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Cement Oonded Wood Wool Board As A Building Material For Low Cost Housing, A Mrema
Cement Oonded Wood Wool Board As A Building Material For Low Cost Housing, A Mrema
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
This paper gives results of a preliminary study on the properties of cement bonded wood-wool boards manufactured as composites by using wood-wool (excelsior) from podocarpus spp wood species and ordinary Portland cement. Two main parameters were varied during the investigation and these were the width of the wood-wool and the cement to wood-wool ratio. Results show that the optimum mix proportion is three parts of cement to two parts of wood-wool by weight and that a smaller excelsior width gives higher board strengths. The results from tests on flexural strength, compressive strength and tensile strength far exceeded the requirements of …
Low Cost Slab Manufactured From Masonry Slab Elements, John Makunza
Low Cost Slab Manufactured From Masonry Slab Elements, John Makunza
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
The construction of bungalow houses requires sufficient space to accommodate all the requirements as per the client’s wish. The idea of low-rise or high rise buildings is very remote for most of the people due to the high costs of construction involved. Much of the said cost is due to the concrete floor slab as it consumes a bigger portion of concrete material when compared to beams and columns. In this paper, a study presented is on a new form of voided slab constructed from masonry slab elements that do not utilize formwork and consumes less concrete material. The slab …
Short-Term Scheduling Of A Hydro-Thermal System Using Linear Programming Technique, A Kyaruzi
Short-Term Scheduling Of A Hydro-Thermal System Using Linear Programming Technique, A Kyaruzi
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
The paper discusses the short term scheduling of Hydrothermal for Tanzania Electricity Supply Company (TANESCO) Power System. The problem is to determine on hourly interval the Hydro and Thermal generation. The scheduling keeps balance between production and consumption in a reliable and economical way during the study period. Linear programming (LP) mathematical model using MATL4B has been developed. The constraints are hydrological balance, thermal power plants limitations and load requirements. The result from LP solution gave low operation cost. Generation was mainly from hydro and all reservoirs elevation was high at the end ofplanning period.
Hydrographic Aspect Of Chole Bay, Mafia Island, Alfonse Dubi
Hydrographic Aspect Of Chole Bay, Mafia Island, Alfonse Dubi
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Mafia has been a port on the monsoon trade routes from the Arabia to Sofala for almost 2000 years. The Island has not changed significantly since ancient times and retains a traditional culture of fishing and subsistence agriculture. By 1991, development of tourism on the Island seemed very slow. Factors limiting the number of visitors include lack of adequate travel connections between the island and the mainland, and inadequate and poor hotel services. Currently, accessibility to Mafia Island has improved. Mafia Island can now be reached by air in addition to the traditional sea travel. However, the Island does not …
Participatory Evaluation And Improvement Of Cassava Processing Machines For The Eastern Zone Of Tanzania, V Silayo
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Cassava processing machines previously introduced in Tanzania were chippers and graters of the International Institute Of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) design. Popularization of such machmes in Tanzania required thorough participatory testing with stakeholders. When tested with farmers in Muheza and Kibaha districts average throughputs were 11-18 kg/h, 752 kg/h and 270 kg/hfor the manual chipper, engine-powered chipper and the engine-powered grater, respectively. Despite their low throughputs the manual chipper and the grater were Veo difficult to operate, and therefore demanded improvement. Improvement on these machines included modifications on the design for increased throughput, ease of operation and safety. The improved machines …
Aeration Efficiency Of A Three-Phase Fluidized Bed Bioreactor During Food Industry Wastewater Treatment, S Manyele
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
The implementation Of a three-phase fluidized bed bioreaclor (TPFBB) in food- processing wastewater (FPW'W) treatment is reported. This study includes the modification Of the air distributor (plate design and gas-liquid mixing) for the bioreactor and resting of its aeration efficiency under different liquids. The aeration efficiency for wastewater samples collected from a soft drink processing industry and tannin processing industry (TANWA T) and tap water were compared. The aeration efficiency parameters studied include bed expansion, air holdup. volumetric oxygen mass transfer coefficient, and alpha factors. The variation of these parameters With air flow rates were studied at different liquid heights, …
