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Philippine Kinship And Social Organization From The Perspective Of Historical Linguistics, Maria Kristina Gallego
Philippine Kinship And Social Organization From The Perspective Of Historical Linguistics, Maria Kristina Gallego
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
Based on a reconstruction of Proto-Philippine kinship and social organization terminologies, thisarticle characterizes early Philippine kinship as bilateral with possible quasi-lineages. These features support the reconstruction of the Proto–Malayo-Polynesian system made by George Peter Murdock (1949) rather than that of Robert Blust (1980). In terms of leadership, the early Philippine community is described as dualistic in nature, allowing achieved and ascribed or hereditary chiefdom—thus deviating from the ancestral concept of hereditary leadership in the Proto–Malayo-Polynesian system. Changes in the Philippine kinship system are traced to show innovations in nomenclature and behavior toward certain kin.Keywords: historical linguistics • cultural reconstruction • …
Undecided Empire: The Travails Of Imperial Representation Of Filipinos At The Greater America Exposition, 1899, Michael C. Hawkins
Undecided Empire: The Travails Of Imperial Representation Of Filipinos At The Greater America Exposition, 1899, Michael C. Hawkins
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
Thisarticle examines the first formal exhibit of Filipinos under American rule at the Greater America Exposition in Omaha, Nebraska, in 1899. It focuses specifically on the remarkably discursive forms of representation at a time before official discourses of empire and the “Philippines” or “Filipinos” were established. In this sense the exposition marked a rare instance of true colonial encounter in which the contingencies and vulnerabilities of empire were plainly manifest. The exposition also provided a critical baseline by which to gauge evolving discourses of representation at subsequent expositions, particularly the 1904 St. Louis World’s Fair.Keywords: Greater America Exposition • Omaha …
Editor's Introduction, Jr. Aguilar
Editor's Introduction, Jr. Aguilar
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
No abstract provided.
Fishermen, Fishmongers, And The Sea: Economic Restructuring And Gender Dynamics In A Philippine Community, Nelson Nava Turgo
Fishermen, Fishmongers, And The Sea: Economic Restructuring And Gender Dynamics In A Philippine Community, Nelson Nava Turgo
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
Thisarticle provides a place- and work-specific exposition of gendered transformation in a local economy in Quezon province in the Philippines, where the declining productivity of fisheries since 1985 has seen a concomitant boom in fish marketing in nearby auction houses. It presents ethnographic data on seven families whose fishermen-husbands virtually abandoned fishing and assumed household management while their wives took on work as full-time fishmongers. The fishermen coped with the loss of economic clout by asserting masculine power, which resulted in spousal tensions, restrictions on their wives’ mobility and social lives, and incidents of domestic violence.Keywords: fishermen • fishing community …
The Philippines And Al-Andalus: Linking The Edges Of The Classical Islamic World, Isaac Donoso
The Philippines And Al-Andalus: Linking The Edges Of The Classical Islamic World, Isaac Donoso
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
This research note offers a broad analysis of the central elements that constitute Islamic identity in the Philippines in a manner that reconciles Philippine Islam with the global history of Islamic civilization. The contact with the Spaniards and the legacy of Islamic Spain serve as essential elements in defining Islamicity in the Philippines. Hence, Islam in the Philippines can be appreciated as combining the richness of a cultural process that includes influences from the East as well as the West (al-Andalus), shaping the Philippines as the meeting place of both edges of the Islamic world.KEYWORDS: ISLAMIC CIVILIZATION • PHILIPPINE ISLAM …
Editor's Introduction, Michael D.; Pante
Editor's Introduction, Michael D.; Pante
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
No abstract provided.
Sumpong Spirit Beliefs, Murder, And Religious Change Among Eighteenth-Century Aeta And Ilongot In Eastern Central Luzon, Mark; Ateneo Dizon
Sumpong Spirit Beliefs, Murder, And Religious Change Among Eighteenth-Century Aeta And Ilongot In Eastern Central Luzon, Mark; Ateneo Dizon
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
In common usage and in psychology sumpong is considered a deviant and irrational behavior. Thisarticle makes sense of sumpong by putting it in the historical context of animism, specifically that of the eighteenth-century Aeta and Ilongot of eastern Central Luzon. As a form of perception, feeling, and action, sumpong was temporally flat since past, present, and future did not succeed one another in linear fashion. Based on historical dictionaries and usage, thisarticle explores the role of sumpong as an affective and culturally intelligible way of understanding and acting in the animist world as seen in cases of murder and religious …
Editor's Introduction, Jr. Aguilar
Editor's Introduction, Jr. Aguilar
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
No abstract provided.
