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Articles 931 - 960 of 1483
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The Economic Value Of Climate Information In Adaptation Decisions: Learning In The Sea-Level Rise And Coastal Infrastructure Context, David A. Dawson, Alistair Hunt, Jon Shaw, W. Roland Gehrels
The Economic Value Of Climate Information In Adaptation Decisions: Learning In The Sea-Level Rise And Coastal Infrastructure Context, David A. Dawson, Alistair Hunt, Jon Shaw, W. Roland Gehrels
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
© 2018 The Authors Traditional methods of investment appraisal have been criticized in the context of climate change adaptation. Economic assessment of adaptation options needs to explicitly incorporate the uncertainty of future climate conditions and should recognise that uncertainties may diminish over time as a result of improved understanding and learning. Real options analysis (ROA) is an appraisal tool developed to incorporate concepts of flexibility and learning that relies on probabilistic data to characterise uncertainties. It is also a relatively resource-intensive decision support tool. We test whether, and to what extent, learning can result from the use of successive generations …
An Integrated Approach To Assess The Impacts Of Zinc Pyrithione At Different Levels Of Biological Organization In Marine Mussels., Lorna J. Dallas, Andrew Turner, Tim P. Bean, Brett P. Lyons, Awadhesh N. Jha
An Integrated Approach To Assess The Impacts Of Zinc Pyrithione At Different Levels Of Biological Organization In Marine Mussels., Lorna J. Dallas, Andrew Turner, Tim P. Bean, Brett P. Lyons, Awadhesh N. Jha
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
The mechanisms of sublethal toxicity of the antifouling biocide, zinc pyrithione (ZnPT), have not been well-studied. This investigation demonstrates that 14-d sublethal exposure to ZnPT (0.2 or 2 μM, alongside inorganic Zn and sea water controls) is genotoxic to mussel haemocytes but suggests that this is not caused by oxidative DNA damage as no significant induction of oxidised purines was detected by Fpg-modified comet assay. More ecologically relevant endpoints, including decreased clearance rate (CR), cessation of attachment and decreased tolerance of stress on stress (SoS), also showed significant response to ZnPT exposure. Our integrated approach was underpinned by molecular analyses …
Mobilisation Kinetics Of Hazardous Elements In Marine Plastics Subject To An Avian Physiologically-Based Extraction Test., Andrew Turner
Mobilisation Kinetics Of Hazardous Elements In Marine Plastics Subject To An Avian Physiologically-Based Extraction Test., Andrew Turner
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Samples of plastic collected from two beaches in southwest England (n = 185) have been analysed by XRF spectrometry for elements that are hazardous or restricted in synthetic polymers (namely, As, Ba, Br, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, Sb and Se). Overall, one or more restricted element was detected in 151 samples, with 15 cases exhibiting non-compliance with respect to the Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) Directive. Twelve plastics that were RoHS-non-compliant were subsequently processed into microplastic-sized fragments and subjected to an avian physiologically-based extraction test (PBET) that simulates the chemical conditions in the gizzard-proventriculus of the northern fulmar. Kinetic profiles …
Mixtures Of Tritiated Water, Zinc And Dissolved Organic Carbon: Assessing Interactive Bioaccumulation And Genotoxic Effects In Marine Mussels, Mytilus Galloprovincialis, Holly B.C. Pearson, Lorna J. Dallas, Sean D.W. Comber, Charlotte B. Braungardt, Paul J. Worsfold, Awadhesh N. Jha
Mixtures Of Tritiated Water, Zinc And Dissolved Organic Carbon: Assessing Interactive Bioaccumulation And Genotoxic Effects In Marine Mussels, Mytilus Galloprovincialis, Holly B.C. Pearson, Lorna J. Dallas, Sean D.W. Comber, Charlotte B. Braungardt, Paul J. Worsfold, Awadhesh N. Jha
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Microplastics In Different Tissues Of Fish And Prawn From The Musa Estuary, Persian Gulf., Sajjad Abbasi, Naghmeh Soltani, Behnam Keshavarzi, Farid Moore, Andrew Turner, Mina Hassanaghaei
Microplastics In Different Tissues Of Fish And Prawn From The Musa Estuary, Persian Gulf., Sajjad Abbasi, Naghmeh Soltani, Behnam Keshavarzi, Farid Moore, Andrew Turner, Mina Hassanaghaei
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Commercially-important species of fish and a crustacean from four sites in the Musa estuary and a site in the Persian Gulf have been analysed for the presence and location of microplastics (MPs). A total of 828 MPs were detected in the guts (gastrointestinal tracts), skin, muscle, gills and liver of demersal and pelagic fish (Platycephalus indicus, Saurida tumbil, Sillago sihama, Cynoglossus abbreviatus) from all five sites and in the exoskeleton and muscle of the tiger prawn, Penaeus semisulcatus, from three sites. On an individual basis, MPs were most abundant in P. indicus (mean = 21.8) and least frequently encountered in …
