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Articles 751 - 780 of 1029
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Indigenous Tree Uses, Use-Values And Impact Of Human Population On Forest Size, Structure And Species Richness In Uluguru, Morogoro, Tanzania, David Sylvester Kacholi
Indigenous Tree Uses, Use-Values And Impact Of Human Population On Forest Size, Structure And Species Richness In Uluguru, Morogoro, Tanzania, David Sylvester Kacholi
Tanzania Journal of Science
This study assessed tree uses and use-values as well as impacts of human population on the forest size, species richness, basal area and stand density in the Uluguru forests in Morogoro Region. Interview with locals on the tree uses were done using structured questionnaires and use-value analysis techniques were used in analysing data. Trees with a diameter at breast height ≥ 10 cm measured at 1.3 m above the ground were sampled from a total of 114 plots of 20 m x 20 m (0.04 ha) from the seven forests. A total of 42 species belonging to 20 families were …
Prerequisites For Biocrops Up-Scaling I: An Assessment Of Seed Propagation Of Oilferous Plant Species With Potential For Biodiesel Production, Agnes Ms Nyomora, Esther P Masomhe
Prerequisites For Biocrops Up-Scaling I: An Assessment Of Seed Propagation Of Oilferous Plant Species With Potential For Biodiesel Production, Agnes Ms Nyomora, Esther P Masomhe
Tanzania Journal of Science
This study assessed the propagation of non- edible oil plant species with potential for biodiesel production on 4 potting media forest, sandy, clay and loamy soil using seeds. Investigation was based on assessment of seed germination capacity, rooting ability and seedling growth rate of six selected plant species Telfairia pedata, Jatropha curcas, Excoecaria bussei, Croton macrostachyus, Croton megalocarpus and Ricinus communis. Completely randomized design (CRD) was adopted for this study using 10 seeds per plot (5L capacity pots) with 4 replications. An ANOVA was conducted to test for the significance of the treatments while Tukey-Kramer Multiple Comparisons test was used …
Prerequisites For Biocrops Up-Scaling Ii: An Assessment Of The Vegetative Method Of Propagation For Oilferous Plant Species With Potential For Biodiesel Production, Agnes Ms Nyomora
Tanzania Journal of Science
The rooting ability of hardwood cuttings from six selected non- edible oilferous plant species with potential for biodiesel production namely Telfairia pedata, Jatropha curcas, Excoecaria bussei, Croton macrostachyus, Croton megalocarpus and Ricinus communis was assessed on 4 different potting media i.e. forest top soil, sandy, clay and loamy soil. The proportion of cuttings that rooted were evaluated for the root numbers, root length, root dry weight, sprouting and callus formation. Complete randomized design (CRD) was adopted for the experiments and each of the species was replicated 4 times using 5 hardwood cuttings per plot (5 L capacity pots). An ANOVA …
Formation Of Cell Masses In The Myelencephalon Of The Clawed Frog, Xenopus Muelleri, Flora Stephano
Formation Of Cell Masses In The Myelencephalon Of The Clawed Frog, Xenopus Muelleri, Flora Stephano
Tanzania Journal of Science
An important process in the organization of developing nervous system is the clustering of neurons with similar properties to form nuclei. The development of myelencephalon of Xenopus muelleri, a pipid frog that retains a lateral line system throughout life, was studied in Nissl stained serial sections. The results showed that density of neurons increases as the animal develops. Cell masses were formed in the latter half of larval stages (stage 48 to 59). Large neurons migrate first before small neurons. Raphes and reticular formation nuclei and Mauthner cells were the earliest neurons that could be distinctly recognized on the ventral …
Synthesis And Physico-Chemical Studies Of Azo Dyes From Anacardic Acid, An Inexpensive Renewable Resource, John Mkungu, Quintino Mgani, Stephen Mdachi
