Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics (578)
- Life Sciences (498)
- Biology (249)
- Earth Sciences (183)
- Plant Sciences (179)
-
- Plant Biology (178)
- Geology (139)
- Physics (128)
- Chemistry (118)
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (85)
- Environmental Sciences (79)
- Mathematics (75)
- Engineering (74)
- Hydrology (51)
- Microbiology (48)
- Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology (48)
- Medicine and Health Sciences (46)
- Public Health (42)
- Atmospheric Sciences (41)
- Electrical and Computer Engineering (33)
- Environmental Health (33)
- Food Science (33)
- Pharmacology, Toxicology and Environmental Health (33)
- Computer Sciences (32)
- Pharmacology (32)
- Toxicology (32)
- Materials Science and Engineering (31)
- Agriculture (24)
- Biochemistry (19)
- Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology (19)
- Keyword
-
- Physical Sciences (484)
- Biological Sciences (341)
- Mathematics and Computational Sciences (127)
- Tanzania (119)
- Heavy metals (26)
-
- Sediments (24)
- Lake Victoria (15)
- Pollution (15)
- Conservation (14)
- Dar es Salaam (13)
- Contamination (12)
- Adsorption (11)
- Diversity (9)
- Biogas (8)
- Fish (8)
- Forest (8)
- Maize (8)
- Tectonics (8)
- Antibacterial activity (7)
- Antimicrobial activity (7)
- Cytotoxicity (7)
- Malaria (7)
- Phytochemicals (7)
- Species diversity (7)
- Antimicrobial (6)
- Antioxidant (6)
- Climate change (6)
- Ecosystem (6)
- Fisheries (6)
- Pesticide residues (6)
- Publication Year
- File Type
Articles 121 - 150 of 1029
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Optimizing Co2-Expanded Hexane For Enhanced Yield And Antioxidant Activity Of Essential Oils From Citrus Reticulata, Mathayo Gervas Mathias, Idzumi Okajima
Optimizing Co2-Expanded Hexane For Enhanced Yield And Antioxidant Activity Of Essential Oils From Citrus Reticulata, Mathayo Gervas Mathias, Idzumi Okajima
Tanzania Journal of Science
Wide range applications of citrus essential oil (EO) and environmental issues resulting from citrus processing industries render in the evolution of extraction techniques. The efficacy of the CO2-expanded hexane (CXH) extraction technique on mandarin orange EO, D-limonene, and total phenolic compounds (TPC) was evaluated and compared with conventional methods; hexane extraction and hydro-distillation. Moreover, the correlation of EO components with antioxidant activity was studied. It was revealed that CXH had better EO and D-limonene yields than conventional methods. The CXH optimal extraction conditions of 25 °C, 6.5 MPa, and 0.70 CO2 mole fraction offered 0.155 g-EO/g-dry peel and 51% D-limonene …
Metagenomic Analysis Of Bacterial Communities In Waters Of Lake Natron, Arusha, Tanzania, Sadikiel E. Kaale, Robert S. Machang’U, Thomas J. Lyimo
Metagenomic Analysis Of Bacterial Communities In Waters Of Lake Natron, Arusha, Tanzania, Sadikiel E. Kaale, Robert S. Machang’U, Thomas J. Lyimo
Tanzania Journal of Science
Metagenomics involves genetic material extraction and sequencing directly from environmental samples in order to gain insights and relationships that exist between microbes and their surroundings. Few studies have been done in extreme environments including soda lakes such as Lake Natron which is found in Arusha region, Tanzania. This study recorded high pH and salinity values confirming the lake's extremity. Full-length 16S rRNA reads sequenced through PacBio was used to reveal first metagenomic snapshots of bacterial communities from 10 random points at the lake shoreline waters. The results showed the dominance of Proteobacteria and Firmicutes with relative abundances of 98.46% and …
Biomedical Potential Of Natural Products From Selected Tanzanian Flora: A Review, Stephen S. Nyandoro, Joan J.E. Munissi
