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Measuring The Performance Of Partnerships: Why, What, How, When?, C Kelly
Measuring The Performance Of Partnerships: Why, What, How, When?, C Kelly
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Partnerships have become increasingly prevalent across a wide range of sectors for the delivery of services and implementation of policy. Partnerships are seen as a more effective way of delivering policy interventions than state-led or ‘top-down’ approaches. Evaluating partnership performance is therefore crucial in order to determine whether partnerships really are better than more traditional methods of policy implementation. To date, however, partnership effectiveness has often been conceptualised as cumulative; the result of a set of variables acting in a one dimensional, linear way which results in the ability (or not) of a partnership to achieve its goals. This paper …
Tectonic And Climatic Controls On Knickpoint Retreat Rates And Landscape Response Times, Alexander C. Whittaker, Sarah J. Boulton
Tectonic And Climatic Controls On Knickpoint Retreat Rates And Landscape Response Times, Alexander C. Whittaker, Sarah J. Boulton
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Environmental Constraints And Profitability Relationships In Agriculture: A Case Study Of Wheat Farming In Bangladesh, S Rahman, Mk Hasan
Environmental Constraints And Profitability Relationships In Agriculture: A Case Study Of Wheat Farming In Bangladesh, S Rahman, Mk Hasan
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
This article attempts to measure the influence of environmental constraints on profitability and resource use in agriculture by utilizing survey data of 293 wheat farmers from three regions of Bangladesh. Analysis is based on a profit function, where the selected variables representing environmental constraints were incorporated as additional fixed factors. Results revealed that environmental constraints have a significant influence on both profitability and farmers' resource allocation decisions. Output supply and input demands were significantly affected by land suitability and other environmental constraints (i.e. a combination of poor soil fertility, pest and weed infestation and weather variation). The policy implications include …
Iucn Uk Commission Of Inquiry On Peatlands, Cg Bain, A Bonn, R Stoneman, S Chapman, A Coupar, M Evans, B Gearey, M Howat, H Joosten, C Keenleyside, J Labadz, R Lindsay, N Littlewood, Paul Lunt, Cj Miller, A Moxey, H Orr, M Reed, P Smith, V Swales, Dba Thompson, Ps Thompson, R Van De Noort, Jd Wilson, F Worrall
Iucn Uk Commission Of Inquiry On Peatlands, Cg Bain, A Bonn, R Stoneman, S Chapman, A Coupar, M Evans, B Gearey, M Howat, H Joosten, C Keenleyside, J Labadz, R Lindsay, N Littlewood, Paul Lunt, Cj Miller, A Moxey, H Orr, M Reed, P Smith, V Swales, Dba Thompson, Ps Thompson, R Van De Noort, Jd Wilson, F Worrall
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Peatlands are areas of land with a naturally accumulated layer ofpeat. These are formed under waterlogged conditions from carbonrich, dead and decaying plant material. In the UK mosses, mainlySphagnum species, are the main formers of peat.Peatlands are found in at least 175 countries – from the tropics to the poles– and cover around 4 million km2or 3% of the world’s land area. In Europe,peatlands extend to ca. 515,000 km2. The UK is amongst the top ten nationsof the world in terms of its total peatland area. The UK has between 9-15%of Europe’s peatland area (46,000-77,000 km2) and about 13% of …
Diversification Economies And Efficiencies In A ‘Blue-Green Revolution’ Combination: A Case Study Of Prawn-Carp-Rice Farming In The ‘Gher’ System In Bangladesh, S Rahman, Bk Barmon, N Ahmed
Diversification Economies And Efficiencies In A ‘Blue-Green Revolution’ Combination: A Case Study Of Prawn-Carp-Rice Farming In The ‘Gher’ System In Bangladesh, S Rahman, Bk Barmon, N Ahmed
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Gher' farming is a unique system that incorporates the joint operation of three enterprises: freshwater prawn, fish and HYV rice and is expanding rapidly in the coastal regions of Bangladesh. In this paper we evaluate the performance of this unique system in terms of the existence of diversification economies (amongst the three integrated enterprises), scale economies and technical efficiency using a stochastic input distance function approach on a sample of gher farmers. The results reveal evidence of a diversification economy in the rice-carp combination. Economies of scale exist in the 'gher' farming system. The level of technical efficiency is estimated …
Resource Use Efficiency Under Self‐Selectivity: The Case Of Bangladeshi Rice Producers, S Rahman
Resource Use Efficiency Under Self‐Selectivity: The Case Of Bangladeshi Rice Producers, S Rahman
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