Synthesis And Physico-Chemical Studies Of Azo Dyes From Anacardic Acid, An Inexpensive Renewable Resource, John Mkungu, Quintino Mgani, Stephen Mdachi
Tanzania Journal of Science
(3AP) and 4-aminophenol (4AP) with both unsaturated (UA) and saturated (SA) anacardic acidsand the calcium salt (CA) of the unsaturated acid. The six prepared dyes are, thus, given theacronyms 3APSA, 3APUA, 3APCA, 4APSA, 4APUA, and 4APCA depending on the source of thediazonium salt and the form of anacardic acid used. The dyes were characterized using UV-Visand FT-IR spectroscopic techniques. The UV-Vis absorption spectra of the dyes were found tohave maximum peaks at 520 nm for the dyes of 3AP origin and at 295 nm for the dyes of 4APorigin. The FT-IR spectra for the dyes indicated presence of the azo …
Antimycobacterial And Cytotoxicity Evaluation Of The Constituents Of Monodora Carolinae, Nyangi Magori, Stephen S Nyandoro, Joan Je Munissi, Matthias Heydenreich
Antimycobacterial And Cytotoxicity Evaluation Of The Constituents Of Monodora Carolinae, Nyangi Magori, Stephen S Nyandoro, Joan Je Munissi, Matthias Heydenreich
Tanzania Journal of Science
Phytochemical investigation of the stem bark of the recently described species Monodora carolinae (Annonaceae) afforded prenylindole derivatives (E)-4-(1H-indol-6-yl)-but-3-en-2-one (1), 5-formylindole (2), fatty acid (Z)-hexade-7-enoic acid (3) and the lignanamide cannabisin B (4). The structures of the isolated compounds were established using NMR and MS analyses. The antimycobacterial activities of the extracts and isolated compounds were evaluated against Mycobacterium madagascariense (MM) and M. indicus pranii (MIP) using the two-fold microtitre dilution method. While the extracts exhibited minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 500 – 1000 µg/mL, the isolated compounds were 125 – 250 µg/mL, indicating very low activity. Cytotoxic effects were …
Population Dynamics Of Pseudo-Nitzschia Species (Bacillariophyceae) In The Near Shore Waters Of Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Charles Lugomela
Population Dynamics Of Pseudo-Nitzschia Species (Bacillariophyceae) In The Near Shore Waters Of Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Charles Lugomela
Tanzania Journal of Science
The genus Pseudo-nitzschia is a chain-forming diatom comprising about 30 species some of which are known to produce domoic acid (DA) that causes amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP). The current study aimed at assessing the population dynamics of Pseudo-nitzschia in the near shore waters of Dar es Salaam. Samples were collected between August 2008 and July 2009 from two stations. The first station was located in the open waters off Mbudya Island and the second was located at a point in-between Kunduchi and Mbudya Island. Three Pseudo-nitzschia species, i.e., Pseudo-nitzschia pungens, Pseudo-nitzschia seriata and Pseudo-nitzschia cuspidata were encountered with Pseudo-nitzschia pungens …
Current Status And Future Perspectives Of Bioinformatics In Tanzania, Sylvester L. Lyantagaye
Current Status And Future Perspectives Of Bioinformatics In Tanzania, Sylvester L. Lyantagaye
Tanzania Journal of Science
The main bottleneck in advancing genomics in present times is the lack of expertise in using bioinformatics tools and approaches for data mining in raw DNA sequences generated by modern high throughput technologies such as next generation sequencing. Although bioinformatics has been making major progress and contributing to the development in the rest of the world, it has still not yet fully integrated the tertiary education and research sector in Tanzania. This review aims to introduce a summary of recent achievements, trends and success stories of application of bioinformatics in biotechnology. The applications of bioinformatics in the fields such as …
