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Evaluation Of Genexpert Mtb/Rif Assay For Direct Diagnosis Of Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Husseiny Sh. Moussa, Faten S. Bayoumi, Ahmed M. Ali
Evaluation Of Genexpert Mtb/Rif Assay For Direct Diagnosis Of Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Husseiny Sh. Moussa, Faten S. Bayoumi, Ahmed M. Ali
Saudi Medical Journal
Objectives: To evaluate the performance of GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay for direct diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted between October 2013 and February 2016 at Abbassaia Chest Hospital and Ain Shams University Hospital, Cairo, Egypt. Inclusion criteria were adults between 18 and 60 years with suspected PTB and classified into 5 clinical categories based on their clinical, radiological, and laboratory findings: confirmed TB, probable TB, possible TB, unlikely TB, and not TB. Two sputum samples from each participant were analyzed by GX and the results were compared by conventional culture. Results: In total, 218 participants …
Primary Experience Of Bariatric Surgery In A Newly Established Private Obesity Center, Haider Al-Shurafa, Ahmed H. Elzaafarany, Ali Albenmousa, Mona G. Balata
Primary Experience Of Bariatric Surgery In A Newly Established Private Obesity Center, Haider Al-Shurafa, Ahmed H. Elzaafarany, Ali Albenmousa, Mona G. Balata
Saudi Medical Journal
Objectives: To assess the outcomes of different types of bariatric surgeries in a single newly established private obesity center. Methods: Retrospectively, we included patients who were entered in the registry for bariatric surgeries in the Obesity Unit, Riyadh National Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia between January 2013 and September 2014, and completed one year of follow up. Baseline characteristics, percent excess weight loss, and safety data were collected and analyzed. Results: A total of 79 patients were included. Based on the type of surgery, patients were divided into 3 groups: laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), laparoscopic minigastric bypass (MGBP), and laparoscopic …
Prevalence And Characterization Of Occult Hepatitis B Infection Among Blood Donors In Central Saudi Arabia, Areej I. Alshayea, Gamal E. Eid, Malak M. El-Hazmi, Abdulkarim F. Alhetheel
Prevalence And Characterization Of Occult Hepatitis B Infection Among Blood Donors In Central Saudi Arabia, Areej I. Alshayea, Gamal E. Eid, Malak M. El-Hazmi, Abdulkarim F. Alhetheel
Saudi Medical Journal
Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence of occult hepatitis B viral infections (OBIs) among blood donors considering the clinical and epidemiological importance of identifying OBIs. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia between January 2011 and January 2012. Blood donors (n=8501) were screened for Hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B core antibodies (HBcAb). All HBsAg-negative and HBcAb-positive samples were tested further for hepatitis B surface antibodies (HBsAb), hepatitis B virus (HBV)-DNA, and HBV genotyping. Results: Of the 8501 serum samples tested, 56 (0.7%) were positive and 8445 (99.3%) were negative for HBsAg. …
Prevalence Of Hypertension, Obesity, Hematuria And Proteinuria Amongst Healthy Adolescents Living In Western Saudi Arabia, Kholoud A. Hothan, Bashaer A. Alasmari, Omniya K. Alkhelaiwi, Khalid M. Althagafi, Abdulaziz A. Alkhaldi, Ahmed K. Alfityani, Mohannad M. Aladawi, Sara N. Sharief, Sherif El Desoky, Jameela A. Kari
Prevalence Of Hypertension, Obesity, Hematuria And Proteinuria Amongst Healthy Adolescents Living In Western Saudi Arabia, Kholoud A. Hothan, Bashaer A. Alasmari, Omniya K. Alkhelaiwi, Khalid M. Althagafi, Abdulaziz A. Alkhaldi, Ahmed K. Alfityani, Mohannad M. Aladawi, Sara N. Sharief, Sherif El Desoky, Jameela A. Kari
Saudi Medical Journal
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of hypertension, obesity, hematuria, and proteinuria among healthy adolescents and to determine the associated risk factors. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 8 intermediate schools in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia between March 2015 and June 2015. Samples were selected randomly and equal proportions from each school for both genders were ensured. Both blood pressure and body mass index were measured and a brief questionnaire was filled out for the specified studied group. Urine dipstick analysis was carried out for 294 children. A second questionnaire was completed for hypertensive and obese subjects in addition to those …
Rehospitalization For Heart Failure In The Elderly, Ehimwenma J. Ogbemudia, John Asekhame
Rehospitalization For Heart Failure In The Elderly, Ehimwenma J. Ogbemudia, John Asekhame
Saudi Medical Journal
