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Articles 1981 - 2010 of 2615
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Combining Behavioral Weight Loss Treatment And A Commercial Program: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Angela Marinilli Pinto, Joseph L. Fava, Debra A. Hoffmann, Rena R. Wing
Combining Behavioral Weight Loss Treatment And A Commercial Program: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Angela Marinilli Pinto, Joseph L. Fava, Debra A. Hoffmann, Rena R. Wing
Publications and Research
Commercial weight loss programs such as Weight Watchers (WW) offer widely recognized and accessible treatment, but typically produce weight losses that are modest relative to professionally delivered programs. This study tested the hypothesis that a novel weight loss approach that combined the fundamental components of professionally delivered behavioral weight loss (BWL) treatment with the existing WW program would produce better weight losses than WW alone; no differences were expected between the novel treatment and BWL alone. Participants were 141 overweight and obese adults (90% women, 67% non-White, mean age = 49.7 ± 9.2 years, mean BMI = 36.2 ± 5.5 …
Individual Differences In The Discrimination Of Novel Speech Sounds: Effects Of Sex, Temporal Processing, Musical And Cognitive Abilities, Vera Kempe, John C. Thoresen, Neil W. Kirk, Felix Schaeffler, Patricia J. Brooks
Individual Differences In The Discrimination Of Novel Speech Sounds: Effects Of Sex, Temporal Processing, Musical And Cognitive Abilities, Vera Kempe, John C. Thoresen, Neil W. Kirk, Felix Schaeffler, Patricia J. Brooks
Publications and Research
This study examined whether rapid temporal auditory processing, verbal working memory capacity, non-verbal intelligence, executive functioning, musical ability and prior foreign language experience predicted how well native English speakers (N = 120) discriminated Norwegian tonal and vowel contrasts as well as a non-speech analogue of the tonal contrast and a native vowel contrast presented over noise. Results confirmed a male advantage for temporal and tonal processing, and also revealed that temporal processing was associated with both non-verbal intelligence and speech processing. In contrast, effects of musical ability on non-native speech-sound processing and of inhibitory control on vowel discrimination were not …
The Use Of Indicators For Unobservable Product Qualities: Inferences Based On Consumer Sorting, Matthew G. Nagler, Fredi Kronenberg, Edward J. Kennelly, Bei Jiang, Chunhui Ma
The Use Of Indicators For Unobservable Product Qualities: Inferences Based On Consumer Sorting, Matthew G. Nagler, Fredi Kronenberg, Edward J. Kennelly, Bei Jiang, Chunhui Ma
Publications and Research
We propose a method for measuring the conjectural errors that inexpert consumers make relative to experts in using observable product characteristics as surrogate indicators of a valued unobservable characteristic. Observations on the unobservable characteristic, available to the researcher but not consumers, are used to divide the data into high- and low-quality subsamples. Separate hedonic estimation on the subsamples enables measurement of the relative valuations and conjectures of experts and non-experts with respect to indicators under the assumption that consumers sort across quality grades based on their appraisal expertise. The method is demonstrated using a small sample of SKU-level data on …
Morph Matters: Aggression Bias In A Polymorphic Sparrow, Brent M. Horton, Mark E. Hauber, Donna L. Maney
Morph Matters: Aggression Bias In A Polymorphic Sparrow, Brent M. Horton, Mark E. Hauber, Donna L. Maney
Publications and Research
In species with discrete morphs exhibiting alternative behavioral strategies, individuals may vary their aggressive behavior in competitive encounters according to the phenotype of their opponent. Such aggression bias has been documented in multiple polymorphic species evolving under negative frequency-dependent selection, but it has not been well-studied under other selection regimes. We investigated this phenomenon in white-throated sparrows (Zonotrichia albicollis), a passerine with plumage polychromatism maintained by disassortative mating. The two distinct color morphs differ with respect to reproductive strategy in that white-striped birds invest more in territorial aggression than tan-striped birds. Whether territorial aggression in this species is biased according …
Two-Factor Theory – At The Intersection Of Health Care Management And Patient Satisfaction, Josef Bohm
