Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics (578)
- Life Sciences (498)
- Biology (249)
- Earth Sciences (183)
- Plant Sciences (179)
-
- Plant Biology (178)
- Geology (139)
- Physics (128)
- Chemistry (118)
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (85)
- Environmental Sciences (79)
- Mathematics (75)
- Engineering (74)
- Hydrology (51)
- Microbiology (48)
- Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology (48)
- Medicine and Health Sciences (46)
- Public Health (42)
- Atmospheric Sciences (41)
- Electrical and Computer Engineering (33)
- Environmental Health (33)
- Food Science (33)
- Pharmacology, Toxicology and Environmental Health (33)
- Computer Sciences (32)
- Pharmacology (32)
- Toxicology (32)
- Materials Science and Engineering (31)
- Agriculture (24)
- Biochemistry (19)
- Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology (19)
- Keyword
-
- Physical Sciences (484)
- Biological Sciences (341)
- Mathematics and Computational Sciences (127)
- Tanzania (119)
- Heavy metals (26)
-
- Sediments (24)
- Lake Victoria (15)
- Pollution (15)
- Conservation (14)
- Dar es Salaam (13)
- Contamination (12)
- Adsorption (11)
- Diversity (9)
- Biogas (8)
- Fish (8)
- Forest (8)
- Maize (8)
- Tectonics (8)
- Antibacterial activity (7)
- Antimicrobial activity (7)
- Cytotoxicity (7)
- Malaria (7)
- Phytochemicals (7)
- Species diversity (7)
- Antimicrobial (6)
- Antioxidant (6)
- Climate change (6)
- Ecosystem (6)
- Fisheries (6)
- Pesticide residues (6)
- Publication Year
- File Type
Articles 781 - 810 of 1029
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Trophy Hunting And Trophy Size In Ugalla Game Reserve, Western Tanzania, P Wilfred
Trophy Hunting And Trophy Size In Ugalla Game Reserve, Western Tanzania, P Wilfred
Tanzania Journal of Science
The present paper explores trends and variations in trophy size among wildlife species hunted in the Ugalla Game Reserve (UGR) of western Tanzania, in relation to hunting success (animals shot species-1 quota-1). Data on trophy hunting from 2006 – 2010 were obtained from the UGR office in Tabora Region. Forty-seven species were targeted by trophy hunters. Hunting success differed significantly across the species (Generalised Linear Model [GLM] with a binomial error structure: deviance chi-square [X2] = 9.64, d.f. = 44, p<0.001). Twenty-eight species had trophy size measurements, but only 6 species had measurements taken consistently throughout the data period. Although most of the shot animals were above their minimum trophy size limits (official trophy limits below which animals could not be removed) there was significant variation among species (GLM with normal errors: F5,201 = 509.12, p<0.001). Time (years) had no significant effect on trophy size, but the trend over time in trophy size differed significantly among species (F5,194 = 5.42, p<0.001). Of the trophy species, greater kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros) had the largest mean trophy size, whereas warthog (Phacochoerus africanus) had the lowest trophy size and showed a considerable decline. The majority of the animals had trophy sizes hovering just above their minimum limits. This should be monitored rigorously to avoid removing large numbers of actively breeding animals.