Sacred Enchantment, Transnational Lives, And Diasporic Identity: Filipina Domestic Workers At St. John Catholic Cathedral In Kuala Lumpur, Josefina Socorro Tondo
Sacred Enchantment, Transnational Lives, And Diasporic Identity: Filipina Domestic Workers At St. John Catholic Cathedral In Kuala Lumpur, Josefina Socorro Tondo
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
Thisarticle explores how influences from the homeland as well as notions of identity, class, and ethical behavior form the Filipino diasporic community. These notions are the filters migrants use to view and understand their relations with host citizens, religious leaders, and employers. By providing an ethnographic account of Filipino migrants in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, thisarticle explores the connection between transnational migration, diaspora, and religion, highlighting the migrants’ exercise of agency, religiosity, and sociality as they construct and inscribe their identity.KEYWORDS: Transnational Migration • Diasporic Community • Religion • Sacred Space • Filipino Identity
The Mass Miracle: Public Religion In The Postwar Philippines, Deirdre De La Cruz
The Mass Miracle: Public Religion In The Postwar Philippines, Deirdre De La Cruz
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
From November 1948 to March 1949, petals of roses fell from the sky on the grounds outside of a Carmelite convent in the town of Lipa, Batangas. The petals and stories about them circulated at local, national, and international levels, giving rise to a variety of interpretations of their significance. Thisarticle examines the rose petals of Lipa as both a phenomenon to be mediated and a medium in its own right, in order to propose the need to rethink the common category of “popular religion.”KEYWORDS: Religion • Catholicism • The Mass Media • Miracles • Transnationalism
Guest Editor's Introduction, Jayeel S.; Cornelio
Guest Editor's Introduction, Jayeel S.; Cornelio
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
No abstract provided.
People Of God, People Of The Nation: Official Catholic Discourse On Nation And Nationalism, Sj Francisco
People Of God, People Of The Nation: Official Catholic Discourse On Nation And Nationalism, Sj Francisco
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
Official collective statements of Catholic bishops construct and promote the imaginary of the Philippines as “Catholic nation.” This conflation of the body Catholic and the body politic has served as the church’s platform for defending its interests in education against perceived nationalist threats and for engaging social issues. Thisarticle traces the genealogy of this discourse and uncovers its distorted account of the Filipino nation’s emergence and its deductive pastoral logic. Given the inevitable link between “the religious” and “the secular,” the imaginary is challenged today by the call for greater inclusivity and the impact of digital connectivity on community, whether …
Marian Piety And Modernity: The Perpetual Help Devotion As Popular Religion In The Philippines, Manuel Victor Sapitula
Marian Piety And Modernity: The Perpetual Help Devotion As Popular Religion In The Philippines, Manuel Victor Sapitula
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
Thisarticle argues that Marian piety in the form of the Perpetual Help Devotion exemplifies “modern popular religion,” which has grown through mechanisms of strategic accommodation and creative refashioning in response to urban transitions in Metropolitan Manila and the ecclesiastical elites’ regulation of piety. Differences between religious authorities and devotees have produced diversified devotional practices, which retain their relevance due to an ethic of self-care that enables devotees to craft identities and self-understandings in the modern context. Rather than a threat, modernity provides opportunity structures and resources that enable religious beliefs and practices to respond to the exigencies of modernity.KEYWORDS: Popular …
Popular Religion And The Turn To Everyday Authenticity: Reflections On The Contemporary Study Of Philippine Catholicism, Jayeel S. Cornelio
Popular Religion And The Turn To Everyday Authenticity: Reflections On The Contemporary Study Of Philippine Catholicism, Jayeel S. Cornelio
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