Two-Factor Theory – At The Intersection Of Health Care Management And Patient Satisfaction, Josef Bohm
Publications and Research
Using data obtained from the 2004 Joint Canadian/United States Survey of Health, an analytic model using principles derived from Herzberg’s motivational hygiene theory was developed for evaluating patient satisfaction with health care. The analysis sought to determine whether survey variables associated with consumer satisfaction act as Hertzberg factors and contribute to survey participants’ self-reported levels of health care satisfaction. To validate the technique, data from the survey were analyzed using logistic regression methods and then compared with results obtained from the two-factor model. The findings indicate a high degree of correlation between the two methods. The two-factor analytical methodology offers …
“Municipal Welfare” And The Neoliberal Prison Town: The Political Economy Of Prison Closures In New York State, Andrea Morrell
“Municipal Welfare” And The Neoliberal Prison Town: The Political Economy Of Prison Closures In New York State, Andrea Morrell
Publications and Research
Since 2010, New York State Governor Andrew Cuomo has closed nine state prisons for adults. For the prison towns that dot diversely rural and urban places of New York —each uniquely tied to the maintenance of mass incarceration— the closure of a state prison marks the end of an infusion of state capital constructed and construed quite explicitly as projects of economic development in the 1980's. After decades of growing corrections budgets and expanding prisons across the United States, why is New York closing prisons now? Tracing the history of prison growth and urban governance in prison towns, I posit …
The Role Of Dental Hygienists In Conducting Rapid Hiv Testing, Anthony J. Santella, Susan H. Davide, Marilyn Cortell, Winnie Furnari, Janet Tuthill
The Role Of Dental Hygienists In Conducting Rapid Hiv Testing, Anthony J. Santella, Susan H. Davide, Marilyn Cortell, Winnie Furnari, Janet Tuthill
Publications and Research
Expanding rapid HIV testing in the dental setting may increase the number of individuals who are aware of their HIV status and can begin medical care and social support services if seropositive and appropriate.
Students As Donors To University Archives: A Study Of Student Perceptions With Recommendations, Jessica Wagner, Debbi A. Smith
Students As Donors To University Archives: A Study Of Student Perceptions With Recommendations, Jessica Wagner, Debbi A. Smith
Publications and Research
Most of the literature that explores the relationship between students and university archives focuses on how to integrate archival materials into the undergraduate curriculum. Little exists that analyzes student perceptions of the types of materials that are found in archives; even less discusses how to induce students to donate materials that document life on campus. This case study examines student perceptions of various aspects of university archives, with the goal of developing better methods of reaching out to encourage donation of student life materials.
In Support Of A Distinction Between Voluntary And Stimulus-Driven Control: A Review Of The Literature On Proportion Congruent Effects, Julie M. Bugg, Matthew J. C. Crump
In Support Of A Distinction Between Voluntary And Stimulus-Driven Control: A Review Of The Literature On Proportion Congruent Effects, Julie M. Bugg, Matthew J. C. Crump
Publications and Research
Cognitive control is by now a large umbrella term referring collectively to multiple processes that plan and coordinate actions to meet task goals. A common feature of paradigms that engage cognitive control is the task requirement to select relevant information despite a habitual tendency (or bias) to select goal-irrelevant information. At least since the 1970s, researchers have employed proportion congruent (PC) manipulations to experimentally establish selection biases and evaluate the mechanisms used to control attention. PC manipulations vary the frequency with which irrelevant information conflicts (i.e., is incongruent) with relevant information. The purpose of this review is to summarize the …
Functional Deficits Of The Attentional Networks In Autism, Jin Fan, Silvia Bernardi, Nicholas T. Dam, Evdokia Anagnostou, Xiaosi Gu, Laura Martin, Yunsoo Park, Xun Liu, Alexander Kolevzon, Latha Soorya, David Grodberg, Eric Hollander, Patrick R. Hof
Functional Deficits Of The Attentional Networks In Autism, Jin Fan, Silvia Bernardi, Nicholas T. Dam, Evdokia Anagnostou, Xiaosi Gu, Laura Martin, Yunsoo Park, Xun Liu, Alexander Kolevzon, Latha Soorya, David Grodberg, Eric Hollander, Patrick R. Hof