Performance Of Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland For Domestic Wastewater Treatment, Jp Mairi, Tj Lyimo, Kn Njau
Performance Of Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland For Domestic Wastewater Treatment, Jp Mairi, Tj Lyimo, Kn Njau
Tanzania Journal of Science
Constructed wetlands (CW) have recently emerged as efficient technology for secondary treatment of wastewater in developing countries because of its low cost, ease operation, maintenance and generally good performance. At present there are a number of small scale units of CW for wastewater treatment in Tanzania but information on their performance is scarce. This study investigated the removal efficiency of fecal bacteria indicators, inorganic nutrients and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) from wastewater by a CW at the University of Dar es Salaam. The CW received wastewater from a primary facultative pond and was a monoculture system planted with Phragmites mauritianus …
Electrical Properties Of Dc Reactive Magnetron Sputtered Zno:Al Films From Optical Spectra, Pd Nsimama, Me Samiji
Electrical Properties Of Dc Reactive Magnetron Sputtered Zno:Al Films From Optical Spectra, Pd Nsimama, Me Samiji
Tanzania Journal of Science
Reactive direct current (DC) sputtered ZnO:Al films were prepared using the plasma emission monitoring (PEM) system. Films were deposited using PEM setpoints ranging from 50 to 80%. Transmittance and reflectance of the films were measured by using the UV-VIS-NIR Lambda 900 double beam spectrophotometer. The sheet resistance was measured using the four-point probe. Films optical spectra were fitted with the Drude model to determine their charge carrier concentration, mobility and the alternating current (AC) resistivity. The highest values of mobility and charge carrier concentration were 8.31cm2/Vs and 2.14 x 1021cm-3 respectively. The lowest value of the AC resistivity was given …
Wet Oxidation Of Maleic Acid By A Pumice Supported Copper (Ii) Shiff Base Catalyst, Jeg Mdoe, Raj Minja, L Daniel
Wet Oxidation Of Maleic Acid By A Pumice Supported Copper (Ii) Shiff Base Catalyst, Jeg Mdoe, Raj Minja, L Daniel
Tanzania Journal of Science
Pumice supported Cu (II) Schiff base catalysts were prepared by surface chemical modification followed by complexation with Cu (II) acetate. The resulting materials were characterised by Diffuse Reflectance Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (DRIFTS) to confirm the modification. The materials were tested in a wet oxidation of maleic acid using air or hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant. Results indicate that up to 80% degradation of maleic acid could be achieved in the presence of the catalyst using hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant. The degradation was found to depend on the type of oxidant, temperature and whether the parent pumice was acid pre-treated …
Ni Mineralization And Pge Characterization In The Kabanga And Luhuma Ni-Cu Sulfide Deposits, North West Tanzania, As Macheyeki
Ni Mineralization And Pge Characterization In The Kabanga And Luhuma Ni-Cu Sulfide Deposits, North West Tanzania, As Macheyeki
Tanzania Journal of Science
Nickel mineralization in the Kabanga sulfide ores is found associated with (1) peripheral veins in the country-rock metapelites, (2) contact type massive sulfide mineralization, and (3) disseminated and vein mineralization. This work, apart from giving general highlight of the Ni mineralization (and other associated elements) in the Kabanga and Luhuma, intends to assess the PGE content in both areas. Cores (mafic-ultramafic and metasedimentary rocks as well as ore sections) from both Kabanga and Luhuma areas were sampled, cut, crushed, pulverized and analyzed for both major and trace elements. Results show that all the Iridium Platimum Group Elements (IPGEs) have very …
Spatial-Temporal Variation In Sex Ratio And Group Size Of Ostriches (Struthio Namelus) In The Serengeti National Park And Environs In Northern Tanzania, Fj Magige
Tanzania Journal of Science
A study was conducted on variation in sex ratio and group size of ostriches (Struthio camelus) in Serengeti National Park and adjacent partially protected areas in northern Tanzania. Data were collected for two years (2005- 2006), along 388 km of roads. The two areas were compared with respect to ostrich sex ratio (male: female) and group size. Seasonal variation of these variables (sex ratio and group size) was also determined. Repetitive sampling showed an overall femaleskewed sex ratio, which was significantly different from unity. The sex ratio inside the National Park was also significantly skewed towards females, whereas that in …