Biomedical Potential Of Natural Products From Selected Tanzanian Flora: A Review, Stephen S. Nyandoro, Joan J.E. Munissi
Tanzania Journal of Science
Natural products have been used for treatment of various diseases for thousands of years and served as sources of drug lead compounds for the improvement of livelihood. This paper presents a review on the biomedical potentials of selected natural products isolated from eight plant species indigenous to Tanzania. The review covers research work published between 2010 and 2023, and identifies 33 natural products with different pharmacological properties from Tanzanian plants. These bioactive natural products are discussed with other similar compounds isolated elsewhere from the same or different plant species to get further insights on the potential application in modern medicine …
Nutritional Composition Of Mucuna Pruriens Var. Utilis (Velvet Bean) Seeds Grown In Nanyumbu District, Tanzania, Florence Boniface, Stephen I. Nnungu, Washa B. Washa
Nutritional Composition Of Mucuna Pruriens Var. Utilis (Velvet Bean) Seeds Grown In Nanyumbu District, Tanzania, Florence Boniface, Stephen I. Nnungu, Washa B. Washa
Tanzania Journal of Science
In tropical countries, Mucuna seeds have been utilized to promote better health and ensure a stable food supply. The use of Mucuna pruriens var. utilis seeds in Tanzania has prompted an evaluation of the nutritional composition of two common cultivars grown in the Nanyumbu district. Mucuna seed samples (black-reddish brown and black-greyish) were collected and analyzed for their nutritional content using standard extraction and spectrophotometric techniques. Data analysis was conducted using GraphPad InStat 3.0 software, with a t-test employed to compare means at a 95% confidence level. The results indicated that the differences in nutritional parameters between the black-reddish brown …
First-Principles Studies On The Electronic And Optical Properties Of Corundum Samples From The Tanga Region, Esther J. Tarimo Tarimo, Pulapa V Kanaka Rao, F.M. Stanley
First-Principles Studies On The Electronic And Optical Properties Of Corundum Samples From The Tanga Region, Esther J. Tarimo Tarimo, Pulapa V Kanaka Rao, F.M. Stanley
Tanzania Journal of Science
The characteristics of corundum are significant as they provide accurate identification supporting its diverse applications, facilitating the development of advanced materials, and ensuring its optimal use across various fields. Corundum alumina (α-Al2O3) samples collected from the Tanga mining region were characterized for crystallographic information using XRD analysis. This crystallographic information was used to build the crystal system of the sample in Biovia Materials Studio modelling and simulation software. The electrical and optical properties of this sample were examined by applying first-principles density functional theory and Generalized Gradient Approximations. For the calculations, a sampling mesh of 6×6×2 k-points, with an energy …
Stellar Properties From A Self-Consistent Analysis, Pius Privatus, Pulapa V Kanaka Rao, Cirino Pappalardo
Stellar Properties From A Self-Consistent Analysis, Pius Privatus, Pulapa V Kanaka Rao, Cirino Pappalardo
Tanzania Journal of Science
Galaxies’ spectral energy distribution (SED) has been explored through the use of spectral synthesis codes. Most of the codes so far are solely stellar and assume a negligible nebular contribution. Fitting Analysis using Differential Evolution Optimisation (FADO) is the first spectral synthesis tool to consider the nebular contribution. The study examines how the primary stellar attributes are affected when FADO is applied to the Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics and Johns Hopkins University (MPA-JHU) data, namely the star-formation rate, metallicity, and stellar mass. The findings show that nebular emission results in the change of the slope of the equation of …