Catchment Changes In Response To Tectonics And Climate: Using River Terraces And Dem Data In The Southern High Atlas Mountains (Morocco), Jr Zondervan, M Stokes, Sj Boulton, Ae Mather, Mw Telfer
Catchment Changes In Response To Tectonics And Climate: Using River Terraces And Dem Data In The Southern High Atlas Mountains (Morocco), Jr Zondervan, M Stokes, Sj Boulton, Ae Mather, Mw Telfer
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Tectonics and climate drive the generation and transport of sediment in mountain rivers as these evolve over time. On a glacial-interglacial scale, in particular catchment reorganisation and catchment incision dynamics control these processes, and affect fan deposition in sedimentary basins. The Atlas Mountains in Morocco exhibit ongoing catchment reorganisation and an abundance of river terraces recording glacial fluvial aggradation and interglacial-glacial incisional periods, opening up insight into the processes behind catchment evolution over geological timescales. Topography and river profiles across drainage divides are similar in a stable divide, and if they are unequal they indicate active catchment reorganisation. When reorganisation …
From Rural Citizenship To The Rural Citizen: Farming, Dementia And Networks Of Care, Claire Kelly, Richard Yarwood
From Rural Citizenship To The Rural Citizen: Farming, Dementia And Networks Of Care, Claire Kelly, Richard Yarwood
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Citizenship is gaining increased attention in the social sciences but has been under-utilised in rural studies. In this paper we argue that greater attention should be paid to social aspects of citizenship in order to understand participation in daily life and society. In doing so, emphasis needs to be placed on the rural citizen and how he or she engages with different communities across different scales. To explore these ideas we draw upon a case study of farmers living with dementia in Devon, UK. We use concepts of citizenship to explore their rights to services, the effectiveness of active citizenship …
Chronology For Mountainous River Terraces: Osl/Irsl And Rock Dating Techniques Applied To Carbonate-Rich Terraces In The Atlas Mountains, Jr Zondervan, M Stokes, M Jain, J-P Buylaert, Mw Telfer, As Murray
Chronology For Mountainous River Terraces: Osl/Irsl And Rock Dating Techniques Applied To Carbonate-Rich Terraces In The Atlas Mountains, Jr Zondervan, M Stokes, M Jain, J-P Buylaert, Mw Telfer, As Murray
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Improvements in numerical dating methods continues to open new possibilities for understanding sedimentary archives and thus unravelling Earth surface processes (e.g. Rixhon et al, 2017). In general, the Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating is successful for deposits spanning last 100 ka, while Infra-Red Luminescence (IRSL) dating of feldspar can be applied on longer timescales (Buylaert et al, 2012). The Atlas Mountains in Morocco contain an abundance of carbonate-rich river terraces recording glacial-interglacial river evolution (Stokes et al., 2017) and are an ideal place to apply OSL techniques on mountainous river sediments deposited at distinct time scales. River strath terraces are …
On The Edge Of Exceptional Preservation: Insights Into The Role Of Redox State In Burgess Shale-Type Taphonomic Windows From The Mural Formation, Alberta, Canada, Erik A. Sperling, Uwe Balthasar, Christian B. Skovsted
On The Edge Of Exceptional Preservation: Insights Into The Role Of Redox State In Burgess Shale-Type Taphonomic Windows From The Mural Formation, Alberta, Canada, Erik A. Sperling, Uwe Balthasar, Christian B. Skovsted
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Naphthenic Acids In Oil Sands Process Waters: Identification By Conversion Of The Acids Or Esters To Hydrocarbons, Michael J. Wilde, Steven J. Rowland
Naphthenic Acids In Oil Sands Process Waters: Identification By Conversion Of The Acids Or Esters To Hydrocarbons, Michael J. Wilde, Steven J. Rowland
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Processes Of Distribution Of Pharmaceuticals In Surface Freshwaters: Implications For Risk Assessment, Sean Comber, Simone Bagnis, Jason Snape, Mark F. Fitzsimons, Alan Tappin
Processes Of Distribution Of Pharmaceuticals In Surface Freshwaters: Implications For Risk Assessment, Sean Comber, Simone Bagnis, Jason Snape, Mark F. Fitzsimons, Alan Tappin
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Soil Sterilisation Methods For Use In Oecd 106: How Effective Are They?, Katherine Lees, Mark Fitzsimons, Jason Snape, Alan Tappin, Sean Comber