Synthesis Of Organoamine-Silica Hybrids Using Cashew Nut Shell Liquid Components As Templates For The Catalysis Of A Model Henry Reaction, Sc Msigala, Jeg Mdoe
Synthesis Of Organoamine-Silica Hybrids Using Cashew Nut Shell Liquid Components As Templates For The Catalysis Of A Model Henry Reaction, Sc Msigala, Jeg Mdoe
Tanzania Journal of Science
Organoamine-silica hybrids were prepared by a co-condensation of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and different aminoalkoxysilanes, namely, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-(3(trimethoxysilyl)propyl)-ethylenediamine and 3[2(2-amino)ethylamino]propyl trimethoxysilane, at different ratios using cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) components as templates. Of the major components of CNSL tested, only cardanol was found to be efficient as a template as it yielded 66% of the hybrid. The prepared materials were characterized by diffuse reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Atomic Force Microscopy and acid titration. Results indicated that indeed the organoamine groups were attached onto the silica surface, with a maximum loading of 2.9 mmol organic group per g silica. The materials …
Environmental Status At Samunge Village (Tanzania) Following A Sharp Increase In Visitors, R Senzota
Environmental Status At Samunge Village (Tanzania) Following A Sharp Increase In Visitors, R Senzota
Tanzania Journal of Science
Starting early 2011, people from all over Tanzania, Africa and overseas flocked Samunge Village in northern Tanzania, to drink a cup of Carissa spinarum concoction claimed to treat diseases hitherto known to be incurable by conventional medicine including HIV-AIDS, hypertension and diabetes. The big number of visitors resulted into vivid environmental impacts including trampling on plants and animals, unplanned discarding of drink and food containers, haphazard sanitation undertakings and overall change in panorama. The present study made some quantification on environmental status in the village during the peak visitor days in March 2011. There was widespread trampling and denudation of …
Mg-Rich Metabasalts From The Southern Musoma –Mara Greenstone Belt: Possible Evidence For Mantle Plume Activity In The Tanzania Craton?, S Manya
Tanzania Journal of Science
Mg-rich metabasalts from the Simba Sirori to Majimoto segment of the southern Musoma-Mara greenstone belt are the most magnesian lavas reported in the Archaean Tanzania Craton. The lavas yielded a Sm-Nd isochron age of 2768 ± 38 Ma (MSWD = 1.2) and corresponding !Nd(2.7 Ga) values in the range of + 0.66 to + 2.81. The lavas exhibit high MgO contents of up to 16 wt %, Cr (140 – 1590 ppm), Ni (80 – 510 ppm), values which are higher than those of primitive NMORB, but are comparable with those of Archaean komatiitic basalts and modern oceanic plateau basalts. …
Human-Wildlife Interaction In Serengeti And Ngorongoro Districts Of Tanzania: A Case Study On Small Mammals, Fj Magige
Tanzania Journal of Science
In the Serengeti and Ngorongoro Districts, small mammals are said to provide protein and income to the local people. However, they are simultaneously reported to conflict with farming activities. These conflicting aspects have not been investigated there. The present article considers humansmall mammal interactions in six villages adjacent to the protected areas. Data were obtained through questionnaire administration to the local people in the districts. Small mammals were hunted in the two districts for food purposes and some villagers declared that they were earning income from selling small mammals products. Seventy percent of the respondents in Serengeti District claimed that …
Improving Propagation Success Of Dalbegia Melanoxylon (African Blackwood) In Tanzania (I): Characterization Of Mycorrhizal Associated With D. Melanoxylon (African Blackwood) In Tanzania, Wba Washa, Ams Nyomora, Hvm Lyaruu
Improving Propagation Success Of Dalbegia Melanoxylon (African Blackwood) In Tanzania (I): Characterization Of Mycorrhizal Associated With D. Melanoxylon (African Blackwood) In Tanzania, Wba Washa, Ams Nyomora, Hvm Lyaruu
Tanzania Journal of Science
Dalbergia melanoxylon is a plant with valuable wood in the world and therefore is over harvested for timber while its regeneration is very low. The propagation efforts by techniques such as tissue culture or mycorrhiza have not been investigated which instigated conduction of this study. Soil and cuttings were collected from Kilwa, Kilosa and Babati for rooting test, potting media and soil characterization. The results showed that fresh soil improved rooting characteristics while sterilized soil did not due to the presence of mycorrhiza in fresh soil compared to none in sterilized media. The overall rooting in fresh soil in non-mist …
