Digital Commons Network^™

Treatment, Ann Satterfield

Theses

None provided.

Analysis Of Random Halftone Dithering Using Second Order Statistics, Eran Steinberg

Theses

An analytical approach is proposed to explain the appearance of unwanted low frequency artifacts during the random dithering halftoning process. The solution uses a theorem which relates the correlation of the input gray level (continuous) signal to the correlation of the output (halftone) binary signal. The numerical solution of the above relationship suggests that: 1. Introduction of low frequency artifacts is inevitable. 2. The effect is enhanced for mean gray levels farther from mid-gray. 3. High frequency information in the input signal is attenuated more than low frequency information.

Threshold Modulation In 1-D Error Diffusion, Katrien Daels

Theses

Error diffusion (ED) is widely used in digital imaging as a binarization process which preserves fine detail and results in pleasant images. The process resembles the human visual system in that it exhibits an intrinsic edge enhancement An additional extrinsic edge enhancement can be controlled by varying the threshold. None of these characteristics has yet been fully explained due to the lack of a suitable mathematical model of the algorithm. The extrinsic sharpening introduced in 1-D error diffusion is the subject of this thesis. An available pulse density modulation(PDM) model generated from a frequency modulation is used to gain a …

Establishing A Bipolar Fabrication Service For Analog Circuit Realization At The Rochester Institute Of Technology, Andrew La Pietra

Theses

A bipolar fabrication service has been developed at the Rochester Institute of Technology to service students and faculty from the Microelectronic, Electrical and Computer Engineering departments wanting to realize designed integrated circuits. The fabrication technique combined Implanted N-Well and double diffusion processes. Phosphorous was implanted into a p-type substrate, oxidized for eight hours and diffused in nitrogen for another 40 hours to create isolated n-wells. Devices were then fabricated using a double diffusion process. The CAD tool used for the service is the Integrated Circuit Editor, ICE, which has campus wide accessibility through the RIT VAX system. Designed standard cells …

Simulation Of An Electrophotographic Halftone Reproduction, Alfonse Nazzaro

Theses

The robustness of three digital halftoning techniques are simulated for a hypothetical electrophotographic laser printer subjected to dynamic environmental conditions over a copy run of one thousand images. Mathematical electrophotographic models have primarily concentrated on solid area reproductions under time-invariant conditions. The models used in this study predict the behavior of complex image distributions at various stages in the electrophotographic process. The system model is divided into seven subsystems: Halftoning, Laser Exposure, Photoconductor Discharge, Toner Development, Transfer, Fusing, and Image Display. Spread functions associated with laser spot intensity, charge migration, and toner transfer and fusing are used to predict the …

Negative Feedback Control Of The Visual System And Systematic Color Vision Model, Yan Liu

Theses

This thesis presents a physiological hypothesis of a systematic negative feedback control mechanism of the human visual system and a corresponding systematic color vision model. This model is based on the physiological hypothesis of systematic negative-feedback control of the visual system and both the stage color vision theory and Land's theory. According to this systematic color vision model, the color vision is processed as described by the stage theory, the negative feedback of the visual system adjusts the sensitivities of the cone photoreceptors and controls the visual system to adapt to the visual surroundings . The dynamic ranges of relative …

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies Of The Behavior Of Fluids In Gelatin And Other Porous Materials, Brian J. Antalek

Theses

An application of magnetic resonance imaging to the study of the diffusion of water in gelatin and other materials is described. Gelatin was studied in great detail while plaster, balsa wood, and cement were studied to a lesser degree. Images of the materials at various stages of the diffusion process were recorded and analyzed. In order to properly interpret the imaging signal, the relationships between two intrinsic system parameters, Ti and T2, with the experimental parameters of the study need to be established. In the case of gelatin studies, Ti and T2 times were measured for gelatin samples varying in …

Electron-Bean Biased Reactive Evaporation Of Silicon, Silicon Oxides, And Silicon Nitrides, Jen-Yu Yeh