Objectives: To determine the burden of preventable rehospitalization for decompensated heart failure in the elderly. Methods: This was a retrospective study performed in a Nigerian University Teaching Hospital,. Demographic variables, etiology, and participants of heart failure were retrieved from data of elderly patients with heart failure admitted between January 2014 and December 2015. The participants were classified and described as either preventable, or unpreventable to determine whether the hospitalizations were preventable or not. The frequency of the groups with preventable participants (hospitalization) was derived. Results: Five groups of participants were preventable (55.5%), while 4 groups (44.5%) were unpreventable. The preventable …
The Saudi Clinical Practice Guideline For The Management Of Overweight And Obesity In Adults, Assim A. Alfadda, Madhawi M. Al-Dhwayan, Abdulhameed A. Alharbi, Nawal M. Al-Qahtani, Saad H. Alzahrani, Wedad M. Bardisi, Reem M. Sallam, John J. Riva, Jan L. Brożek, Holger J. Schünemann, Ainsley Moore
The Saudi Clinical Practice Guideline For The Management Of Overweight And Obesity In Adults, Assim A. Alfadda, Madhawi M. Al-Dhwayan, Abdulhameed A. Alharbi, Nawal M. Al-Qahtani, Saad H. Alzahrani, Wedad M. Bardisi, Reem M. Sallam, John J. Riva, Jan L. Brożek, Holger J. Schünemann, Ainsley Moore
Saudi Medical Journal
Objective: To assist healthcare providers in evidence-based clinical decision-making for the management of overweight and obese adults in Saudi Arabia. Methods: The Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia assembled an expert Saudi panel to produce this clinical practice guideline in 2015. In collaboration with the methodological working group from McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada, using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach, which describes both the strength of recommendation and the quality of evidence Results: After identifying 11 questions, corresponding recommendations were agreed upon as guidance for the management of overweight and obese adults. These included …
Fourth Meeting Of The Emergency Committee Under The International Health Regulations (2005) Regarding Microcephaly, Other Neurological Disorders And Zika Virus
Saudi Medical Journal
No abstract provided.
Millions Protected In Africa’S Largest-Ever Emergency Yellow Fever Vaccination Campaign
Millions Protected In Africa’S Largest-Ever Emergency Yellow Fever Vaccination Campaign
Saudi Medical Journal
No abstract provided.
Efficacy Of Miswak Toothpaste And Mouthwash On Cariogenic Bacteria, Samim A. Al-Dabbagh, Huda J. Qasim, Nadia A. Al-Derzi
Efficacy Of Miswak Toothpaste And Mouthwash On Cariogenic Bacteria, Samim A. Al-Dabbagh, Huda J. Qasim, Nadia A. Al-Derzi
Saudi Medical Journal
Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of Salvadora persica (Miswak) products on cariogenic bacteria in comparison with ordinary toothpaste. Methods: The study was conducted in Zakho city, Kurdistan region, Iraq during the period from October 2013 to January 2014. A randomized controlled clinical trial of 40 students randomly allocated into 4 groups. They were instructed to use Mismark toothpaste, Miswak mouthwash, and ordinary toothpaste with water or with normal saline. Salivary samples were collected at 3-time intervals: before, immediately after use, and after 2 weeks of use. The effect of each method on Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli was evaluated by using …
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Complicating Community-Acquired Pneumonia Secondary To Mycobacterium Tuberculosis In A Tertiary Care Center In Saudi Arabia, Ebrahim S. Mahmoud, Salim A. Baharoon, Eiman Alsafi, Hamdan Al-Jahdali
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Complicating Community-Acquired Pneumonia Secondary To Mycobacterium Tuberculosis In A Tertiary Care Center In Saudi Arabia, Ebrahim S. Mahmoud, Salim A. Baharoon, Eiman Alsafi, Hamdan Al-Jahdali
Saudi Medical Journal
Objectives: To discuss our center’s experience with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) secondary to pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in a major tertiary referral hospital in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods: A retrospective review of medical records of all patients with community-acquired pneumonia secondary to mycobacterium TB infection who were admitted for critical care in a single center of King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from 2004 to 2013. Results: In our review of 350 patients with community-acquired pneumonia admitted to Intensive Care Unit, 11 cases of TB complicated with ARDS were identified. The mean age of patients …
Gains In Fight To Control Yellow Fever Outbreak: But Response Must Continue
Gains In Fight To Control Yellow Fever Outbreak: But Response Must Continue
Saudi Medical Journal
No abstract provided.