Improving Propagation Success Of D. Melanoxylon (African Blackwood) In Tanzania (Ii): Rooting Ability Of Stem And Root Cuttings Of Dalbergia Melanoxylon (African Blackwood) In Response To Rooting Media Sterilization In Tanzania, Wba Washa, Ams Nyomora, Hvm Lyaruu
Improving Propagation Success Of D. Melanoxylon (African Blackwood) In Tanzania (Ii): Rooting Ability Of Stem And Root Cuttings Of Dalbergia Melanoxylon (African Blackwood) In Response To Rooting Media Sterilization In Tanzania, Wba Washa, Ams Nyomora, Hvm Lyaruu
Tanzania Journal of Science
Dalbergia melanoxylon is a plant with valuable wood in the world and therefore is over harvested for timber while its regeneration is very low. The propagation efforts by techniques such as tissue culture or mycorrhiza have not been investigated which instigated conduction of this study. Soil and cuttings were collected from Kilwa, Kilosa and Babati for rooting test, potting media and soil characterization. The results showed that fresh soil improved rooting characteristics while sterilized soil did not due to the presence of mycorrhiza in fresh soil compared to none in sterilized media. The overall rooting in fresh soil in non-mist …
The Influence Of Aliphatic Side Chain Of Anacardic Acid On Molecular Recognition Properties Of Imprinted Polymers, Jyn Philip, J Buchweishaija, Ll Mkayula, L Ye
The Influence Of Aliphatic Side Chain Of Anacardic Acid On Molecular Recognition Properties Of Imprinted Polymers, Jyn Philip, J Buchweishaija, Ll Mkayula, L Ye
Tanzania Journal of Science
The objective of this work was to determine the influence of the aliphatic side chain of anacardic acid on molecular recognition properties of imprinted polymers made from anacardanyl methacrylate (AnMcr). Salicylic methacrylate (SaMcr), a structural analog of AnMcr, was synthesized and used as a functional monomer to prepare imprinted polymers for comparison with AnMcr-based polymers. Using divinylbenzene (DVB) as a cross linker and racemic propranolol as a model template, irregular monolithic particles of poly(SaMcr-co-DVB)m were synthesized in toluene, and spherical beads of poly(SaMcr-co-DVB)b and poly(AnMcr-co-DVB)b weresynthesized in acetonitrile by precipitation polymerization. Although imprinted irregular monolithic particles, poly(SaMcr-co-DVB)m, tested in toluene …
Spectral Analysis Of Ground Magnetic Data In Magadi Area, Southern Kenya Rift, Jg Githiri, Jp Patel, Jo Barongo, Pk Karanja
Spectral Analysis Of Ground Magnetic Data In Magadi Area, Southern Kenya Rift, Jg Githiri, Jp Patel, Jo Barongo, Pk Karanja
Tanzania Journal of Science
The area surrounding Lake Magadi in the southern Kenya rift is characterized by hot springs that issue from fractures distributed along the shores of the lake. Presence of earthquake swarms that cluster in northern margin of Lake Magadi strongly indicate magmatic activity in the area. This study was done as a follow-up to investigate depth to the heat source possibly causing high seismic activity and high heat flow in the area. A ground magnetic survey was conducted to investigate geothermal potential of the area and a magnetic anomaly contour map prepared. Spectral analysis involving determining power spectrum was applied to …
Characterisation Of Rapeseed Oil Based Resins Using Infrared And Thermogravimetry Techniques, L. Y. Mwaikambo
Characterisation Of Rapeseed Oil Based Resins Using Infrared And Thermogravimetry Techniques, L. Y. Mwaikambo
Tanzania Journal of Science
Rapeseed oil which is a triglyceride had undergone chemical modification on its structure to obtain hydroxyl groups. The hydroxylated chemical structure was crosslinked using methylene-pphenyl diisocyanate to produce a thermoset rapeseed oil resin. The cross linking process was monitored in situ using the Attenuated Total Internal Reflectance Fourier Transform-Infrared spectroscopy and the thermogravimetric analysis techniques. The infrared technique was also used to monitor chemical groups of the unmodified rapeseed oil. A reduction of the absorption band around 3300 cm-1 which is due to the presence of hydroxyl groups was observed indicating the occurrence of the reaction between the hydroxylated rapeseed …
Landsat Remote Sensing Data As An Alternative Approach For Geological Mapping In Tanzania: A Case Study In The Rungwe Volcanic Province, South-Western Tanzania, E. E. Mshiu
Tanzania Journal of Science
Rungwe Volcanic Province (RVP) is mostly covered by extrusive rocks that overlain the Precambrian basement. The use of Landsat data in this area has revealed the need of effective use of these data in geological mapping programs in Tanzania. Landsat band ratios 5/1, 3/7, 5/7 and 5/4 as well as R: G: B composite images 7:4:1, 7:5:4, 1/3:5/7:3/5 and 4/5:6/7:4/6 played an important role in identifying different rock types in the study area. Ratio images managed clearly to distinguish between mafic and felsic rocks whereby two lithological blocks were identified, Block 1 covers a combination of intrusive and metamorphic rocks …