The paper jointly evaluates the determinants of switching to modern rice and its productivity while allowing for production inefficiency at the level of individual producers. Model diagnostics reveal that serious selection bias exists, justifying the use of a sample selection framework in stochastic frontier models. Results revealed that modern variety selection decisions are influenced positively by the availability of irrigation and gross return from rice and negatively by a rise in the relative wage of labour. Adoption of modern rice is higher in underdeveloped regions. Seasonality and geography/location does matter in adoption decisions. Stochastic production frontier results reveal that land, …
An Evaluation Of The Toxicity And Bioaccumulation Of Cisplatin In The Marine Environment Using The Macroalga, Ulva Lactuca., Cecilia Easton, Andrew Turner, Graham Sewell
An Evaluation Of The Toxicity And Bioaccumulation Of Cisplatin In The Marine Environment Using The Macroalga, Ulva Lactuca., Cecilia Easton, Andrew Turner, Graham Sewell
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
The cytotoxic drug, cisplatin (cis-PtCl(2)(NH(3))(2)), has been added to cultures of the marine macroalga, Ulva lactuca, under various experimental conditions. Both accumulation and internalisation over a 48 h period was greater when cisplatin was added to coastal sea water (salinity = 33) from a distilled water solution than when added to either sea water or estuarine water (salinity = 16.5) from a saline solution. This effect is attributed to the greater abundance of the more reactive monoaqua complex (cis-PtCl(OH(2))(NH(3))(2)(+)) in the distilled water solution and kinetic constraints on its conversion back to cis-PtCl(2)(NH(3))(2) in sea water. Despite its mode of …
Six Decades Of Agricultural Land Use Change In Bangladesh: Effects On Crop Diversity, Productivity, Food Availability And The Environment, 1948-2006, S Rahman
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
This paper provides a detailed analysis of agricultural land use change in Bangladesh over a 59-year period (1948-2006) and examines how these have impacted crop diversity, productivity, food availability and the environment. The key findings of the analysis are: first, land use intensity has increased significantly over this period, mainly from the widespread adoption of a rice-based Green Revolution technology package beginning in the early 1960s; second, contrary to expectation, crop diversity too has increased; third, although land productivity has increased significantly, declines in the productivity of fertilizers and pesticides raise doubts over sustaining agricultural growth; fourth, food availability has …
Mollusk Species At A Pliocene Shelf Whale Fall (Orciano Pisano, Tuscany), S Danise, S Dominici, U Betocchi
Mollusk Species At A Pliocene Shelf Whale Fall (Orciano Pisano, Tuscany), S Danise, S Dominici, U Betocchi
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
The recovery of an intact, 10 m long fossil baleen whale from the Pliocene of Tuscany (Italy) offers the first opportunity to study the paleoecology of a fully developed, natural whale-fall community at outer shelf depth. Quantitative data on mollusk species from the whale fall have been compared with data from the sediments below and around the bones, representing the fauna living in the muddy bottom before and during the sinking of the carcass, but at a distance from it. Although the bulk of the fauna associated with the fossil bones is dominated by the same heterotrophs as found in …
Determinants Of Agricultural Land Rental Market Transactions In Bangladesh, S Rahman
Determinants Of Agricultural Land Rental Market Transactions In Bangladesh, S Rahman
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Land rental market transactions have been the norm in land scarce rural Bangladesh mainly due to the inadequacies of the governmental land distribution system to meet the growing demand for land and to correct imbalances in factor proportions at the farm-level. The present study jointly determines the socio-economic factors underlying decision to rent-in land and/or rent-out land by the Bangladeshi farmers in the land rental market using a bivariate Tobit model. The model diagnostic reveals that the decisions to rent-in and/or rent-out land is significantly correlated, implying that univariate analysis of such decisions are biased, thereby, justifying the use of …
Women’S Labour Contribution To Productivity And Efficiency In Agriculture: Empirical Evidence From Bangladesh, S Rahman
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
This article examines the contribution of women’s labour input to productivity and efficiency in crop farming using a large survey dataset of 1,839 households from 16 villages in two agro-ecological regions of Bangladesh. Results reveal that female labour accounts for a substantial 28% of total labour use (mainly supplied from the family) and contributes significantly to productivity as well as technical efficiency. Contrary to expectation, the cost share of female labour input is significantly higher than the male share, and has a substitution relationship with all other inputs, including male labour. The estimated mean level of technical efficiency is 0.90, …
