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Articles 1501 - 1530 of 21692
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Utilizing Exoskeletons For Intermittent Trunk Flexion Tasks: Implications On Kinematics, Stability, Muscle Activity And Fatigue, Pranav Madhav Kuber
Utilizing Exoskeletons For Intermittent Trunk Flexion Tasks: Implications On Kinematics, Stability, Muscle Activity And Fatigue, Pranav Madhav Kuber
Theses
Exoskeletons (EXOs) are wearable assistive devices that enhance workers' physical capabilities and reduce injury risk due to overexertion. However, current devices may produce mixed outcomes, and even increase demands. Factors responsible for this gap were identified and potential design improvements were proposed to improve their adoption. A subsequent systematic review showed mixed outcomes in real-world scenarios, possibly due to challenges in conducting field evaluations. A new guideline is proposed, which can be beneficial in improving the generalizability of findings in field evaluations. Low-back is injury-prone due to repetitive trunk flexion tasks, where Back-support industrial exoskeletons (BSIEs) can be beneficial. Literature …
A Mixture-Of-Experts Approach To Fine-Tuning The Segment Anything Model, Rajat Sahay
A Mixture-Of-Experts Approach To Fine-Tuning The Segment Anything Model, Rajat Sahay
Theses
The emergence of large, general-purpose foundation models has sparked significant interest in the broader machine learning community. Among the many models being released, the Segment Anything Model (SAM) has demonstrated exceptional capabilities for object segmentation in various settings. Given its expansive training data, SAM has been used for image segmentation across various downstream tasks ranging from tumour segmentation to aerial object detection. However, the majority of pretraining data used by SAM consists of naturally-occurring images, which have significantly different characteristics from images of tumours or images taken by drones. In order to align SAM to these previously unseen domains, we …
Development And Testing Of A Far Infrared Fourier Transform Spectrometer For The Calibration Of On-Chip Spectrometers, Dale Mercado
Development And Testing Of A Far Infrared Fourier Transform Spectrometer For The Calibration Of On-Chip Spectrometers, Dale Mercado
Theses
Astrophysical measurements in the far-infrared (FIR) wavelengths are crucial for a variety of astrophysical applications. These include probing the fuel for cosmic star formation, understanding the developmental cycles of protoplanetary disks, and investigating the role and composition of dust in the interstellar medium. Our collaboration is currently developing a FIR on-chip spectrometer that is operable in the range of 100-200µm, utilizing low-noise kinetic inductance detectors (KIDs). As these devices incorporate new technology, their spectral response must be measured and compared with traditional FIR optical dispersion methods. To this end, we have designed a cryogenic Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) that operates …
Kilonova Modeling And Parameter Inference, Marko Ristic
Kilonova Modeling And Parameter Inference, Marko Ristic
Theses
This dissertation details the generation of a kilonova simulation training library and the training of subsequent machine learning emulators used for multidimensional interpolation. We begin with a Gaussian process interpolation methodology and apply that emulator for Bayesian inference with the AT 2017gfo light-curve dataset. We then expand on our emulator interpolation methodology, replacing the scalar Gaussian process emulator with a vector neural network emulator for light-curve generation. Our neural network emulator results are localized to a much more narrow region of the parameter space, prompting a detailed supportive investigation of the systematic uncertainty associated with our inference approach. We then …
An Analysis Of Funding For Emergency Medical Services In New York State, Conner Griffin
An Analysis Of Funding For Emergency Medical Services In New York State, Conner Griffin
Theses
Emergency Medical Services (EMS) has been a misfit member of public safety and healthcare within the United States since the 1970s. As EMS has progressed into its modern form, policies haven’t caught up, particularly concerning funding. Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement no longer reflect the reality of modern EMS systems. The need to transport a patient to an emergency department to recoup service costs perpetuates an already costly healthcare system (Munjal & Carr, 2013). To offset the loss encumbered by EMS agencies across New York State (NYS), local governments can provide much needed funding. Funding of this nature has also been …
General Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamics Simulations Of Outflows From Long-Lived Binary Neutron Star Merger Remnants, Allen Wen
Theses
