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The Functional Anatomy Of The Uretero-Vesical Junction. A Historical Review, Rabie E. Abdel-Halim, Thoraya E. Abdel-Maguid
The Functional Anatomy Of The Uretero-Vesical Junction. A Historical Review, Rabie E. Abdel-Halim, Thoraya E. Abdel-Maguid
Saudi Medical Journal
This paper evaluates the progress of anatomy and dissection during the Middle Ages both in Europe and in the Muslim World. For that purpose, the functional anatomy of the ureterovesical junction and the mechanism of micturition were studied both in the works of Galen (130-200 AD) and in the works of 6 Islamic medical scholars who lived in the period from the ninth to the thirteenth centuries AD (Alrazi, Alzahrawi, Ibn Sina, Al-Baghdadi, Ibn El Nefis and Ibn El Quff). The study relied, only, on original sources in the form of authentic editions and manuscripts. In general, the ideas and …
Cd44 Mediates Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Motility On Hyaluronan, Khalil A. Aziz
Cd44 Mediates Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Motility On Hyaluronan, Khalil A. Aziz
Saudi Medical Journal
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the behavior of polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes on the extracellular matrix carbohydrate component, hyaluronan (HA), in the presence and absence of the chemokine, interleukin-8 (IL-8). METHODS: The present study was conducted at the Department of Hematology, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom, between the period 2000 to 2001. Polymorphonuclear cells were isolated from whole venous blood using Mono-Poly-Resolving Medium. Purified PMN were added alone or with IL-8 to HA-coated plates and the behavior of these cells monitored by time-lapse video microscopy over a period of 40 minutes. For the identification of surface receptor(s) mediating PMN migration on HA, PMN …
Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate Levels In Women. Relationships With Body Mass Index, Insulin And Glucose Levels, Rowydan N. Al-Harithy
Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate Levels In Women. Relationships With Body Mass Index, Insulin And Glucose Levels, Rowydan N. Al-Harithy
Saudi Medical Journal
OBJECTIVE: Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and DHEA-sulfate (DHEA-S) are the most abundant steroids in human plasma. Previous studies have shown that administration of DHEA-S is more effective than DHEA in reducing adipose tissue mass and cellularity in rats. Another study suggested that maintaining high levels of DHEA-S might prevent the development of obesity. Therefore, this study aims to determine the relationship of plasma dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) levels with respect to obesity, fasting insulin and glucose levels in a cohort of obese and normal weight healthy Saudi women. METHODS: This study was carried out at King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi …
Does Regular Garlic Intake Affect The Prevalence Of Helicobacter Pylori In Asymptomatic Subjects?, Barik A. Salih, Fatih M. Abasiyanik
Does Regular Garlic Intake Affect The Prevalence Of Helicobacter Pylori In Asymptomatic Subjects?, Barik A. Salih, Fatih M. Abasiyanik
Saudi Medical Journal
OBJECTIVE: The in vitro antibacterial activity of garlic against Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) is well documented and the potential for its use in vivo was suggested. Garlic intake, a traditional habit by the Taskopru population in Turkey for decades, was examined for its effect on the prevalence of H. pylori and compared with the non garlic consuming group. METHODS: Eighty-one garlic consuming asymptomatic subjects in Kastamonu province in Turkey (68 males, 13 females) of 23-82 years of age (average 46) were selected on a very restricted bases in regards to the garlic intake (raw or cooked, or both), amount, duration and …
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Among A Snoring Community, Abdullah M. Al-Rubaish, Abdullah M. Mangoud, Mahdi S. Abumadini, Ahmed A. Bahnassy, Fahd A. Al-Muhanna, Abdulaziz A. Al-Nwasser
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Among A Snoring Community, Abdullah M. Al-Rubaish, Abdullah M. Mangoud, Mahdi S. Abumadini, Ahmed A. Bahnassy, Fahd A. Al-Muhanna, Abdulaziz A. Al-Nwasser
Saudi Medical Journal