Salt Lakes Of The African Rift System: A Valuable Research Opportunity For Insight Into Nature’S Concenrtated Multi-Electrolyte Science, Jyn Philip, Dms Mosha
Salt Lakes Of The African Rift System: A Valuable Research Opportunity For Insight Into Nature’S Concenrtated Multi-Electrolyte Science, Jyn Philip, Dms Mosha
Tanzania Journal of Science
The Tanzanian rift system salt lakes present significant cultural, ecological, recreational and economical values. Beyond the wealth of minerals, resources of these rift salt lakes include unique wildlife, for instance Lesser Flamingo (Phoenicopterus minor) and Cichlids (Alcolapia spp), which adapted chemically aggressive environments like that of Lake Natron. The general hydrochemical equilibria of these salt lakes is governed by Na+ > K+ >> Ca2+ ~ Mg2+ : (CO32- + HCO3-) > Cl- > SO42-~ F- ionic concentration pattern. Salt accumulation mechanism in these endorheic lakes is considered to base on thermo-mechanical disintegrative stress of the geochemistry sourcing. The rains chemically interact with rift terrains, …
Determination Of Lipophilic Extractives In Ionic Liquid Extracts Of Eucalyptus Pulp By Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry, Kf Kilulyaa, Tam , Msagati, Bb , Mamba, Jc Ngila, T Bush
Determination Of Lipophilic Extractives In Ionic Liquid Extracts Of Eucalyptus Pulp By Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry, Kf Kilulyaa, Tam , Msagati, Bb , Mamba, Jc Ngila, T Bush
Tanzania Journal of Science
Lipophilic wood extractives composition is currently a big concern of pulp and paper industries as well as for the environmentalists due to their negative impacts on the quality of pulp and the environment. Because of the shortcomings of different extraction procedures using volatile organic solvents in capturing residual lipophilic extractives in pulp, this study reports on the use of ionic liquids as an effective approach for such extraction. The capacity of two ionic liquids; 1- butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride to recover wood extractives was compared and it was observed that ionic liquid with chloride anion recovered a higher amount …
Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Technology: A Powerful, Generic, Facile And Cost Effective Alternative For Enantio-Recognition And Separation: A Glance At Advances And Applications, Jyn Philip, Dms Mosha
Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Technology: A Powerful, Generic, Facile And Cost Effective Alternative For Enantio-Recognition And Separation: A Glance At Advances And Applications, Jyn Philip, Dms Mosha
Tanzania Journal of Science
The emerging Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (MIP) technology has yielded proof of concept, harnessing nature’s fundamentals to yield recognition receptor mimics from the miniaturized basics, borrowing on the ground rules, but conveniently avoiding the complexity, fragility, instability, costs and ethics of animal based bio-affinity matrices. Thus, the impact of bio-sciences on the future of technology is not via direct use of the molecules, but rather the lessons learned. Molecular imprinting is a powerful specialty representing the generic, cost effective and facile alternative for preparation of synthetic custom-tailored receptors. It achieves this via creation of specific selective recognition sites for a pre-determined …
New Glucopyranosylglyceryl-N-Octenyl Adipate And Bioactivity Of Retro And Condensed Chalcones From Toussaintia Orientalis, Ss Nyandoro, Mhh , Nkunya, Cc Josepha, Jo Odalo, I Sattler
New Glucopyranosylglyceryl-N-Octenyl Adipate And Bioactivity Of Retro And Condensed Chalcones From Toussaintia Orientalis, Ss Nyandoro, Mhh , Nkunya, Cc Josepha, Jo Odalo, I Sattler
Tanzania Journal of Science