While the landmark multimessenger observations associated with the binary neutron star (BNS) merger GW170817 confirmed the existence of merging BNS systems and their ability to generate gamma-ray bursts and kilonova emission, the exact physical processes that link hydrodynamics in the merger remnant to electromagnetic (EM) signals remains up for debate. Moreover, the uncertain lifetime of the remnant before its possible collapse to a black hole can dramatically change the physics involved in the postmerger evolution. We aim to facilitate and study energetic outflow launching in the long-lived hypermassive or supramassive neutron star remnant case by performing 3D general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics …
Distribution Dynamics Of Swamp Rabbits (Sylvilagus Aquaticus) In Missouri, Kylie Bosch
Distribution Dynamics Of Swamp Rabbits (Sylvilagus Aquaticus) In Missouri, Kylie Bosch
Theses
Swamp rabbits (Sylvilagus aquaticus) are a bottomland hardwood forest specialist undergoing contraction at the northern extent of their range. This decline is often attributed to the loss of bottomland hardwood forest and frequent, intense flooding. To mitigate this decline and inform decisions regarding the swamp rabbit’s conservation status, there is a pressing need for long-term monitoring efforts. Although currently listed as imperiled (S2) in Missouri, shifts in occupancy trends may warrant a reassessment of the swamp rabbit’s state rank. The Missouri Department of Conservation has conducted decadal surveys for swamp rabbits since 1991, and the work presented here describes the …
Passive Acoustic Monitoring: Considerations For Recording Units, Birdnet Settings, And Filtering Methods For Long-Term Avian Population Monitoring, Shasta Corvus
Theses
This research investigated several aspects of passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) which were previously unexplored or understudied. A comparison of autonomous recording units (ARUs) for use with BirdNET for the purpose of bird monitoring was conducted. Four ARUs were compared, including AudioMoth, SM4, SMMicro, and SwiftOne. We found that, of the performance metrics for which ARU choice made a statistically significant difference (P>0.01), which included sensitivity, specificity, F1 harmonic mean, and Matthews Correlation Coefficient, (but not precision: P = 0.94), AudioMoth had the best performance for all statistically significant performance metrics except for specificity, for which SMMicro had the highest. …
Ecological Drivers Of Size And Predictors Of Potential Competition In Soricidae, Wesley B. Holland
Ecological Drivers Of Size And Predictors Of Potential Competition In Soricidae, Wesley B. Holland
Theses
The family Soricidae, encompassing shrews, represents a diverse group of small (head-body length 30-178 mm) omnivorous or carnivorous mammals distinguished by unique morphological and physiological traits. Ecologically, shrews are dominant small predators, significantly impacting invertebrate populations. Their foraging strategies are diverse, with species adapted to fossorial, psammophilic, scansorial, semiaquatic, semifossorial, and terrestrial guilds. High metabolic rates necessitate nearly constant food intake, influencing their prey selection and feeding behaviors. Physiologically, shrews exhibit adaptations for thermoregulation, with Soricinae generally having higher mass-specific metabolic rates compared to Crocidurinae, who can enter torpor to conserve energy. These metabolic differences are crucial for their ecological …
An Exploration Of Factors Driving Patterns Of Hybridization In Triodanis, Keegan Sean Mcconnell
An Exploration Of Factors Driving Patterns Of Hybridization In Triodanis, Keegan Sean Mcconnell
Theses
Elucidating and preserving biodiversity is an essential component of biological research, yet many natural processes impede our ability to define basic patterns of biodiversity. Hybridization is a common process in flowering plants, with a range of outcomes that influence our understanding of species ecology and evolution. In many systems, factors that facilitate or prevent successful hybridization are poorly understood. In this study, I investigate various potential mechanisms driving patterns of hybridization between Triodanis biflora and T. perfoliata. Previous research in this system has documented extensive hybridization, but some work has also alluded to the potential role of the breeding system …
Impact Of Foreign Aid To Agriculture In Reducing Poverty In Developing Countries., Richard Amoako
Impact Of Foreign Aid To Agriculture In Reducing Poverty In Developing Countries., Richard Amoako
Theses
The effectiveness of foreign aid in reducing poverty has been a contentious issue in development economics. This paper focuses specifically on aid directed towards agriculture, a sector critical for rural livelihoods and poverty alleviation. It investigates the empirical relationship between agricultural aid flows and poverty levels in 46 developing countries between 1997-2020. Fixed effects panel regressions estimate models with the $2.15/day (based on 2017 PPP) poverty headcount ratio as the outcome variable. The key finding is that agricultural aid has a statistically significant poverty-reducing impact. The regression coefficients indicate that on average, a 1% increase in agricultural aid is associated …