In This Issueleading Articlesystematic Revieworiginal Articlescase Report
In This Issueleading Articlesystematic Revieworiginal Articlescase Report
Saudi Medical Journal
No abstract provided.
Antimicrobial Resistance In Saudi Arabia: An Urgent Call For An Immediate Action, Hosam M. Zowawi
Antimicrobial Resistance In Saudi Arabia: An Urgent Call For An Immediate Action, Hosam M. Zowawi
Saudi Medical Journal
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is increasingly being highlighted as an urgent public and animal health issue worldwide. This issue is well demonstrated in bacteria that are resistant to last-line antibiotics, suggesting a future with untreatable infections. International agencies have suggested combating strategies against AMR. Saudi Arabia has several challenges that can stimulate the emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria. Tackling these challenges need efforts from multiple sectors to successfully control the spread and emergence of AMR in the country. Actions should include active surveillance to monitor the emergence and spread of AMR. Infection prevention and control precautions should also be optimized …
Non-Therapeutic Infant Male Circumcision: Evidence, Ethics, And International Law Perspectives, Abdullah Alkhenizan, Kossay Elabd
Non-Therapeutic Infant Male Circumcision: Evidence, Ethics, And International Law Perspectives, Abdullah Alkhenizan, Kossay Elabd
Saudi Medical Journal
Objectives: To review the evidence of the benefits and harms of infant male circumcision, and the legal and ethical perspectives of infant male circumcision. Methods: We conducted a systematic search of the literature using PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane library up to June 2015. We searched the medical law literature using the Westlaw and Lexis Library law literature resources up to June 2015. Results: Male circumcision significantly reduced the risk of urinary tract infections by 87%. It also significantly reduced transmission of human immunodeficiency virus among circumcised men by 70%. Childhood and adolescent circumcision is associated with a 66% reduction …
Intranasal Sedatives In Pediatric Dentistry, Maha A. Alsarheed
Intranasal Sedatives In Pediatric Dentistry, Maha A. Alsarheed
Saudi Medical Journal
Objectives: To identify the intranasal (IN) sedatives used to achieve conscious sedation during dental procedures amongst children. Methods: A literature review was conducted by identifying relevant studies through searches on Medline. Search included IN of midazolam, ketamine, sufentanil, dexmedetomidine, clonidine, haloperidol and loranzepam. Studies included were conducted amongst individuals below 18 years, published in English, and were not restricted by year. Exclusion criteria were articles that did not focus on pediatric dentistry. Results: Twenty studies were included. The most commonly used sedatives were midazolam, followed by ketamine and sufentanil. Onset of action for IN midazolam was 5-15 minutes (min), however, …
A Biomechanical Study Of Pediatric Flexor Profundus Tendon Repair: Comparing The Tensile Strengths Of 3 Suture Techniques, Turki A. Al-Thunayan, Mohammed T. Al-Zahrani, Ahmad A. Hakeem, Fahad M. Al-Zahrani, Mohammad M. Al-Qattan
A Biomechanical Study Of Pediatric Flexor Profundus Tendon Repair: Comparing The Tensile Strengths Of 3 Suture Techniques, Turki A. Al-Thunayan, Mohammed T. Al-Zahrani, Ahmad A. Hakeem, Fahad M. Al-Zahrani, Mohammad M. Al-Qattan
Saudi Medical Journal
Objectives: To investigate the tensile strength of repaired flexor profundus tendons in young lambs, which would be equivalent to repairs in children older than 2 years of age. Methods: A comparative in-vitro experimental study conducted at King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from October 2014 to December 2015. We utilized 30 flexor profundus tendons of young lambs with a width of 4 mm. All tendons were repaired with a 4-strand repair technique using 4/0 polypropylene core sutures. In group I (n=10 tendons), 2 separate figure-of-eight sutures were applied. In group II (n=10 tendons), simple locking sutures were added …