Usefulness Of Technology Life Cycle In Tanzania: The Case Of The Ipl Developed Technologies, Abdallah Chungu
Usefulness Of Technology Life Cycle In Tanzania: The Case Of The Ipl Developed Technologies, Abdallah Chungu
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
This study sought to identify the adoption rate of technologv innovations developed by the Institute Of Production Innovation (IPI) at the University Of Dar-es-Salaam since 1984 to 1997 using a sigmoid shaped curve (S-shaped curves) to predict the life cycles of the respective technologies. Depending on the stimuli imparted to the specific technology, some of such technologies for instance, cinva ram and block making machines with hollow/spacer/louver exhibited longer life period as indicated by a series Of infer-connected S-curves. Other technologies including but nor limited to sunflower oil processing kit-winnowers, scorcher with one stove, seed roller, standard wheelbarrow, and manual …
Energy Meter Reading And Tampering Protection Through Powerline Communication Channel, S Naiman
Energy Meter Reading And Tampering Protection Through Powerline Communication Channel, S Naiman
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
POwer utility companies have suffered revenue losses due to uncollected bills and energy tampering for many years. The use of powerline communication to overcome the problems has been proposed. This needs tampering detection and transceivers capable of communicating data through poww•line channel. This paper identifies different methods Of tampering, presents simulated results for tampering detection scheme and proposes a Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) wilh Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) transceiver design for energy metering as a solution to the problem. The choice of DSSS-BPSK modulation scheme is based on its robustness and its ability to spread signal inro wide …
Comparative Study Of The Dynamics Of Circulating Fluidized Bed Riser And Downer Of Equal Diameters, Samwel V. Manyele
Comparative Study Of The Dynamics Of Circulating Fluidized Bed Riser And Downer Of Equal Diameters, Samwel V. Manyele
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
The microscopic flow dynamics of the 100-mm internal diameter riser/downer circulating fluidized bed (CFB) unit were monitored using a solids concentration fiber optic probe. The comparison was conducted by comparing radial profiles Of the dynamic parameters derived from time-series analysis techniques (statistical and chaos analyses). The solids concentration signals used were recorded under similar operating conditions (gas velocity of 8.0 m/s and solids flux of 100 kg/m2s). Similar axial elevations were compared (entrance and fully developed sections of die reactors). A1 each loca!ion, the signals were sampled a! afrequency of 970 Hz for duration of 30 seconds. It was observed …
Information And Communication Technology Applications In The Tanzanian Health Sector, M Victor
Information And Communication Technology Applications In The Tanzanian Health Sector, M Victor
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
The potential role of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the health sector is to improve the delivery of health services and would also help to deal with major constraints in uplifting the health standards Of Tanzanians. ICT in heath can be used to facilitate remote consultation, diagnosis and treatment. The objective Of the study was exploratory in nature and aimed at determining the awareness level of the länzanian health sector on various ICT applications which could be used in the sector. The study also aimed ar establishing the challenges to the implementation of ICT in the Tanzanian health sector. …
Assessment Of The Accuracy Of Approximate Methods In The Analysis Of Plane Frame Structures, I Rubaratuka
Assessment Of The Accuracy Of Approximate Methods In The Analysis Of Plane Frame Structures, I Rubaratuka
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
pproximaic methods of analysis are widely used in the analysis OJ' frames for preliminary design due to their simplicily as compared to exact analysis meth o ds Ough they a re nol as accurate. In this paper. the methods Of hinges and portal frame are described and have been used to analyze a statically indeterminate frame by taking inro account the bending stiffness of the frame members. The obtained results are comparable Io the magnitudes of forces determined by exact methods Of analysis.
Review Of The Product Development Process And Information Flow In The Manufacturing Industry: Problems And A Possible Wav Forward, E Opiyo
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
No abstract provided.