Soil Sterilisation Methods For Use In Oecd 106: How Effective Are They?, Katherine Lees, Mark Fitzsimons, Jason Snape, Alan Tappin, Sean Comber
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Spaces Of Concern: Parliamentary Discourse On Britain's Overseas Territories., Nichola Harmer
Spaces Of Concern: Parliamentary Discourse On Britain's Overseas Territories., Nichola Harmer
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
The Future Trajectory Of Adverse Outcome Pathways: A Commentary, F Sewell, N Gellatly, M Beaumont, N Burden, R Currie, Haan L De, Th Hutchinson, M Jacobs, C Mahony, I Malcomber, J Mehta, G Whale, I Kimber
The Future Trajectory Of Adverse Outcome Pathways: A Commentary, F Sewell, N Gellatly, M Beaumont, N Burden, R Currie, Haan L De, Th Hutchinson, M Jacobs, C Mahony, I Malcomber, J Mehta, G Whale, I Kimber
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
The advent of adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) has provided a new lexicon for description of mechanistic toxicology, and a renewed enthusiasm for exploring modes of action resulting in adverse health and environmental effects. In addition, AOPs have been used successfully as a framework for the design and development of non-animal approaches to toxicity testing. Although the value of AOPs is widely recognised, there remain challenges and opportunities associated with their use in practise. The purpose of this article is to consider specifically how the future trajectory of AOPs may provide a basis for addressing some of those challenges and opportunities.
Intravenous Injection Of Unfunctionalized Carbon-Based Nanomaterials Confirms The Minimal Toxicity Observed In Aqueous And Dietary Exposures In Juvenile Rainbow Trout ( Oncorhynchus Mykiss ), David Boyle, Paul A. Sutton, Richard D. Handy, Theodore B. Henry
Intravenous Injection Of Unfunctionalized Carbon-Based Nanomaterials Confirms The Minimal Toxicity Observed In Aqueous And Dietary Exposures In Juvenile Rainbow Trout ( Oncorhynchus Mykiss ), David Boyle, Paul A. Sutton, Richard D. Handy, Theodore B. Henry
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients Entering The Aquatic Environment From Wastewater Treatment Works: A Cause For Concern?, Sean Comber, Mike Gardner, Pernilla Sörme, Dean Leverett, Brian Ellor
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients Entering The Aquatic Environment From Wastewater Treatment Works: A Cause For Concern?, Sean Comber, Mike Gardner, Pernilla Sörme, Dean Leverett, Brian Ellor
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Detecting Environmental Change: How Many Samples Are Required?, M. J. Gardner, S. D.W. Comber
Detecting Environmental Change: How Many Samples Are Required?, M. J. Gardner, S. D.W. Comber
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
One of the most important functions of environmental monitoring is the detection of change. This can be the delineation of deteriorating circumstances or the identification of the success of remedial measures. The design of effective monitoring of change (and hence the optimisation of resources devoted to monitoring) relies on appropriate replication - knowing how many samples are required. Lack of information on the variance of the measured parameter is often a barrier to determining the optimum sampling strategy. An important new information resource on within-site variance of the concentrations of over 60 trace substances in wastewater treatment works effluents has …
Quantified Moorland Vegetation And Assessment Of The Role Of Burning Over The Past Five Millennia, Ralph M. Fyfe, Havananda Ombashi, Heather J. Davies, Katie Head
Quantified Moorland Vegetation And Assessment Of The Role Of Burning Over The Past Five Millennia, Ralph M. Fyfe, Havananda Ombashi, Heather J. Davies, Katie Head
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
© 2017 International Association for Vegetation Science. Aims: To apply the Landscape Reconstruction Algorithm (LRA) to pollen count data from multiple sites to estimate local vegetation abundance and compare with charcoal-derived records of burning. Location: Exmoor, southwest England, UK. Methods: Pollen count data from 16 sites were transformed to estimates of distance-weighted vegetation abundance using the LRA (REVEALS and LOVE models), correcting for bias in pollen production and dispersal. Charcoal concentration data from six sites were normalized using Box-Cox transformation to produce z-scores. Moving-window correlation was undertaken to compare pollen percentage values for key taxa (Calluna, Poaceae) and localized burning. …
The Evolution Of The Silver Hills Volcanic Center, And Revised 40ar/39ar Geochronology Of Montserrat, Lesser Antilles, With Implications For Island Arc Volcanism, S. J. Hatter, M. R. Palmer, T. M. Gernon, R. N. Taylor, P. D. Cole, D. N. Barfod, M. Coussens