Role Of Benign Ovarian Cysts In The Development Of Adenomyosis, Sadaf Alam, Sajjad Ahmad, Muhammad M. Khan, Sabeen Nasir, Naveed Sharif, Sara Ziaullah, Ahmareen Khalid, Fozia Rauf
Role Of Benign Ovarian Cysts In The Development Of Adenomyosis, Sadaf Alam, Sajjad Ahmad, Muhammad M. Khan, Sabeen Nasir, Naveed Sharif, Sara Ziaullah, Ahmareen Khalid, Fozia Rauf
Saudi Medical Journal
Objectives: To assess the association of adenomyotic foci with co-existing benign ovarian cysts. Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study consisted of 100 consecutive hysterectomy specimens referred to Histopathology Section of Pathology Department, Peshawar Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan by its attached teaching hospitals from January 2011 to December 2012. Hematoxylin and eosin stained sections were examined for adenomyotic foci and the presence of co-existent ovarian cysts. For evaluation of estrogen receptor (ER) status immunohistochemical stains were applied and H-scoring system was used with a score >50 as positive. Results: Out of the 100 hysterectomy specimens, 25 cases had both adenomyosis and ovarian …
Correlation Between Mycosis Fungoides And Pregnancy, Farahnaz Fatemi Naeini, Bahareh Abtahi-Naeini, Jamshid Najafian, Ali Saffaei, Mohsen Pourazizi
Correlation Between Mycosis Fungoides And Pregnancy, Farahnaz Fatemi Naeini, Bahareh Abtahi-Naeini, Jamshid Najafian, Ali Saffaei, Mohsen Pourazizi
Saudi Medical Journal
Objectives: To evaluate the effect of pregnancy on the natural course of Mycosis fungoides (MF) and compare the obtained results with previous reports. Methods: The medical records of 140 patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) treated at the University Hospital of Isfahan (the academic referral center for CTCL) Isfahan, Iran. Between 2000 and 2013 were retrospectively reviewed to retrieve all cases of pregnancy during the course of MF disease. Results: A total of 8 pregnancies were recorded. The median age of patients at the time of diagnosis was 26.7 (range 21-30 years) and pregnancy 29.4 (range 27-31 years). Most of …
The Bacterial Contamination Rate Of Glucose Meter Test Strips In The Hospital Setting, Khalid A. Al-Rubeaan, Dhekra M. Alnaqeb, Hamed M. Alqumaidi, Turki A. Almogbel
The Bacterial Contamination Rate Of Glucose Meter Test Strips In The Hospital Setting, Khalid A. Al-Rubeaan, Dhekra M. Alnaqeb, Hamed M. Alqumaidi, Turki A. Almogbel
Saudi Medical Journal
Objectives: To assess the rate of bacterial contamination of the multi-use vial and single-use packed glucose meter strips, and to identify the type and frequency of various bacterial contamination in different hospital wards. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted by a team from the Strategic Center for Diabetes Research in 7 general hospitals in the Central region of Saudi Arabia during the period from August to September 2014 to assess the bacterial contamination rate of the unused strips. A total of 10,447 strips were cultured using proper agar media and incubated both aerobically and anaerobically. Results: The total bacterial …
Genetic Influence On Circulating Vitamin D Among Saudi Arabians, Mir Sadat-Ali, Haifa A. Al-Turki, Mohammed Q. Azam, Abdulmohsen H. Al-Elq
Genetic Influence On Circulating Vitamin D Among Saudi Arabians, Mir Sadat-Ali, Haifa A. Al-Turki, Mohammed Q. Azam, Abdulmohsen H. Al-Elq
Saudi Medical Journal
