Digital Commons Network^™

An Experimental Investigation Of The Kinetics And Thermal Properties Of Poly(Ethylene) Terephthalate And Its Related Di-Acid Modified Copolymers, Satish Baliga

Theses

Poly(ethylene) Terephthalate , PET, is synthesized from purified Bis-hydroxyethyl Terephthalate,(BHET), in the presence of antimony oxide catalyst. Rate constant for the polycondensation reaction, based on a second order kinetic model is found to be 152.4/mol/hr.

A new modified polyester Polyethylene Adipic Terephthalate (PEAT) is synthesized from BHET and adipic acid. The effect of adipic acid content in the copolymer,on the rate of polycondensation is studied. Adipic acid is shown to improve the activity of the polymer chain ends thereby increasing the apparent reaction rate constants.

The modified polyesters are observed to melt at a lower temperature than PET. Moreover, the …

Integrating Cad/Cam Into Engineering And Manufacturing Organizations : A Management Perspective, Gerardo A. Navia

Theses

The potential productivity improvements possible with CAD/CAM systems will require all Engineering and Manufacturing Enterprises to acquire this technology in order to stay competitive. Experience to date has shown that integration of these computer-based systems into the on-going operations is difficult and will not yield the anticipated benefits unless this is done properly.

This thesis examines the integration problem and how it is being dealt with by reviewing the literature and through personal contacts with both CAD/CAM vendors and users. It was concluded that for successful adoption and integration, Managers need a strong background in both the technical and managerial …

Modeling And Analysis Of Switching Dc-To-Dc Converters, Suresh Hariharan

Theses

Modeling and analysis of switching dc-to-dc converters has been achieved through several techniques. The state space averaging technique is valid only for disturbances which are less than one-tenth the switching frequency. The discrete technique does not yield accurate results. In this thesis a new approach to the stability analysis of switching regulators has been discussed and the model is far more accurate than the state space averaging technique or the discrete technique. It can be easily programmed into any computer and the results compare well with the experimental results. It also gives a good insight into the design of the …

Optimization Of The Sputtering Technology For Preparation Of Hg1-[Subscript X] Cd[Subscript X] Te Heterojunction Diodes, Kyriacos Kokkinos

Theses

The deposition of (Hg_1-xCd_x)Te onto Si and (Hg_1-yCd_y)Te (x>y) substrates by rf triode sputtering was studied. Ionized mercury vapor, in the 0.6 to 1.2 micron pressure range, was used to bombard pressed-powder targets, consisting of HgTe and CdTe particles, with effective target x value of 0.3, 0.35, and 0.4. The sputtering procedure, parameters, and system were modified to optimize film characteristics. Higher substrate temperature (270°C) was required to obtain metallic gray films with x>0.3. With substrate temperatures less than 270°C and deposition rates 0.5-1.0 micron per hour the films were …

Reliability Screening Of Transformers, Bharat M. Shah

Theses

The purpose of this project is to study screening of components from the reliability point of view. The component used is electronic transformer. The screen chosen is Electrical Noise generated in the transformer insulation system and the failure mode selected is leakage current in the transformer insulation.

Experiments were conducted to monitor electrical noise generated due to partial ionization of the tiny air gaps in the transformer insulation. The voltage stress, regiured to be applied to the insulation system, for constant 59 units of noise, recorded for the sample of three hundred seventeen transformers.

The voltage readings were analyzed statiscally …

Design Of A Photoreactor For The Oxidation Of Toxic Pollutants In Water By Ozone And Ultraviolet Radiation, Andrew Youngrak Park

Theses

A photoreactor has been set up to study the feasibility of ozone and ultraviolet radiation for treating pollutants in water. Phenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, and 2,6-dichlorophenol were chosen as pollutants in this study.