The Evolution Of The Silver Hills Volcanic Center, And Revised 40ar/39ar Geochronology Of Montserrat, Lesser Antilles, With Implications For Island Arc Volcanism, S. J. Hatter, M. R. Palmer, T. M. Gernon, R. N. Taylor, P. D. Cole, D. N. Barfod, M. Coussens
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Sterol Identification In Floating Arctic Sea Ice Algal Aggregates And The Antarctic Sea Ice Diatom Berkeleya Adeliensis, Simon T. Belt, Thomas A. Brown, Lukas Smik, Philipp Assmy, C. J. Mundy
Sterol Identification In Floating Arctic Sea Ice Algal Aggregates And The Antarctic Sea Ice Diatom Berkeleya Adeliensis, Simon T. Belt, Thomas A. Brown, Lukas Smik, Philipp Assmy, C. J. Mundy
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Archaeal And Bacterial Glycerol Dialkyl Glycerol Tetraether (Gdgt) Lipids In Environmental Samples By High Temperature-Gas Chromatography With Flame Ionisation And Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Detection, Sabine K. Lengger, Paul A. Sutton, Steven J. Rowland, Sarah J. Hurley, Ann Pearson, B. David A. Naafs, Xinyue Dang, Gordon N. Inglis, Richard D. Pancost
Archaeal And Bacterial Glycerol Dialkyl Glycerol Tetraether (Gdgt) Lipids In Environmental Samples By High Temperature-Gas Chromatography With Flame Ionisation And Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Detection, Sabine K. Lengger, Paul A. Sutton, Steven J. Rowland, Sarah J. Hurley, Ann Pearson, B. David A. Naafs, Xinyue Dang, Gordon N. Inglis, Richard D. Pancost
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Archaeal isoprenoidal glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraether lipids (iGDGTs) and their non-isoprenoidal branched bacterial analogues (brGDGTs) have widespread applications in biogeochemistry and paleothermometry. Analysis of GDGTs usually involves separation using high performance liquid chromatography, typically coupled via atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation to mass spectrometric detection in selected ion-monitoring mode (HPLC–APCI-MS). However, reliable determination of ratios and, in particular, quantification by this technique, can be challenging due to differences in ionisation efficiencies of the various compounds. Quantification of GDGTs also relies on external calibration of the relative response to an internal standard with authenticated GDGTs, which are often not readily accessible. Here, …
Differences In Leaf Thermoregulation And Water Use Strategies Between Three Co-Occurring Atlantic Forest Tree Species, Sophie Fauset, Helber C. Freitas, David R. Galbraith, Martin J.P. Sullivan, Marcos P.M. Aidar, Carlos A. Joly, Oliver L. Phillips, Simone A. Vieira, Manuel U. Gloor
Differences In Leaf Thermoregulation And Water Use Strategies Between Three Co-Occurring Atlantic Forest Tree Species, Sophie Fauset, Helber C. Freitas, David R. Galbraith, Martin J.P. Sullivan, Marcos P.M. Aidar, Carlos A. Joly, Oliver L. Phillips, Simone A. Vieira, Manuel U. Gloor
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Source-Specific Biomarkers As Proxies For Arctic And Antarctic Sea Ice, Simon T. Belt
Source-Specific Biomarkers As Proxies For Arctic And Antarctic Sea Ice, Simon T. Belt
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Research-Led Curriculum Innovation To Enhance Core Employability Attributes For Environmental Science Graduates, Charlotte Braungardt, Alison Stokes, C Guy, Paul Warwick
Research-Led Curriculum Innovation To Enhance Core Employability Attributes For Environmental Science Graduates, Charlotte Braungardt, Alison Stokes, C Guy, Paul Warwick
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Aims of project: To enhance graduate skills and cultivate professionalism, resilience and global citizenship through innovation of a research-led employability curriculum. Background/context to project: The lack of employability skills among STEM graduates, in particular environmental science, has been highlighted in the 2016 Wakeham Review and was identified as key area for curriculum development by internal reports (e.g. Kneale, 2016). Surveys consistently indicate that ‘soft’ skills, such as communication, team working and a positive ‘can do’ attitude are highly valued by employers (e.g. Archer & Davison, 2008; CBI, 2009; Lowden et al., 2011). At the same time, many undergraduate students experience …
Employability Voices: A Resource To Promote And Support Employability To Academics, Jane Collings, Sharon Gedye, Garren Baker, Mark Beresford, Annika Bautz, David Gilvear, Sarah Stevenson, Jean Almond
Employability Voices: A Resource To Promote And Support Employability To Academics, Jane Collings, Sharon Gedye, Garren Baker, Mark Beresford, Annika Bautz, David Gilvear, Sarah Stevenson, Jean Almond