Field Evaluation Of Soil Physical, Chemical And Hydraulic Property Changes Caused By Surface Water Application: A Case Study Of Ruaha-Mbuyuni Irrigation Scheme, Iringa, Tanzania, A Tarimo
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
The conventional metering. pyepa.vmen,' and estimates have been used in power utilities industries. The svslen,'s hare experienced many problems such as power tampering, bill tampering, ./åiluve ro receive invoices by poner unlity customers and so on. Different technologies have been investigated To overcome the problems and recently it has been realized that remote 'nonitoring sysle•ns through powerline channel is a solution offhese problems in Tanami". However. 'he powerline network has been used for electrical power IO use i,' for implementation of remote monitoring: network must be setup and has to be modeled to accommodate communications. The contribution has analyzed 'he …
Introduction Of Seismic Resistance Features In The Construction Of Buildings In Tanzania, I Rubaratuka
Introduction Of Seismic Resistance Features In The Construction Of Buildings In Tanzania, I Rubaratuka
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Available dara indicates that a greater part of Tanzania lies within a seismic region. to date most Of the buildings in the country have been designed and constructed without considering seismic loads. In addition no design codes have been developed to guide the seismic design for buildings and other related structures in Tanzania. This paper outlines the basic design concepts, which are useful during the design of seismic resistant buildings before the seismic design code is developed and adopted in Tanzania.
Derivation And Analysis Of Maximum And Conditional Work Of An Electromagnet In Relays With Small Gaps And Constant Armature Load, Dominic Chambega
Derivation And Analysis Of Maximum And Conditional Work Of An Electromagnet In Relays With Small Gaps And Constant Armature Load, Dominic Chambega
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
No abstract provided.
Mathematical Simulation Of The Influence Of Volatile Ma•Rrer Cloud On Heterogeneous Ignition Of Single Coal Particles, Hassan Ratal Ambula
Mathematical Simulation Of The Influence Of Volatile Ma•Rrer Cloud On Heterogeneous Ignition Of Single Coal Particles, Hassan Ratal Ambula
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Asimple model has been developed to predict the heterogeneous ignition temperature for single coal particles under conditions of negligible, natural and forced convections. These conditions cause different sizes Of volatile matter cloud that surround the coal particle. The model is based on the ignition Of a single coal particle heated by irradiation from spot heaters in a cold (ambient) surrounding. Energy from the particle surface oxidation, volatile matter combustion and physical heating from the spot heaters are all included in rhe particle energv balance. General ignüion criterion is used to determine the ignition point. The agreement between the experimental and …
Probabilistic Load Flow For Mv Radial Distribution Networks Supplying Statistical Loads, B Kundy
Probabilistic Load Flow For Mv Radial Distribution Networks Supplying Statistical Loads, B Kundy
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Aecurate load models are required Jör 'he computation OJ' load on Medium Voltage (MV) distribution net•.vovk.s_ Modern microprocessors in recent times have enabled researchers stunple and log domestic loads. The findings show that domestic loads are stochastic in nonwe and are best described bv u beta probability distribution [Herman et al. 1999]. The statistical evaluafion lhe consumer voltages requires description load currents al rhe lime e/ lhe system maximum demand. In this paper. an analytical 1001 computing voltage vegulation on MV distribution net-norks fi•eding statistical louds is presenled. To deal beta- distributed currents on MV distribution networks, new scaling factors …
Service And Network Modeling For Implementation Of Powerline Remote Monitoring Of Electrical Power Metering In Tanzania, J Anatory
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
The conventional metering. pyepa.vmen,' and estimates have been used in power utilities industries. The svslen,'s hare experienced many problems such as power tampering, bill tampering, ./åiluve ro receive invoices by poner unlity customers and so on. Different technologies have been investigated To overcome the problems and recently it has been realized that remote 'nonitoring sysle•ns through powerline channel is a solution offhese problems in Tanami". However. 'he powerline network has been used for electrical power IO use i,' for implementation of remote monitoring: network must be setup and has to be modeled to accommodate communications. The contribution has analyzed 'he …