The reaction kinetics mechanism has been postulated to be consisted of ozone decomposition, oxygen activation by UV, and reaction of pollutant with ozone, UV, and activated species. The corresponding reaction rate constants were found, using Rosenbrock optimization program, from four different experiment sets --- reaction of pollutant with ozone; reaction of pollutant with UV; reaction of pollutant with O₂/UV; reaction of pollutant with O₃/O_{2 …}

Industrial And Commercial Energy Management, Frank L. Peraino

Theses

This thesis deals with energy and its management in the industrial and commercial segments of our society. It provides an insight into the development and evolution of the energy manager, as well as a projection of his role in the next decade. Through an analysis of energy sources, the utilization of energy in the industrial and commercial markets, and the development of energy conservation attitudes and technologies, this thesis provides an appreciation of the factors that have molded yesterday's energy coordinator into today's energy manager. By projecting this analysis, a snapshot of the characteristics and duties of tomorrow's energy manager …

Human Factors In Quality Assurance, Min C. Tzou

Theses

This thesis is concerned with the impact of human factors elements upon the efficiency and quality of output in a manufacturing environment. The subject was aproached through the current literature as it appeared in periodicals and papers. There were very few texts on the subject of human factors discipline, specially in the application of behavioral principles, which this thesis was mostly base on.

The first chapter of this thesis discusses the increasing role people play in product quality, and the changing attitudes of today's work force. The next six chapters are broken down into three parts. Chapter II and III …

Experimental Investigation Of Submerged, Turbulent, Array Of Air Jets Impinging On A Flat Plate, Samir Sethi

Theses

Experimental investigation was carried out on the flow characteristics of a circular, submerged, turbulent, array of axisymmetric air jets impinging normally on a smooth, flat, square, lucite plate. Jets issuing from an array of circular nozzles 0.25 and 0.375 in. (0.635 and 0.9525 cm) in diameter were considered and nozzle exit Reynolds Number varied from 10,000 to 60,000.The ratio of nozzle center to center distance to the nozzle diameter, given by C_n/D, of 2 and 3 were considered. The jet velocity was not too high, such that at a Mach Number less than 0.3, the flow was still …

The Biodegradation Of Phenol And O-Chlorophenol Using Activated Sludge Bacteria, Jeffery Colish

Theses

The biological degradation of phenol up to 500 ppm and 0-chlorophenol up to 40 ppm was studied in an aerated 4.0 liter hatch reactor using activated sludge bacteria from the Livingston, N.J. wastewater treatment plant. From the concentration versus time data, kinetic rate constants were determined for phenol (@ 100 ppm) and o-chlorophenol (@ 20 ppm and 40 ppm). Air stripping was determined to be an insignificant removal mechanism for the compounds studied.

It was noted that the acclimation times decreased with repeated exposure to a particular concentration of phenol or o-chlorophenol, and that the activated sludge bacteria first had …

Development Of A Computer Model To Track Water Droplet Trajectories As Related To Aircraft Icing, Satyen G. Harve

Theses

In order to be able to predict the local ice accretion rate, or the icing profile on any surface it is neccessary that a model be available, which helps in determining the local impingement values of water droplets on the object. Two models have been developed. One model determines the potential and the velocity field around any arbitrary object. The second model determines the trajectory of the water droplets in the presence of a potential field. The two models have been combined to form a general trajectory model capable of tracking water droplet trajectories around any arbitrary object. The object …

Enhancement Of The Integrated Mechanisms Program (Imp) By Addition Of Graphic Output, Anil Parsaram Hingorani

Theses

The Integrated Mechanisms Program (IMP) is enhanced to include the capability of graphic output of simple mechanisms. The subroutines available in the graphics package GP-10 are used. The output consists of a drawing of the mechanism at its initial position and for every position for which the analysis is done. In addition, a graph of velocity and/or acceleration against the angle of the driving link may be plotted. There are limitations. The output of the mechanism represents only prismatic joints by a different symbol. It is represented by a rectangle and the symbol of the fixed link. All the other …

Japanese Management Techniques And Its Transition To Taiwan, Shih-Tung Shu

Theses

Japan's success, as measured by a vertically increasing balance-of-payments surplus, has created serious issues between Japan and other industrial democracies. It has created fears about the economic superpower status of Japan. On the other hand, because of this very success in coping with worldwide economic problems and in sustaining its export drive, Japan's unique style of managenemt has attracted a great deal of attention. As the Japanese have begun to demonstrate on ability to transfer their management style to the U. S. and other western countries, Japanese management and its transferability continue to be a subject of special interest in …

Prefeasibility Study Of Flexible Manufacturing System, Patrice Gerault

Theses

Most major companies over the world are or intend to go into Flexible Manufacturing System. But, FMS is not as easy to implement as most cf the other equipments. It affects the whole company and careful studies must be done before parchasing it.