Effects Of Urban Borders On Synanthropic Mesopredator Movement And Risk Of Toxoplasma Gondii Infection In The Protected Lands Of Key Largo, Florida Usa, Kelly A. Crandall
Effects Of Urban Borders On Synanthropic Mesopredator Movement And Risk Of Toxoplasma Gondii Infection In The Protected Lands Of Key Largo, Florida Usa, Kelly A. Crandall
Theses
Protected lands are an important source of food, shelter, and reproductive opportunities for wildlife, especially in urbanizing landscapes. When urban development abuts the edges of protected lands, synanthropic species can alter their foraging behaviors and movement to utilize human-supplemented resources throughout the urban-wild interface. Therefore, urban edges on protected lands can have pronounced effects on animal movement and ecosystem function. There is also increased risk of disease transmission where high densities of wild animals exist, or where domestic animals and wild species are interacting. In particular, members of the family Felidae, including domestic cats (Felis catus), can transmit the pathogenic …
Impact Of Heat Treatment On Microstructure & Friction Performance Of Nasa Al 398 Alloy Rotors, Manjith Srinivas Koganti
Impact Of Heat Treatment On Microstructure & Friction Performance Of Nasa Al 398 Alloy Rotors, Manjith Srinivas Koganti
Theses
Interaction of friction brakes with external environment can considerably influence their performance which could relate to friction instabilities and friction induced vibration and noise. The goal of this thesis is to optimize the mechanical properties of Al-alloy and address the friction, wear, and noise heat-treated rotors tested in scaled down SAE recommended testing procedure. The adopted T5 heat treatment process of Al-alloys involves a particular order of controlled heating and cooling steps designed to get specific microstructural changes within the alloy leading to optimized strength/hardness. Hardness is measured with Rockwell’s Hardness Tester. Artificial ageing at elevated temperature process is done. …
Population Demographics Of Crappies (Pomoxis Spp.) And Comparison Of Fish Community Monitoring Techniques In Smithland Pool Of The Ohio River, Joseph Rector
Theses
Large rivers in the United States support popular recreational and commercial fisheries despite being among the most heavily anthropogenically modified habitats due to the construction of dams and levees, agricultural and industrial pollution, and channel modification, all of which can disrupt aquatic ecosystem function and affect fish community composition and abundance. However, despite their relative importance, riverine fisheries research tends to lag behind that of lakes and reservoirs due to the complexity of habitats and difficulties in reliably sampling dynamic waterbodies. Many fisheries biologists, researchers, and managers have implemented long-term resource monitoring programs on large rivers to collect and aggregate …
Impacts Of Intensifying A Corn-Soybean Rotation With Winter Wheat (Triticum Aestivum) On Nutrient Leaching, Plant Available Nutrients, Crop Yields, And Nitrogen Dynamics In Southern Illinois, Abigail Leigh Spiers
Impacts Of Intensifying A Corn-Soybean Rotation With Winter Wheat (Triticum Aestivum) On Nutrient Leaching, Plant Available Nutrients, Crop Yields, And Nitrogen Dynamics In Southern Illinois, Abigail Leigh Spiers
Theses
The Midwestern United States is a nationally and globally important producer of agricultural products and uses intensive practices to achieve high grain yields. However, intensive agriculture is a major contributor of nitrogen and phosphorus export to the Mississippi River and the hypoxic zone in the Gulf of Mexico. Cover cropping is a recommended conservation practice for providing soil cover throughout the winter and taking up nutrients that may otherwise be lost in bare fallow systems, but the associated costs limit widespread adoption of this practice. Double cropping, which involves growing two crops in one year, is functionally similar to cover …
On The Computable List Chromatic Number And Computable Coloring Number, Seth Campbell Thomason
On The Computable List Chromatic Number And Computable Coloring Number, Seth Campbell Thomason
Theses
In this paper, we introduce two new variations on the computable chromatic number: the computable list chromatic number and the computable coloring number. We show that, just as with the non-computable versions, the computable chromatic number is always less than or equal to the computable list chromatic number, which is less than or equal to the computable coloring number.We investigate the potential differences between the computable and non-computable chromatic, list chromatic, and coloring numbers on computable graphs. One notable example is a computable graph for which the coloring number is 2, but the computable chromatic number is infinite.
Half Past Primrose, Laura E. Wilson
Half Past Primrose, Laura E. Wilson
Theses
Half Past Primrose is a climate memoir in verse, exploring the experiences of growing up with climate change in Wisconsin and the fundamental life shifts it poses.