Importance Of Structural Fire Protection In Reinforced Concrete Buildings: A Case Study Of Ex-Nasaco Building In Dar Es Salaam, I Rubaratuka
Importance Of Structural Fire Protection In Reinforced Concrete Buildings: A Case Study Of Ex-Nasaco Building In Dar Es Salaam, I Rubaratuka
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Reinforced concrete is concrete that is internally reinforced with steel bars or mesh. This gives rhe malerial the compressive strength of concrete along wilh the tensile strength Of steel. Reinforced concrete does not perform well under fire conditions as it spalls and loses strength. Heating Causes a failure Of the bond between concrele and sleels bars and this results in reduction of strength of concrele. Strength of concrete decreases With increase in temperature and increase With time. In order to provide fire resistance to structural components/elements in buildings, it is important Io consider the type of aggregates to be used. …
Evaluation Of Long-Shore Sediment Transport On The Kunduchi Beach Tidal Flat, Dar Es Salaam, Alfonse Dubi
Evaluation Of Long-Shore Sediment Transport On The Kunduchi Beach Tidal Flat, Dar Es Salaam, Alfonse Dubi
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Kunduchi Beach is located approximately IO kilometres north Of Dar es Salaam City on the coasl of Mainland Tanzania. Currents and sediment concentrations were measured using a multi-sensor self-recording current meter. Waves Were measured using pressure gauges. Some physical features were visually measured. The general orientation of the shoreline is 330 degrees and the tidal flat is characterised by ripples. A1 aboul 150 m from the shoreline, ripples are 7-9 cm high and their wavelength is about 40 cm. Closer to the beach, ripple orientation is 350 degrees: ripple height is 5 cm and ripple wave length is 5 cm. …
An Integrated Model For Technology Assessment And Choice For Rural Development In Developing Countries, Abdallah Chungu
An Integrated Model For Technology Assessment And Choice For Rural Development In Developing Countries, Abdallah Chungu
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Abstract
Evaluation Of Pollution Loading Into Msimbazi River By Rapid Assessment And Direct Measurement Methods, J. H. Y. Katima
Evaluation Of Pollution Loading Into Msimbazi River By Rapid Assessment And Direct Measurement Methods, J. H. Y. Katima
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
This paper assesses the suitability of Rapid Assessment (RA) methodology as a tool for making an environmental pollution inventory in data poor situation. The RA method was applied to estimate Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), nitrogen and phosphorous loading into the Msimbazi River in Dar es salaam, Tanzania. The Direct Measurement (DM) was done to validate the results obtained from RA. The methodology is based on estimating waste loads from function variables such as production rate, population, etc. and pollution intensities from domestic, industry and agricultural sources. The incorporation of penetration factors for waste loads reduction refines the assessment procedure. The …
Prediction Of The Response Of Rectangular Cladding Panels To Wind Loading In The Time Domain, Ambrose Shirima
Prediction Of The Response Of Rectangular Cladding Panels To Wind Loading In The Time Domain, Ambrose Shirima
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
The analysis and subsequent design of cladding panels is traditionally based on quasi-static calculation of the wind loads. Pressure coefficients, which are derived from wind tunnel measurements and a design wind speed, are used to compute the wind loading. The codes of practice give the pressure coefficients and the guidelines of deriving the design wind speed from factors, which are specific to the site namely basic wind speed, topography, ground roughness and height above the ground. The concept of design wind speed is simple but it overlooks the resonant vibrations caused by the wind. The paper discusses a procedure for …
Surface Titration Of Colloidal Alpha-Alumina, J. W. Ntalikwa
Surface Titration Of Colloidal Alpha-Alumina, J. W. Ntalikwa
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
The surface charge density (σ₀) of colloidal alumina (α-Al₂O₃) suspended in 1:1 electrolytes (NaCl, NaNO₃, CsCl and CsNO₃) at different electrolyte concentration (c₀) was determined using acid-base titration. The data were described in terms of the Triple Layer Model (TLM) of electric double layer. It was observed that the polarity of σ₀ could be varied through a point of zero charge (PZC) by varying the pH of the suspension. The PZCs were observed to occur at pH = 7.8 ± 0.1, 7.6 ± 0.2, 8.5 ± 0.1 and 8.3 ± 0.1 in NaCl, NaNO₃, CsCl and CsNO₃, respectively. It was …