1-(3-β-D-Glucopyranosylglycer-2-yl)-6-N-(oct-2-enyl)-adipate, [orientalin, 1] was isolated as a new metabolite from the polar leaf extracts of Toussaintia orientalis Verdc (Annonaceae), together with the glycoflavonoids afzelin and quercitrin, and the indolidinoids toussaintines A-C. The reversed chalcones 2-hydroxy-3,4,6-trimethoxychalcone (2) and 2-hydroxy-3,4,6- trimethoxydihydrochalcone (3), the condensed chalcone (+)-6a,12a-dihydro-6-phenyl-7-styryl- 6H,7H-[1]benzopyrano[4,3-][l]benzopyran (4), and mixtures of known triterpenoids and steroids were isolated from the less polar extracts of the root and stem bark of the same plant. The structures were established upon detailed analysis of spectroscopic data and other physical parameters. The chalcones exhibited antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative and cytotoxic activity at varying efficacy levels, the reversed chalcone …
Theoretical Study Of Physiochemical Properties Of Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1, A Ilkhani
Theoretical Study Of Physiochemical Properties Of Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1, A Ilkhani
Tanzania Journal of Science
The computational approach to studying structural changes in a wide range of physical and biological problems, the empirical force fields, have great difficulty in simulating folding of Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1). In an effort to understand the conformational preferences that may be attributed to stereoelectronic effects, a number of computational studies were carried out. Monte Carlo, Molecular Dynamics and Langevin simulation methods by MM+, AMBER and OPLS force fields of calculations have been performed on IGF-1 as growth factors. The parameters of a minimized structure of IGF-1, calculated potential energy for important dihedral angles and the effect of temperature …
Probing The Cob(Ii)Alamin Cond Uctorhhypothesis With Glutamate Mutase From Clostridium Cochlearium, Fe Lyatuu, A Parthasarathy, K Zhou, K Zelenka, Fh Zelder, W Buckel
Probing The Cob(Ii)Alamin Cond Uctorhhypothesis With Glutamate Mutase From Clostridium Cochlearium, Fe Lyatuu, A Parthasarathy, K Zhou, K Zelenka, Fh Zelder, W Buckel
Tanzania Journal of Science
It had been proposed that during reversible coenzyme B12 dependent rearrangements, cob(II)alamin is not merely present as a spectator but also acts as a conductor by stabilizing the methylene radical intermediates. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations suggested a hydrogen bond between C19-H of the corrin ring and the 3'-OH moiety (O3RL) of the 5'- deoxyadenosyl radical resulting in a decrease of the activation energy by about 30 kJ mol-1. We tested this hypothesis with glutamate mutase and artificial coenzyme B12 derivatives. The assembly of coenzyme B12 (adenosylcobalamin) with recombinant components GlmS and GlmE of glutamate mutase from Clostridium cochlearium reconstitutes …
Effects Of Temperature On The Physicochemical Properties Of Traditionally Processed Vegetable Oils And Their Blends, Fn Ngassapa, Ss Nyandoroa, Tr Mwaisaka
Effects Of Temperature On The Physicochemical Properties Of Traditionally Processed Vegetable Oils And Their Blends, Fn Ngassapa, Ss Nyandoroa, Tr Mwaisaka
Tanzania Journal of Science
The quality and stability of traditionally processed palm, sunflower and sesame oils and their blends as affected by temperature were evaluated by analyzing their physicochemical properties which included acid, saponification, peroxide, iodine values and refractive indices.. The initial quality of traditionally processed oils studied was found to be within the specifications of TZS and Codex requirements. The results further indicate that the quality of both unblended and blended traditionally processed vegetable oils deteriorate significantly at elevated temperatures (p < 0.05). However, the blends showed relatively better quality and stability than the unblended ones whereby the formulations of palm oil (PO) and sesame oil (SSO) appeared to be more stable than those of PO and sunflower oil (SO). This work suggests that blending of traditionally processed PO, SO and SSO improves the quality and stability of these oils.