Exploring Dependence Of Rapid Thermal Annealed Ag/Ito Bilayer Films Properties On The Systematic Ag Layer Thickness Increment For Bifacial Czts Solar Cell Application, Emmanuel R Ollotu, Justine Nyarige, Margaret E Samiji, Nuru R Mlyuka
Exploring Dependence Of Rapid Thermal Annealed Ag/Ito Bilayer Films Properties On The Systematic Ag Layer Thickness Increment For Bifacial Czts Solar Cell Application, Emmanuel R Ollotu, Justine Nyarige, Margaret E Samiji, Nuru R Mlyuka
Tanzania Journal of Science
This study investigated the impact of Ag layer thickness on the properties of rapid thermal annealed Ag/ITO bilayer films, aimed at addressing conductivity loss in ITO substrates used as a back contact for optoelectronic applications, such as bifacial CZTS solar cells. Ag layers of varying thickness (10 nm, 20 nm, 30 nm, and 40 nm) were sputter-deposited onto a commercially acquired ITO-coated glass substrate and rapidly thermally annealed. The samples’ characterization was performed using AFM, XRD, four-point probe, Hall Effect measurements, and UV-VIS-NIR spectrophotometry. Results indicated that thinner Ag layers exhibited relatively stable surfaces with uniformly distributed grains, smaller roughness, …
Molecular Docking Simulation Of Bioactive Compounds From Curcuma Longa Against Helicobacter Pylori, Alex J. Mbise, Pulapa V. Kanaka Rao, F.M. Stanley
Molecular Docking Simulation Of Bioactive Compounds From Curcuma Longa Against Helicobacter Pylori, Alex J. Mbise, Pulapa V. Kanaka Rao, F.M. Stanley
Tanzania Journal of Science
Peptic ulcers are open sores that form on the lining of the stomach and upper small intestine and the primary causative pathogen is Helicobacter pylori. In this research, the inhibitory activities of bioactive compounds from Curcuma longa, against H. pylori (8H52) were studied. Eighty-three significant bioactive compounds were selected from the Zinc database and were initially screened using absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity properties based on compliance with the Pfizer rule. Molecular docking studies were carried out with specific docking site dimensions of values x: -37.3658, y: -4.1028, and z: -22.8563, to identify the binding affinities and interactions. Ten …
Recovering Phosphorus And Nitrogen From Leachate Collected From Chidaya Sanitary Landfill Dodoma Tanzania For Fertilizer Production, Yasin Y. Kifwe, Godlisten N. Shao, Washa B. Washa, Christina F. Pius
Recovering Phosphorus And Nitrogen From Leachate Collected From Chidaya Sanitary Landfill Dodoma Tanzania For Fertilizer Production, Yasin Y. Kifwe, Godlisten N. Shao, Washa B. Washa, Christina F. Pius
Tanzania Journal of Science
The demand for fertilizer is a global issue that poses a significant threat to future food security. Tanzania is among the countries which rely on agriculture for food production and contribute largely to the economy of the nation. However, farmers incur high production costs due to the utilization of expensive and environmentally insecure fertilizers. The present study investigated the potential of recovering nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients from leachate to produce fertilizer. Hanna pH meter (HI-98121) was used to determine the pH of leachate which was found to be 8.29 ± 0.33. The concentration of phosphorus and nitrogen was determined by …
Facile Fabrication Of Water Filters With Desirable Properties For Removal Of Pathogenic E. Coli From Drinking Water At Point-Of-Use, Godfrey Michael Shayo, Elianaso Elimbinzi, Christina Fabian, Talam E Kibona
Facile Fabrication Of Water Filters With Desirable Properties For Removal Of Pathogenic E. Coli From Drinking Water At Point-Of-Use, Godfrey Michael Shayo, Elianaso Elimbinzi, Christina Fabian, Talam E Kibona
Tanzania Journal of Science
