Digital Commons Network^™

A Computer Program For The Optimization Of Binary Distillation In A Dual-Column System, Richard Vincent O'Lenick

Theses

A computer program is presented for the optimization of a two-column distillation system involving a two-component mixture. The economic reflux ratios in each column are determined using the McCabe-Thiele Method. Activity coefficients are computed by either the Wilson equation, the Margules equation, or both. The program is general and may be used for any binary system where the assumption of constant molal overflow is valid.

Options in the program permit use of either column in separate calculation schemes.

While the optimization effort was prepared in general terms, the initial work was directed toward the acetone-water system. Full data for this …

Packed Column Simulation, Frederick W. Schmidt

Theses

The most difficult and time consuming aspect of the design of packed columns is the hydraulic part. If the designer wants to try many different conditions, many repetitive calculations will have to be performed. Also, some inaccuracy is incurred when trying to use the U.S. Stoneware curves. The graphs are hard to read and almost impossible to interpolate between the parametric lines. The purpose of the program is to give a more accurate calculation by using equations for the pressure drop lines, interpolating between them and correcting for gas density for each foot of packing. The program also allows changes …

The Application Of A Non-Newtonian Rheological Equation To Low-Density Polyethylene, Jeffrey N. Goldstein

Theses

A generalized non-Newtonian equation describing the rheology of molten thermoplastics is verified for low-density polyethylenes. The equation is extended to account for both rheological temperature dependency and polyethylene molecular weight dependency. The prediction of the rheology of new polyethylenes without additional experimentation is thus possible.

The Computer Evaluation Of The Natural Frequencies Of Vibrating Circular Plates With Free, Fixed And Simply Supported Edges, Thomas Michael Juliano

Theses

The natural frequencies of the transverse vibration of a thin, isotropic, circular plate with free, clamped, and simply supported edge conditions were studied extensively. The frequency equation for each edge condition was derived from the classical partial differential equation of plate vibration. These equations, which are in terms of Bessel functions, were then solved numerically to find the natural frequencies. Since the accuracy of the Bessel function values is very important in evaluating these frequencies, a comprehensive digital computer program was devised to calculate these values to eleven digit accuracy. In this Bessel function program four different methods were required …

The Optimization Of A Catalytic Methanol Reactor Using Quench Feed, John Paul Mcburney

Theses

The production of methanol in a catalytic quench feed reactor is studied by means of a computerized model and optimized in terms of total reactor length necessary to achieve a given production rate. The methanol reaction rate can be maximized in a quench reactor through the use of cold stream feeds along the length of reactor.

Since the methanol reaction temperature is restricted to an upper limit of 405°C, the addition of cold stream feed along the adiabatic reactor enables the desired conversion to be reached. For two given levels of conversion, 12% and 15%, an optimum inlet temperature, quench …

The Modulation Of Sine-Wave Gratings At Fourier And Fresnel Imaging Points, Donald Kingsley

Theses

When illuminated by a coherent light beam, a periodic object will be imaged in near-field space at predictable intervals. This phenomenon is termed self imaging. Recordings of the intensity distribution of sine-wave gratings were made at several positions behind the gratings. The modulation of the images was calculated and used as a predictor of distance from the grating. Positional accuracies of one part in one-hundred fifty-eight were obtained.

A Study Of The Effects Of The Addition Of Halogen On The Redox Potentials Of Several Sensitizing Dyes, Stephen Noland

Theses

Basic data are lacking in the literature concerning the reactivities of desensitizing dyes to Iodine, and concerning their redox potentials while undergoing such reactions. Such information may be useful in deciding on the mechanism of desensitization, since there is good evidence that the halogen liberated from an Iodobromide emulsion during photolysis is actually Iodine. Therefore, experiments were undertaken to measure the polarographic anodic potential of the first addition product of a series of thiacyanine dyes, if such a species existed. Also, preliminary experiments were undertaken to determine the relative reactivities of the dyes to molecular Iodine and Bromine while they …

The Design And Development Of A Professional Super-8 Movie Camera, Donald Simonini

Theses

None provided.

Contemporary Religious Graphic Design, Vlasta Paul

Theses

None provided.

Interference Coatings, Bruno Glavich

Theses

Not provided.