Comparison Of Chemical Nano Structure, Rheological And Mechanical Properties Of Long Oil Alkyd Resin Synthesized Using Polybasic Acids Catalyst, Ar Ilkhani
Tanzania Journal of Science
In this research, chemical nano structures, rheological and mechanical properties of long oil alkyd resin which was synthesized using different polybasic acid catalysts have been studied. These catalyst were phosphoric acid, 1,2,4-benzene tricarboxylic acid and succinic acid. The new compounds were compared with reference formula of long oil alkyd resin. For this idea, same formula of clear air drying varnishes were prepared based on different long oil resins which have been synthesized using different catalysts and reference long oil alkyd resin. FTIR spectroscopy was employed to investigate the nano chemical structures of the resins and varnishes. The rheological properties of …
Evaluation Of Patterns And Spatial Trends Of Pesticide Residues From Vikuge Farm, Coast Region, Tanzania By Principal Components Analysis, Kf Kilulya, Gs Mhinzi
Evaluation Of Patterns And Spatial Trends Of Pesticide Residues From Vikuge Farm, Coast Region, Tanzania By Principal Components Analysis, Kf Kilulya, Gs Mhinzi
Tanzania Journal of Science
This paper reports on the analysis of organochlorine pesticides pollution data obtained from samples collected from Vikuge farm, Coast Region, Tanzania between 2000 and 2003 by principal component analysis (PCA). PCA of the data sets for pesticide residues in water, soil and sediments samples from Vikuge has shown that the obsolete pesticides dumped at Vikuge pasture farm for a number of years undergo degradation with time and the distribution pattern of the pesticides in the three environments is similar. Strong outliers were also identified in the data by the use of PCA score plots. Further analysis of the data by …
Biorecognition Ability Of Polysaccharides As Piezo Quartz Biosensors, En Kalmykova, Ca Mgina
Biorecognition Ability Of Polysaccharides As Piezo Quartz Biosensors, En Kalmykova, Ca Mgina
Tanzania Journal of Science
Piezoquartz biosensors (PQB) which are analytical devices for recognition of biochemical interactions have recently attracted increasing interest from different researchers such as analysts, immune-chemists, medical doctors, environmentalists, etc. This is due to the advantages of PQB for having high detection sensitivity (at ng and mg level depending on the mass of sorbates or micro-organisms) and the ability to monitor biochemical reactions in turbid or highly coloured liquids (including in biological fluids) in real time. The use of additional markers and preliminary sample preparation are not required in this biorecognition process. This paper reports on the principle of the PQB and …
Composition Of Non Volatile Oils And Antimicrobial Activities Of Extracts From Monanthotaxis Discolor, And An Undescribed Uvariondedron Species, Ds Parmena, Ca Mgina, Cc Joseph
Composition Of Non Volatile Oils And Antimicrobial Activities Of Extracts From Monanthotaxis Discolor, And An Undescribed Uvariondedron Species, Ds Parmena, Ca Mgina, Cc Joseph
Tanzania Journal of Science
The chemical compositions of non volatile oil extracts from two Annoneceous plant species Monanthotaxis discolor and an undescribed Uvariodendron species which are endemic to Eastern Arc Mountains, Tanzania were determined by GC-MS. The biological activities of extracts and fractionated samples were also determined. Both methanol and dichloromethane extracts of the root bark of M. discolor showed mild antimicrobial activity and had positive brine shrimp test (BST). The BST test for dichloromethane extract of M. discolor root bark were LC50 41.794 μg/ml and that of methanol extract showed LC50 13.560 μg/ml. The petroleum ether and dichloromethane extracts of root bark of …
Polyphenoloxidase And Perioxidase Activity During Open Air Ripening Storage Of Pineapple (Ananas Comosus L.), Mango (Mangifera Indica) And Papaya (Carica Papaya) Fruits Grown In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Oc Othman
Tanzania Journal of Science
Polyphenoloxidase (PPO) and perioxidase (POD), the enzymes responsible for causing browning and change in texture and flavor of fruits and vegetables, were extracted and measured in harvested mature pineapple (Ananas comosus L.), mango (Mangifera indica) (Viringe and Dodo varieties) and papaya (Carica papaya) fruits during off vine, open air, room temperature ripening storage. The initial (at harvest) average PPO activity values in Δ Optical Density (OD) per minute per cm3 of enzyme solution were 0.00074, 0.00083 and 0.0010 for early, mid and late season pineapple fruits respectively. The initial average PPO activity values in ΔOD/min/ cm3 of enzyme solution were …
Uvarisesquiterpene D: A New Benzopyranyl Sesquiterpene Isolated From Uvaria Lucida Ssp. Lucida, Qa Mgani
Uvarisesquiterpene D: A New Benzopyranyl Sesquiterpene Isolated From Uvaria Lucida Ssp. Lucida, Qa Mgani
Tanzania Journal of Science
Hitherto unreported benzopyranyl sesquiterpene, uvarisesquiterpene D, has been isolated from the stem bark of Uvaria lucida ssp lucida. Its structure had been elucidated by spectroscopic analysis (IR, MS and NMR) and comparison of its spectral data with the known related compounds uvarisesquiterpene B and selin-11(12)-4α-ol. The latter compound was co-isolated with the new natural product as well as caryophyline oxide and lucidine.