The inevitable consequences of waterborne diseases caused by consuming contaminated water have prompted the development of low-cost water filtration technologies that surpass traditional purification methods in effectiveness. Ceramic water filters have been extensively researched due to their promising application in the filtration and purification of water to produce clean and safe drinking water. The present study reports the synthesis of ceramic filtration systems incorporating silver nanoparticles with desirable properties for water purification. The obtained samples were examined by XRD, XRF, and SEM analyses. XRD analysis showed that the samples had crystallite sizes ranging between 16 to 22 nm. XRF analysis …
Modelling Malaria Dynamics In Children Under Five Years, Pregnant Women And The Influence Of Temperature, Paul K Robert, Jacob I Irunde, Adeline P Mtunya
Modelling Malaria Dynamics In Children Under Five Years, Pregnant Women And The Influence Of Temperature, Paul K Robert, Jacob I Irunde, Adeline P Mtunya
Tanzania Journal of Science
Malaria remains a major public health problem worldwide and it affects the livelihood of people particularly children under 5 years and pregnant women. This study formulates and analyzes a mathematical model that incorporates children under five years, pregnant women and influence of temperature on the transmission dynamics of malaria. The next generation matrix method is applied to compute the basic reproduction number. Analysis shows that malaria-free equilibrium point exists and it is globally asymptotically stable when . Numerical simulations show that the rate of infections in both human and mosquito populations increases as temperature increases. Higher temperatures generally increase the …
A Mathematical Model For Malaria Transmission Dynamics In The Population With Different Immune Status, Neema S. Mbugi, Jacob I. Irunde, Joshua A. Mwasunda, Samson Kiware
A Mathematical Model For Malaria Transmission Dynamics In The Population With Different Immune Status, Neema S. Mbugi, Jacob I. Irunde, Joshua A. Mwasunda, Samson Kiware
Tanzania Journal of Science
Malaria is a febrile illness affecting a large population worldwide. Even though malaria is curable and preventable it continues to pose a significant health risk, economic effects, and social effects in the population. This study formulates a mathematical model to study the transmission dynamics of malaria in a population with different immune status. By dividing the population based on immune status, the model provides insights into how immunity influences the interaction between hosts and malaria parasites, particularly in terms of infection rates, immune responses, and propose appropriate control for effective elimination. The basic reproduction number is computed using the next-generation …
Fixed Point Theorems And Sensitivity Analysis In Solving Nonlinear Matrix Equations: A Study Involving Partially Ordered Sets, Chacha Stephen Chacha
Fixed Point Theorems And Sensitivity Analysis In Solving Nonlinear Matrix Equations: A Study Involving Partially Ordered Sets, Chacha Stephen Chacha
Tanzania Journal of Science
Nonlinear matrix equations of the form , where represents an unknown matrix, and and are given square matrices, are encountered in various fields. Understanding the characteristics and behaviour of these equations is essential for developing efficient computational methods and obtaining reliable solutions. This paper explores the use of partially ordered sets within fixed point schemes to solve the targeted equations. Furthermore, it derives perturbation estimates of the solutions and evaluates them computationally. Finally, the numerical simulations are provided to validate our theoretical claims and affirm the effectiveness of the proposed fixed-point scheme.