Theses

Silicon and silicon related films were deposited onto glass slides and silicon wafers by electron-beam evaporation of silicon in oxygen and nitrogen atmospheres. An ionizer consisting of a heated tungsten wire biased with a negative voltage enhanced the opportunity of reactive deposition. Substrate temperature, chamber pressure, deposition rate, and biasing voltage were the controlled variables. The film reactive indices were measured using spectro-photometry and ellipsometry to examine the effects of these four variables. The refractive index obtained from silicon films is 4.18-4.42 and the refractive indices for silicon oxides range from 1.57 to 3.93. No evidence of silicon nitride formation …

A Study On Mentorship Within The Appraisal Profession, Kenneth M. Jenkins

Theses

The purpose of the study of mentorship within the appraisal profession is to determine the extent and perceived value of any existing mentorship within the profession in the Northern Virginia area. Employees indicate that of those persons having mentors, they advance professionally and monetarily more rapidly than those employees who don't have mentors. The employees who have no mentors indicate that the system is unfair, in that, the mentored employees are better "taken care of" when it comes to promotions, project selection, and training.

The literature bears out the employee comments . Many articles have been written extolling the virtues …

The Bandwidth Allocation Of Atm Through Genetic Algorithm, Hong Pan

Theses

In this thesis, we develop an optimization method based on Genetic Algorithm to achieve the bandwidth allocation of ATM network. In Broadband Integrated Service Digital Network (BISDN), the Asynchronous Transfer Model (ATM) is already adopted as the transfer standard by CCITT. ATM is a high-bandwidth, low-delay, fast-packet switching and multiplexing technique. Using ATM technique, we can flexibly reconfigure the network and reassign the bandwidth to meet the requirement of all types of services. As an effective optimization method, Genetic Algorithm(GA) is applied to implement the bandwidth allocation of ATM. GA is a class of search algorithm based on the mechanics …

A Study Of Biological Dentrification Of Munition Wastes, Sonia R. Venugopal

Theses

Kinetics of denitrification were studied using a consortium from the Lawrence, Kansas municipal treatment plant. Experiments were conducted in the batch mode, under controlled oxygen and pH conditions. It was found that the Monod model can successfully perdict the experimental results of nitrate depletion. It was also found that when the pH is maintained at values between 7.0 and 8.5, nitrate can be treated in a batch mode without having any significant nitrite presence in the reactor. The experimentally determined kinetic parameters were used in preliminary calculations for sizing a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). An existing mathematical model for the …

Coexistence Of Three Pure And Simple Competitors In Four Interconnected Bioreactors, Ming Wu

Theses

It is known that a homogeneous environment having invariant inputs cannot allow for steady state coexistence of any number of pure and simple competitors. However, it has been proven that two pure and simple competitors can coexist at a steady state in two interconnected chemostats, if the conditions are such that they allow a different species to grow faster in each one of the two vessels. It has been also shown that three pure and simple competitors cannot coexist in three interconnected chemostats, even if the conditions are such that a different population could grow faster (have the competitive advantage) …

Analysis Of Chemical Contaminants In Tissue Samples From Two Species Of Fish, Michael David Reive

Theses

Interaction of marine species with chemical pollutants within the marine ecosystem is extremely complex and difficult to interpret. The purpose of this thesis was to investigate the effect of an exposure of treated municipal wastewater on winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus) and striped bass (Morone saxatilis). Fish from two locations were exposed to different concentrations of wastewater. Half of the fish from each tank were sacrificed, and the remaining fish were given a depuration period in unpolluted water. Tissue samples were composited, soxhlet extracted and passed through a florisil cleanup column. Gas chromatography, was used to analyze for hexachlorobenzene, hexachlorobutadiene, Aroclor …

Centrifugal Modeling Of Leaking Underground Storage Tanks, Kuo-Neng George Chang

Theses

There are between 2 to 3.5 million Underground Storage Tanks (UST) located through this nation. Most of these tanks store gasoline and fuel oil. Many tanks in fact are or will soon be leaking, thus making them one of the major sources of groundwater contamination in USA. The fate and transport of chemicals from the leaking USTs is estimated from mathematical models. A major difficulty in these modeling efforts has been a crucial lack of information concerning the constitutive relationships governing multiphase contaminant movement.

