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Beyond The Laboratory And Lens: New Metaphors For Literary Research, David Reinking Jan 2011

Beyond The Laboratory And Lens: New Metaphors For Literary Research, David Reinking

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No abstract provided.

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An Examination Of Multiple Predictors Of Orthographic Functioning., Glenn R Mesman, Michelle Y. Kibby Jan 2011

An Examination Of Multiple Predictors Of Orthographic Functioning., Glenn R Mesman, Michelle Y. Kibby

Publications

The purpose of this study was to compare three variables in terms of how well they predict orthographic functioning. To this end, the authors examined the relative contributions of rapid automatic naming, exposure to print, and visual processing to a composite measure of orthographic functioning in a heterogeneous group of 8- to 12-year-old children. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that rapid naming, exposure to print, and visual processing were each predictive of orthographic functioning when controlling for the other variables as well as vocabulary knowledge and phonological awareness. Thus, it appears that both linguistic and visual abilities are related to orthographic …

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Design Principles For High School Engineering Design Challenges: Experiences From High School Science Classrooms, Christian Schunn Jan 2011

Design Principles For High School Engineering Design Challenges: Experiences From High School Science Classrooms, Christian Schunn

Publications

At the University of Pittsburgh, we have been exploring a range of approaches to design challenges for implementation in high school science classrooms (Apedoe, Reynolds, Ellefson, & Schunn, 2008; Ellefson, Brinker, Vernacchio, & Schunn, 2008; Schunn, Silk, & Apedoe, in press). In general, our approach has always involved students working during class time over the course of many weeks. So, our understanding of what works must be contextualized to that situation (i.e., without significant home support, by students enrolled in traditional classrooms, involving content that is connected to traditional science classrooms). However, our approach has been implemented with thousands of …

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Infusing Engineering Design Into High School Stem Courses, Morgan Hynes, Merredith Portsmore, Emily Dare, Elissa Milto, Chris Rogers, David Hammer, Adam Carberry Jan 2011

Infusing Engineering Design Into High School Stem Courses, Morgan Hynes, Merredith Portsmore, Emily Dare, Elissa Milto, Chris Rogers, David Hammer, Adam Carberry

Publications

Society is recognizing the need to improve STEM education and introduce engineering design concepts before college. In the recent National Academy of Engineers report, Engineering in K-12 Education: Understanding the Status and Improving the Prospects, the authors suggest that the STEM disciplines not be treated as ―silos‖ and that engineering might serve as a motivating context to integrate the four STEM disciplines (Katehi, Pearson, & Feder, 2009). Recent research has suggested that integrated technology and engineering design curriculum can serve as a positive model for mathematics and science learning and retention (Ortiz, 2010; Wendell, 2011). The Tufts University Center for …

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Super-Solar Metal Abundances In Two Galaxies At Z ~ 3.57 Revealed By The Grb 090323 Afterglow Spectrum, S. Savaglio, A. Rau, J. Greiner, T. Krühler, S. Mcbreen, Dieter H. Hartmann, A. C. Updike, R. Filgas, S. Klose, P. Afonso Jan 2011

Super-Solar Metal Abundances In Two Galaxies At Z ~ 3.57 Revealed By The Grb 090323 Afterglow Spectrum, S. Savaglio, A. Rau, J. Greiner, T. Krühler, S. Mcbreen, Dieter H. Hartmann, A. C. Updike, R. Filgas, S. Klose, P. Afonso

Publications

We report on the surprisingly high metallicity measured in two absorption systems at high redshift, detected in the Very Large Telescope spectrum of the afterglow of the gamma-ray burst GRB090323. The two systems, at redshift z =3.5673 and z =3.5774 (separation ∆v ≈ 660 km s−1), are dominated by the neutral gas in the interstellar medium of the parent galaxies. From the singly ionized zinc and sulfur, we estimate oversolar metallicities of [Zn/H] = +0.29± 0.10 and [S/H] = +0.67± 0.34, in the blue and red absorber, respectively. These are the highest metallicities ever measured in galaxies at z> 3. …