A Study Of Consumer Acceptance Of A No-Loss Credit Card Verification System, Dean Arlidge

Theses

This research study focuses upon Credit Cards and a proposed verification method to reduce the risk of fraudulent use. It is anticipated that the proliferation and growing use of credit cards will require the use of security concepts offering built-in point of use protection that is automatic and reliable. A suggested concept is the use of a combined electronic credit card and a memory device. The proposed verification technique combines a user electronic credit card and memory number along with a simple imprinter which would be operated by the person accepting the credit card. Credit cards have become a widely …

The Stability Of A Nonlinear, Time-Varying Control System, Joseph Connolly

Theses

This thesis investigates the stability of a class of nonlinear, time-varying control systems using the Second Method of Liapunov. A recent investigation of this subject was done by Dr. Z. V. Rekasius when he presented the sufficient conditions for stability for a feedback system containing a single nonlinear, time-varying element whose input-output characteristic is contained in a finite sector. This stability criterion developed by Dr. Rekasius is used to extend the region of stability for a class of nonlinear, time-varying systems represented by the equations ẋ = A x + b f(σ,t) σ = cTx where x is an n-vector …

An Investigation Into The Development Process Of Medical X-Ray Films, Alfred Knapp, Johnny Hovis

Theses

Correlation between the results of medical x-ray processing labs and the USA Standard for processing medical x-ray film is lacking at present. In order to correct this, a developer formulation will have to be devised to obtain in the experimental laboratory the same results that are obtained by the automatic x-ray processing machines that are presently being used. In an attempt to accomplish this, a factorial experiment was designed in which two levels of the following five factors were varied: metol, hydroquinone, potassium bromide, development time, and film (both rapid process types). The results from this factorial (tray processing) would …

Experimental Study In Systems Optimization Of An Ansco Model 4 Microdensitometer, George Orton, Mitchell Stevens

Theses

A research project was designed to repair and optimize the performance of a. prototype Ansco Model 4 Microdensitometer which had been inoperative for several years. Repairs were made in the start circuit of the control panel, lamp voltage control and the 2nd cut-in potentiometer to make the instrument operative. Calibrations and alignments were made and an apparatus was designed and implemented to facilitate lateral slit alignment. The original objective of optimization was not met due to insufficient time but the instrument was made operative and accurate to less than 2% over the 0-3.0 density range and 15% above 3.0. Recommendations …

A Comparison Study Of Resolving Power Targets, Robert Mericsko, Kent Collier

Theses

Five high contrast (greater than 100:1) reflection test targets were investigated. The taregts were: (1) USAF 1951, (2) NBS Microcopy, (3) DIN German Standard, (4) RIT, and (5) a Hexagonal test target. The targets .were photo graphed at a reduction of 21X using a microcopying camera. Evaluation of resolving powers was made by the two research partners; independently. Analysis of the resultant data involved' a comparison of resolving power averages and variations for each target type. It was concluded that the five resolving power- targets do not perform similarly over the region investigated. Consistent variability could not be obtained between …

Detection Of Developer By-Products Using The Schlieren Method, Stephen Kelly, Ralph Simon

Theses

A single-pass schlieren system, utilizing two 14 inch focal length lenses, has been developed for the purpose of demonstrating the feasibility of detecting and recording developer by-product flows from various photographic film/paper-developer combinations. The test samples studied were: Kodak Polycontrast F Paper in Kodak Developer, D-72 and Kodak Kodalith Contact Film in Kodak Developers D-11, Kodalith Super and Kodalith. The apparent amount of detectable flow varied greatly from test sample to test sample, but did not seem to show any significant shift in the pattern due to variations in the exposure conditions on the samples. Differences in the time of …

A Study Of The Holy As An Aesthetic Phenomenon, Thomas Raterman

Theses

Not provided.

Stoneware And Porcelain Fireplaces, Rick E. Flannery

Theses

None provided.

Window Paintings, John Ritson

Theses

None provided.

A New Technique For The Solution Of Free Convection Mass Transfer Boundary Value Problems, James Lewis Putman

Theses

Free convection mass transfer in boundary layer flow due to density difference in an isothermal model was studied. Previous work was examined and a quasilinearization technique was chosen to linearize the system of nonlinear partial differential equations resulting from the boundary layer continuity, momentum, and diffusion equations. This system of linear ordinary differential equations was solved by a computer program utilizing an iterative Gauss Jordan matrix solution technique. Results are presented and the convergence rate of the variables is plotted for each variable as a function of the distance from the boundary layer.