Centrifugal modeling is an alternative to mathematical modeling, which may give an insight to the problem …

A Multimode Index Detecting Sensor For Use In Plastic Concrete, Qiyu Chen

Theses

This thesis describes a microcomputer-based measuring system using a laser diode source, a fiber optic sensor and a microcomputer DMA interface to test and analyze the entrained percentage of air in concrete.

The principle of refraction and reflection of light in optical fibers is applied to detection of air bubbles. Reflected light intensity signals are detected and transferred through a DMA interface to a laptop computer. Analysis of reflected light intensity produces a measurement of the air content of fresh concrete. Accuracy of the system is evaluated through extensive laboratory and field trials.

Novel Way Of Sub-Carrier Coherent Detection And Clock Recovery In Fiber-Optic Communications, Narayan Gehlot

Theses

We experimentally demonstrate a novel concept for recovery of a Sub-Carrier and Timing Clock in fiber-optic communication systems using a Wavelength Division Multiplexing technique. The idea is to send a low radio frequency (RF) as a reference pilot from the transmitter to the receiver on a separate laser using the principle of Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM). This low frequency signal is taken to be a subharmonic of the subcarrier used to carry information and intensity modulate another laser. Such approach will be expected to generate at the receiver a local oscillator in high coherence with the subcarrier.

We show that …

Anaerobic Biological Treatment Of Incinerator Ash To Immobilize Toxic Metal Residues, Uma Parasar

Theses

In this study, a reliable and inexpensive method for biologically immobilizing toxic heavy metal residues present in very high concentrations in incinerator ash was developed. Desulfovibrzo, a genus of sulfate-reducing bacteria was cultured and treated with combined ash under anaerobic conditions. The carbon source, lactate, and the electron acceptor, sulfate, were provided to the cultures for their normal growth. Since the sulfate reducers utilize organic matter using sulfate as the oxidizing agent, sulfides are the corresponding end products of the reaction. Ash was added to well established cultures of desu f ovibrio. Immobilization of the heavy metals in the ash …

Dual Token Ring Lan Performance, Pratap S. Pasupuleti

Theses

A simulation model to analyze the performance of a dual token ring LAN is developed. The performance measures throughput, average packet delay and maximum delay per packet are obtained. System performance is analyzed for different loads, number of stations, and packet lengths. The performances of token ring LANs with a conventional structure and a dual ring structure are compared for both uniform packet sizes and a case with mixed packet sizes. In the uniform packet size case, the dual ring delays were lower at equivalent throughput because of propagation delay effects. In the mixed packet size case the maximum delays …

Gas Chromatographic Method For Determination Of 28 Volatile Organic Compounds Emitted From A Sewerage Plant, Yeming Sun

Theses

In this study, 28 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from the Linden Roselle Sewerage Authority Plant (LRSA) were monitered. The determination by gas chromatography (GC) is presented. This work emphasizes the collection of whole air samples, using a canister-based sampling system with cryogenic concentration. An appropriate temperature program was selected to obtain the best sample separation. The procedure for the identification of 28 standard gas mixture was achieved by comparing the chromatograms of sample with those of the specific groups of target compounds, as well as by comparing the sample with the results from GC Mass spectrometeric analysis. Because of …

Thermal Desorption Of Contaminated Soils, Hsi-Ming Sung

Theses

A new method by employing the heating probe for the in-situ cleanup of soils that are contaminated with volatile organic hazardous substances is explored. This investigation is a laboratory simulation that was aimed to evaluate the feasibility of desorption of volatile organic compoumds (VOCs) from soil, and to determine the efficiency of the heating probe for maximum desorption.

Two organic compounds, Trichloroethylene, Carbon tetrachloride, were selected as simulants. The experimental results demonstrate that the removal efficiency range from 97.65% to >99.95% of Trichloroethylene and 98.14% to >99.95% of Carbon tetrachloride can be recovered for a 24 hour interval with a …

Metamorphosis, Ching-Yuan Chang

Theses

None provided.