Integrative Human-Mouse Gene Expression And Phylogenetics Analysis To Prioritize Genes Of Evolutionary And Biomedical Importance In The Retina And Retinal Pigment Epithelium, Edson Ishengoma, Guglielmo Roma, Shola M. Richards
Integrative Human-Mouse Gene Expression And Phylogenetics Analysis To Prioritize Genes Of Evolutionary And Biomedical Importance In The Retina And Retinal Pigment Epithelium, Edson Ishengoma, Guglielmo Roma, Shola M. Richards
Tanzania Journal of Science
Mammalian models, such as mice, are often used to study human retinal diseases, but, owing to the evolutionary time-scale separating the two species, some physiological functions involved in vision differ between the two species. Here, public RNA-seq data sets were used to interrogate genome-wide gene expression patterns in mouse and human retina and retinal pigment epithelium in order to identify genes of significance underlying visual signal processing in the two species. Individual genes with distinct and conserved expression patterns across the retinal tissues were identified both within and between species, followed by an assessment of biomedical roles in visual functions, …
Nutritional Potential And Antioxidant Activity Of Dioscorea Spp. Tubers From Mtwara Rural District, Tanzania, Tumsifu S. Mwanjala, Washa B. Washa, Stephen I. Nnungu
Nutritional Potential And Antioxidant Activity Of Dioscorea Spp. Tubers From Mtwara Rural District, Tanzania, Tumsifu S. Mwanjala, Washa B. Washa, Stephen I. Nnungu
Tanzania Journal of Science
The wild yam Dioscorea hirtiflora subsp. orientalis, native to the Mtwara rural district in Tanzania, remains underutilized despite its considerable nutritional and health benefits. This study aimed to assess the nutritional composition and antioxidant properties of its tubers. Standard AOAC procedures were employed to analyze dried tuber samples, while antioxidants and antioxidant capacity were evaluated. The tuber was found to have carbohydrates content ranging from 21.02% to 23.57%, crude protein from 1.0% to 1.5%, crude lipids between 0.46% and 0.68%, and crude fiber from 11.26% to 13.52%, with an energy value of 97.26 to 101.1 Kcal/100 g. Vitamin C content …
A Review On Ethnomedical Use Of Tephrosia Vogelii Hook.F. And Its Potentiality Towards The Development Of Antimicrobial Agents And Pesticides, Stephano Hanolo Mlozi, Juma Mmongoyo, Musa Chacha
A Review On Ethnomedical Use Of Tephrosia Vogelii Hook.F. And Its Potentiality Towards The Development Of Antimicrobial Agents And Pesticides, Stephano Hanolo Mlozi, Juma Mmongoyo, Musa Chacha
Tanzania Journal of Science
Fish bean, Tephrosia vogelii Hook.f is among of potential medicinal plant species in the genus Tephrosia. It has been traditionally used to cure human and animal ailments including fungal and bacterial diseases though not exhaustively scientifically reported. Similarly, its extracts have been locally used to control vectors and pests in small scale farming though the drug development from its extracts and phytochemicals is not reported. Thus, this review focused to unveil its ethnomedical and pharmaceutical potentiality with emphasis towards development of antimicrobial agents and pesticides. Data collection for the review was based on the published paper searched globally in several …
Inhibitory Activities Of Phytoconstituents From Azadirachta Indica And Murraya Koenigii As Potential Drugs For Secondary Infection Of Atopic Eczema Disease - In Silico Study, Mikidadi S. Gurisha, Pulapa V. Kanaka Rao, Laxmikanth Cherupally
Inhibitory Activities Of Phytoconstituents From Azadirachta Indica And Murraya Koenigii As Potential Drugs For Secondary Infection Of Atopic Eczema Disease - In Silico Study, Mikidadi S. Gurisha, Pulapa V. Kanaka Rao, Laxmikanth Cherupally
Tanzania Journal of Science
Atopic Eczema (AE) disease is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that is caused by a person’s inability to repair damage to the skin barrier. Staphylococcus aureus (SA) is a virulent pathogen that plays an important role in the progression of secondary infection in AE patients, thus intensifying the disease's virulence. In this study, the inhibitory activities of phytoconstituents from Azadirachta indica and Murraya koenigii against the SA (Protein Data Bank ID: 7TIO) using an in silico approach are presented. Site-specific docking analysis was carried out on the virulent pathogen with the docking center at X: 1.65044, Y: 1.7980, Z: 3.1878, …