Rheology Of Asbestos Filled Polystyrene, Richard Henry Young

Theses

A capillary rheometer was used to generate data showing the volumetric flow rate at various pressures for a polystyrene resin and for an asbestos filled polystyrene. Variables evaluated were per cent asbestos and temperature. These data were then used to calculate the maximum shear stress at the capillary wall and the corresponding maximum velocity gradient (shear rate) at the capillary wall. A rheological equation containing three constants was employed to relate the shear stress to the shear rate. In addition, a simple relationship was found between the values of two of the constants and the per cent asbestos. There is …

The Effect Of Flow Rate And L/D Ratio On The Frequency Response Of Water Fluidized Beds, Arnold Ludke

Theses

In this investigation, the dynamics of a water fluidized bed with varying L/D ratio and flow rate were analyzed both theoretically and experimentally, and the results of the two were compared.

The theoretical analysis was based on the standard method of Laplace transforms and transfer function synthesis.

The experimental investigation was conducted using standard frequency response techniques.

The mathematical model used consisted of a series of non-interacting perfectly mixed cells plus a distance velocity lag.

At low flow rates (3 to 6 times minimum fluidization velocity) the experimental data (in the form of Bode plots) were found to be in …

"For A Better Zoo", Vincent Lupinetti

Theses

None provided.

Varying Contrast Of Ektacolor Paper By Rehalogenation Techniques, James Esser

Theses

By using rehalogenation techniques with Kodak Ektacolor paper, contrasts of nearly twice that produced by CP-5 processing were obtained. A metol-hydroquinone developer was used to produce a silver image which was rehaligenated and then developed in CP-5 developer to produce the colored image. By adding a restrainer to the MQ developer and then increasing development times, it was possible to produce a range of contrasts. Only slight changes in contrast were obtained by varying the MQ concentration. pH and development times at normal restrainer content. By reducing the color redevelopment time it was possible to reduce the contrast slightly.

The Reaction Products And The Kinetics Of The Reactions Between Hypochlorite Ions And Thiosulfate And Tetrathionate Ions, Thomas Dagon

Theses

The reaction products of the hypochlorite oxidation of both thiosulfate and tetrathionate solutions were determined. In addition, preliminary kinetic studies were made dealing with the alkaline chlorination of thiosulfate solutions and with the hypochlorination of tetrathionate solutions. In the latter case, a pH dependent induction period was observed.

An Active Fet Receiver Front End Mixer, Kenneth Voyce

Theses

In many recent receiver designs, the front-end mixer determines the receiver's sensitivity and its susceptibility to distortion from large input signals. Two balanced FET mixers are developed for such an application; a common source configuration and a common gate configuration. Each exhibits a range of 110 dB between the available input power necessary for 10 dB((S+N))/N sensitivity and the available input power of a two-tone signal which causes intermodulation products down 40 dB from the desired signals. An expression for the conversion transconductance of a junction FET used as a mixer is first derived from the device transfer characteristic equation. …

Genre Painting, Lydia Mugambi

Theses

None provided.

Experimental Investigation Of Submerged, Incompressible, Turbulent, Impinging Jets, David Tzeh-Hsian Lee

Theses

Measurements concerning various flow parameters of jets impinging on a smooth lucite plate and a heated metal plate have been carried out. In particular, it is shown that the potential core length of a jet is a function of the Reynolds number and of the jet diameter. It has also been demonstrated that impinging jets behave in many important respects like free jets, except in the immediate vicinity of the target plate.

The flow behavior in the wall jet zone was investigated experimentally, and a satisfactory agreement with the results of the previous investigators was found. The maximum velocity decay …

A Rheological Equation Of State For Blood At Low Shear Rates, Anatoly Dritschilo

Theses

In this work a new rheological equation of state is presented and its application to blood is studied. The equation considered is a linear combination of Newtonian and non-Newtonian contributions to the apparent viscosity. The general form of the equation is

 T_ij =-(A + Be^{-1/C|(.5)Δi/j:Δj/i|1/2})Δij

Data from the literature were used to test the equation by generating curves of measured torque (T/L) versus applied shear rate (Ω) that would characterize the behavior of blood at all red cell concentrations and all shear rates in the Gilinson, Dauwalter and Merrill viscometer. The constants for the equation were …

The Season Of Man, Karl Schantz

Theses

None provided.