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Transit System Evaluation Process: From Planning To Realization, K Bartman, Jennifer Ogle, Mashrur Chowdhury, Anne Dunning Jan 2011

Transit System Evaluation Process: From Planning To Realization, K Bartman, Jennifer Ogle, Mashrur Chowdhury, Anne Dunning

Publications

Many frameworks exist to help transit agencies plan, operate, and monitor the performance of transit in rural and urban communities. No framework integrates these three critical business practices into one coherent and flexible framework useful to rural and small-sized cities. The primary objective of this research was to integrate planning, operations, and performance measurement activities into a framework designed to evaluate transit in the context of overall mobility. By combining planning, evaluation, and performance monitoring processes, a succinct framework useful to transit agencies and planners was created. In addition to city entities, colleges and universities operating or contracting transit systems …

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On Leading And Being Led: Neither Is A Passive Role, Eric C. Shoaf Jan 2011

On Leading And Being Led: Neither Is A Passive Role, Eric C. Shoaf

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No abstract provided.

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Newcastle Disease Virus Expressing A Dendritic Cell-Targeted Hiv Gag Protein Induces A Potent Gag-Specific Immune Response In Mice, Jad Mammary, Frida Array, Qinshan Gao Jan 2011

Newcastle Disease Virus Expressing A Dendritic Cell-Targeted Hiv Gag Protein Induces A Potent Gag-Specific Immune Response In Mice, Jad Mammary, Frida Array, Qinshan Gao

Publications

Viral vaccine vectors have emerged as an attractive strategy for the development of a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine. Recombinant Newcastle disease virus (rNDV) stands out as a vaccine vector since it has a proven safety profile in humans, it is a potent inducer of both alpha interferon (IFN-α) and IFN-β) production, and it is a potent inducer of dendritic cell (DC) maturation. Our group has previously generated an rNDV vector expressing a codon-optimized HIV Gag protein and demonstrated its ability to induce a Gag-specific CD8+ T cell response in mice. In this report we demonstrate that the Gag-specific …

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Integrating Engineering Design Challenges Into Secondary Stem Education, Ronald L. Carr Jan 2011

Integrating Engineering Design Challenges Into Secondary Stem Education, Ronald L. Carr

Publications

Engineering is being currently taught in the full spectrum of the P-12 system, with an emphasis on design-oriented teaching (Brophy, Klein, Portsmore, & Rogers, 2008). Due to only a small amount of research on the learning of engineering design in elementary and middle school settings, the community of practice lacks the necessary knowledge of the trajectory of students' learning progressions towards design mastery and expertise and the appropriateness of otherwise established design pedagogies. The issue is even more pressing since many states are embedding engineering into their standards without a clear notion of how engineering (often conceptualized as design) works …

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Engineering Design Challenges In High School Stem Courses A Compilation Of Invited Position Papers, Daniel L. Householder Jan 2011

Engineering Design Challenges In High School Stem Courses A Compilation Of Invited Position Papers, Daniel L. Householder

Publications

Since its initial funding by the National Science Foundation in 2004, the National Center for Engineering and Technology Education (NCETE) has worked to understand the infusion of engineering design experiences into the high school setting. Over the years, an increasing number of educators and professional groups have participated in the expanding initiative seeking to acquaint all students with engineering design. While there is strong support for providing students with engineering design experiences in their high school STEM courses, the lack of consensus on purposes and strategies has become increasingly apparent as the work continues. Among the unsettled issues are the …

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Observations On Braided Thin Wire Nucleate Boiling In Microgravity, Justin P. Koeln, Jeffrey C. Boulware, Heng Ban, Jr Dennison Jan 2011

Observations On Braided Thin Wire Nucleate Boiling In Microgravity, Justin P. Koeln, Jeffrey C. Boulware, Heng Ban, Jr Dennison