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relation between snoring and the presence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in terms of relevant health parameters and questionnaire responses. METHODS: Selective random sampling within a household survey in the cities of Al-Khobar and Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia over a 3 month period during the year 2000, was carried out. One hundred and fifty-two persons, aged 17-62 years, with a positive history of snoring as determined by the spouse or other members of the family were selected. RESULTS: The presence of OSA was determined using the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS). The predictors included age, gender …
Musculoskeletal Pain In The Community, Abdurhman S. Al-Arfaj, Suliman R. Alballa, Abdullah N. Al-Dalaan, Salman S. Al-Saleh, Mohammed A. Al-Sekeit, Sultan A. Bahabri, Mohammed A. Mousa
Musculoskeletal Pain In The Community, Abdurhman S. Al-Arfaj, Suliman R. Alballa, Abdullah N. Al-Dalaan, Salman S. Al-Saleh, Mohammed A. Al-Sekeit, Sultan A. Bahabri, Mohammed A. Mousa
Saudi Medical Journal
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of musculoskeletal (MSK) pain in Al-Qaseem province in central Saudi Arabia. METHODS: Over a period of 18 months extending from September 1993 through to the end of February 1995, a house-to-house survey was conducted in Al-Qaseem province and included 5,894 adults asking regarding musculoskeletal pain. RESULTS: We obtained a response from 5,823 (98.8%), 2,667 (45.8%) men, and 3,156 (54.2%) women. The mean age was 34.14 +/= 15.16 years. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 1,477 (25.4%), 762 (13.1%) men and 715 (12.3%) women. Musculoskeletal pain was significantly correlated with age (r =0.454), married status (r=0.238), unemployment …
Toxoplasmosis In Pregnant Sudanese Women, Amir Elnahas, Abd S. Gerais, Mustafa I. Elbashir, Eltoum S. Eldien, Ishag Adam
Toxoplasmosis In Pregnant Sudanese Women, Amir Elnahas, Abd S. Gerais, Mustafa I. Elbashir, Eltoum S. Eldien, Ishag Adam
Saudi Medical Journal
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to conduct a sero-epidemiological survey of toxoplasmosis in pregnant Sudanese women. METHODS: Four hundred and eighty-seven pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Khartoum and Omdurman, Maternity Hospitals, Sudan during the period June through to December 2000 were counselled for socio-demographic and obstetrical risk factors for toxoplasmosis, and screened for immunoglobin G (IgG) and IgM anti-toxoplasma antibodies using enzyme linked immunoassay. RESULTS: Immunoglobin G anti-toxoplasma antibodies were positive (titre > 11 IU/ml) in 166/487 (34.1%), while 321/487(65.9%) were sero-negative. The sera of 35 women showed very high titres (>100 IU/ml), 5/35 (14.3%) were IgM-positive. …
The Relation Of Smoking To Body Mass Index And Central Obesity Among Omani Male Adults, Asya A. Al-Riyami, Mustafa M. Afifi
The Relation Of Smoking To Body Mass Index And Central Obesity Among Omani Male Adults, Asya A. Al-Riyami, Mustafa M. Afifi
Saudi Medical Journal
OBJECTIVE: Despite the prevalence that smoking has declined in many countries, there is a large increase in the number of young adults starting to smoke and in per capita cigarette consumption. In some studies smoking was associated with a lower body mass index (BMI) and increased waist hip ratio (WHR). Our aim is to study the association of smoking with BMI and WHR among male adults aged 20 years and above in a community based survey as a part of the National Health Survey, 2000. METHODS: A cross sectional survey representing all parts of Oman was designed in the year …
Impact Of Clinical Teaching On Students Knowledge Acquisition, Shabih Manzar
Impact Of Clinical Teaching On Students Knowledge Acquisition, Shabih Manzar
Saudi Medical Journal
OBJECTIVE: We are in the process of curriculum revision and for that we need to know the strengths and weaknesses of the current teaching program and the venue that may need more attention. To proceed with this aim, we conducted this study. METHODS: The study was conducted on 2 groups of students rotating through nursery as a part of Pediatrics clerkship at King Faisal University, Dammam, KSA, during a 2 month study, April through to May 2001. A 15 item questionnaire was developed for testing. By using a pre-test post-test model, we looked at the scores achieved by the students …
Physical Assault On A Medical Resident, Abdullah H. Al-Zayed, Anwar A. Jammah, Mansour Al-Nozha
Physical Assault On A Medical Resident, Abdullah H. Al-Zayed, Anwar A. Jammah, Mansour Al-Nozha
Saudi Medical Journal
We report a physical assault on a 25-year-old male medical resident who was on-call in the emergency room. Causes of assault on physicians as well as how they can be avoided are discussed.