Carbon And Biodiversity Co-Benefits In Tropical Forest And Agroforestry Ecosystems: A Review, Anna N Mwambala
Carbon And Biodiversity Co-Benefits In Tropical Forest And Agroforestry Ecosystems: A Review, Anna N Mwambala
Tanzania Journal of Science
Global efforts to mitigate climate change are focused on the protection and restoration of forest carbon. These efforts do not only hold promise for climate protection but also other benefits including conservation of biodiversity, the majority of which is sheltered in the forest. These include actions to combat climate change and land degradation and actions to halt biodiversity loss through sustainable forest management. However, the challenge remains as to what extent forest conservation that optimizes carbon storage will conserve biodiversity. Understanding synergies between climate change mitigation and biodiversity conservation could be the basis for attaining sustainable development goals. Library catalogues …
Antibacterial Activity And Phylogeny Of Griseofulvin Producing Aspergillus And Penicillium Species From Kunduchi Mangrove Sediments, Tanzania, Blandina A. Mavoa, Shaaban A. A. Kassuwi, Juma M. Hussein
Antibacterial Activity And Phylogeny Of Griseofulvin Producing Aspergillus And Penicillium Species From Kunduchi Mangrove Sediments, Tanzania, Blandina A. Mavoa, Shaaban A. A. Kassuwi, Juma M. Hussein
Tanzania Journal of Science
Marine fungi are an underrated reservoir of bioactive metabolites for drug discovery. This study focused on fungi isolated from Kunduchi mangrove sediments in Tanzania. In an attempt to investigate the antibacterial activities of marine fungi and uncover their bioactive compounds, ethyl acetate crude extracts of fungal isolates were screened for antibacterial activity against human pathogens (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli) followed by compounds identification by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). A total of seven fungal isolates were obtained from sediments. Crude extracts from isolate 1 and isolate 2 exhibited significant antibacterial activities with a Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ˃ 3.13 …
Natural Bee Space And Comb Cell Dimensions Of Honey Bee Colonies In Mwinkantsi Village, Babati District, Tanzania, Theobald J Theobald, Richard A Kidabaga, Shibonage K Mashilingi
Natural Bee Space And Comb Cell Dimensions Of Honey Bee Colonies In Mwinkantsi Village, Babati District, Tanzania, Theobald J Theobald, Richard A Kidabaga, Shibonage K Mashilingi
Tanzania Journal of Science
The use of improved beehives in beekeeping is emphasized to facilitate easier colony manipulations. The improved beehives used in Tanzania are either imported or manufactured locally by adopting dimensions for European honey bees. However, the dimensions adopted are faulty to the dimensions of local honey bees, leading to problems such as cross-combing which hinder realization of the expected management advantages. This study assessed the characteristic natural bee space and comb cell dimensions of honey bee colonies occupied the traditional split log hives in Mwinkantsi village, Babati district. Results showed that honey bee colonies in Mwinkantsi village exhibited an overall bee …
Nesting Of An Alien Invasive House Crow Corvus Splendens In Verges Along Arterial Roads In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Jasson R. John
Nesting Of An Alien Invasive House Crow Corvus Splendens In Verges Along Arterial Roads In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Jasson R. John
Tanzania Journal of Science
In most cities where little of the original natural vegetation remains, road verges act as home to many urban wildlife. However, the use of road verges for alien avifauna such as House Crow (Corvus splendens) has not been fully documented. This study, conducted between June and July 2021 investigated nesting preferences of the House Crow with particular regards to different verge subdivisions of arterial roads and tree species in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Nests were searched in 1813 trees (=42 species) along a stretch of 20 km, and 159 trees (=15 species) were nested with C. splendens. Overall, a total …
An Age-Structured Model For The Effects Of Temperature And Rainfall On The Transmission Dynamics Of Malaria, Alanus Mapunda, Eunice Mureithi, Nyimvua Shaban