Publications

A microgravity experiment was conducted on the Space Shuttle Endeavor (STS-108) to observe sustained nucleate boiling of water. Subcooled water was boiled with a single strand and a braid of three 0.16. mm diameter and 80. mm long Nichrome resistive wires. A CCD video camera recorded the experiment while six thermistors recorded the temperature of the fluid at various distances from the heating element. This paper reports experimental results in observations, measurements, and data analysis. Bubble explosions were found to take place shortly after the onset of boiling for both the single and braid of wires. The explosion may produce …

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Adventures In The Enormous: A 1.8 Million Clone Bac Library For The 21.7 Gb Genome Of Loblolly Pine, Zenaida Magbanua, Seval Ozkan, Benjamin Bartlett, Philippe Chouvarine, Christopher Saski, Aaron Siston, Richard Cronn, C Dana Nelson, Daniel Peterson Jan 2011

Adventures In The Enormous: A 1.8 Million Clone Bac Library For The 21.7 Gb Genome Of Loblolly Pine, Zenaida Magbanua, Seval Ozkan, Benjamin Bartlett, Philippe Chouvarine, Christopher Saski, Aaron Siston, Richard Cronn, C Dana Nelson, Daniel Peterson

Publications

Loblolly pine (LP; Pinus taeda L.) is the most economically important tree in the U.S. and a cornerstone species in southeastern forests. However, genomics research on LP and other conifers has lagged behind studies on flowering plants due, in part, to the large size of conifer genomes. As a means to accelerate conifer genome research, we constructed a BAC library for the LP genotype 7-56. The LP BAC library consists of 1,824,768 individually-archived clones making it the largest single BAC library constructed to date, has a mean insert size of 96 kb, and affords 7.6X coverage of the 21.7 Gb …

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A/R/Tographic Collaboration As Radical Relatedness, Barbara Bickel, Stephanie Springgay, Ruth Beer, Rita L. Irwin, Kit Grauer, Gu Xiong Jan 2011

A/R/Tographic Collaboration As Radical Relatedness, Barbara Bickel, Stephanie Springgay, Ruth Beer, Rita L. Irwin, Kit Grauer, Gu Xiong

Publications

In this paper the authors examine a/r/tographical collaboration in a communityengaged research study investigating immigrant understandings of home and place. The study, The City of Richgate, involves a complex collaboration between community members, community organizations, educational institutions, and a research team comprising artist-educators. The study crosses border zones of cultural, ethnic, geographic, institutional, public, private, and disciplinary boundaries, reflecting the ever-changing character of postmodern reality. In this paper the authors reflect critically and theoretically on the lived experience of radical relatedness found within the complex collaboration, particularly within the a/r/tographic research team. This offers a qualitative methodology of radical …

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Re/Turning To Her: An A/R/Tographic Ritual Inquiry, Barbara Bickel, Tannis Hugill Jan 2011

Re/Turning To Her: An A/R/Tographic Ritual Inquiry, Barbara Bickel, Tannis Hugill

Publications

This article reaches into the depths of a collaborative a/r/tographic ritual inquiry between two women artist-educators-priestesses. Within this we reflect on the intersections of research, art, spirituality, and education as thresholds of collaborative learning. Throughout the ritual-infused research process, we generated source material and imagery from trance, Authentic Movement, the labyrinth, reflective writing and co-interviews. Each of these process practices took us outside of ourselves, and attuned us to Spirit, offering a larger perspective on the inquiry while simultaneously bringing us closer to actualizing the performance ritual. In co-creating what became a performative ritual narrative of the loss and restoration …

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Happiness In Business Or Law, Peter H. Huang Jan 2011

Happiness In Business Or Law, Peter H. Huang

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This article provides a short introduction to recent happiness research and its applications to business or law that is organized as follows. Section I briefly considers: (1) troubling and not so troubling reservations about happiness research, and (2) how money and happiness are related. Section II concisely surveys two sets of applications of happiness research to business, namely: (1) workplace well-being and meaning, and (2) marketing. Section III succinctly reviews two categories of happiness research implications for law: (1) business regulation, and (2) law student and lawyer happiness.