Growth Performance, Yields And Economic Benefits Of Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus And Kales Brassica Oleracea Cultured Under Vegetable-Fish Culture Integration, A. P. Shoko, A. Getabu, G. Mwayuli, Y. D. Mgaya
Growth Performance, Yields And Economic Benefits Of Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus And Kales Brassica Oleracea Cultured Under Vegetable-Fish Culture Integration, A. P. Shoko, A. Getabu, G. Mwayuli, Y. D. Mgaya
Tanzania Journal of Science
An experiment was conducted for 210 days to demonstrate the role of vegetable-fish culture integration in the growth, yields and economic benefits of fish and vegetables. Two 200 m2 earthen fishponds were stocked with Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus at 20,000 fish fingerlings per hectare. Pond A was fertilized with chicken manure and stocked fish fed on 35% crude protein supplementary diet referred to here as treated fish pond (TFP). Another fish pond was not fertilized and the fish stocked in it did not receive any supplementary diet referred to here as non treated fish pond (NTFP). Twelve vegetable plots of …
Variability In Parasites’ Community Structure And Composition In Cat Fish With Respect To Level Of Pollution In Mwanza Gulf, Lake Victoria, Tanzania, C. J. Mwita
Tanzania Journal of Science
This study investigated the composition and structure of the parasite communities in Cat fish with respect to levels of water pollution in Lake Victoria. A total of 1071 Clarias gariepinus with mean TL range of 19 to 27 cm were analyzed from three localities in Mwanza Gulf (Kirumba, 298 fish infected with 15 parasite species), Nyegezi (376 fish, with 15 parasites species) and Malimbe (397 fish, with 16 parasites species). Trematodes and nematodes dominated the population with six (35.3%) and five (29.4%) species, respectively. Mean species richness and heteroxenous/monoxenous ratio showed significant changes (Fr = 8.000; p = 0.0046), being …
Two Phase Heuristic Algorithm For The University Course Timetabling Problem: The Case Of University Of Dar Es Salaam, A. R. Mushi, A. R. Mushi
Two Phase Heuristic Algorithm For The University Course Timetabling Problem: The Case Of University Of Dar Es Salaam, A. R. Mushi, A. R. Mushi
Tanzania Journal of Science
University course timetabling is the problem of scheduling resources such as lecturers, courses, and rooms to a number of timeslots over a planning horizon, normally a week, while satisfying a number of problem-specific constraints. Since timetabling problems differ from one institution to another, this paper investigated the case of the University of Dar Es salaam, based on the combination of Simulated Annealing (SA), and steepest descent in a two-phase approach. Solutions have been generated which greatly outperform the manually generated ones. Furthermore, the method compares well with previous work on Tabu Search but with faster execution time and higher quality …
Petrography And Geochemistry Of Mafic Granulites Of The Ubendian Belt: Contribution To Insights Into The Lower Continental Crust Of The Paleoproterozoic, N. Boniface
Tanzania Journal of Science
Mafic granulites of the Ubendian Belt have geochemical signature, trace and REE patterns, similar to that of the lower continental crustal rocks. A SHRIMP U-Pb single zircon date at 1977±40 Ma indicates that these rocks belong to the Paleoproterozoic Ubendian orogenic cycle, which was followed by the Mesoproterozoic tectonic disturbance that contributed to their exhumation. Orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene, garnet, hornblende, plagioclase and quartz is a frequent mineral assemblage for the mafic granulites of the Ubendian Belt, and garnet frequently form corona between plagioclase and clinopyroxene. Geothermobarometric calculations have revealed the equilibration of these rocks at a temperature range between 650 and …
Contact Metamorphism In The Supracrustal Rocks Of The Sukumaland Greenstone Belt In The North West Tanzania, N. Boniface
Contact Metamorphism In The Supracrustal Rocks Of The Sukumaland Greenstone Belt In The North West Tanzania, N. Boniface
Tanzania Journal of Science
Biotite-granite intrusions in meta-ironstones at Geita Hills and the Bukoli alkali-granite intrusion in metabasites at Mawemeru area produced heat that baked the respective country rocks through epidote-amphibolite- to amphibolite-facies. Critical and informative mineral assemblages in the metairostones of Geita Hills are garnet-grunerite-epidote-quartz and garnetferrogedrite- biotite-quartz and in the metabasites of Mawemeru is ferrotschermakite-(Naplagioclase)- quartz. Peak temperatures ranging between 438°C and 544°C were calculated from the above mineral assemblages and a pressure not exceeding 3 kbar was inferred to from the composition of magnesium-iron amphiboles (grunerite with XFe ratio of 0.83, i.e. Gru83). Hornfels textures in the metaironstones are suggested by …