An Age-Structured Model For The Effects Of Temperature And Rainfall On The Transmission Dynamics Of Malaria, Alanus Mapunda, Eunice Mureithi, Nyimvua Shaban
Tanzania Journal of Science
This study has investigated the impact of temperature and rainfall on the transmission dynamics of malaria using an age-structured population model, with a class of pregnant women. The equilibrium solutions have been analyzed, and numerical simulations carried out. The results show that there are significantly high rates of malaria infections for the temperature and rainfall ranging between (23.53 0C − 39.80 0C) and (14.82 mm − 38.44 mm) respectively. The results have shown that, the most affected populations are children up to five years old and pregnant women, and that decreasing the rate of transplacental transmission increases the number of …
Advanced Principal Component Analysis Of Various Risk Factors Of Hepatitis B Prevalence In Nigeria., Nureni O. Adeboye, Olumide S. Adesina, Habeeb A. Afolabi, Timothy A. Ogunleye
Advanced Principal Component Analysis Of Various Risk Factors Of Hepatitis B Prevalence In Nigeria., Nureni O. Adeboye, Olumide S. Adesina, Habeeb A. Afolabi, Timothy A. Ogunleye
Tanzania Journal of Science
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an infectious disease globally estimated to have caused between 500,000 to 1.2 million deaths annually. HBV prevalence is still high in Nigeria. Thus, this research aimed to identify factors germane to the widespread of HBV infection in an apparent clinical survey. The methods of analysis used were frequency, percentage and Principal component analysis (PCA). This was achieved through hospital record extracts of consultant hepatologists and the dimensionality reduction of the acquired data while retaining essential factors that are germane to the prevalence of HBV infection. The findings revealed that out of seventeen components evaluated in …
Multi-Criteria Analysis Of Municipal Solid Wastes Treatment Scenarios: The Case Of Arusha City, Tanzania, Edwin N. Richard
Multi-Criteria Analysis Of Municipal Solid Wastes Treatment Scenarios: The Case Of Arusha City, Tanzania, Edwin N. Richard
Tanzania Journal of Science
Selection of the most effective municipal solid waste (MSW) treatment option is crucial for sustainable MSW management, but it remains a challenge in most cities of developing countries. More often, the decision-makers make the selection of the treatment options without economic (ECs), and environmental (ENCs) cost evaluations. Consequently, the selected technologies fail to suit the local conditions of the concerned areas and they become a high burden activity to manage. Therefore, this study aimed to use the multi-criteria analysis approach based on the ELECTRE method to analyse the most effective MSW treatment option in terms of ECs and ENCs costs …
Design, Fabrication And Performance Evaluation Of Parabolic And Enhanced Solar Box Cookers In Isimani, Tanzania, Margaret E Samiji, Nuru R Mlyuka
Design, Fabrication And Performance Evaluation Of Parabolic And Enhanced Solar Box Cookers In Isimani, Tanzania, Margaret E Samiji, Nuru R Mlyuka
Tanzania Journal of Science
Clean cooking energy is a global priority, especially in developing countries where firewood and charcoal remain the primary cooking fuels. Solar cooking is an attractive alternative in these countries since it is eco-friendly and utilises freely available solar radiation. Utilisation of solar cookers however is still very low mainly due to the perceived complexity and lack of confidence in the available solar cooker models. In this work, the enhanced box and parabolic solar cookers were designed, fabricated and tested taking into consideration standard solar cookers and local cooking requirements. The enhanced box solar cooker was designed with booster mirrors making …
Effect Of Alkali Treatment On The Chemical Composition And Dyeability Of Sisal Fibers, Cosmas F Kindole, Pendo N Bigambo
Effect Of Alkali Treatment On The Chemical Composition And Dyeability Of Sisal Fibers, Cosmas F Kindole, Pendo N Bigambo
Tanzania Journal of Science
Recently, natural fibers have gained significant attention from many researchers due to the global demand for natural products with low environmental impacts. Sisal (Agave Sisalana), is among the important natural fibers with substantial potential to flourish due to their outstanding properties, including high strength, good absorbency, and abundant availability. However, utilization of these fibers is yet to be fully explored, probably due to their stiff and coarse nature, which limits the overall applications of this sustainable fiber. This study, therefore, investigated the effect of alkali treatment on the chemical composition and dyeability of sisal fibers as a way of adding …