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Aims of project: To produce a series of talking head videos from a range of stakeholders to compliment and support UoP work on employability in the curriculum.Background/context to project: The University, in meeting the challenges of TEF, needs to focus on improving student employability outcomes. This has been recognised by the Employability Jigsaw Project. An outcome of this has been to develop an ‘Employability in the Curriculum and Beyond’ website, with resources for academics on how to embed employability into degree programmes. This web resource is an excellent starting point, but would benefit and be strengthened by the presence of …
Factors Influencing Household Income In Poor Urban Slum Settlements In Bangladesh, S Rahman
Factors Influencing Household Income In Poor Urban Slum Settlements In Bangladesh, S Rahman
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
The paper examines the influence of socio-economic factors on monthly total household income in poor urban slum settlements in four secondary cities of Bangladesh (i.e., Tongi, Jessore, Mymensingh and Dinajpur) based on a census survey of 33,049 households using a Tobit model. Results reveal that all levels of education, public sector employment, business, self-employment, homestead land ownership, family size, female occupation and urban agriculture significantly increases income whereas households with female heads, unemployed heads and children under 5 earn significantly less income. Migrant households do not earn significantly less than the local residents. Geographical variation exist as income is significantly …
Fossils, Heritage And Conservation: Managing Demands On A Precious Resource, Kn Page
Fossils, Heritage And Conservation: Managing Demands On A Precious Resource, Kn Page
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
This book is an essential resource for geoscientists, park and geopark managers, tourism and regional planning managers, as well as university students interested in geoheritage, geosites, geomorphosites, geoconservation, and geotourism.
Hierarchical Creep Cavity Formation In An Ultramylonite And Implications For Phase Mixing, J Gilgannon, F Fusseis, L Menegon, K Regenauer-Lieb, J Buckman
Hierarchical Creep Cavity Formation In An Ultramylonite And Implications For Phase Mixing, J Gilgannon, F Fusseis, L Menegon, K Regenauer-Lieb, J Buckman
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Abstract. Establishing models for the formation of well-mixed polyphase domains in ultramylonites is difficult because the effects of large strains and thermo-hydro-chemo-mechanical feedbacks can obscure the transient phenomena that may be responsible for domain production. We use scanning electron microscopy and nanotomography to offer critical insights into how the microstructure of a highly deformed quartzo-feldspathic ultramylonite evolved. The dispersal of monomineralic quartz domains in the ultramylonite is interpreted to be the result of the emergence of synkinematic pores, called creep cavities. The cavities can be considered the product of two distinct mechanisms that formed hierarchically: Zener–Stroh cracking and viscous grain-boundary …
Constraining The Deforestation History Of Europe: Evaluation Of Historical Land Use Scenarios With Pollen-Based Land Cover Reconstructions, Jed O. Kaplan, Kristen M. Krumhardt, Marie José Gaillard, Shinya Sugita, Anna Kari Trondman, Ralph Fyfe, Laurent Marquer, Florence Mazier, Anne Birgitte Nielsen
Constraining The Deforestation History Of Europe: Evaluation Of Historical Land Use Scenarios With Pollen-Based Land Cover Reconstructions, Jed O. Kaplan, Kristen M. Krumhardt, Marie José Gaillard, Shinya Sugita, Anna Kari Trondman, Ralph Fyfe, Laurent Marquer, Florence Mazier, Anne Birgitte Nielsen
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Active Normal Faults And Coupled Landscape Response: Bedrock Variability In The Southern Gulf Of Corinth, Central Greece, Jr Zondervan, Ac Whittaker, Re Bell, Se Watkins, Sas Brooke
Active Normal Faults And Coupled Landscape Response: Bedrock Variability In The Southern Gulf Of Corinth, Central Greece, Jr Zondervan, Ac Whittaker, Re Bell, Se Watkins, Sas Brooke
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Fluvial erosion processes control landscape response to climatic and tectonic signals and its propagation into sedimentary basins. Considerable effort has gone into quantifying and modelling the effect of changes in uplift rates on fluvial erosion in bedrock rivers. However, current landscape models, based on stream power, tend to ignore the effects bedrock variability. The lack of available data relating rock strength to bedrock erodibility in fluvial settings has limited our ability to explore this question. Recent attempts at modelling to resolve this issue rely on indirect or theoretical rock strength properties. An alternative approach requires field measurements of rock strength …