Digital Commons Network^™

Grb 040403: A Faint X-Ray Rich Gamma-Ray Burst Discovered By Integral, S. Mereghetti, D. Götz, M. I. Andersen, A. Castro-Tirado, F. Frontera, F Frontera, J Gorosabel, Dieter H. Hartmann, J Hjorth, R Hudec, G Pizzichini, N Produit, A Tarana, M Topinka, P Ubertini, A Deugarte

Publications

GRB 040403 is one of the faintest gamma-ray bursts for which a rapid and accurate localization has been obtained. Here we report on the gamma-ray properties of this burst, based on observations with the IBIS instrument aboard INTEGRAL, and the results of searches for its optical afterglow. The steep spectrum (power law photon index =1.9 in the 20–200 keV range) implies that GRB 040403 is most likely an X-ray rich burst. Our optical limit of R >24.2 at 16.5 h after the burst, indicates a rather faint afterglow, similar to those seen in other relatively soft and faint bursts.

What Is The Best Predictor Of Annual Lyme Disease Incidence: Weather, Mice, Or Acorns?, Eric M. Schauber, Richard S. Ostfeld, Andrew S. Evans Jr

Publications

Predicting fluctuations in annual risk of Lyme disease would be useful in focusing public health efforts. However, several competing hypotheses have been proposed that point to weather variables, acorn production, or mouse abundance as important predictors of Lyme disease risk. We compared the ability of acorn production, mouse density, and four relevant weather variables to predict annual Lyme disease incidence (detrended) between 1992 and 2002 for Dutchess County, New York, and seven states in the northeastern United States. Acorn production and mouse abundance measured in Dutchess County were the strongest predictors (r ≥ 0.78) of Dutchess County Lyme disease …

Adult Student Motivators At A University Satellite Campus, Janet Cosman-Ross, Diana Hiatt-Michael

Publications

The purpose of this qualitative study was to determine what factors motivated the adult learners at a Southern California university complex. Using surveys and interviews, the study also provided insight into the expectations of the students in relation to their careers and personal growth. In addition, analysis of the data uncovered information on how employer reimbursement of education costs affected the students’ motivation, who influenced the students to attend school, and why the students chose this university over others in the area.

From Young And Hot To Old And Cold: Comparing White Dwarf Cooling Theory To Main-Sequence Stellar Evolution In Open Clusters, Ted Von Hippel

Publications

I explore the current ability of both white dwarf cooling theory and main-sequence stellar evolution theory to accurately determine stellar population ages by comparing ages derived using both techniques for open clusters ranging from 0.1 to 4 Gyr. I find good agreement between white dwarf and main-sequence evolutionary ages over the entire age range currently available for study. I also find that directly comparing main-sequence turnoff ages to white dwarf ages is only weakly sensitive to realistic levels of errors in cluster distance, metallicity, and reddening. Additional detailed comparisons between white dwarf and main-sequence ages have tremendous potential to refine …

Integral/Spi Limits On Electron-Positron Annihilation Radiation From The Galactic Plane, B. J. Teegarden, K. Watanabe, P. Jean, J. Knödlseder, V. Lonjou, J. P. Roques, G. K. Skinner, P. Von Ballmoos, G. Weidenspointer, A Bazzano, Y M. Butt, A Decourchelle, A C. Fabian, A Goldwurm, M Gudel, D C. Hannikainen, Dieter H. Hartmann

Publications

The center of our Galaxy is a known strong source of electron-positron 511 keV annihilation radiation. Thus far, however, there have been no reliable detection of annihilation radiation outside of the central radian of our Galaxy. One of the primary objectives of the INTEGRAL (International Gamma-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory mission, resolution, coded-apeture gamma-ray telescope with an unprecedented combination of sensitivity, angular resolution, and energy resolution. We resport results from the first 10 months of observation. During this period a significant fraction of the observing time was spent in or near the Galactic plan. No positive annihilation flux was detected outside of …

The Economic Situation, 2005 March, Bruce Yandle

Publications

Quarterly report on the economic situation of the United States and South Carolina.