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Record Of A Sixteen-Year-Old White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus) In Carbondale, Illinois: A Brief Note., Clayton K. Nielsen, Jennifer L. Swan, Eric M. Schauber Jan 2011

Record Of A Sixteen-Year-Old White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus) In Carbondale, Illinois: A Brief Note., Clayton K. Nielsen, Jennifer L. Swan, Eric M. Schauber

Publications

In May 2004, a dead white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) radiocollared in 1991 was found in Carbondale, Illinois, and was aged at 16 years old via cementum annuli analysis. She was a member of an unharvested, free-ranging population and likely died of natural causes. Given the average longevity of deer in unharvested populations at about 8 years of age, our finding is quite rare. Increased longevity of deer can heighten lifetime reproductive output, which may contribute to elevated deer abundance and concentrated herbivory in urban settings.

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Sampling Assemblages Of Turtles In Central Illinois: A Case Study Of Capture Efficiency And Species Coverage, Robert D. Bluett, Eric M. Schauber, Craig K. Bloomquist, Douglas A. Brown Jan 2011

Sampling Assemblages Of Turtles In Central Illinois: A Case Study Of Capture Efficiency And Species Coverage, Robert D. Bluett, Eric M. Schauber, Craig K. Bloomquist, Douglas A. Brown

Publications

Low and variable rates of capture are chronic problems in chelonian studies. We conducted a pilot study to evaluate protocols for future inventories of turtles in Illinois by comparing capture efficiency and species coverage for 2 devices (hoop net and cage trap), baits (fresh and day-old fish), habitats (lentic and lotic) and time periods . We accrued 402 captures of 378 individuals representing 7 species. At Sanganois State Fish and Wildlife Area (Sanganois), hoop nets produced more captures of more species (n = 231; 6 species) than cage traps (n = 119; 4 species). Statistical tests were equivocal for a …

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Trace Element And Stable Isotopic Signatures In Otoliths And Pectoral Spines As Potential Indicators Of Catfish Environmental History, Kurt T. Smith, Gregory Whitledge Jan 2011

Trace Element And Stable Isotopic Signatures In Otoliths And Pectoral Spines As Potential Indicators Of Catfish Environmental History, Kurt T. Smith, Gregory Whitledge

Publications

Natural chemical markers in otoliths and fin rays have proven useful for retrospectively describing environmental history of fishes in a variety of environments. However, no studies have applied this technique to catfishes or evaluated catfish pectoral spine chemistry as a nonlethal alternative to otolith chemistry. We characterized relationships between water, otolith, and pectoral spine (articulating process) chemistry for channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus, flathead catfish Pylodictis olivaris, and blue catfish I. furcatus and determined the accuracy with which fish could be classified to their environment of capture using otolith and pectoral spine chemical signatures. Fish and water samples were …

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Evaluation Of A Stable Isotope Labeling Technique For Mass-Marking Fin Rays Of Age-0 Lake Sturgeon, Kurt T. Smith, Gregory Whitledge Jan 2011

Evaluation Of A Stable Isotope Labeling Technique For Mass-Marking Fin Rays Of Age-0 Lake Sturgeon, Kurt T. Smith, Gregory Whitledge

Publications

The effectiveness of marking age-0 lake sturgeon, Acipenser fulvescens Rafinesque, pectoral fin rays with a stable strontium isotope was evaluated. Age-0 lake sturgeon were reared in water spiked with 0 (control), 25, 50, or 100 μg L-1 86SrC03 for 10 and 24 d; fish from each treatment group were retained for up to 120 d post-labeling to assess mark retention. Enriched isotope marks imparted to fin rays were distinct from fin ray 88Sr/86Sr ratios of control fish immediately following marking, with the 100 μg L-1 86SrCO3 treatments consistently yielding the highest …

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An Evaluation Of Hydrated Lime And Predator Sunfish As A Combined Chemical-Biological Approach For Controlling Snails In Aquaculture Ponds, Matthew R. Noatch, Gregory Whitledge Jan 2011

