Digital Commons Network^™

Reliability Of Packaging In Microcircuits, Zia Iqbal

Theses

The semiconductor industry is faced with the problems of how to increase the level of reliability of semiconductor parts being used in the electronic systems which have had their lifetimes extended through new and better system design.

This paper deals with the reliability of packaging constructions commonly used in large scale integration / integrated circuits and will present the failure mechanisms and failure modes which can arise when proper processing is used. In addition, the materials used in each construction and how they affect reliabilty will be analyzed.

It is not the intention of this paper to present any new, …

Analysis Of Selected Pollutants In Complex Media, Suyi Luo

Theses

Part one: A rapid and reliable procedure is developed for the measurement of the carcinogen benzo(a)pyrene in food. It is a streamlined hybrid of two published methods. These involve ethanalic potassium hydroxide digestion of samples, isooctane extraction, column chromatography on florisil, separation of B(a)P by thin-layer chromatography and measurement of B(a)P by fluorimetry. The recovery of a B(a)P spike of sample is 86.0 + 14.5 % . The procedure which has a limited of detection of 0.05 ng/g (0.05ppb), has been applied to the Human Exposure to B(a)P study.

Part Two: Hexachlorocyclohexane, hexachlorobenzene and some selected PCB congeners were found …

3-D Reconstruction Of Microvasculature From High Voltage Electron Microscopy (Hvem) Data, Pradip Kumar Paul

Theses

This is a new method for histoarchitectural and volumetric analyses of cell compartments of microvasculature with the use of a unique combination of computerized 3-D reconstruction and HVEM thick serial cross sections. The technology is potentially a reliable, simple, accurate and fast method. Pioneering work in this area was started by Todd et al. (Circ Res Vol :53 p 319 ;1983) basically using light microscopy, but supported by conventional ultrathin transmission electron microscopy. These techniques are important in that they promise to resolve controversies in terms of evaluating the occurance of hyperplasia and hypertrophy in small resistance vessels in various …

Integration Of Cad/Cam System Into A Waterjet Cutting Cell, Sanjay C. Shah

Theses

The work is intended to bridge the gap between CAD and CAM fora waterjet cutting cell. The output of CAD is used by CAM directly through the software interface developed. To achieve this, a postprocessor is designed for a two-dimensional system for the series 8200 Allen Bradley's 5-axes Robot Controller. Calma's DDM & DIMENSION III interactive graphics system implemented on VAX was used for the part design. The postprocessor is a computer program, written in the structured FORTRAN, that is unique for a given machine-tool/controller combination. The conversion of the coding and recording format of the APT file to the …

Synergistic Fillers In Polymer Concrete : New Composites, Syed Hassan Javed

Theses

The objective of this study was to examine the effects of synergistic fillers on underwater construction, burning and mechanical properties of polymer portland cement concrete(PPCC).

Fine grains of hydrous calcium sulfate, Trihydrated alumina, Calcium carbonate and fibrous unhydrous calcium sulfate were examined in PPCC. It has been observed that these synergistic filler improves the mechanical property (stress) and reduce the average time of burning of PPCC. With fixed quantity of polymer, the deterioration of PPCC in water increases by replacing the sand with above stated fillers.

Reliability Problems In Semiconductor Lasers, Ajay R. Patel

Theses

The stability and reliability of semiconductor laser is dependent on its design, fabrication, and output power. The best way to assure high reliability of these devices is by accelerated aging test and by selection of strict and meaningful criteria for the acceptance or rejection of a particular device. In this thesis emphasis is given on different failure mechanisms that are known. As new development takes place, other mechanisms may be found. Catastrophic degradation, gradual degradation, darkline defects, and contamination during the fabrication process are the main source of device failure.

The noise generation and the packaging issue of semiconductor laser …

Temperature Dependent Reliability Of Plastic Packaged Microcircuits, Wasim Ahmed

Theses

Increasing power and power densities in new high complexity semiconductor devices are creating heat removal problems. Increased powers produce higher junction temperature which lead to potentially faster degradation of device reliability. Thermal management at device level packaging involves efficient and cost-effective removal of dissipated thermal energy from the device to assure its reliable performance over the long term. In the context of very high levels of integeration of future ICs, thermal management will mean making such devices possible close to the limits of acceptable high temperature.