Status Of Pesticides And Degradation Products In Soil After Clean-Up Of Stockpiles And Treatment With Sodium Hydroxide At A Former Storage Site In Korogwe, Tanzania, Jam Mahugija
Tanzania Journal of Science
The status of pesticide residues in soil samples collected from a former storage site one year after clean-up of stockpiles and treatment with NaOH was investigated. The analytes were extracted from samples by pressurized fluid extraction using n-hexane:acetone (75:25) mixture. Clean-up of extracts was conducted by using silica gel and alumina with 3% H2O and the extracts were eluted with hexane:dichloromethane (1:1). Extra clean-up was performed through C18 SPE cartridges using acetonitrile as the eluting solvent. Labelled internal standards were used for identification and quantification. Analysis of the analytes was performed using a high resolution GC–MS. The dominant contaminants detected …
Activity Of Enzyme Trypsin Immobilized Onto Macroporous Poly(Epoxy-Acrylamide) Cryogel, W Johnson, Ymm Makame
Activity Of Enzyme Trypsin Immobilized Onto Macroporous Poly(Epoxy-Acrylamide) Cryogel, W Johnson, Ymm Makame
Tanzania Journal of Science
Bovine pancreatic trypsin has been covalently immobilized onto monolithic polyacrylamide cryogels with epoxy functionality (Epoxy-MPAAGs). The covalent immobilization of trypsin onto Epoxy-MPAAGs was achieved through incorporation of ethylenediamine-glutaraldehyde spacers on the cryogels’ surfaces. The immobilization yield and the influence of pH and temperature conditions on the activity of the immobilized trypsin were assessed by using the hydrolysis of a low molecular weight substrate, N-α-benzoyl-D, L-arginine-p-nitroanilide (BAPNA). Optimal pH and temperature values of 9 and 50 °C, respectively, were established for both the immobilized trypsin and the free trypsin. Activity measurements from the native trypsin before immobilization and the residual free …
Computational Chemistry Capacity Building In An Underprivileged Context: Challenges, Outcomes And Perspectives, L Mammino
Tanzania Journal of Science
Computational chemistry is a fast developing branch of modern chemistry, focusing on the study of molecules to enable better understanding of the properties of substances. Its applications comprise a variety of fields, from drug design to the design of compounds with desired properties (e.g., catalysts with specific actions) and to ample overlaps with nanotechnology. However, despite its relevance, the presence of computational chemistry research in Sub-Saharan Africa is still scarce, practically absent in many institutions. Bridging the gap with the other continents requires the identification of capacity building options that may enable a rapid growth. The recent experience at the …
Electrochemical Behaviour Of Environmentally Friendly Inhibitor Of Aloe Secundiflora Extract In Corrosion Control Of Carbon Steel In Soft Water Media, J Mutasingwa, J Buchweishaija, Jeg Mdoe
Electrochemical Behaviour Of Environmentally Friendly Inhibitor Of Aloe Secundiflora Extract In Corrosion Control Of Carbon Steel In Soft Water Media, J Mutasingwa, J Buchweishaija, Jeg Mdoe
Tanzania Journal of Science
Electrochemical behaviour of Aloe secundiflora on carbon steel corrosion control in neutral and aerated soft water solutions have been investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and Tafel polarization techniques. The investigation was performed at different inhibitor concentrations under static and dynamic conditions using a Rotating Disk Electrode (RDE). The impedance and polarization results revealed that A. Secundiflora could be a potential corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel undergoing corrosion in fresh water medium. It was found that Aloe secundiflora reduces the electrochemical processes taking place on carbon steel undergoing corrosion. The inhibitor efficiency increases with increase in A. Secundiflora concentration and gradually …
Heavy Metal Content In Some Commonly Consumed Vegetables From Kariakoo Market, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Eb Mubofu
Tanzania Journal of Science