Publications and Research
Attentional dysfunction is among the most consistent observations of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, the neural nature of this deficit in ASD is still unclear. In this study, we aimed to identify the neurobehavioral correlates of attentional dysfunction in ASD. We used the Attention Network Test-Revised and functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine alerting, orienting, and executive control functions, as well as the neural substrates underlying these attentional functions in unmedicated, high-functioning adults with ASD (n = 12) and matched healthy controls (HC, n = 12). Compared with HC, individuals with ASD showed increased error rates in alerting and executive …
A Librarian's Defense Of The Practicable Over The Perfect In Scholarly Communication, Jill Cirasella
A Librarian's Defense Of The Practicable Over The Perfect In Scholarly Communication, Jill Cirasella
Publications and Research
This peer commentary is an invited response to "Scientific Utopia: I. Opening Scientific Communication" by Brian A. Nosek and Yoav Bar-Anan. It appeared alongside the target article in Psychological Inquiry, Volume 23, Issue 3, 2012.
Children’S Eyewitness Identification As Implicit Moral Decision-Making, Toni Spring, Herbert D. Saltzstein, Roger Peach
Children’S Eyewitness Identification As Implicit Moral Decision-Making, Toni Spring, Herbert D. Saltzstein, Roger Peach
Publications and Research
Why are young children particularly prone to make false positive errors or false alarms when identifying a wrongdoer? In three studies the problem was approached using a signal detection analysis, focusing on the moral costs of false alarms, as understood at different points in development. The findings are: (1) decisional criteria became more conservative, indicating fewer false alarms, with age in three studies, (2) children’s beliefs about the seriousness of false alarms and misses changed from (a) a non-moral concern to (b) a moral concern for false negatives or misses to (c) a moral concern for false alarms. (3) These …
Sex & Vision I: Spatio-Temporal Resolution, Israel Abramov, James Gordon, Olga Feldman, Alla Chavarga
Sex & Vision I: Spatio-Temporal Resolution, Israel Abramov, James Gordon, Olga Feldman, Alla Chavarga
Publications and Research
Background Cerebral cortex has a very large number of testosterone receptors, which could be a basis for sex differences in sensory functions. For example, audition has clear sex differences, which are related to serum testosterone levels. Of all major sensory systems only vision has not been examined for sex differences, which is surprising because occipital lobe (primary visual projection area) may have the highest density of testosterone receptors in the cortex. We have examined a basic visual function: spatial and temporal pattern resolution and acuity. Methods We tested large groups of young adults with normal vision. They were screened with …
Sex And Vision Ii: Color Appearance Of Monochromatic Lights, Israel Abramov, James Gordon, Olga Feldman, Alla Chavarga
Sex And Vision Ii: Color Appearance Of Monochromatic Lights, Israel Abramov, James Gordon, Olga Feldman, Alla Chavarga
Publications and Research
Background Because cerebral cortex has a very large number of testosterone receptors, we examined the possible sex differences in color appearance of monochromatic lights across the visible spectrum. There is a history of men and women perceiving color differently. However, all of these studies deal with higher cognitive functions which may be culture-biased. We study basic visual functions, such as color appearance, without reference to any objects. We present here a detailed analysis of sex differences in primary chromatic sensations. Methods We tested large groups of young adults with normal vision, including spatial and temporal resolution, and stereopsis. Based on …
But Are They Connected?: A Report On The Queens College Technology Survey Of The Use Of Ubiquitous Tools For Learning, Eva M. Fernández, Michelle C. Fraboni
But Are They Connected?: A Report On The Queens College Technology Survey Of The Use Of Ubiquitous Tools For Learning, Eva M. Fernández, Michelle C. Fraboni
Publications and Research