Isolation And Characterization Of Yeast From Sisal Boles For Bioethanol Production, Neema Msuya, Sospeter P Andrew, Abraham K Temu
Isolation And Characterization Of Yeast From Sisal Boles For Bioethanol Production, Neema Msuya, Sospeter P Andrew, Abraham K Temu
Tanzania Journal of Science
Sisal boles are part of the 98% sisal plant waste that is discarded. They have a high bio-diversity of microorganism species, including yeast that can be utilized for bioethanol production. The objective of the study was to isolate yeast cells from sisal boles juice for bioethanol production. Sisal boles for juice extraction were randomly collected from Ubena sisal estate, Pwani region. To preserve the targeted microorganisms cold juice pressing method was used. Pour plate method was used on Potato Dextrose Agar and four distinct colonies were formed and repeatedly sub-cultured to obtain four pure yeast isolates. The juice yield was …
Effects Of Operating Parameters On The Higher Heating Value Of Kitchen Waste During Hydrothermal Carbonization, Veronika Gerald Kimario, Mahir Mohammed Said
Effects Of Operating Parameters On The Higher Heating Value Of Kitchen Waste During Hydrothermal Carbonization, Veronika Gerald Kimario, Mahir Mohammed Said
Tanzania Journal of Science
Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a promising waste to energy technology for conversion of organic wastes with high water contents. There have been relatively few studies focused on evaluating the HTC of solid waste (SW). The studies have provided valuable information regarding HTC feasibility and potential environmental benefits. However, they lack the data necessary to understand how carbonization product composition and reaction extent change with the variation of operating parameter. This study sought to characterize kitchen waste from a university restaurant, to assess the impact of operating parameters on hydro-char and evaluate its potential as a solid fuel. The methodology for …
The Occurrence And Variations Of Total Aflatoxins And Aflatoxin B1 In Different Types Of Chicken Feeds Marketed In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Mambaga S. Muja, Regina P. Mtei, Kessy F. Kilulya
The Occurrence And Variations Of Total Aflatoxins And Aflatoxin B1 In Different Types Of Chicken Feeds Marketed In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Mambaga S. Muja, Regina P. Mtei, Kessy F. Kilulya
Tanzania Journal of Science
This paper reports on the occurrence and variation of total aflatoxins (TAF) and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in different types of chicken feeds collected from various locations in Dar es Salaam. A total of 63 chicken feed samples based on cotton seed hulls, sunflower seed hulls, maize bran and mixed feeds were analysed using HPLC-FLD. It was revealed that all samples were contaminated with both TAF and AFB1, varying significantly with respect to their types. Specifically, 52.9% of the cotton seed hulls and 64.7% of maize bran samples exceeded the set tolerable limit of 5 ng g−1 for AFB1. All sunflower …
Assessment Of The Dose Coverage At The Ptv For Ebrt For Cervical Cancer Treatment Plan Using Aaa Varian Eclipse Tps At Ocean Road Cancer Institute, Tanzania, Kelvin G. Ngowi, Mwingereza J. Kumwenda, Khamis O. Amour
Assessment Of The Dose Coverage At The Ptv For Ebrt For Cervical Cancer Treatment Plan Using Aaa Varian Eclipse Tps At Ocean Road Cancer Institute, Tanzania, Kelvin G. Ngowi, Mwingereza J. Kumwenda, Khamis O. Amour
Tanzania Journal of Science
The implementation of the Eclipse treatment planning system software (Version 15.1) at Ocean Road Cancer Institute (ORCI), Tanzania has made the Anisotropic Analytical Algorithm (AAA) the necessary routine tool for dose calculations. However, the accuracy of the AAA algorithm in planning doses specifically for cervical cancer treatment is not well known. Therefore, this study investigated the accuracy of the AAA in dose calculation in terms of the dose coverage at the Plan Target Volume (PTV) for cervical cancer treatment at the ORCI. 50 treatment plans of adult patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IB-IIIB cervical cancer …