Dynamics Of A Black Bear Population Within A Desert Metapopulation, Eric C. Hellgren, Dave P. Onorato, J Raymond Skiles

Publications

Understanding metapopulation dynamics in large carnivores with naturally fragmented populations is difficult because of the large temporal and spatial context of such dynamics. We coupled a long-term database of visitor sighting records with an intensive 3-year telemetry study to describe population dynamics of recolonization by black bears (Ursus americanus) of Big Bend National Park in Texas during 1988–2002. This population, which occurs within a metapopulation in western Texas and northern Mexico, increased from a single pair of known breeding-age animals in 1988 to 29 bears (including 6 females of breeding age) in March 2000 (λ = 1.25/year). A …

The Practice Of Local Development: A Guide For Nebraska Communities On Creating Jobs And Business Investment, Robert Blair, Jerry Deichert, Jordan Fuller, Nathan George, School Of Public Administration, University Of Nebraska At Omaha, Center For Public Affairs Research (Cpar), Nebraska Department Of Economic Development

Publications

A description of the foundations of the local development process,

including a collection of resources on economic and business development strategies

Numerical Simulation Of Live Chaparral Fire Behavior Using Firetec, Lulu Sun, Xiangyang Zhou, Shankar Mahalingam, Jesse Canfield, Rodman Linn

Publications

Fire spread through chaparral fuels is a significant feature of wildland fire in southern California. In order to study the detailed physical processes involved during fire spread, FIRETEC, a coupled atmosphere/wildfire behavior model was refined to examine chaparral fire behavior. FIRETEC combines a sophisticated fine-scale model to simulate a three- dimensional wildfire, moving over a terrain-following finite volume grid, with the motions of the local atmosphere. It accounts for the microscopic details of a fire with macroscopic resolution by dividing quantities into mean and fluctuating parts and the resulting transport equations are solved by using a finite difference method. In …

Debacle In Dixie: A Story Of Six Rivers, Three States, Two Compacts And One Well-Paved Path, George William Sherk

Publications

No abstract provided.

The Chromospheric Activity And Ages Of M Dwarf Stars In Wide Binary Systems, Nicole M. Silvesteri, T. D. Oswalt, Suzanne L. Hawley

Publications

We investigate the relationship between age and chromospheric activity for 139 M dwarf stars in wide binary systems with white dwarf companions. The age of each system is determined from the cooling age of its white dwarf component. The current limit for activity-age relations found for M dwarfs in open clusters is 4 Gyr. Our unique approach to finding ages for M stars allows for the exploration of this relationship at ages older than 4 Gyr. The general trend of stars remaining active for a longer time at later spectral type is confirmed. However, our larger sample and greater age …

The Dyad Theory Of Classical And Quantum Physics, Preston Jones

Publications

The 4-space equations of hydrodynamics, electrodynamics, and quantum mechanics are developed using the dyad calculus. Gravity is found to couple hydrodynamics, electrodynamics, and quantum mechanics through the 4- space metric and differential operator. Expanding the 4-space equations of electrodynamics a time varying metric is shown to dissipate electromagnetic energy.

Linking Adult Reproduction And Larval Density Of Invasive Carp In A Large River, Michael J. Vanni, Kristin K. Arend, Mary T. Bremigan, David B. Bunnell, James E. Garvey, Maria J. Gonzalez, William H. Renwick, Patricia A. Soranno, Roy A. Stein

Publications

Eeotogists increasingly recognize the need to understand how landscapes ami food webs interact. Reservoir ecosystems are heavily subsidized by nutrients and detritus from surrounding watersheds, and ofren contain abundant populations of gizzard shad, an omnivorous ftsh that consumes plankton and detritus. Gizzard shad link terrestrial landscapes ami pelagic reservoir food webs by consuming detritus, translocating nutrients from sedimctn detritus to the water column, and consuming zooplaukton. The abundance of gizzard shad increases with watershed agricuhuralization, most likely through n variety oj mechanisms npeniting on ttuvat and adult life stages. Gizzard shad have myriad effects on reservoirs, including impacts on nutrients, …

Robust Control Techniques For State Tracking In The Presence Of Variable Time Delays, Jarrett Goodell, Marc Compere, Miguel Simon, Wilford Smith, Ronnie Wright, Mark Brudnak

Publications

In this paper, a distributed driver-in-the-Ioop and hardware-in-the-Ioop simulator is described with a driver on a motion simulator at the U.S. Army TARDEC Ground Vehicle Simulation Laboratory (GVSL). Realistic power system response is achieved by linking the driver in the GVSL with a full-sized hybrid electric power system located 2,450 miles away at the TARDEC Power and Energy Systems Integration Laboratory (P&E SIL), which is developed and maintained by Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC). The goal is to close the loop between the GVSL and P&E SIL over the Internet to provide a realistic driving experience in addition to realistic …