Colocynth Toxicity. A Possible Cause Of Bloody Diarrhea, Sarosh A. Khan, Hamdi H. Shelleh, Abdul R. Bhat, Khalid S. Bhat
Colocynth Toxicity. A Possible Cause Of Bloody Diarrhea, Sarosh A. Khan, Hamdi H. Shelleh, Abdul R. Bhat, Khalid S. Bhat
Saudi Medical Journal
Five cases of toxicity due to consumption of an uncommon wild fruit called Colocynth are described. These cases were seen over a period of 2 years. Severe bouts of bloody diarrhea were encountered in these patients. The plant, its ingredients, the medicinal and other uses, features of toxicity and the management is discussed. Doctors are advised to be aware of this uncommon clinical problem.
Antisperm Antibodies And Unexplained Infertility In Syria. An Unsolved Problem?, Fawza M. Monem, Hassan A. Moalla
Antisperm Antibodies And Unexplained Infertility In Syria. An Unsolved Problem?, Fawza M. Monem, Hassan A. Moalla
Saudi Medical Journal
No abstract provided.
Adhesive Intestinal Obstruction In Infants And Children, Ahmed H. Al-Salem
Adhesive Intestinal Obstruction In Infants And Children, Ahmed H. Al-Salem
Saudi Medical Journal
No abstract provided.
Sars: The Emergence Of A New Epidemic, Fahad A. Al-Ateeg
Sars: The Emergence Of A New Epidemic, Fahad A. Al-Ateeg
Saudi Medical Journal
No abstract provided.
Prevalence And Predictors Of Diabetic Foot Syndrome In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus In Jordan, Abdulkareem S. Jbour, Nadim S. Jarrah, Abdelrahman M. Radaideh, Nadima S. Shegem, Ismail M. Bader, Anwar M. Batieha, Kamel M. Ajlouni
Prevalence And Predictors Of Diabetic Foot Syndrome In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus In Jordan, Abdulkareem S. Jbour, Nadim S. Jarrah, Abdelrahman M. Radaideh, Nadima S. Shegem, Ismail M. Bader, Anwar M. Batieha, Kamel M. Ajlouni
Saudi Medical Journal
OBJECTIVE: To detect feet changes and to identify risk factors leading to amputation among type 2 diabetics. METHODS: A total of 1142 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus; 595 males (52%), and 547 females (48%) were seen between January and December 2001 at the National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Genetics (NCDG) Amman, Jordan. The mean age was 56.1 years (SD=10.2) and the mean duration of diabetes was 9 years (SD=7.1). All patients had a complete medical assessment including history, physical examination, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (the mean of the last 4 readings) and microalbuminuria. Statistical analysis were performed to identify …
Clinical Profile Of Myasthenia Gravis In The Sultanate Of Oman, Poovathoor C. Jacob, John T. Tharakan, Pratap R. Chand, Roshan L. Koul, Alexander P. Chacko
Clinical Profile Of Myasthenia Gravis In The Sultanate Of Oman, Poovathoor C. Jacob, John T. Tharakan, Pratap R. Chand, Roshan L. Koul, Alexander P. Chacko
Saudi Medical Journal
OBJECTIVE: Clinical study and follow up of myasthenia gravis patients in Oman. METHODS: Follow up of 50 consecutive myasthenia gravis patients referred to the Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Oman for a median period of 3 years from 1997 to 2000. We based the diagnosis on the clinical picture, repetitive nerve stimulation tests and edrophonium test. We performed a computerized tomography scan of the chest and anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies. We reviewed the results of immuno modulatory treatment including thymectomy and compared these with other studies. RESULTS: Of 50 patients, 6 had purely ocular myasthenia. Of the 44 with generalized myasthenia, 28 …
Ultrasound As A Primary Tool To Evaluate Patients With Blunt Abdominal Trauma, Hassan A. Musa
Ultrasound As A Primary Tool To Evaluate Patients With Blunt Abdominal Trauma, Hassan A. Musa
Saudi Medical Journal
No abstract provided.