The major factors affecting heat flow in a plastic Dual-in-line-packages (DIP'S) are investigated using …

Image Enhancement And Edge Detection Using Fuzzy Algorithm, Samir Patel

Theses

A method of image enhancement and edge detection by computer using the fuzzy set is illustrated. The algorithm involves extraction of fuzzy properties corresponding to pixels and then succesive application of fuzzy operator 'contrast intensification' along with smoothing in the fuzzy property plane before detecting its edges. The property plane is extracted from the spatial domain using S, π, and (1- π) functions and the fuzzifiers. Edge detection is achieved using KIRSH operator. A computer routine is developed and the effectiveness of the algorithm with different value of the system parameter is demonstrated on different images. The digital computer HP …

Analysis And Simulation Of Chirp Radar System, Tina Tsung Tsai

Theses

This paper consists of a technique to design a Chirp radar system and proposes a solution to optimize the design of the linear time delay network required in such systems. A Chirp radar system has a wide bandwidth for high range resolution, and long pulse duration for high velocity resolution and high transmitted energy. The technique of a pulse compression system offers a means of increasing the average power available to illuminate radar targets without any loss of the resolution at the receiver needed for the tactical requirements of the system. This is accomplished by transmitting a wide pulse in …

Microcomputer Graphic Intelligence, Thomas Tillman Shaffner

Theses

None provided.

A Survey Of Computerized Writing Aid Systems And Implementation Of A Homonym Checker Using Artificial Intelligence, Anna Marie Robbins

Theses

Computerized writing aid systems ideally determine whether word usage in written text is appropriate both syntactically and semantically. Currently developed computerized writing aid systems are reviewed with emphasis on their methods for and success at grammar checking. A limited homonym checker and correction advisor is devised and implemented using the Prolog programming language and artificial intelligence techniques. Insight is gained into the problem of developing a comprehensive computerized system for determining appropriate syntactic and semantic word usage.

A Study In Music Visualization, Charles Marsh

Theses

None provided.

Port-A-Map, Viriya Pungthong

Theses

None provided.

A Colorimetric Analysis Of Color Variation Due To Changes In Simulated Ink Trapping, Mary Louise Bulger

Theses

The purpose of this study was to address, through colorimetric analysis, color variation as it relates to the efficiency of trapping. A developing awareness of colorimetric analysis in the graphic arts, as well as the realization of some of the limitations of densitometry when applied to color analysis provided impetus for such a study.

An Investigation Of The Affects Of Typefaces Upon Reader's Perception Of The Meanings Of Messages Using The Semantic Differential Testing Technique, Veronica M. Hofman

Theses

This thesis is directed to the area of typography and the affects certain typefaces have on a reader's perception of the message of a text. There have been both empirical and non-empirical studies done that show evidence that connotations and feelings have been associated with typefaces. The intent of this study was to determine the feelings associated with a particular group of typefaces by relating each face to a list of adjective pairs and comparing the results with the content of books which incorporated the face on their jackets. This was to determine whether the content of a book and …

8085 In-Circuit Emulator For Ibm Personal Computer, Joong Bin Lee

Theses

As microprocessor-based systems become gradually larger, the developers need good tools for debugging the hardware and software. The emulators for the IBM Personal Computer using an RS-232 serial port are available in the market. But it takes quite a long time to download the user file to the memory of the emulator or the target system. This emulator is an add-on card dedicated for IBM Personal Computers. The emulator communicates with the IBM Personal Computer through the I/O channels on the mother board instead of the serial port, so its speed is much faster than that of the serial port. …

Morphological Analysis Of Microvessels Using High Voltage Electron Microscopy (Hvem), Ibm Personal Computer And 3-D Reconstruction Software, Wieslaw Slawomir Krajewski

Theses

The mesenteric arterioles (outer diameter < 100 µ) from a normotensive and a hypertensive dog were perfused in situ, excised, post-fixed and embedded in Spurr medium block. Thick serial cross sections (0.5 µ) of the vessels were obtained from hand formed mesas and placed on Formvar coated slot grids.