A Full-Wave Investigation Of The Use Of A ‘‘Cancellation Factor’’ In Gravity Wave–Oh Airglow Interaction Studies, Michael P. Hickey Ph.D., Yonghui Yu

Publications

Atmospheric gravity waves (GWs) perturb minor species involved in the chemical reactions of airglow emissions in the upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere. In order to determine gravity wave fluxes and the forcing effects of gravity waves on the mean state (which are proportional to the square of the wave amplitude), it is essential that the amplitude of airglow brightness fluctuation be related to the amplitude of major gas density fluctuation in a deterministic way. This has been achieved through detailed modeling combining gravity wave dynamics described using a full-wave model with the chemistry relevant to the airglow emission of interest. …

What Do They Know And When Do They Know It? An Examination Of Citizen Awareness Of Context, Brady Baybeck

Publications

The connection between the individual and her aggregate geographic environment, usually defined as the neighborhood, is a key component of the contextual model of social influence. However, there is substantial anecdotal evidence that people have very little knowledge or connection to their neighborhood. In this paper we explore the connection by using data from the South Bend Study (Huckfeldt and Sprague 1985) to answer two questions. What do people know about objective conditions of their neighborhoods? Second, do these conditions influence perceptions people have of their neighborhoods? We find that (a) people have a good deal of knowledge about the …

Inducible Ablation Of Mouse Langerhans Cells Diminishes But Fails To Abrogate Contact Hypersensitivity, Clare L. Bennett, Erwin Van Rijn, Steffen Jung

Publications

Langerhans cells (LC) form a unique subset of dendritic cells (DC) in the epidermis but so far their in vivo functions in skin immunity and tolerance could not be determined, in particular in relation to dermal DC (dDC). Here, we exploit a novel diphtheria toxin (DT) receptor (DTR)/DT-based system to achieve inducible ablation of LC without affecting the skin environment. Within 24 h after intra-peritoneal injection of DT into Langerin-DTR mice LC are completely depleted from the epidermis and only begin to return 4 wk later. LC deletion occurs by apoptosis in the absence of inflammation and, in particular, the …

Research On Human Subjects In The Jem, Ralph M. Steinman

Publications

[No abstract available]

Dendritic Cell Maturation By Innate Lymphocytes: Coordinated Stimulation Of Innate And Adaptive Immunity, Christian Münz, Ralph M. Steinman, Shinichiro Fujii

Publications

Pathogen recognition by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) on dendritic cells (DCs) leads to DC maturation and the initiation of adaptive immunity. Recent studies have shown that innate lymphocytes-natural killer (NK), natural killer T (NKT), and γδT cells-also trigger DC maturation. This interaction in turn expands and activates innate lymphocytes and initiates adaptive T cell immunity. Here, we comment on the evidence that these pathways are TLR independent and have the potential to respond to infection, malignancy, and immunotherapy.cell maturationdendritic cell

Sustained Expansion Of Nkt Cells And Antigen-Specific T Cells After Injection Of Α-Galactosyl-Ceramide Loaded Mature Dendritic Cells In Cancer Patients, David H. Chang, Keren Osman, John E. Connolly

Publications

Natural killer T (NKT) cells are distinct glycolipid reactive innate lymphocytes that are implicated in the resistance to pathogens and tumors. Earlier attempts to mobilize NKT cells, specifically, in vivo in humans met with limited success. Here, we evaluated intravenous injection of monocyte-derived mature DCs that were loaded with a synthetic NKT cell ligand, α-galactosyl-ceramide (α-GalCer; KRN-7000) in five patients who had advanced cancer. Injection of α-GalCer-pulsed, but not unpulsed, dendritic cells (DCs) led to >100-fold expansion of several subsets of NKT cells in all patients; these could be detected for up to 6 mo after vaccination. NKT activation was …

Innate Nkt Lymphocytes Confer Superior Adaptive Immunity Via Tumor-Capturing Dendritic Cells, Kang Z. Liu, Juliana Idoyaga, Anna Charalambous

Publications

If irradiated tumor cells could be rendered immunogenic, they would provide a safe, broad, and patient-specific array of antigens for immunotherapies. Prior approaches have emphasized genetic transduction of live tumor cells to express cytokines, costimulators, and surrogate foreign antigens. We asked if immunity could be achieved by delivering irradiated, major histocompatibility complex-negative plasmacytoma cells to maturing mouse dendritic cells (DCs) within lymphoid organs. Tumor cells injected intravenously (i.v.) were captured by splenic DCs, whereas subcutaneous (s.c.) injection led only to weak uptake in lymph node or spleen. The natural killer T (NKT) cells mobilizing glycolipid α-galactosyl ceramide, used to mature …

Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 3-Grabbing Nonintegrin/Cd209 Is Abundant On Macrophages In The Normal Human Lymph Node And Is Not Required For Dendritic Cell Stimulation Of The Mixed Leukocyte Reaction, Angela Granelli-Piperno, Alla Pritsker, Margit D. Witmer-Pack

Publications

The C-type lectin dendritic cell-specific ICAM 3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN)/CD209 efficiently binds several pathogens, including HIV-1. DC-SIGN is expressed on monocyte-derived DCs in culture, and importantly, it is able to sequester HIV-1 within cells and facilitate transmission of virus to CD4 ⁺ T cells. To investigate DC-SIGN function, we have generated new mAbs. We report in this study that these and prior anti-DC-SIGN mAbs primarily label macrophages in the medullary sinuses of noninflamed human lymph node. In contrast, expression is not detected on most DCs in the T cell area, except for occasional cells. We also noted that IL-4 alone can …

Empirical Downscaling Of Wind Speed Probability Distributions, S C. Pryor, Justin T. Schoof, R J. Barthelmie

Publications

This paper presents a novel approach to developing empirically downscaled estimates of near-surface wind speed and energy density and results from application of the technique to multiple stations in northern Europe. The downscaling takes a probabilistic approach in that it uses the mean and standard deviation of relative vorticity at 500 hPa and mean sea level pressure gradients computed using output from the ECHAM4/OPYC3 atmosphere-ocean general circulation model as the predictors and parameters of the wind speed probability distribution at surface stations as the predictands.We demonstrate that this approach generates accurate depictions of the wind climate during the conditioning period …

Modeling Wind And Tidal Circulation In Casco Bay, Maine: A Preliminary Study, Ernest D. True D. True, James P. Manning

Publications

No abstract provided.

Water Wrongs: Why Can't We Get It Right The First Time?, David Getches

Publications

Article reprinted in the Rocky Mountain Mineral Law Foundation Journal, Vol. 42, No. 2 (2005). Originally published in the Winter, 2004 issue of Environmental Law.

Application Of A Linear Center Identification Scheme To Deterministic Polar Positioning, Laine Mears, Thomas R. Kurfess

Publications

In a number of manufacturing applications, parts of circular cross-section must be centered for optimal processing or measurement. However, part form is never perfect, making accurate determination of the “centered” state of a part difficult. Imperfect inputs to the manufacturing process such as rough-processed parts, deformation due to heat treatment, or raw formed materials present difficulty in centering by the traditional manual method. This paper presents a filtering and quantification technique for identifying the true center of an imperfect round part through isolation of the lowest polar frequency component. A low-cost device is presented that centers parts based on this …

"Madrid De Corte A Checa" (1938) De Agustín De Foxá La Novela Falangista, Salvador Oropesa

Publications

No abstract provided.

El Concepto De Comercio Total En "Fortunata Y Jacinta" (1886-87) De Benito Pérez Galdós, Salvador Oropesa

Publications

No abstract provided.

Coming To Terms With Engineering Design As Content, Theodore Lewis

Publications

This article addresses the challenges posed by engineering design as a content area of technology education. What adjustments will technology teachers have to make in their approach to teaching and learning when they teach design as engineering in response to the new standards? How faithful to engineering as practiced must their approach be? There is already some advocacy in the literature that greater attention will need to be paid to mathematics and science, where these subjects underpin design. Cotton (2002) proposed that mathematical theories should be applied to design in technology education classrooms, and that students should be encouraged to …

Efficiency In Thin-Film Liquid System For Hosta Micropropagation, Jeffrey Adelberg

Publications

Three varieties of Hosta (‘Striptease’, ‘Minuteman’ and ‘Stiletto’) at four densities (40, 80, 120 and 200 explants per litre) were micropropagated on semi-solid agar and a thin-film liquid system with intermittent wetting of plant tissue. The mechanics of wetting by a small wave front required a larger rectangular vessel (11 × 27=297 cm ²) compared to the common cylindrical baby food jar (18 cm ²). Plants multiplied more rapidly in the agitated thin-film system than on agar. Lower plant densities increased rates of multiplication in liquid, but had little or no effect on multiplication rate on agar. Increasing …