After a description of this new system, this paper reviews the effects introduced by FMS and the alements of savings or surcosts in comparison to conventional systems ; but no numerical evaluations are stated.

This paper gives a frame to any company which wants to undertake a prefeasibility study.

Contaminant Transport Against A Slowly Moving Fluid : An Experimental Investigation, Surya Man Shakya

Theses

Leachate migration into groundwater from leaking lagoons, hazardous waste sites, solid waste disposal sites, etc. has recently become a major cause of groundwater pollution. A possible solution to prevent leachate migration into groundwater is to create a negative hydraulic gradient toward the site. This can be achieved by installing two parallel slurry trench cut-offs around the perimeter of a leaking lagoon and by filling it with water. The water und-er the influence of positive hydraulic gradient will move toward the site and will finally find its way on the surface of the lagoon. Along with the flow of water, the …

Performance Comparison Of Digital Communication Signaling Schemes, Hiroshi Okusawa

Theses

The intent of the work "Performance Comparison of Digital Communication Signaling Schemes" is to consider various signaling schemes for digital communication and their relative performances.

In order to gain a better perspective of the overall problem of digital communication signaling, the most basic ideas, such as conceptual techniques for the generation and detection of modulated signals, are outlined and provided.

The primary measure of performance -for a digital communication system is the error rate. Emphasis is placed on analyzing the probability of error for various idealized signaling schemes.

Homogenous Reaction Kinetics Of Reduction Of Sulfur Dioxide, Satyanarayana Manthani

Theses

Homogeneous reduction of sulfur dioxide by carbon monoxide was investigated in the temperature range between 700 and 1000°C, initial sulfur dioxide concentration of about 3000 ppm, typical of a flue gas from coal fired power plants, and excess carbon monoxide concentration, in a 12 mm O.D. quartz tubular reactor. Over ninty percent reduction of sulfur dioxide was obtained at temperatures above 900°C and space times of the order of about 3.5 seconds. Substantial carbonyl sulfide was also produced.

Optimization Of Vehicle Suspensions Subjected To Random Excitation, Rifaquat Ali Cheema

Theses

This study provides basic information on the analysis and optimization of vehicle suspension systems with a damped absorber attached to the sprung mass and the un sprung mass. This study is also concerned with comparing these systems with a optimized conventional system. A two degree of freedom linear model subjected to guideway irregularity, described as a hyperbolic displacement spectral density, random excitation is chosen for studying the system. Dimensionless space and design parameters are selected to allow for adequate generality. The objective function incorporates the tire-terrain normal force, as an indication of the vehicle controllability, constrained by the sprung mass …

A Signal-To-Noise Ratio Analysis Of An Autoradiographic Image Enhancement Process, Donald R. Williams

Theses

A signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) analysis of a S-35 thiourea autoradiographic image enhancement process incorporating subproportional bleaches is performed, with emphasis on diagnostic medical Imagery. Quantifying SNR through a spatial frequency definition of DQE and NEQ, these metrics were compared between donor and receiver-composite stages. While improvements in radiometric speed and gamma were noted in the receiver-composite, these gains were more than offset in a SNR sense by correspondingly lower MTF and higher Wiener spectrum values. As a result the donor's DQF_max of .30 exceeded that of the receiver-composite's DQE_max by 50%. Similarly, ImCXA the donor's NEQ_max exceeded that of the receiver …

Simulation Of Particle Size Distribution In Continuous Emulsion Polymerization Through A Modified Population Balance Approach, Ying-Yuh Lu

Theses

A detailed mathematical model for particle size distribution in continuous emulsion polymerization of styrene and vinyl acetate is proposed on the basis of the population balance in the presence of several kinetic and mass transfer processes. This study is limited to the Smith-Ewart case II, which assumes instantaneous free radical termination within polymer particles. Radical desorption mechanism from polymer particles is included in the model and the desorption rate is formulated from the diffusion theory which suggests that the rate coefficient should be inversely proportional to the surface area of polymer particles.

The Horse: Structure And Form In Nature, Karen Ackoff

Theses

None provided.