The casual observer of the student population at Queens College (an urban, public, predominantly undergraduate campus) is awed by the ubiquity of technology, offering students the ability to communicate and participate in learning anytime, anywhere. They text, email, facebook, and tweet all day long. They have nearly instant access to the digital tools that have been touted as changing teaching and learning at all levels of education. With over 80% of our population born in or after 1980, there is an assumption that these digital natives intuitively know about and prefer digital tools for learning. With this in mind, and …
Chronic Ketamine Administration Modulates Midbrain Dopamine System In Mice, Sijie Tan, Wai Ping Lam, Maria S. M. Wai, Wan-Hua Amy Yu, David T. Yew
Chronic Ketamine Administration Modulates Midbrain Dopamine System In Mice, Sijie Tan, Wai Ping Lam, Maria S. M. Wai, Wan-Hua Amy Yu, David T. Yew
Publications and Research
Ketamine is an anesthetic and a popular abusive drug. As an anesthetic, effects of ketamine on glutamate and GABA transmission have been well documented but little is known about its long-term effects on the dopamine system. In the present study, the effects of ketamine on dopamine were studied in vitro and in vivo. In pheochromocytoma (PC 12) cells and NGF differentiated-PC 12 cells, ketamine decreased the cell viability while increasing dopamine (DA) concentrations in a dose-related manner. However, ketamine did not affect the expression of genes involved in DA synthesis. In the long-term (3 months) ketamine treated mice, significant increases …
Psychosocial Vulnerabilities To Depression After Acute Coronary Syndrome: The Pivotal Role Of Rumination In Predicting And Maintaining Depression, Ellen-Ge Denton, Nina Rieckmann, Karina W. Davidson, William F. Chaplin
Psychosocial Vulnerabilities To Depression After Acute Coronary Syndrome: The Pivotal Role Of Rumination In Predicting And Maintaining Depression, Ellen-Ge Denton, Nina Rieckmann, Karina W. Davidson, William F. Chaplin
Publications and Research
Psychosocial vulnerabilities may predispose individuals to develop depression after a significant life stressor, such as an acute coronary syndrome (ACS).The aims are (1) to examine the interrelations among vulnerabilities, and their relation with changes in depressive symptoms 3 months after ACS, (2) to prospectively assess whether rumination interacts with other vulnerabilities as a predictor of later depressive symptoms, and (3) to examine how these relations differ between post-ACS patients who meet diagnostic criteria for depression at baseline versus patients who do not. Within 1week after hospitalization for ACS, and again after 3 months, 387 patients (41% female, 79.6% white, mean …
Homicide By Neighborhood: Mapping New York City’S Violent Crime Drop, Preeti Chauhan, Lauren Kois
Homicide By Neighborhood: Mapping New York City’S Violent Crime Drop, Preeti Chauhan, Lauren Kois
Publications and Research
Researchers, scholars, and policymakers interested in the falling rate of violent crime in New York City (NYC) have attempted to pinpoint causes of the welcome trend. Discovering the causes of the city’s crime drop may lead to important lessons for the city itself and may influence policy and practice throughout the state, nation, and perhaps other countries. Researchers have suggested a host of mechanisms that may explain the dramatic decline in violence, but two factors—misdemeanor policing and the transformation of drug markets—continue to receive the most attention. This report focuses on these factors in relation to gun-related homicide rates. It …
The Bitter Truth About Morality: Virtue, Not Vice, Makes A Bland Beverage Taste Nice, Kendall J. Eskine, Natalie A. Kacinik, Gregory D. Webster
The Bitter Truth About Morality: Virtue, Not Vice, Makes A Bland Beverage Taste Nice, Kendall J. Eskine, Natalie A. Kacinik, Gregory D. Webster
Publications and Research
To demonstrate that sensory and emotional states play an important role in moral processing, previous research has induced physical disgust in various sensory modalities (visual, tactile, gustatory, and olfactory modalities, among others) and measured its effects on moral judgment. To further assess the strength of the connection between embodied states and morality, we investigated whether the directionality of the effect could be reversed by exposing participants to different types of moral events prior to rating the same neutral tasting beverage. As expected, reading about moral transgressions, moral virtues, or control events resulted in inducing gustatory disgust, delight, or neutral taste …
In Memoriam: Marta G. Franco, John A. Drobnicki
In Memoriam: Marta G. Franco, John A. Drobnicki
Publications and Research
Marta Franco was the longtime Serials Librarian in the York College Library.