Objectives To examine the effect of most common studied single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels in Saudi Arabian population. Method A cross-sectional observational study was carried out between July 2014 and October 2015, at King Fahd Hospital of the University (KFHU), Al-Khobar, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. After informed consent, blood samples from 283 subjects living in the Eastern province were collected for 25-OHD measurement and genetic analysis of SNPs in vitamin D receptor (VDR) [rs2228570 and rs1544410], Cytochrome, P450 family 2 (CYP2R1) [rs10741657 and rs1993116], and Group-specific components (GC) [rs2282679 and rs4588]. Results Vitamin D deficiency …
Vitamin D Deficiency And Biochemical Variations Among Urban Saudi Adolescent Girls According To Season, Riad A. Sulimani, Ashry G. Mohammed, Assim A. Alfadda, Suliman N. Alshehri, Abdulaziz M. Al-Othman, Nasser M. Al-Daghri, David A. Hanley, Aliya A. Khan
Vitamin D Deficiency And Biochemical Variations Among Urban Saudi Adolescent Girls According To Season, Riad A. Sulimani, Ashry G. Mohammed, Assim A. Alfadda, Suliman N. Alshehri, Abdulaziz M. Al-Othman, Nasser M. Al-Daghri, David A. Hanley, Aliya A. Khan
Saudi Medical Journal
Objectives: To determine seasonal variations in the vitamin D status of Saudi adolescent girls in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and its effect in biochemical and clinical characteristics. Methods: In this prospective study, a total of 2000 Saudi females aged 12-18 years from different schools in Riyadh, KSA participated and submitted a generalized questionnaire with clinical information. Fasting blood samples were obtained in 1618 subjects for the winter season (December to February) and only 499 subjects returned to submit fasting blood samples for the summer season (June-August). Circulating serum 25(OH)D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and other biomarkers of bone remodeling …
Do Healthier Foods Cost More In Saudi Arabia Than Less Healthier Options?, Ibrahim M. Gosadi, Muner A. Alshehri, Saud H. Alawad
Do Healthier Foods Cost More In Saudi Arabia Than Less Healthier Options?, Ibrahim M. Gosadi, Muner A. Alshehri, Saud H. Alawad
Saudi Medical Journal
Objectives: To investigate whether healthy foods in Saudi Arabia cost more compared with less healthy options. Method: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia during June and July 2015. The study targeted well-known market chains in the city of Riyadh. The selection of food items was purposive to include healthy and less healthy food items in each category. Price, caloric value, salt, fat, sugar, and fiber contents for each food item were collected. To test for the correlation between nutritional contents and average price, Spearman’s correlation coefficients were calculated. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to test …
Outcome Of Repeat Penetrating Keratoplasty In Eyes With Failed Penetrating Keratoplasty, Abdulrahman S. Khairallah
Outcome Of Repeat Penetrating Keratoplasty In Eyes With Failed Penetrating Keratoplasty, Abdulrahman S. Khairallah
Saudi Medical Journal
Objectives: To report the outcomes of penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) surgeries in eyes with failed PKP. Methods: This was a retrospective, non-comparative, descriptive case series. Thirty eyes of 30 patients with failed PKP comprised our study group, they were reviewed from January 2007 to December 2012 at the King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Data were collected on best corrected visual acuity before and after one week, one month, 3 months, 6 months, one year, and 2 years following PKP. Intraoperative and postoperative complications, changes in intraocular pressure (IOP), additional surgical procedure and other ocular comorbidities were …
Indigenous Medicine Among The Bedouin In The Middle East, Abdullah M. Albedah
Indigenous Medicine Among The Bedouin In The Middle East, Abdullah M. Albedah
Saudi Medical Journal
No abstract provided.