The seminal works on everyday religion in the Philippines that appeared in the 1960s were motivated by pastoral concerns. Since the 1990s, however, there has been a growing interest in everyday religion as authentic expressions of what it means for individuals to be Catholic. This turn in the scholarship of social scientists and religious scholars has been driven less by the question of secularization than the demand for religion’s local relevance. Thisarticle explores the conditions under which the turn to authenticity has emerged in Philippine studies: the socioeconomic contexts, the expansion of the social sciences, the changing attitudes to religious …
Ethnography As An Act Of Witnessing: Doing Fieldwork On Passion Rituals In The Philippines, Julius Bautista, Peter J. Bräunlein
Ethnography As An Act Of Witnessing: Doing Fieldwork On Passion Rituals In The Philippines, Julius Bautista, Peter J. Bräunlein
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
Thisarticle juxtaposes two narrative accounts of ethnographic fieldwork on the Passion rituals of Central Luzon in the Philippines. Framed from two distinct cultural and temporal contexts, these narratives highlight the limits and the possibilities of reflexive participant observation in understanding and depicting Filipino religious culture. The authors problematize the assumption that the researcher is the sovereign determinant of fieldwork parameters and local “informants” are merely complicit with the former’s empirical strategies. The act of witnessing, they argue, is a fluid process of exchange conditioned by the expectations and desires of the researcher’s interlocutors and the researcher’s own anxieties over the …
Urban Religious Change At The Neoliberal Frontier: Notes Toward A Spatial Analysis Of A Contemporary Filipino Vernacular Catholicism, Paul-François Tremlett
Urban Religious Change At The Neoliberal Frontier: Notes Toward A Spatial Analysis Of A Contemporary Filipino Vernacular Catholicism, Paul-François Tremlett
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
Thisarticle sketches a theoretical point of departure for a spatial analysisof a contemporary Filipino vernacular Catholicism. Based on materialsfrom religious studies, the sociology of religion, and ethnographic andhistorical materials, it focuses on the new neoliberal spatial dynamicsof Manila and the extent to which recent shifts in its spatial constitutionmight be correlated with shifts in the sites and occasions of contemporaryCatholicism, and in particular with the emergence of El Shaddai. It asks: Ifincreasingly the neoliberal city is eviscerated of public and civic spaces, canEl Shaddai serve to revitalize and reenchant the city?KEYWORDS: Filipino Catholicism • Religious Change • Neoliberalism • Spatial …
The Early Periodicals Of The Iglesia Filipina Independiente (1903–1904) And The Emergence Of A Transregional And Transcontinental Indigenous-Christian Public Sphere, Adrian Hermann
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
The early periodicals of the Iglesia Filipina Independiente (IFI), La Verdad (1903) and La Iglesia Filipina Independiente: Revista Católica (1903–1904), have been quoted as primary sources but have not been explored in their own right. Since its beginnings, the IFI understood itself as belonging to a transcontinental, global movement of independent Catholic churches. The periodicals published various letters that the IFI had received from foreign Catholic groups that were similarly independent of Rome. This research note focuses on these periodicals and locates the IFI in an emerging transregional and transcontinental indigenous-Christian public sphere.Keywords: Iglesia Filipina Independiente • Periodicals • Indigenous-Christian …
Figuring Catholicism: An Ethnohistory Of The Santo Niño De Cebu By Julius J. Bautista, Review Author: Concepcion
Figuring Catholicism: An Ethnohistory Of The Santo Niño De Cebu By Julius J. Bautista, Review Author: Concepcion
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
No abstract provided.
Roland Sintos Coloma, Bonnie Mcelhinny, Ethel Tungohan, John Paul C. Catungal, And Lisa M. Davidson, Eds. Filipinos In Canada: Disturbing Invisibility, Review Author: Resto S. Cruz I
Roland Sintos Coloma, Bonnie Mcelhinny, Ethel Tungohan, John Paul C. Catungal, And Lisa M. Davidson, Eds. Filipinos In Canada: Disturbing Invisibility, Review Author: Resto S. Cruz I
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
No abstract provided.
Editor's Introduction, Jr. Aguilar
Editor's Introduction, Jr. Aguilar
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
No abstract provided.