Speciation And Reactivity Of Cisplatin In River Water And Seawater., Lisa Curtis, Andrew Turner, Nitin Vyas, Graham Sewell
Speciation And Reactivity Of Cisplatin In River Water And Seawater., Lisa Curtis, Andrew Turner, Nitin Vyas, Graham Sewell
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
The adsorption of the cytostatic anticancer drug, cisplatin (cis-PtCl(2)(NH(3))(2)), has been studied after its addition to suspensions of estuarine sediment in river water and seawater. After a 16 h reaction period, adsorption was significantly greater in river water (sediment-water distribution coefficient, K(D), of 400 mL g(-1)) than that in seawater (K(D) approximately 150 mL g(-1)) because of the ready aquation of cisplatin to the more reactive monoaquacisplatin (cis-PtCl(OH(2))(NH(3))(2)(+)) at low chloride ion concentrations. Adsorption in river water was enhanced (K(D) approximately 2000 mL g(-1)) by a 24 h period of preincubation in the aqueous phase in which aquation proceeded further. …
An Exclusive Countryside? Crime Concern, Social Exclusion And Community Policing In Two English Villages, Richard Yarwood
An Exclusive Countryside? Crime Concern, Social Exclusion And Community Policing In Two English Villages, Richard Yarwood
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Risk, Rescue And Emergency Services: The Changing Spatialities Of Mountain Rescue Teams In England And Wales, Richard Yarwood
Risk, Rescue And Emergency Services: The Changing Spatialities Of Mountain Rescue Teams In England And Wales, Richard Yarwood
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Enhancing The Learning Experience In Undergraduate Geoscience Fieldwork Through The Use Of Hand-Held Technologies, Meriel Fitzpatrick, Jason Truscott
Enhancing The Learning Experience In Undergraduate Geoscience Fieldwork Through The Use Of Hand-Held Technologies, Meriel Fitzpatrick, Jason Truscott
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Aims of projectTo evaluate the effectiveness of electronic and lab-based exercises in preparing students to use PDAs in the field; To investigate the pedagogic impact of PDAs during fieldwork; To enhance the learning material delivered through PDAs to support learning in the field. Background to project (or context)The idea for this project emerged from a development project which evaluated the use of learning technologies during Stage 1 and 2 geoscience fieldwork located in Kingsand/Cawsand, (FitzPatrick, 2009). This previous project provided significant insight into the student experience of using PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants) during fieldwork, and raised some interesting questions about …
Development Of A Student Resource For Problem-Based Learning In Ecological Economics Informed By Student Experience And Reflection, Lynda Rodwell
Development Of A Student Resource For Problem-Based Learning In Ecological Economics Informed By Student Experience And Reflection, Lynda Rodwell
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Ecological Economics is concerned with linking human behaviour to the environment via the economy. An Ecological Economist aims to solve real life problems such as traffic congestion, excessive emissions levels and unsustainable consumption levels. This fellowship was needed in order to fill the gap in resources available to students by giving them active role in the creation of a resource to aid problem based learning (PBL) in the field of Ecological Economics.To develop a student resource to improve the learning and teaching experience for problem-based learning in Ecological Economics.To use student experience and reflection to inform the development of problem …
Modern Seawater Acidification: The Response Of Foraminifera To High-Co2 Conditions In The Mediterranean Sea, B. B. Dias, M. B. Hart, C. W. Smart, J. M. Hall-Spencer
Modern Seawater Acidification: The Response Of Foraminifera To High-Co2 Conditions In The Mediterranean Sea, B. B. Dias, M. B. Hart, C. W. Smart, J. M. Hall-Spencer
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Peatland Restoration. Report To Iucn Uk Peatland Programme., Paul Lunt, T Allott, P Anderson, M Buckler, A Coupar, P Jones, J Labadz, P Worrall
Peatland Restoration. Report To Iucn Uk Peatland Programme., Paul Lunt, T Allott, P Anderson, M Buckler, A Coupar, P Jones, J Labadz, P Worrall
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