Who And Ministry Of Health Expand Cholera Response To Minimize Future Risk
Who And Ministry Of Health Expand Cholera Response To Minimize Future Risk
Saudi Medical Journal
No abstract provided.
Zika: An Emerging Teratogenic Virus, Hail M. Al-Abdely
Zika: An Emerging Teratogenic Virus, Hail M. Al-Abdely
Saudi Medical Journal
No abstract provided.
Retention Practices And Factors Affecting Retainer Choice Among Orthodontists In Saudi Arabia, Thikriat S. Al-Jewair, Mohammad A. Hamidaddin, Hamdan M. Alotaibi, Nasser D. Alqahtani, Sahar F. Albarakati, Eman A. Alkofide, Khalid A. Al-Moammar
Retention Practices And Factors Affecting Retainer Choice Among Orthodontists In Saudi Arabia, Thikriat S. Al-Jewair, Mohammad A. Hamidaddin, Hamdan M. Alotaibi, Nasser D. Alqahtani, Sahar F. Albarakati, Eman A. Alkofide, Khalid A. Al-Moammar
Saudi Medical Journal
Objectives: To identify the retention protocols practiced by orthodontists in Saudi Arabia, and the factors affecting retainer choice. Methods: This cross-sectional study took place between February and March of 2015 at the College of Dentistry, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. A previously tested electronic survey of 34 items was sent to all 1,200 orthodontic members of the Saudi Orthodontic Society. The questionnaire elicited data on the subjects’ demographics, orthodontic treatment practices, retention, and post-retention protocols. Results: One hundred and sixty-seven (13.9%) responses were received during the study period. The results showed predominant use of Hawley in the maxillary arch …
Is A History Of Cesarean Section A Risk Factor For Abnormal Uterine Bleeding In Patients With Uterine Leiomyoma?, Tugba Kinay, Zehra O. Basarir, Serap F. Tuncer, Funda Akpinar, Fulya Kayikcioglu, Sevgi Koc, Jale Karakaya
Is A History Of Cesarean Section A Risk Factor For Abnormal Uterine Bleeding In Patients With Uterine Leiomyoma?, Tugba Kinay, Zehra O. Basarir, Serap F. Tuncer, Funda Akpinar, Fulya Kayikcioglu, Sevgi Koc, Jale Karakaya
Saudi Medical Journal
Objectives: To determine whether a history of cesarean section was a risk factor for abnormal uterine bleeding in patients with uterine leiomyomas, and to identify other risk factors for this symptom. Methods: We analyzed retrospectively, the medical records of patients who underwent hysterectomies due to the presence of uterine leiomyomas during a 6-year period (2009 and 2014) at Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women’s Health Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. Uterine leiomyoma was diagnosed based on histopathological examination of hysterectomy specimens. Demographic characteristics, and laboratory and histopathological findings were compared between patients with uterine leiomyoma with and without abnormal uterine bleeding. …
Can Psychological Therapies Help People Who Self-Harm?
Can Psychological Therapies Help People Who Self-Harm?
Saudi Medical Journal
No abstract provided.
Family Profile Of Victims Of Child Abuse And Neglect In The Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia, Maha A. Almuneef, Linah A. Alghamdi, Hassan N. Saleheen
Family Profile Of Victims Of Child Abuse And Neglect In The Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia, Maha A. Almuneef, Linah A. Alghamdi, Hassan N. Saleheen
Saudi Medical Journal
Objectives: To describe the family profile of child abuse and neglect (CAN) subjects in Saudi Arabia. Methods: Data were collected retrospectively between July 2009 and December 2013 from patients’ files, which were obtained from the Child Protection Centre (CPC) based in King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Four main sets of variables were examined: demographics of victim, family profile, parental information, and information on perpetrator and forms of abuse. Results: The charts of 220 CAN cases were retrospectively reviewed. Physical abuse was the most common form of abuse (42%), followed by neglect (39%), sexual abuse (14%), and emotional abuse …