Identification Of Clay Minerals Of The Eastern Southern Region Of Lake Victoria By Ethylene Glycol And Heat: X-Ray Diffraction And Infrared Spectroscopy Studies, E. H. J. Lugwisha
Identification Of Clay Minerals Of The Eastern Southern Region Of Lake Victoria By Ethylene Glycol And Heat: X-Ray Diffraction And Infrared Spectroscopy Studies, E. H. J. Lugwisha
Tanzania Journal of Science
The effect of glycol and heat on some clay minerals of the eastern southern region of Lake Victoria in Tanzania has been studied. First, Whole Rock Powder mount XRD analysis was carried out at the measuring range 2 # ranging between 2o – 65o. Four non-clay minerals found in samples were Na-feldspar, K-feldspar, pyrope and quartz. Oriented clay mineral XRD analysis diffractograms were developed when the air-dried samples were diffracted in measuring range 2# between 2oo – 32o. Main clay mineral groups found in the samples were kaolinite, illite and montmorillonite. After glycolating the samples, it was evident that kaolinite …
Host-Parasites Relationship For Lake Victoria Clariid Fishes And Their Parasite Fauna, C. J. Mwita
Host-Parasites Relationship For Lake Victoria Clariid Fishes And Their Parasite Fauna, C. J. Mwita
Tanzania Journal of Science
Host-parasite co-evolutionary relationships for the clariid fish species of the Lake Victoria basin and their parasite fauna was inferred by cytochrome b gene and the 18S rDNA using ‘a strict coevolutionary’ constrained tree method, the results of which revealed a phylogenetic incongruence between the fish hosts and their parasite fauna. The present study further indicated that the sympatric association between the clariid hosts and non-clariid fishes in Lake Victoria makes it possible for the parasites to switch from one host to another and hence the large number of shared parasites observed. The specificity of some of the parasites, e.g. Diplostomum …
Implementation Of A Tabu Search Heuristic For The Examinations Timetabling Problem, A. R. Mushi
Implementation Of A Tabu Search Heuristic For The Examinations Timetabling Problem, A. R. Mushi
Tanzania Journal of Science
This paper reports on the design and implementation of an algorithm for the construction of an examinations timetable. The Examinations Timetabling Problem is the problem of assigning examinations and candidates to time periods and examination rooms while satisfying a set of specific constraints. Every University has a different set of constraints and structure of examinations. Generally, timetabling problems are NP-Hard and therefore very difficult to solve. However, they are of great interest due to their important practical application in educational institutions. This paper discusses a heuristic algorithm basing on the examinations timetabling at the University of Dar es salaam. The …
Anthropogenic Disturbance On The Vegetation In Makurunge Woodland, Bagamoyo District, Tanzania, C. Mligo, C. Mligo
Anthropogenic Disturbance On The Vegetation In Makurunge Woodland, Bagamoyo District, Tanzania, C. Mligo, C. Mligo
Tanzania Journal of Science
Makurunge woodland is part of the major vegetation component covering coastal forest landscape in Tanzania that has been severely affected by anthropogenic disturbance. The present study determined the effects of anthropogenic disturbance on biomass, diversity, plant communities and plant species distribution pattern using nested sample plots systematically established along transects. Six major vegetation communities with different biomass were found. Plant species diversity ranged from 2.5 to 3.3 and was high in scrub forests, riverine and thicketed habitats, although the difference among these habitats was not significant (P>0.05). About 61-90% of the woodland was affected and this influenced the plant …
Classification Of Plants According To Their Heavy Metal Content Around North Mara Gold Mine, Tanzania: Implication For Phytoremediation, N. Mganga, Mlk Manoko, Z. K. Rulangaranga
Classification Of Plants According To Their Heavy Metal Content Around North Mara Gold Mine, Tanzania: Implication For Phytoremediation, N. Mganga, Mlk Manoko, Z. K. Rulangaranga
Tanzania Journal of Science