Occupy Mindfulness, David Forbes
Professor Sheidlower's New Book, John A. Drobnicki
Professor Sheidlower's New Book, John A. Drobnicki
Publications and Research
The book Humor and Information Literacy was co-authored by Scott Sheidlower and Joshua Vossler.
The Socialist Design: Urban Dilemmas In Postwar Europe And The Soviet Union, Elidor Mehilli
The Socialist Design: Urban Dilemmas In Postwar Europe And The Soviet Union, Elidor Mehilli
Publications and Research
Taking a cue from two books—Stephen Bittner’s account of the “many lives” of the Soviet Thaw and Greg Castillo’s study of the Cold War as a series of battles in design and the domestic sphere—as well as a recent explosion of interest among historians in the Khrushchev era, “spatial history,” material culture, and East–West exchanges, this article addresses the paradoxes of the Thaw as exemplified in urban form. It argues for the interconnected nature of domestic, international, and Eastern bloc- level dynamics by viewing processes of the Thaw simultaneously from the angles of neighborhood, city, and empire. These angles capture …
Racial Microaggressions And The Filipino American Experience: Recommendations For Counseling And Development, Kevin L. Nadal, Kara M. Vigilia Escobar, Gail T. Prado, Ejr David, Kristal Haynes
Racial Microaggressions And The Filipino American Experience: Recommendations For Counseling And Development, Kevin L. Nadal, Kara M. Vigilia Escobar, Gail T. Prado, Ejr David, Kristal Haynes
Publications and Research
Racial microaggressions are subtle forms of verbal and behavioral discrimination toward people of color. The current qualitative study explores the experiences of Filipino American participants (N = 12), who described 13 categories of microaggressions, including being treated as an alien in one’s own land or as a 2nd-class citizen, being presumed to have inferior status or intellect, being assumed to uphold Filipino stereotypes, or being mistaken for another identity. Recommendations for counseling and development are discussed.
Cannabis-Dependence Risk Relates To Synergism Between Neuroticism And Proenkephalin Snps Associated With Amygdala Gene Expression: Case-Control Study, Didier Jutras-Aswad, Michelle M. Jacobs, Georgia Yiannoulos, Panos Roussos, Panos Bitsios, Yoko Nomura, Xun Liu, Yasmin L. Hurd
Cannabis-Dependence Risk Relates To Synergism Between Neuroticism And Proenkephalin Snps Associated With Amygdala Gene Expression: Case-Control Study, Didier Jutras-Aswad, Michelle M. Jacobs, Georgia Yiannoulos, Panos Roussos, Panos Bitsios, Yoko Nomura, Xun Liu, Yasmin L. Hurd
Publications and Research
Background Many young people experiment with cannabis, yet only a subgroup progress to dependence suggesting individual differences that could relate to factors such as genetics and behavioral traits. Dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) and proenkephalin (PENK) genes have been implicated in animal studies with cannabis exposure. Whether polymorphisms of these genes are associated with cannabis dependence and related behavioral traits is unknown. Methodology/Principal Findings Healthy young adults (18–27 years) with cannabis dependence and without a dependence diagnosis were studied (N = 50/group) in relation to a priori-determined single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the DRD2 and PENK genes. Negative affect, Impulsive Risk …
"This Is Exactly What This Study Is All About And It Is Happening Right In Front Of Me!" Using Participatory Action Research To Awaken A Sense Of Injustice Within A Privileged Institution, Brett G. Stoudt
Publications and Research
Rockport is an elite, all boys, day school in the northeast United States. It educates mostly white, wealthy, young men. Student researchers, faculty researchers and I collaborated to study bullying at Rockport using an approach to research known as participatory action research (PAR). In the process we also gained a better understanding of how privilege, especially gendered privilege, was socialized and (re)produced. The participatory research spaces that emerged in our project - grounded in the experiences of students, teachers, and administrators - facilitated critical awareness of self and context that Deutsch (2006) referred to as "awaking the sense of injustice." …