Pins, Inhwan Jeon
Pins, Inhwan Jeon
Theses
Pins aims to portray the societal landscape observed and experienced by me as an international student, highlighting sociological concerns like hatred and hate crimes instead of focusing on surface-level metrics such as the risk and fatality rates of COVID-19. Through this work, I want to remind the audience of the multifaceted nature of society and the emotions evoked by COVID-19, prompting reflection on the role of art during times of crisis. While transforming my original medium of metal objects into an installation art format, I explored concepts such as spacing, installation, cognition, narrative, and multiple senses. I integrated these elements …
The Role Of Food Ordering Systems In The Efficiency Of Food Distribution Through Food Banks: A Case Study, Turner Kamm
The Role Of Food Ordering Systems In The Efficiency Of Food Distribution Through Food Banks: A Case Study, Turner Kamm
Theses
Introduction: Food banks face pressure to support an increasing number of food-insecure individuals, and to increase operational efficiency. This study reviewed the role of ordering systems in a food bank through a literature review and analysis of past ordering data. Methods: A literature review was conducted on the role of food ordering systems on efficient food delivery. Order data were categorized by month, county, and product category to assess transaction patterns. Analyses involved total pounds of food received by each county and a formula to calculate the percent of food insecure individuals served by county. Additional analyses compared items that …
Fruiting Bodies, Abigail Weber
Fruiting Bodies, Abigail Weber
Theses
"Fruiting Bodies" is a motion graphic installation that visually interprets the stages of fungi development through imaginative imagery and dynamic typography. Exploring themes of decay and rebirth, it prompts viewers to reflect on the transient nature of existence and the cyclical patterns of life and death. In its original form, "Fruiting Bodies" is projected onto a large-scale 'petri dish' in a continuous loop format and fosters a visceral engagement with its subject, creating a sense of intimacy and connection with the ever-changing life around us. Its visuals guide viewers through the key phases of fungal growth, redefining fungi as symbols …
The Logical Reasoning Dilemma Of Llms: A Mapping Deficit In Representation Acquisition, Yiling Wu
The Logical Reasoning Dilemma Of Llms: A Mapping Deficit In Representation Acquisition, Yiling Wu
Theses
Currently, Large Language Models (LLMs) based on the Generative Pre-trained Transformer architecture have made breakthroughs in multilingual language processing tasks and performed similar language processing capabilities to humans. However, their performance in dealing with tasks involving reasoning, especially logical reasoning, show significant shortcomings. In this paper, we argue that logical reasoning competence requires a certain type of representation acquisition capability. Based on this, in order to assess whether LLMs have the potential to overcome the shortcomings of their logical reasoning competence in their subsequent development, this work compares the representation acquisition processes of humans and LLMs. This comparison reveals that …
Modeling Fire Behavior: Increasing Fidelity In High-Complexity Fire Models, Jenna Sjunneson Mcdanold
Modeling Fire Behavior: Increasing Fidelity In High-Complexity Fire Models, Jenna Sjunneson Mcdanold
Theses
Recent technological advances have yielded several high-complexity models for fire behavior. Low-intensity burns present difficulties in modeling due to a strong sensitivity to wind and fuels. This dissertation explores support research to improve representation of low-intensity fire in these high-complexity fire simulations. We focus on three areas: (i) data-driven modeling with a Spatially Extended Radiant heat Fire model (SERF), (ii) fuel heterogeneity with our model Distribution of Understory using Elliptical Transport (DUET), and (iii) research on whole system dynamics using chaos theory. To increase simulated resolution of low-intensity fire behavior, we employ an observational data set to develop SERF with …
Formulation, Manufacture, And Deployment Of A Sustainable Multi-Layer Agricultural Mulch Film, Yvan David Hernandez-Charpak
Formulation, Manufacture, And Deployment Of A Sustainable Multi-Layer Agricultural Mulch Film, Yvan David Hernandez-Charpak
Theses
Agricultural mulching films (AMF) increase crop yield while reducing pesticides use, meeting the needs of a growing world population. However, their disposal options have led to an intensifying and concerning problem of plastic pollution. Biodegradable mulch films are available, but adoption has been limited because of their unpredictable degradation rate, making them unreliable compared to conventional polyethylene AMF. This dissertation presents a multi-layer film structure (commonly used in the packaging industry), its manufacture, deployment in the field, and comprehensive sustainability assessment. Its structure consists of a thick middle layer of thermoplastic starch (TPS) and biochar filled-biodegradable poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) thin …
Inference On Neutron Star Parameters And The Nuclear Equation Of State With Rift, Using Prior Eos Information, Askold Vilkha
Inference On Neutron Star Parameters And The Nuclear Equation Of State With Rift, Using Prior Eos Information, Askold Vilkha
Theses