The Komedya Of International Development In Camiguin Island: Ethnographic Stories On Program Impact And Sustainability, Andrés Narros
The Komedya Of International Development In Camiguin Island: Ethnographic Stories On Program Impact And Sustainability, Andrés Narros
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
There remains a lack of connection between existing standards of international development projects and the social and cultural complexities of rural Philippine communities where these projects are situated. Thisarticle attempts to supply the missing connection by discussing a case study in Camiguin Island in northern Mindanao, where a Spanish government–funded development program took place for fourteen years from 1990 to 2004. This study explores the community’s perceptions of the program through an alternative ethnography, using the “archaeological approach” and the traditional play “komedya” as metaphor, to understand the correlations among project standards, local complexities, and project impact and sustainability.KEYWORDS: Development …
Practicing “Enlightened Capitalism”: “Fil–Am” Heroes, Ngo Activism, And The Reconstitution Of Class Difference In The Philippines, Faith R. Kares
Practicing “Enlightened Capitalism”: “Fil–Am” Heroes, Ngo Activism, And The Reconstitution Of Class Difference In The Philippines, Faith R. Kares
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
Drawing on original ethnographic research, thisarticle focuses on the ways in which the Philippines-based nongovernmental organization (NGO) Gawad Kalinga (GK) encourages diasporic Filipino volunteerism by reworking the nationalist discourse of heroism and deploying idioms of love and care. It examines volunteer receptions to GK’s development approach and recruitment strategies. In so doing, thisarticle analyzes not only the diaspora’s role in GK’s housing construction efforts and poverty alleviation projects, but also interrogates the implications of the underclass ideology buttressing and the neoliberal logic framing the organization’s work with the poor.KEYWORDS: Filipino diaspora • development • nongovernmental organizations • nationalism • poverty
Kale Bantigue Fajardo Filipino Crosscurrents: Oceanographies Of Seafaring, Masculinities, And Globalization, Review Author: Joanne V. Manzano
Kale Bantigue Fajardo Filipino Crosscurrents: Oceanographies Of Seafaring, Masculinities, And Globalization, Review Author: Joanne V. Manzano
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
No abstract provided.
Oona Paredes A Mountain Of Difference: The Lumad In Early Colonial Mindanao, Review Author: Mark Dizon
Oona Paredes A Mountain Of Difference: The Lumad In Early Colonial Mindanao, Review Author: Mark Dizon
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
No abstract provided.
Editor's Introduction, Jr. Aguilar
Editor's Introduction, Jr. Aguilar
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
No abstract provided.
Editor's Introduction, Jr. Aguilar
Editor's Introduction, Jr. Aguilar
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
No abstract provided.
The Filipino As Libertarian Contemporary Implications Of Anarchism, Charles J-H; Macdonald
The Filipino As Libertarian Contemporary Implications Of Anarchism, Charles J-H; Macdonald
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
Modern Philippine society presents a number of traits that have puzzled or fascinated social scientists: an apparent looseness of organization, institutional fuzziness, intense factionalism, moral values geared toward smooth interpersonal interaction, a weak sense of public good, and a bilateral kinship system. Thisarticle revisits these points and makes sense of them by using a model of society called “anarchic” or “open-aggregated.” This conceptual grid applies to other societies and cultures, but is particularly enlightening with respect to Filipino values, their institutional style, and preferred types of behavior. Particular attention is paid to kinship and politics, to pakikisama and utang na …
The Hero Legend In Colonial Southeast Asia, Thomas; University Gibson
The Hero Legend In Colonial Southeast Asia, Thomas; University Gibson
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
Four legends that originated in the different religious and colonial contexts of the Tagalog and Makassar peoples are shown to conform to Edward Tylor’s classical “hero pattern.” Using structural anthropology and cognitive linguistics, thisarticle argues that hero legends generated metaphors from concrete relationships in the domestic domain to conceptualize abstract relationships in a series of other domains. The hero pattern underwent transformations in tandem with changes in the political and economic institutions in which it was embedded. From its beginnings as a charter for rival city-states in the ancient Middle East, it became a charter for the universalistic world religions …
Contracting Colonialism And The Long 1970s, Vicente L. Rafael
Contracting Colonialism And The Long 1970s, Vicente L. Rafael
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
How is it that a book published over twenty-five years ago dealing with a distant historical moment, consisting of a series of close readings of equally obscure texts that few scholars of even the same period bother to read and informed by a style of thinking largely foreign to nationalist ideas, continues to be read and referenced not only in the Philippines but in other parts of the world? Thisarticle seeks to answer this question by placing the making of Contracting Colonialism within the context of the long 1970s in both the Philippines and the United States.Keywords: ContraCting Colonialism • …
Contracting Colonialism: From Thesis To Book To Ebook, Vernon R. Totanes
Contracting Colonialism: From Thesis To Book To Ebook, Vernon R. Totanes
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
It is rare for scholarly books on Philippine history by Filipinos to remain in print twenty-five years after they were initially published. This research note examines the publishing history of Vicente Rafael’s Contracting Colonialism—from its origins as a doctoral thesis to its simultaneous publication by a US and a Philippine university press to its current availability as an ebook via two different platforms—to explore possible reasons behind its longevity and influence.Keywords: Contracting Colonialism • BooK History • Cornell University Press • Ateneo de Manila University Press • DUKe University Press