Taking Responsibility: The Multiple And Shifting Positions Of Social Justice Educators, Debbie Sonu, Rachel Oppenheim, Shira Epstein, Ruchi Agarwal
Taking Responsibility: The Multiple And Shifting Positions Of Social Justice Educators, Debbie Sonu, Rachel Oppenheim, Shira Epstein, Ruchi Agarwal
Publications and Research
In this article, we present a qualitative multi-case study of three beginning elementary teachers working in New York City and describe the distinct ways in which each articulates her responsibility to teach a social justice-oriented education. We employ positioning theory to examine how teachers narrate their relationship to the concept of social justice and how this relates to the ways in which they identify themselves and others as capable and qualified to engage in such work. We find that responsibility to teach for social justice is often delegated based on a perception of experiences with injustice and wonder how this …
A Conative Educational Model For An Intervention Program In Obese Youth, Jérémy Vanhelst, Laurent Béghin, Paul Stephen Fardy, Gilles Bui-Xuan, Jacques Mikulovic
A Conative Educational Model For An Intervention Program In Obese Youth, Jérémy Vanhelst, Laurent Béghin, Paul Stephen Fardy, Gilles Bui-Xuan, Jacques Mikulovic
Publications and Research
Background Obesity in children has increased in recent years throughout the world and is associated with adverse health consequences. Early interventions, including appropriate pedagogy strategies, are important for a successful intervention program. The aim of this study was to assess changes in body mass index, the ability to perform sport activities, behavior in the classroom and academic performance following one year of a health-wellness intervention program in obese youth. Methods The CEMHaVi program included 37 obese children (19 girls and 18 boys). Participants received an intervention program consisting of physical activity and health education. Assessment included body mass index, academic …
The French Prison System: Comparative Insights For Policy And Practice In New York And The United States, Lila Kazemian, Catrin Andersson
The French Prison System: Comparative Insights For Policy And Practice In New York And The United States, Lila Kazemian, Catrin Andersson
Publications and Research
Despite many differences between French and American correctional practices, the two countries have common challenges as well. This report offers a brief overview of the French prison system and describes how the elements of that system compare with the policies and practices of corrections agencies in New York and the United States.
A Comparative Genomics Screen Identifies A Sinorhizobium Meliloti 1021 Sodm-Like Gene Strongly Expressed Within Host Plant Nodules, Clothilde Queiroux, Brian K. Washburn, Olivia M. Davis, Jamie Stewart, Tess E. Brewer, Michael R. Lyons, Kathryn M. Jones
A Comparative Genomics Screen Identifies A Sinorhizobium Meliloti 1021 Sodm-Like Gene Strongly Expressed Within Host Plant Nodules, Clothilde Queiroux, Brian K. Washburn, Olivia M. Davis, Jamie Stewart, Tess E. Brewer, Michael R. Lyons, Kathryn M. Jones
Publications and Research
Background We have used the genomic data in the Integrated Microbial Genomes system of the Department of Energy’s Joint Genome Institute to make predictions about rhizobial open reading frames that play a role in nodulation of host plants. The genomic data was screened by searching for ORFs conserved in α-proteobacterial rhizobia, but not conserved in closely-related non-nitrogen-fixing α-proteobacteria. Results Using this approach, we identified many genes known to be involved in nodulation or nitrogen fixation, as well as several new candidate genes. We knocked out selected new genes and assayed for the presence of nodulation phenotypes and/or nodule-specific expression. One …