Restaurant Meal Cost Trends In Five Of The Top 100 United States Business Travel Cities, Rebecca J. Englehart

Theses

Not listed.

Identifying Rural Touristic Preferences: A Case Of Orleans County, Rene Corene Rhodey

Theses

Not listed.

Motorcoach Carrier And Motorcoach Tour Industry Reviews, A. Timothy Bock

Theses

Not listed.

Food Marketing Distribution: A Pilot Study Of Ardmore Farms, Michele Ann Musella

Theses

Ardmore Farms is one product group that in part comprises the Food-service Division of Quaker Oats Company. They produce portion-controlled, USDA approved citrus and fruit juices. The juice is produced by one plant located in Deland, Florida. It is then shipped throughout the United States via a fleet of more than 120 refrigerated trucks. in fiscal year 1990 Ardmore experienced a financial crunch due to a freeze in Florida. To counteract the negative financial effects of the freeze, Ardmore hastily raised their orices. This aggravated the food-service operators resulting in a "fallout" of Ardmore's customer base. Also many regional juice …

A Descriptive Study On Trekking Attributes In Nepal Using Importance-Performance Analysis, Pasi Ryhanen

Theses

Since the opening of its doors to the outside world, Nepal has seen a large growth in tourist arrivals. One of the fast growing tourist markets attracted to Nepal is the trekking vacationers. In order for the suppliers and decision makers of the trekking product to be able to meet the demand of users it is important that they are able to target the development in the appropriate direction. A lack of communication among the components of the tourism industry has resulted in a lack of cooperation. The purpose of this study is to develop an instrument that enhances communication …

Disposable Versus Reusable Ware: Cost Evaluation Model Development, Ravi Pandit

Theses

The ever growing problem of solid waste, stricter environmental regulations, diminishing landfill space and escalating recycling costs have forced the foodservice operations using disposable ware to find economical alternatives to the solid waste generated. A computerized model was developed that enables foodservice operators to evaluate the cost differences between the use of disposable ware and reusable ware and further make a decision as to which ware is suitable, economically and environmentally, for their operation. The cost evaluation model was based on the 1969 Laventhol & Horwath model developed for the Permanent Ware Institute Chicago, Illinois. The model consists of three …

A Case Study Of Formal Training Of The Front Desk Agent In Rochester/Monroe County, New York, Nicole Marisa Harley

Theses

The hospitality industry is a billion dollar industry based upon customer service. Measure of quality service is an intangible concept based upon the perception of the customer. It is the industry's front-line employee that has the responsibility of fulfilling the perceived image of service the guest has envisioned. In 1991, industries throughout the U.S. budgeted 43.2 billion dollars to be spent on formal training of its employees. The dollar commitment made to training exemplifies a companies commitment to its employees and customers. The formal training of the front desk agent bares the same commitment. In this study is was assumed …

Identification Of Patterns And Characteristics Dealing With Private, Public, And Corporate Philanthropic Agencies Which Support Hotel, Food, And Travel Related Programs, Jeffrey N. Rowoth

Theses

The objective of this paper is to examine and compare the extent of support given by philanthropic agencies in the United States to college programs offering undergraduate and graduate degrees in Hotel, Food, and Travel Management. A focused sample was asked about certain characteristics surrounding their giving patterns to determine if there was an even distribution of financial support. The findings show that there is a high correlation of support directed to four year B.S. programs in public and private colleges.

A Tourism Market/Rural Hub Analysis: The Case Of Genesee County, New York, Tammy L. Thompson

Theses

Tourism planning is essential for counties like Western New York's Genesee County. It provides the opportunity to maximize tourism potential, thereby increasing County revenues. This study analyzed tourism of Genesee County in 1990. Some of the major findings were the following: there was a strong market of tourism in Genesee County, not only coming from within New York State, but also surrounding states and Canada. There was also a strong tendency for visitors to go directly to the Northwest after their stay in the County. In general, the typical tourist to Genesee County was described by the following characteristics: was …