The cross sections were subjected to High Voltage Electron Microscopy (HVEM) and five or more electronmicrographs were taken to cover the individual cross sections. The prints of electronmicrographs were linearly enlarged (3X) and made into photomontages of sections. The membrane contours in the montages were traced on transparent overlays, producing polygons which in turn were traced on GTCO digitizing pad. All polygons were labeled, color coded and stored in IBM PC's filing system. The vessels were reconstructed from up to 100 whole cross sections and subjected to cell compartmentalvolume analysis. The reconstructed images can be …

Engraving By Cnc Milling Machine, Ram Tatiparti Reddy

Theses

A detailed study of NC, CNC and Engraving is presented. Engraving of letters of different sizes is done using the present technology in a CNC milling machine. This thesis also contains the design of a communication interface between Mark Century One Plus controller and different peripherals. Software for Engraving and Communication between the controller and a PC is developed. The generated NC code from software is simulated on the controller and the product is cut.

Developing A Procedure To Reduce Thermal Shock Influence In A Steam Turbine Due To Cold Start, Ching-Po Liu

Theses

An improved procedure is developed to reduce the thermal shock influence in a steam turbine due to a cold start operation. Thermal shock, a term used to describe the sudden imposition of a large heat flux and temperature gradient on a material surface, is a potential damage mechanism if its intensity is sufficiently high. For the case of a turbine cold start, the thermal shock intensity depends on the film coefficient and the initial temperature difference between the steam and the rotor surface. Reduction of thermal shock intensity can be achieved in several ways, such as lengthening the transit time. …

An Experimental Characterization Of The Tensile Behavior Of Polystyrene, Louis T. Loggi

Theses

The characterization of polymeric materials involves many different tests which often depend upon the ultimate environment for the end product. One important area for many engineering applications is that of mechanical testing. Although the evaluation of tensile properties ranks as the most common mechanical test, standard test methods can have serious shortcomings when applied to plastics. This work seeks to study test method variability by evaluating experimental data from uni -axial tension tests conducted on a typical high-impact polystyrene at room temperature. Two common methods will be used to obtain the strain data: extensometer transducer and foil strain gage. These …

Cview, A Graphical Program Generator For The C Programming Language, Walter E. Martin

Theses

The electronics industry has long been a user of graphical design aids. Graphical design tools for VLSI circuits are used to lay out the design, generate data structures for the simulation of the circuit and eventually produce the photomasks for the production of the chip. As such these tools form a working environment that allows an engineer to design, debug and produce a final product. Software design, in general, is still done by writing individual lines of code. At best a macro language or a meta-language will be available to ease the pain of detail coding. While these tools are …

Adaptive Arithmetic Data Compression: An Implementation Suitable For Noiseless Communication Channel Use, James E. Robinson

Theses

Noiseless data compression can provide important benefits in speed improvements and cost savings to computer communication. To be most effective, the compression process should be off-loaded from any processing CPU and be placed into a communication device. To operate transparently, It also should be adaptable to the data, operate in a single pass, and be able to perform at the communication link's speed. Compression methods are surveyed with emphasis given to how well they meet these criteria. In this thesis, a string matching statistical unit paired with arithmetic coding, is investigated in detail. It is implemented and optimized so that …

The Effect Of Laser Beam Cuts On The Strength Of Paper Edges, Bernard Pineaux

Theses

Some paper-mill rewinders use infra-red carbon dioxide laser heads to slit the web into rolls of given widths. However, despite certain advantages, laser slitters are not widely used mainly because of installation and operation costs.