This work reports on the levels of cadmium, lead, copper, manganese and zinc in 174 samples from eight varieties of green vegetables (amaranth, Chinese cabbage, cowpea leaves, green pepper, leafy cabbage, lettuce, okra and pumpkin leaf) commonly grown in Dar es Salaam and marketed at Kariakoo, Tanzania. The amount of cadmium and lead ranged between 3-42 and 11-60 μg/kg respectively. The amount of copper, manganese and zinc ranged between 0.35 - 2.12, 1.01 - 7.57, and 1.19 - 6.33 μg/kg respectively. On average consumption pattern, the contribution of these vegetables to the recommended daily intakes (RDI) for cadmium and lead …
Correlation Between Morphological, Optical And Electrical Properties Of Zno:Al/Zno Double Layers And The Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Solar Cell Efficiencies, Pd Nsimama
Tanzania Journal of Science
The morphological, optical and electrical properties of magnetron sputtered ZnO:Al/ZnO double layers are reported and their correlations with their respective Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) solar cell efficiencies are presented. The ZnO:Al/ZnO double layers were produced by using the established baseline RF process and plasma emission monitoring (PEM) DC reactive sputtering. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM) were employed for the surface morphological measurements. The charge carrier concentrations, mobilities and AC resistivities were deduced from Drude’s model. The DC resistivities were determined from the four-point probe measurements. Transmittance and reflectance measurements were done by using the UV-VIS-NIR Lambda 900 …
A Technique For Identification Of Intrinsic Resistance Of Maize Varieties To Sitophilus Zeamais (Motsch.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Infestations, Cp Rugumamu
Tanzania Journal of Science
A new technique used to identify resistant maize varieties to the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch.) infestations is presented. It applies Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate- Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS - PAGE) of the insect fat body to determine the levels of fat body vitellogenin (FVg) in the vitellogenic S. zeamais females which were reared on different maize varieties. Results on levels of FVg varied and ranged from 83.33% to 43.33% in insects raised in different varieties ANOVA of FVg, maize weight loss and F1 numbers showed significant differences among the varieties at P<0.05. Maize weight loss and F1 numbers were positively correlated with FVg, r = 0.74 and 0.98, P< 0.05. The revealed amounts of FVg in S. zeamais obtained from the varieties indicated varying intrinsic resistance of the varieties to the insect pest. The varieties exhibited resistance in descending order: ZM 621>H 622> H 511> Situka 1> Situka M1 …
Paleoseismic Investigations Along The Bubu Fault, Dodoma-Tanzania, As Macheyeki, D Delvaux, Md Batist, A Mruma
Paleoseismic Investigations Along The Bubu Fault, Dodoma-Tanzania, As Macheyeki, D Delvaux, Md Batist, A Mruma
Tanzania Journal of Science
The central part of Tanzania, Dodoma, was hit by an Mw= 5.5 earthquake in November 4, 2002. It was part of a swarm of moderate earthquakes that affected the area. This paper, reports the first attempt to investigate significant past earthquakes along one of the known seismically active riftfaults (Bubu fault, Gonga segment) by paleoseimological trenching. The trench revealed over 3 episodes of faulting (2 of which correspond to Mid-Holocene faulting). The magnitude of the largest earthquake illustrated in the trench is estimated at Mw = 6.3-6.4 and the slip rate between two recent faulting events is about 0.11 to …
Plains Gerbils (Gerbilliscus Robusta) As Food Of The Barn Owl (Tyto Alba) In The Serengeti Plains (Tanzania): Thirty-Six Years Later, Rbm Senzota
Tanzania Journal of Science
The barn owl (Tyto alba (Blyth 1862) roosts and nests in crevices and caves of kopjes (rock outcrops) of the Serengeti plains. Its major food in the 1970’s was found to be Gerbilliscus robusta (Cretschmer 1826) which inhabits the expansive grasslands surrounding the kopjes. In October 2012, pellets of the owl were collected from one of its roosting cave in the Gol Kopjes at the plains; the roosting cave was the same as one where a 1976 pellet collection was made. Collected intact and disintegrated pellets were weighed and sorted to identify and enumerate their contents. Morphometrics of sorted out …