Plants like other living organisms respond differently under different environmental conditions. An elevated level of heavy metals is one of the stresses which results into three classes of plants depending on their heavy metal content. The classes of plant species according to their accumulated heavy metals around North Mara Gold Mine were not known. To study such classes, a line transect of 700m long was established opposite the gold mine wastes. A total of eight sampling points were systematically established each after every 100m in that transect. Fifteen plant species were sampled; at least one species per sampling point. Approximately …
Evaluation Of Single-Step Steam Pyrolysis-Activated Carbons From Lesotho Agro-Forestry Residues, I. Hapazari, V. Ntuli, W. Parawira
Evaluation Of Single-Step Steam Pyrolysis-Activated Carbons From Lesotho Agro-Forestry Residues, I. Hapazari, V. Ntuli, W. Parawira
Tanzania Journal of Science
Activated carbon has been widely used worldwide as an effective filtration or adsorption material for removing biological and chemical contaminants from drinking water. The potential of producing activated carbon (AC) from local agroforestry residues by single-step steam pyrolysis processes was investigated. The research aims to promote innovative use of local raw materials and relatively low-cost techniques in production of activated carbon. Four varieties of activated carbons from four different agroforestry residues, pine (Pinus contorta) cones (PC), Abies (Abies cilicica) seeds (AS), maple (Acer ginnala) seeds (MS) and peach (Prunus persica) stones (PS), were prepared and evaluated. The ACs were evaluated …
Optimized Production Of Lignin Peroxidase, Manganese Peroxidase And Laccase In Submerged Cultures Of Trametes Trogii Using Various Growth Media Compositions, F. Patrick, G. Mtui, A. M. Mshandete, A. Kivaisi
Optimized Production Of Lignin Peroxidase, Manganese Peroxidase And Laccase In Submerged Cultures Of Trametes Trogii Using Various Growth Media Compositions, F. Patrick, G. Mtui, A. M. Mshandete, A. Kivaisi
Tanzania Journal of Science
A white-rot fungus, Trametes trogii, was isolated from coastal Tanzania and screened for crude lignolytic enzymes production using Rhemazol Brilliant blue R (RBBR) dye, 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline)-6-sulfonate (ABTS) and guaiacol in a semi-solid medium. Lignin peroxidase (LiP), manganese peroxidase (MnP) and Laccase (Lac) were detected by pyrogallol and !- napthol solutions, respectively on the guaiacol supplemented solid media. The effect of temperature, pH, carbon, nitrogen, Cu2+, 2,5-xylidine, ferulic acid, varatryl alcohol and Mn2+ in submerged culture fermentations were investigated for maximum enzymes production. After 7 days of incubation, 72-100% oxidation of RBBR, ABTS and guaiacol was observed. With optimized culture conditions, …
Effects Of Mulching, Fertilizer, Seeding And Seedling Treatments On Plant Species Recovery In Kondoa Irangi Hills, Tanzania, H. V. M. Lyaruu
Effects Of Mulching, Fertilizer, Seeding And Seedling Treatments On Plant Species Recovery In Kondoa Irangi Hills, Tanzania, H. V. M. Lyaruu
Tanzania Journal of Science
Fertilization, mulching, imported seed bank seeding and seedlings were applied to triplicates of 1m x1m plots at Chakwe and Gubali sites in Kondoa Irangi Hills, Tanzania. Responses tested were seedling recruitment, species turnover, species’ biomass, mortality of seedlings, total number of perennial and woody species recruited and leguminous species. There were high significant correlations of 0.85 and 0.87 between seedling recruitment and mortality in both sites, indicating that other factors, probably aridity, rather than prevailing site conditions were likely to be important determinants of mortality. Inorganic fertilization was not an efficient means of improving short-term productivity, seedling recruitment or increased …
Phylogenetic Relationships Of The Metazoan Parasites Of The Clariid Fishes Of Lake Victoria Inferred From Partial 18s Rdna Sequences, C. J. Mwita, G. Nkwengulila
Phylogenetic Relationships Of The Metazoan Parasites Of The Clariid Fishes Of Lake Victoria Inferred From Partial 18s Rdna Sequences, C. J. Mwita, G. Nkwengulila
Tanzania Journal of Science
Phylogenetic relationships among twenty two metazoan parasites recovered from seven species of clariid fish from Lake Victoria were analysed using partial 18S rDNA sequences. The 18S rDNA gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction, directly sequenced, aligned and phylogenies inferred using maximum parsimony. Heuristic bootstrap MP searches yielded one most parsimonious tree (CI = 61%, HI = 39%), which showed that clariid parasites are monophyletic at higher taxonomic levels (Cestodea, Nematodea, Digenea and Crustacea). However the position of two trematodes (Allocredium mazoensis and Clinostomum sp.) and a nematode (Contracaecum sp.) were not stable. Despite the present findings, the study utilised …