The focus of this review paper is on peatland restoration, in particular what are the policies,present drivers and examples of best practice within the UK. The aim is to review opportunitiesand constraints to peatland restoration and make recommendations which could be used toinform future policy.Peatlands are wetlands in which restoration typically has three main aims. Firstly, to managevegetation more effectively to restore sites and their conservation features to favourablecondition; secondly, where feasible, to restore peat formation; and finally appropriatemanagement of water (chiefly peat wetness, but also water quality, runoff volume and timing)Vegetation management occurs on a continuum from the vegetation …
Pyrosequencing Of Mytilus Galloprovincialis Cdnas: Tissue-Specific Expression Patterns, Ja Craft, Ja Gilbert, B Temperton, Ke Dempsey, K Ashelford, B Tiwari, Th Hutchinson, Jk Chipman
Pyrosequencing Of Mytilus Galloprovincialis Cdnas: Tissue-Specific Expression Patterns, Ja Craft, Ja Gilbert, B Temperton, Ke Dempsey, K Ashelford, B Tiwari, Th Hutchinson, Jk Chipman
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Microdeterminants Of Poverty Among The Farming Population In Bangladesh, S Rahman
Microdeterminants Of Poverty Among The Farming Population In Bangladesh, S Rahman
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
This paper examines the determinants of poverty among the farming population of Bangladesh by applying a probit model with heteroscedastic structure (hetprobit). The model diagnostic reveals that the choice of hetprobit instead of a standard probit is more appropriate in this case. Among the socioeconomic factors, land ownership, farm resource endowments and non-agricultural income significantly reduce the probability of becoming poor. On the other hand, the number of dependants and education of female members significantly increase the likelihood of becoming poor. Adoption of green revolution technology does not seem to have any significant influence on the likelihood of being poor. …
Whether Crop Diversification Is A Desired Strategy For Agricultural Growth In Bangladesh?, S Rahman
Whether Crop Diversification Is A Desired Strategy For Agricultural Growth In Bangladesh?, S Rahman
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
This study aimed at examining the merit of crop diversification as a strategy for agricultural growth in Bangladesh. Specifically, the existence of economies of diversification, scale economies and diversification efficiencies at the farm level were examined using a stochastic input-distance function approach. The results reveal strong evidence of diversification economies amongst most crop enterprises except the combination of modern rice and modern wheat enterprises. Ray economies of scale exist in Bangladeshi cropping system. Also, significant are efficiency gains made from diversification among cropping enterprises. The key policy implication is that crop diversification should be a desired strategy for agricultural growth …
Production Efficiency Of Jasmine Rice Producers In Northern And North‐Eastern Thailand, S Rahman, A Wiboonpongse, S Sriboonchitta, Y Chaovanapoonphol
Production Efficiency Of Jasmine Rice Producers In Northern And North‐Eastern Thailand, S Rahman, A Wiboonpongse, S Sriboonchitta, Y Chaovanapoonphol
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
The paper jointly evaluates the determinants of switching to Jasmine rice and its productivity while allowing for production inefficiency at the level of individual producers. Model diagnostics reveal that serious selection bias exists, justifying use of a sample selection framework in stochastic frontier models. Results from the probit variety selection equation reveal that gross return (mainly powered by significantly higher Jasmine rice price), access to irrigation and education are the important determinants of choosing Jasmine rice. Results from the stochastic production frontier reveal that land, irrigation and fertilisers are the significant determinants of Jasmine rice productivity. Significantly lower productivity in …
Impacts Of Climate Change On Indirect Human Exposure To Pathogens And Chemicals From Agriculture, Aba Boxall, A Hardy, S Beulke, T Boucard, L Burgin, Pd Falloon, Pm Haygarth, T Hutchinson, Rs Kovats, G Leonardi, Ls Levy, G Nichols, Sa Parsons, L Potts, D Stone, E Topp, Db Turley, K Walsh, Emh Wellington, Rj Williams
Impacts Of Climate Change On Indirect Human Exposure To Pathogens And Chemicals From Agriculture, Aba Boxall, A Hardy, S Beulke, T Boucard, L Burgin, Pd Falloon, Pm Haygarth, T Hutchinson, Rs Kovats, G Leonardi, Ls Levy, G Nichols, Sa Parsons, L Potts, D Stone, E Topp, Db Turley, K Walsh, Emh Wellington, Rj Williams
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
Objective Climate change is likely to affect the nature of pathogens and chemicals in the environment and their fate and transport. Future risks of pathogens and chemicals could therefore be very different from those of today. In this review, we assess the implications of climate change for changes in human exposures to pathogens and chemicals in agricultural systems in the United Kingdom and discuss the subsequent effects on health impacts. Data sources In this review, we used expert input and considered literature on climate change; health effects resulting from exposure to pathogens and chemicals arising from agriculture; inputs of chemicals …