One of the most extreme objects in the Universe, neutron stars are the remnants of supernova explosions. A usual neutron star has a mass in the range of 0.8 − 2.4M⊙ and a radius of about 10 km. Such small radii and high masses imply extreme densities, that exceed the nuclear density ρnuc . The extreme conditions of cold ultradense matter present inside the neutron star cannot be achieved in terrestrial laboratories, so the equation of state (EOS) of such matter is not well understood. Currently, there are many theoretical models of the EOS based on nuclear physics (Quantum Chromodynamics …
Improvements On Model-Free Sliding Mode Control’S Implementation And Estimation Techniques, Joshua Coleman
Improvements On Model-Free Sliding Mode Control’S Implementation And Estimation Techniques, Joshua Coleman
Theses
Systems continue to grow in complexity to meet the demands of today’s society. To control severe nonlinearities and protect against errors in the system model, control methods with wider stability margins are necessary. However, most robust control methods require an increased energy cost to guarantee stability with wider margins. Furthermore, most current control methods are derived using system models, which are difficult to develop for complex systems. Model-Free Sliding Mode Control is promising in overcoming the aforementioned difficulties; the control output is only determined by the system order, previous control values, and state measurements. The control scheme’s characteristics have been …
Combined Virtual Reality And Mechanical Balance Platform System With Induced Visual Roll, Shkenca Demiri
Combined Virtual Reality And Mechanical Balance Platform System With Induced Visual Roll, Shkenca Demiri
Theses
Balance impairments are a common and widespread concern in human health. Acquired through genetics, aging, illness, or prolonged exposure to different environments such as travel by sea or travel in outer space; balance impairments pose significant challenges to those affected. Traditionally, balance studies have been largely qualitative. However, technological advancements have allowed for new methodologies to be developed for analyzing postural sway in a quantitative manner. In this thesis, custom force plate technology, an advanced inertial motion unit (IMU) motion capture system, and a mechanical motion platform, in tandem with a gamification system, were integrated to collect and analyze quantitative …
The Occurence Rate And Types Of Technical Alarms During Continuous Ecg Monitoring In The Intensive Care Unit And Its Potential Contribution To Alarm Fatigue, Markus Tungol
Theses
While continuous electrocardiographic (ECG) monitoring in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is an important assessment device, technical alarms (i.e., artifact, arrhythmia suspend, and leads off) are frequent and can contribute to alarm fatigue in nurses. For example, we found that of >2.5 million total alarms generated during a one month period, 30% were technical alarms. Examine the number and type of technical alarms (described below) and demographic and clinical factors associated with these alarms.
Low Cost Combined Camera And Imu Based Control For Autonomous Aerial Orientation Adjustment, Remi Mckenzie
Low Cost Combined Camera And Imu Based Control For Autonomous Aerial Orientation Adjustment, Remi Mckenzie
Theses
The goal of this research was to create a robot control system that combines gyroscope and accelerometer data with vision tracking to improve aerial orientation control performance over what could be achieved with sensor data or image processing alone. There has been significant research into the function of mobile robots that can autonomously carry out a wide range of tasks across a wide range of environments. However, the full potential of these robots has yet to be realized, especially at the hobbyist level. Air based travel allows for motion capabilities far beyond that of a robot limited to ground travel …
A Systematic Review Of Trauma-Informed Care In Applied Behavior Analysis, Staci Archibald
A Systematic Review Of Trauma-Informed Care In Applied Behavior Analysis, Staci Archibald
Theses
Although the use of trauma-informed care (TIC) has been featured in the delivery of different human services fields, its integration in applied behavior analysis (ABA) is scarce. The purpose of this research was to determine how many empirical studies include both principles of behavior analysis as well as TIC. The findings imply that, while research in this area is very limited, including TIC in ABA may improve treatment outcomes, particularly for people with complicated trauma histories and many restrictive measures. This review revealed a significant literature gap regarding specific frameworks and guidelines for effectively integrating TIC into ABA practices. Addressing …
Examining Severing Dynamics Of Cytoskeletal Structures Using Computational Methods, Arthur Peterson Miller
Examining Severing Dynamics Of Cytoskeletal Structures Using Computational Methods, Arthur Peterson Miller
Theses
Within eukaryotic cells, cytoskeletal structures are a category of organelles that serve functions ranging from supporting cell geometry to locomotion. These functions require a coordinated effort of regulatory proteins, which interact with the cytoskeleton distinctively. Severing proteins, which can fragment cytoskeletal structures at their binding sites, are one such example. In this work, using stochastic modeling, we model the interaction of severing proteins on bare cytoskeletal filaments and bundled filaments, which are larger collections of individual filaments. We focus on two types of cytoskeletal protein structures in this work: cylindrical microtubules and linear actin filaments. In the case of microtubules, …