Web breaks on a printing press cause both time and paper waste. Breakings occur because of defects in the edges of the web, such as notches or extra fibers, which offer less resitance to the high tensions existing during the printing of a web at high speed. Since paper edges are much cleaner when cut with an infra-red carbon dioxide laser than when cut with …

The Relationship Between Computer Interaction And Individual User Characteristics, Kathleen Lambert

Theses

Development of effective human computer interaction is being approached independently by two disciplines -- user interface design and computer aided instruction. The lack of communication between the two fields has left each separately pursuing different paths toward the same goals. This thesis attempts to bridge the gap between these two disciplines. An exploratory study was conducted to analyze whether user choices in a computer aided instruction environment and personality types as defined by the Myers-Briggs type indicator are related strongly enough to provide the basis for future user models. The results demonstrated that no single instructional strategy was preferred, implying …

A Modified Extended Kalman Filter As A Parameter Estimator For Linear Discrete-Time Systems, Bruno Johannes Schnekenburger

Theses

This thesis presents the derivation and implementation of a modified Extended Kalman Filter used for Joint state and parameter estimation of linear discrete-time systems operating in a, stochastic Gaussian environment. A novel derivation for the discrete-time Extended Kalman Filter is also presented. In order to eliminate the main deficiencies of the Extended Kalman Filter, which are divergence and biasedness of its estimates, the filter algorithm has been modified. The primary modifications are due to Ljung, who stated global convergence properties for the modified Extended Kalman Filter, when used as a parameter estimator for linear systems.

Implementation of this filter is …

Dataflow: Overview And Simulation, Steven I. Benjamin

Theses

The thesis project is a software simulation of the dataflow machine prototyped at the University of Manchester. It uses a dynamic token matching scheme based on the U-interpreter, and supports I-structures, an array-like data structure. An assembly language is provided for programming the simulator.

Suitability Of Expressive Therapy Methods With Preschool-Aged Flood Victims, Susan A. Gerhard

Theses

This project presents an expressive therapy program with preschool-aged victims of a natural disaster . Primary process level communication is discussed as the underlying mechanism in the expressive therapy process . The suitability of expressive therapy methods is examined through informal interviews with parents and teachers, observations by the program facilitator , and the products the children created . The expressive therapy procedure was shown to be suitable f o r this age group . The results which showed expressive therapy methods to be suitable with preschool-aged victims of a flood were that the children reacted to the expressive therapy …

Exploring The Public Administration Of Police/Security Interface, John Richard Carroll Rundel

Theses

Was there a relationship between local police control of private security and tension and misunderstanding between them? Did the above tension and misunderstanding interfere with positive police/ security interface? It was hypothesized that there was a relationship between local police control of private security, tension, and misunderstanding between them which interfered with positive police/security interface.

The central idea of this thesis was : tension and misunderstanding between police/security could be lessened or eliminated by the passage of uniform state legislation. One purpose of this paper was to provide food for thought and further research in contrast to providing definitive answers. …

Where Have All The Nurses Gone? The Continuing Saga Of The Nursing Shortage, Deborah R. Mcfarland

Theses

This paper examines the issues which have encompassed the nursing profession for many years, thus making it a difficult career in which to attract and retain members. The nursing shortage, many say, has returned, but did it really go away? The shortage experienced in the 1970's was coupled with high admission rates and high employee turnover causing a shortage of nurses, particularly experienced ones. Then, hospitals faced the emergence of the federal government making major changes in reimbursement to hospitals. This caused a major shift in the cash flow system of hospitals. Also, costs were no longer reimbursed on a …

A Synthesized Approach For Data Base Life Cycle Design, Philip J. Morales

Theses

This thesis examines the human and technological issues that are often encountered during the application-driven system design and recommends a synthesized life cycle approach to data base design. The aerospace industry is emphasized due to the highly competitive and regulatory operating environment. Special attention is given to the strategic business planning and end-user involvement in the requirements definition phase of system development. The research consists of reviewing of current literature concerning tools, techniques, and available Information Engineering (IE) methodologies that are the basis for managing data as a resource. The benefits offered by these methodologies along with the experience gained …