An Evaluation Of Hydrated Lime And Predator Sunfish As A Combined Chemical-Biological Approach For Controlling Snails In Aquaculture Ponds, Matthew R. Noatch, Gregory Whitledge

Publications

Aquatic snails are vectors for several species of digenetic trematodes which infest many commercially cultivated fish. Most research in methods of controlling snails in aquaculture ponds has centered on chemical solutions applied to pond margins and stocking of mollusk-eating fish. We sought to evaluate both methods separately and in tandem as a combination treatment for snails in research ponds under simulated commercial food fish production conditions. Hydrated lime (Ca[OH]2) slurry applied at a rate of 31.7 kg/30.5 m of linear shoreline in a 1 m-wide swath produced a 99% reduction in estimated snail densities. However, estimated snail densities …

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Contrasting Population Characteristics Of Yellow Bass (Morone Mississippiensis) In Two Southern Illinois Reservoirs, Kurt T. Smith, Neil P. Rude, Matthew R. Noatch, Dawn R. Sechler, Quinton E. Phelps, Gregory Whitledge Jan 2011

Contrasting Population Characteristics Of Yellow Bass (Morone Mississippiensis) In Two Southern Illinois Reservoirs, Kurt T. Smith, Neil P. Rude, Matthew R. Noatch, Dawn R. Sechler, Quinton E. Phelps, Gregory Whitledge

Publications

We investigated two southern Illinois reservoirs with contrasting size structures of yellow bass (Morone mississippiensis) to compare growth, mortality and recruitment patterns. Yellow bass were collected from Crab Orchard and Little Grassy Lakes during April-May 2009 using AC electrofishing. Total length and weight were recorded and sagittal otoliths sectioned and aged by two readers. Increments between otolith annuli were measured and the Weisberg linear growth model was used to assess age and environmental (growth year) effects on individual growth for fish from the two lakes. Von Bertalanffy growth models indicated faster growth and a greater maximum total length …

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Long-Term Pit And T-Bar Anchor Tag Retention Rates In Adult Muskellunge, Neil P. Rude, Gregory Whitledge, Quinton E. Phelps, Shawn Hirst Jan 2011

Long-Term Pit And T-Bar Anchor Tag Retention Rates In Adult Muskellunge, Neil P. Rude, Gregory Whitledge, Quinton E. Phelps, Shawn Hirst

Publications

Mark-recapture studies require knowledge of tag retention rates specific to tag types, fish species and size, and study duration. We determined the probability of tag loss for passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags implanted into dorsal musculature, T-bar anchor tags attached to dorsal pterygiophores, and loss of both tags in relation to years post-tagging for double-marked adult muskellunge Esox masquinongy over a 10 year period. We also used PIT tags as a benchmark to assess the interactive effects of fish length at tagging, sex, and years post-tagging on T-bar anchor tag loss rates. Only five instances of PIT tag loss were …

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Otolith Trace Element And Stable Isotopic Compositions Differentiate Fishes From The Middle Mississippi River, Its Tributaries, And Floodplain Lakes, John M. Zeigler, Gregory Whitledge Jan 2011

Otolith Trace Element And Stable Isotopic Compositions Differentiate Fishes From The Middle Mississippi River, Its Tributaries, And Floodplain Lakes, John M. Zeigler, Gregory Whitledge

Publications

Naturally occurring stable isotope and trace elemental markers in otoliths have emerged as powerful tools for determining natal origins and environmental history of fishes in a variety of marine and freshwater environments. However, few studies have examined the applicability of this technique in large river-floodplain ecosystems. This study evaluated otolith microchemistry and stable isotopic composition as tools for determining environmental history of fishes in the Middle Mississippi River, its tributaries, and floodplain lakes in Illinois and Missouri, U.S.A. Fishes were collected from 14 sites and water samples obtained from 16 sites during summer and fall 2006 and spring 2007. Otolith …

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No Exception To The Rule: The Unconstitutionality Of State Immigration Enforcement Laws, Pratheepan Gulasekaram Jan 2011

No Exception To The Rule: The Unconstitutionality Of State Immigration Enforcement Laws, Pratheepan Gulasekaram

Publications

No abstract provided.