Chronic Renal Insufficiency In Pregnancy, Mumtaz Rashid, Haroon M. Rashid
Chronic Renal Insufficiency In Pregnancy, Mumtaz Rashid, Haroon M. Rashid
Saudi Medical Journal
This article attempts to assess the nature, severity and management of the risks associated with pregnancy in chronic renal insufficiency and end-stage renal disease, including dialysis and transplant recipients. Women with serum creatinine levels of >125 mmol/l are at an increased risk for deterioration in renal function, hypertension with superimposed pre-eclampsia and obstetric complications. Rigid control of hypertension is crucial for a successful pregnancy outcome. A range of antihypertensive drugs are available with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors being contraindicated. Women on dialysis have low fertility rates that return to normal following renal transplantation. Immunosuppresive drugs are not associated with increased …
Retinopathy Of Prematurity At A University Hospital In Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Saleh A. Al-Amro, Turki M. Al-Kharfi, Abdulla A. Thabit, Saleh M. Al-Mofada
Retinopathy Of Prematurity At A University Hospital In Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Saleh A. Al-Amro, Turki M. Al-Kharfi, Abdulla A. Thabit, Saleh M. Al-Mofada
Saudi Medical Journal
OBJECTIVE: To prospectively study the incidence and nature of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) at a University Hospital in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. METHODS: This study was carried out the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of King Khalid University Hospital in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. One hundred and ninety-five consecutive preterm infants with a birth weight of 2000 g or less were screened for ROP. The first examination was performed at 4-7 weeks of postnatal age. RESULTS: Mean gestational age of all premature infants was 28.4 ± 2.4 weeks (range 22-34), mean birth weight was 1103 ± 302 g (range …
Pattern Of Infant Feeding At A University Hospital In Western Saudi Arabia, Nadia M. Fida, Jumama Y. Al-Aama
Pattern Of Infant Feeding At A University Hospital In Western Saudi Arabia, Nadia M. Fida, Jumama Y. Al-Aama
Saudi Medical Journal
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the pattern of breastfeeding in mothers, identify causes of failure to breastfeed, initiate, and sustain breastfeeding practices at a University Hospital in Western Saudi Arabia. METHODS: Prospective interviews with mothers of infants seen consecutively during routine well baby clinic visits were conducted in the year October 2001 through to September 2002 using structured 18 item questionnaires. This study was carried out at King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. RESULTS: One hundred and twenty-eight interviews were conducted. Of the study groups 106 (83%) were breastfeeding. Of the mothers who came from low income families and …
Radiographic Osteoarthritis And Serum Cholesterol, Abdurhman S. Al-Arfaj
Radiographic Osteoarthritis And Serum Cholesterol, Abdurhman S. Al-Arfaj
Saudi Medical Journal
OBJECTIVE: To find out the relationship between radiographic osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee, generalized OA and serum cholesterol. METHODS: Over a period of 7 months from September 1998 through to March 1999, 246 patients attending 14 primary care clinics in Northern Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, for different non-musculoskeletal complaints were recruited in the study. Their knees, hands and wrists were radiographed. Their ages, sex, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), fasting serum cholesterol, triglycerides and uric acid were recorded. RESULTS: There were 113 females and 133 males with average ages 46 ± 14.2 and 51.54 ± 16.0 years. One …
Determinants Of Women's Fertility In Oman, Asya A. Al-Riyami, Mustafa Afifi
Determinants Of Women's Fertility In Oman, Asya A. Al-Riyami, Mustafa Afifi
Saudi Medical Journal
OBJECTIVE: International studies have the inverse relationship of women education and empowerment on fertility. Our aim is to study the association of women education, and empowerment with some of the fertility determinants in a community based survey. METHODS: A cross sectional survey of the health status of the Omani community was designed. Face to face interviews with 2037 women, who were or had been married including demographic data, fertility patterns, family planning, 2 women empowerment indices (decision making and freedom of movement), and other modules reproductive health, were carried out during the year 2000. RESULTS: About 31% of the sample …
The Efficiency In The Utilization Of Potential Donors For Organ Transplantation In Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Mohammed I. Al-Sebayel
The Efficiency In The Utilization Of Potential Donors For Organ Transplantation In Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Mohammed I. Al-Sebayel
Saudi Medical Journal
OBJECTIVE: Organ transplantation programs have been successful in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This success is limited by organ shortage. The aim of this study is to find out the percentage of actual donors out of all potential donors in intensive care units (ICU), and to look at problems related to the donation process, particularly from the logistical point of view. METHODS: The study was conducted prospectively for a one year period, June 2001 through to May 2002, in 4 main Riyadh hospitals. Mortality data was collected by a medical professional in each ICU and analyzed on a weekly basis. …
Knowledge, Beliefs And Perception Of Youth Toward Acne Vulgaris, Ibrahim A. Al-Hoqail
Knowledge, Beliefs And Perception Of Youth Toward Acne Vulgaris, Ibrahim A. Al-Hoqail
Saudi Medical Journal
OBJECTIVE: This study was carried out to assess the knowledge, concepts and perceptions of the youth towards Acne. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 700 students of both genders from all geographic areas in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during the year 2001. They were asked to complete a self administered questionnaire that contained several items measuring different areas in there beliefs, knowledge and perceptions about acne. Acne and non-acne sufferers were included. Responses were matched with demographic data. RESULTS: Five hundred and seventeen students (73.9%) responded to the questionnaire. Male and female responders were 267 (51.6%) and 250 (48.4%). More …
End Stage Renal Disease Experience In A General Hospital In Eastern Saudi Arabia, Ahmed M. Alkhunaizi, Bedri M. Yousif, Abdulrazack A. Amir, S. Brand
End Stage Renal Disease Experience In A General Hospital In Eastern Saudi Arabia, Ahmed M. Alkhunaizi, Bedri M. Yousif, Abdulrazack A. Amir, S. Brand
Saudi Medical Journal
No abstract provided.