Tract, Bil Jaeger

Theses

Not Included

Gesture And Attitude, Stephen Piper

Theses

I intend to explore, with a small format camera, people's gestures and physical attitudes and the way in which these are enhanced by their relationship to the environment.

A Microprocessor Based Hybrid System For Digital Error Correction, Peter H. Sohn

Theses

The design of a microprocessor based hybrid system for digital error correction is presented. It is shown that such a system allows for implementation of several cyclic codes at a variety of throughput rates providing variable degrees of error correction depending on current user requirements. The theoretical basis for encoding and decoding of binary BCH codes is reviewed. Design and implementation of system hardware and software are described. A method for injection of independent bit errors with controllable statistics into the system is developed, and its accuracy verified by computer simulation. This method of controllable error injection is used to …

A Study Of Worker Motivation, Farid Uddin Ahmad

Theses

This thesis mainly deals with the motivation of the production managers, engineers, technicians and production workers. The purpose is to emphasize the need for providing due motivations to an important work group of the industry who are largely ignored. An attempt has been made to amply demonstrate the various techniques for worker motivation. As the study of standard motivational theories alone cannot solve the complex motivational problems, all possible efforts have been made to relate, integrate and blend the theories with actual applications in the organizations. All the relevant and important issues connected with worker motivation have been highlighted. Points …

Microcomputer Applications In Construction Layout, P. Emeruwa Anyanwu

Theses

With recent trends in computer technology, its application to the construction industry is attracting more attention. The cost of owning computer was a primary reason for small and medium sized firms not adopting its use. With the advent of micro and minicomputers, the cost have dropped dramatically. Now one can purchase an Apple Computer (the monitor, keyboard, disk drive, and printer) at less than $3,000. This makes it possible for students like me (the poverty class) to afford to own one.

This thesis explores the powerful potentials of the microcomputer and its use as an aid in construction layout. Surveying …

Energy And Economic Analysis Of Alternate Total Energy Systems, Swaminathan Balakrishnan

Theses

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the Performance of Diesel engines, gas engines, and gas turbines when used in a Total Energy System. To begin with, the history of cogeneration was studied, current literature and texts reviewed and companies which deal with these engines or turbines were contacted. Electricity and gas tariffs were obtained from the P.S.E.&G. Co. It was decided to consider an apartment complex of approximately 200,000 ft² having peak heating and cooling loads of approximately 4.92 million Btu/hr and 2.93 million Btu/hr respectively for this analysis. The average electrical demand was 520 KW. Next …

Volatile Organic Pollutant Levels In Indoor Environments From The Use Of Kerosene Heaters, Kashinath Banerjee

Theses

The indoor air pollutant levels caused by use of kerosene stoves as sources of heat in residences is of increasing concern as the use of such heaters becomes more widespread. Emission of volatile organic. species (aliphatic hydrocarbons from hexane to dodecane, cyclohexane and aromatic species including benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, m/p xylenes, o-xylene and styrene) from these devices were measured at different sites. The organic vapor samples have been collected by adsorption on Tenax GC, and quantitatively analyzed by thermal desorption into a high Resolution capillary column gas chromatograph. Mass spectral analysis was also conducted for qualitative identification of sample …

Successful Management Techniques For Introduction Of Computerized Systems In A Production Facility, Michael James Boyle

Theses

This thesis surveys the potential for introducing significant organizational change into a manufacturing environment which is undergoing large scale capital improvement.

The first portion describes both the organizational and technological barriers present at a specific manufacturing facility. The capabilities of a computer based process control system are detailed along with its ability to fulfill the employer's particular business needs.

The next portion details the work necessary to train both management and production operators, not only on how to use this computer based equipment, but also how they themselves must change their personal modes of thinking in order to carry out …

Risk Assessment For New Products In Office Automation, Dolores Ann Canale

Theses

As investors survey the industrial growth of technology for the late 1980's one area leading the range for large potential growth is the area of office automation. Though this area has been under heavy speculation by many large firms (such as IBM, AT&T and EXXON) for the pass ten years it still remains an unexplored market for many investors. The objective of this research paper is to study the risks companies. will face developing products for this horizon.

Investors believe that success in this area, as well as, many other areas of engineering rely in large measure on the willingness …