A System Thinking Approaching Maintenance, Production And Quality, E. A. M. Mjema
A System Thinking Approaching Maintenance, Production And Quality, E. A. M. Mjema
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
The concepts of system thinking and its applicability in maintenance management was analysed in this article. The author analysed various maintenance policies, which have inclination to the concept of system thinking. The maintenance policies revisited include the Integration of Maintenance (IM), Total Quality Maintenance (TQMain), Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA), and Total Productive Maintenance (TPM). All these strategies are aimed at utilising effectively the maintenance personnel by giving some of the responsibilities of maintenance to production personnel. It was found that, although the founder of these techniques did not mention the concepts of system thinking in their methods, however, …
Centrifugal Extraction Of Avocado Oil From The Pulp, J. W. Ntalikwa
Centrifugal Extraction Of Avocado Oil From The Pulp, J. W. Ntalikwa
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Absract
Load Flow Solution For Three-Phase Mv Radial Distribution Connected Network Supplying Different Line Topologies, B. J. Kundy
Load Flow Solution For Three-Phase Mv Radial Distribution Connected Network Supplying Different Line Topologies, B. J. Kundy
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
In this paper, a load flow solution for the Medium Voltage (MV) three-phase radial distribution in delta-delta (Δ–Δ) connected network supplying different line topologies such as three phase, phase to phase and single-wire earth return (SWER) networks is presented. The general voltage related network equations are developed using Kirchhoff’s voltage and current laws. Development of a solution to the load flow analysis applying the developed general voltage related network equations is proposed in order to evaluate the network voltage profile. Various numbers of arrays are developed for the identification of the network under study. The proposed method is a new …
The Inclusion Behaviothe Inclusion Behavior Of Sodium Compounds In Sub-Micron Particles Formed During Coal Combustionr Of Sodium Compounds In Sub-Micron Particles Formed During Coal Combustion, Iddi Mkilaha
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
During combustion of coal, biomass and sewage sludge, metallic compounds especially alkali metals such as sodium and potassium vaporize and form fumes which are emitted with the exhaust gases. These fumes are corrosive to the turbine blades of power plants. To minimize corrosion, efforts have been made to control the condensation phase of these metals. In this study, the evolution and inclusion of sodium in sub-micron particles was investigated using a drop tube furnace and a low-pressure impactor (LPI). Four types of coal with different chemical properties were tested. The results suggest that a reaction-controlled mechanism and nucleation via chemical …
Simulation Of The Communication Process In A Pin Mill, Ambrose J. M. Itika
Simulation Of The Communication Process In A Pin Mill, Ambrose J. M. Itika
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Prediction of the performance of comminution equipment by mathematical models and simulation poses a great challenge to the chemical engineer. This paper describes the simulation of grinding results obtained using an impact mill. Single particle results have been used to generate breakage and selection coefficients that were used for the evaluation of the model. Results have shown that simulation model is in good agreement with the experimental data obtained at a circumferential speed above 60 m/s. At lower speeds, the models shows only partial agreement in the middle particle size ranges. The application of the model is therefore limited for …
Using Pedotransfer Functions To Predict Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity For Layered Soil Profiles A Case Study At The Sokoine University Of Agriculture Farm, Tanzania, M. K. Mulengera
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Saturated soil hydraulic conductivity (SHC), is useful for land resources management. But it is difficult, time consuming, and labour intensive to measure in the field. These problems can be overcome through the use of pedotransfer functions (PTFs), which relate the SHC to readily available soil physical, chemical, and biological parameters. The existing PTFs were developed in temperate countries using homogeneous core soil samples. Thus, these PTFs are not useful for tropical soils with different properties and for layered soil profiles. In this paper, field measured SHC values are related to representative profile soil properties (RSPSPs) that are determined using horizons’ …