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The Material Support Prosecution And Foreign Policy, Wadie E. Said Jan 2011

The Material Support Prosecution And Foreign Policy, Wadie E. Said

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No abstract provided.

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Disappearing Government Information And The Internet's Public Domain, Susan Nevelow Mart Jan 2011

Disappearing Government Information And The Internet's Public Domain, Susan Nevelow Mart

Publications

This article surveys the types and amounts of information that have been removed from the Internet since September 11th. Information has been removed in the name of national security as well as for reasons of seeming political expediency. After discussing the bases of some of the rationales for removing the information, and the legal underpinnings of continued access, the article suggests several forms of advocacy that could be used to return the information to the public's domain.

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¡Silencio! Undocumented Immigrant Witnesses And The Right To Silence, Violeta R. Chapin Jan 2011

¡Silencio! Undocumented Immigrant Witnesses And The Right To Silence, Violeta R. Chapin

Publications

At a time referred to as "an unprecedented era of immigration enforcement," undocumented immigrants who have the misfortune to witness a crime in this country face a terrible decision. Calling the police to report that crime will likely lead to questions that reveal a witness's immigration status, resulting in detention and deportation for the undocumented immigrant witness. Programs like Secure Communities and 287(g) partnerships evidence an increase in local immigration enforcement, and this Article argues that undocumented witnesses' only logical response to these programs is silence. Silence, in the form of a complete refusal to call the police to report …

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The Variable Determinacy Thesis, Harry Surden Jan 2011

The Variable Determinacy Thesis, Harry Surden

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This Article proposes a novel technique for characterizing the relative determinacy of legal decision-making. I begin with the observation that the determinacy of legal outcomes varies from context to context within the law. To augment this intuition, I develop a theoretical model of determinate legal decision-making. This model aims to capture the essential features that are typically associated with the concept of legal determinacy. I then argue that we can use such an idealized model as a standard for expressing the relative determinacy or indeterminacy of decision-making in actual, observed legal contexts. From a legal theory standpoint, this approach - …

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Diabetes And The Socioeconomic And Built Environment: Geovisualization Of Disease Prevalence And Potential Contextual Associations Using Ring Maps, John E. Stewart, Sarah E. Battersby, Ana Lopez-De Fede Jan 2011

Diabetes And The Socioeconomic And Built Environment: Geovisualization Of Disease Prevalence And Potential Contextual Associations Using Ring Maps, John E. Stewart, Sarah E. Battersby, Ana Lopez-De Fede

Publications

Efforts to stem the diabetes epidemic in the United States and other countries must take into account a complex array of individual, social, economic, and built environmental factors. Increasingly, scientists use information visualization tools to "make sense" of large multivariate data sets. Recently, ring map visualization has been explored as a means of depicting spatially referenced, multivariate data in a single information graphic. A ring map shows multiple attribute data sets as separate rings of information surrounding a base map of a particular geographic region of interest. In this study, ring maps were used to evaluate diabetes prevalence among adult …

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Risk Perception Analysis Of A Small Aircraft Transportation System, David S. Ferrel, Thomas Q. Carney, Scott R. Winter Jan 2011

Risk Perception Analysis Of A Small Aircraft Transportation System, David S. Ferrel, Thomas Q. Carney, Scott R. Winter

Publications

This study examines the impact and relationship between demographic factors and risk perceptions toward Small Aircraft Transportation Systems (SATS). The study included 178 participants who responded to an electronic survey administered to Purdue University faculty members and to selected leaders within the Purdue Intercollegiate Athletics department. Participants were surveyed as to their demographic identities including gender, age, academic position, and aviation familiarity, as well as their perceptions of physical, financial, and status risk from a SATS program. Results of this study showed that certain demographic factors are significant predictors of certain SATS travel risk perceptions. Participants’ intentions to travel via …

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