Disease Markers In Exhaled Breath, Abdullah Al-Mobeireek
Disease Markers In Exhaled Breath, Abdullah Al-Mobeireek
Saudi Medical Journal
No abstract provided.
A Hematological Survey Of Preschool Children Of The United Arab Emirates, Campbell J. Miller, Earl V. Dunn, Bertel Berg, Sameeh F. Abdouni
A Hematological Survey Of Preschool Children Of The United Arab Emirates, Campbell J. Miller, Earl V. Dunn, Bertel Berg, Sameeh F. Abdouni
Saudi Medical Journal
OBJECTIVE: Anemia is common worldwide, particularly in developing countries including states of the Arabian Peninsular. The purpose of this study was to produce a hematological profile of preschool national children of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). METHODS: From April 2000 to October 2000, a cross-sectional community clinic-based capillary blood survey was carried out on a convenience sample of 1-5-year-old Emirati children attending a Primary Health Care Center in Al-Ain, UAE. Those children with capillary hemoglobin (Hb) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) values below predetermined cutoffs were offered venous blood hematological workup. A random sample of children with values above those …
Serial Evaluation Of Percentage Of Activated T-Lymphocytes In Peripheral Blood Of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Individuals As A Prognostic Marker, Zahid Shakoor
Saudi Medical Journal
OBJECTIVE: Immune activation often associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is characterized by increasing number of peripheral blood T-lymphocytes expressing HLA-DR molecule. This study was performed to investigate the changes in the percentage of activated lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of HIV infected patients on antiretroviral therapy. METHODS: Routine flow cytometry data for peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were analyzed in 11 HIV infected hemophilia patients (mean age 27 +/- 7) at approximately 6 monthly intervals from 1996 to 2002 in the Division of Immunology, King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The number of data sets for …
Prevalence And Correlates Of Obesity And Central Obesity Among Omani Adults, Asya A. Al-Riyami, Mustafa M. Afifi
Prevalence And Correlates Of Obesity And Central Obesity Among Omani Adults, Asya A. Al-Riyami, Mustafa M. Afifi
Saudi Medical Journal
OBJECTIVE: Overweight, particularly obesity is a major risk factor for several important diseases, especially hypertension, coronary heart diseases and diabetes mellitus. Our aim is to determine the prevalence of obesity and central obesity among Omani adults aged >/=20 years, and to identify the socio-demographic and health variables that correlate to obesity and central obesity in a community based survey (National Health Survey, 2000). METHODS: A community based cross-sectional survey representing all parts of Oman was designed in the year 2000. A part of the survey was a door to door interviews including demographic data, weight, height, hip and waist measurements, …
Strategy To Improve Road Safety In Developing Countries, Abdulbari Bener, Fikri M. Abu-Zidan, Abdel K. Bensiali, Ahmad A. Al-Mulla, Khair S. Jadaan
Strategy To Improve Road Safety In Developing Countries, Abdulbari Bener, Fikri M. Abu-Zidan, Abdel K. Bensiali, Ahmad A. Al-Mulla, Khair S. Jadaan
Saudi Medical Journal
OBJECTIVE: To review the road safety situation in developed and developing countries compared with the Arabian Gulf countries and suggest a strategy to improve it. The role of road engineers in reducing accidents is highlighted. METHODS: This is a retrospective study of road traffic accidents (RTAS) for a period from 1988 to 1998 in Arabian Gulf Countries. The data was taken from the Directorate of Traffic and Ministry of Health records in Gulf Countries. Additional data was obtained from other sources including the World Health Organizations Statistics Annuals, International Road Federation, Transport Road Research Laboratory and accident facts publications. Overall …