Profits, Supply And Hyv Adoption In Bangladesh, S Rahman, B Shankar
Profits, Supply And Hyv Adoption In Bangladesh, S Rahman, B Shankar
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
The adoption of HYVs (High Yielding Varieties), for increased farm profitability, and the accelerated supply of cereals are important objectives for Bangladesh agriculture. In this paper, we have investigated the manner in which price and non-price factor affect these three criteria, based upon a model of rational variety choice. The model is empirically implemented using translog profit functions and a switching regression framework, and applied to a cross-sectional farm-level dataset of Bangladeshi farms for the 1996 crop year. Results indicate that rice prices, land availability, irrigation, rural infrastructure, labour wages and prices of animal power services are important factors, while …
Quantifying The Slip Rates, Spatial Distribution And Evolution Of Active Normal Faults From Geomorphic Analysis: Field Examples From An Oblique-Extensional Graben, Southern Turkey, Sarah J. Boulton, Alexander C. Whittaker
Quantifying The Slip Rates, Spatial Distribution And Evolution Of Active Normal Faults From Geomorphic Analysis: Field Examples From An Oblique-Extensional Graben, Southern Turkey, Sarah J. Boulton, Alexander C. Whittaker
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Learning From Experience In Urban Programming: The Case Of Shahar Project In Bangladesh, S Rahman
Learning From Experience In Urban Programming: The Case Of Shahar Project In Bangladesh, S Rahman
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
The article offers a reflective analysis of various problems encountered and lessons learned in implementing a programme to improve the livelihood security of the urban poor in secondary cities of Bangladesh. The study is based on the author's involvement as an external action-research partner, and a review of relevant secondary literature. A number of key lessons emerge for the success of project operations. These are the need for (1) a clear understanding of the links between project activities and project objectives by all staff; (2) capacity building for all staff tailored to their needs; (3) clear targeting criteria and programme …
Record Of Cenozoic Sedimentation From The Amanos Mountains, Southern Turkey: Implications For The Inception And Evolution Of The Arabia-Eurasia Continental Collision, Sarah J. Boulton
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
'Country Life'? Rurality, Folk Music And 'Show Of Hands', Richard Yarwood, Clive Charlton
'Country Life'? Rurality, Folk Music And 'Show Of Hands', Richard Yarwood, Clive Charlton
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
No abstract provided.
Impact Of Land Fragmentation And Resource Ownership On Productivity And Efficiency: The Case Of Rice Producers In Bangladesh, S Rahman, M Rahman
Impact Of Land Fragmentation And Resource Ownership On Productivity And Efficiency: The Case Of Rice Producers In Bangladesh, S Rahman, M Rahman
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
The paper analyzes the impact of land fragmentation and ownership of resources on productivity and technical efficiency in rice production in Bangladesh using farm level survey data. Results reveal that land fragmentation has a significant detrimental effect on productivity and efficiency as expected. The elasticity estimates of land fragmentation reveal that a 1% increase in land fragmentation reduces rice output by 0.05% and efficiency by 0.03%. On the other hand, ownership of key resources (land, family labour, and draft animals) significantly increases efficiency. The mean elasticity estimates reveal that a 1% increase in family labour and owned draft animal improve …
Farm Productivity And Efficiency In Rural Bangladesh: The Role Of Education Revisited, Mn Asadullah, S Rahman
Farm Productivity And Efficiency In Rural Bangladesh: The Role Of Education Revisited, Mn Asadullah, S Rahman
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences
This article reassesses the debate over the role of education in farm production in Bangladesh using a large dataset on rice producing households from 141 villages. Average and stochastic production frontier functions are estimated to ascertain the effect of education on productivity and efficiency. A full set of proxies for farm education stock variables are incorporated to investigate the 'internal' as well as 'external' returns to education. The external effect is investigated in the context of rural neighbourhoods. Our analysis reveals that in addition to raising rice productivity and boosting potential output, household education significantly reduces production inefficiencies. However, we …