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Sevoflurane And Desflurane Exposures Following Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Confer Multifaceted Protection Against Delayed Cerebral Ischemia, Keshav Jayaraman, Meizi Liu, Gregory J Zipfel, Umeshkumar Athiraman

Open Access Publications

Numerous studies have demonstrated the ability of isoflurane conditioning to provide multifaceted protection against aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)-associated delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI); however, preclinical studies have not yet examined whether other commonly used inhalational anesthetics in neurological patients such as sevoflurane or desflurane are also protective against SAH-induced neurovascular deficits. We therefore sought to identify the potential for sevoflurane and desflurane conditioning to protect against DCI in an endovascular perforation mouse model of SAH. Neurological function was assessed daily via neuroscore. Large artery vasospasm and microvessel thrombosis were assessed three days after SAH or sham surgery. Four groups were examined: …

The Extensive And Functionally Uncharacterized Mitochondrial Phosphoproteome, Natalie M. Niemi, David J. Pagliarini

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Dysfunction Of The Key Ferroptosis-Surveilling Systems Hypersensitizes Mice To Tubular Necrosis During Acute Kidney Injury, Wulf Tonnus, Wenjun Li, Daniel Kreisel, Et Al.

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

A Multi-Step Nucleation Process Determines The Kinetics Of Prion-Like Domain Phase Separation, Erik W. Martin, Tyler S. Harmon, Jesse B. Hopkins, Srinivas Chakravarthy, J. Jeremías Incicco, Peter Schuck, Andrea Soranno, Tanja Mittag

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Lower Extremity Nerve Transfers In Acute Flaccid Myelitis Patients: A Case Series, Amy M. Moore, Carrie Roth Bettlach, Thomas T. Tung, Julie M. West, Stephanie A. Russo

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Distinct Microrna Profiles In The Perilymph And Serum Of Patients With Menière's Disease, Matthew Shew, Helena Wichova, Madeleine St Peter, Athanasia Warnecke, Hinrich Staecker

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

The Sulfur Microbial Diet And Risk Of Colorectal Cancer By Molecular Subtypes And Intratumoral Microbial Species In Adult Men, Daniel R. Sikavi, Yin Cao, Et Al

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

The T-Type Calcium Channel Isoform Ca V 3.1 Is A Target For The Hypnotic Effect Of The Anaesthetic Neurosteroid (3Β,5Β,17Β)-3-Hydroxyandrostane-17-Carbonitrile, Tamara Timic Stamenic, Simon Feseha, Francesca M Manzella, Damon Wallace, Davis Wilkey, Timothy Corrigan, Hanna Fiedler, Patricia Doerr, Kathiresan Krishnan, Yogendra H Raol, Douglas F Covey, Vesna Jevtovic-Todorovic, Slobodan M Todorovic

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: The mechanisms underlying the role of T-type calcium channels (T-channels) in thalamocortical excitability and oscillations in vivo during neurosteroid-induced hypnosis are largely unknown.

METHODS: We used patch-clamp electrophysiological recordings from acute brain slices ex vivo, recordings of local field potentials (LFPs) from the central medial thalamic nucleus in vivo, and wild-type (WT) and Ca

RESULTS: Patch-clamp recordings showed that 3β-OH inhibited isolated T-currents but had no effect on phasic or tonic γ-aminobutyric acid A currents. Also in acute brain slices, 3β-OH inhibited the spike firing mode more profoundly in WT than in Ca

CONCLUSIONS: The Ca

Nasal Septal Perforation Repair With An Inferior Turbinate Flap And Acellular Dermal Matrix, Saeid Mirzai, Andrew H. Lee, John J. Chi

Open Access Publications

Nasal septal perforation is an uncommon disorder that can cause disturbance of nasal physiology. The perforations can vary widely in size, location, and symptomatology. Many different closure techniques have been described in the literature; however, no gold standard has been recognized. The choice of surgical technique usually depends on the characteristics of the perforation and surgeon experience. Due to the goal of perforation repair being restoration of normal nasal physiology, techniques with the best outcomes have been those resurfacing the septum with nasal respiratory mucosa. Here we present our novel surgical method for large (> 2 cm) septal perforation closure …

Concussion-Reporting Behavior In Rugby: A National Survey Of Rugby Union Players In The United States, J. Chance Miller, Kenneth Shubin Stein, Tyler Moon, David Trofa, Hamish Kerr, Thomas Bottiglieri, C. S. Ahmad

Open Access Publications

Background: Rugby is the fastest growing team sport in the United States for male and female athletes. It is a contact/collision sport with an injury risk profile that includes concussions.

Purpose: To examine the prevalence of concussions in male and female rugby players in the United States and to characterize behaviors around reporting concussions that could be a target for prevention and treatment efforts.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods: An online survey distributed to active members on the USA Rugby membership list was used to examine self-reported concussions in male and female athletes. Concussion-reporting behaviors and …

Processing Pipeline For Image Reconstructed Fnirs Analysis Using Both Mri Templates And Individual Anatomy, Samuel Forbes, Sobanawartiny Wijeakumar, Adam Eggebrecht, Vincent Magnotta, John Spencer

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

A Unique Cardiovascular Presentation Of Pheochromocytoma, William Orr, Riti Chokshi, Georgeann Groh, Jennifer N. Avari Silva, George Van Hare, Aarti Dalal

Open Access Publications

We describe a unique presentation of a pheochromocytoma in a normotensive teenager, who presented with symptoms of headache, neck pain, and palpitations. Holter and event monitor tracings revealed intermittent junctional rhythm causing electromechanical dyssynchrony between atrial and ventricular contraction resulting in reported symptoms. Exercise stress testing helped correlate symptomatic junctional rhythm events to episodic hypertension which led to the eventual diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. The exercise test provided insight into the physiologic coupling that the sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic nervous systems have on the cardiovascular system during exercise and exaggerated hypertension. The patient was found to have MEN2A and partial adrenalectomy …

Pet Study Of Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor 1 Expression In Response To S. Aureus Infection, Hao Jiang, Jiwei Gu, Haiyang Zhao, Sumit Joshi, Joel Perlmutter, Robert Gropler, Robyn Klein, Tammie Benzinger, Zhude Tu

Open Access Publications

Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1) plays a crucial role in infectious diseases. Targeting S1PR1 provides protection against pathogens, such as influenza viruses. This study is aimed at investigating S1PR1 in response to bacterial infection by assessing S1PR1 expression in

Application Of Electrical Stimulation For Peripheral Nerve Regeneration: Stimulation Parameters And Future Horizons, Saad Javeed, Amir H. Faraji, Christopher Dy, Wilson Z. Ray, Matthew R. Macewan

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Superior Verbal Memory Outcome After Stereotactic Laser Amygdalohippocampotomy, Daniel L Drane, Jon T Willie, Et Al

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Seizures In Fragile X Syndrome: Associations And Longitudinal Analysis Of A Large Clinic-Based Cohort, Elizabeth Berry-Kravis, Robyn A Filipink, Richard E Frye, Sailaja Golla, Stephanie M Morris, Howard Andrews, Tse-Hwei Choo, Walter E Kaufmann, Et Al

Open Access Publications

Fragile X syndrome (FXS), the most common inherited cause of intellectual disability, learning disability, and autism spectrum disorder, is associated with an increased prevalence of certain medical conditions including seizures. The goal of this study was to better understand seizures in individuals with FXS using the Fragile X Online Registry with Accessible Research Database, a multisite observational study initiated in 2012 involving FXS clinics in the Fragile X Clinic and Research Consortium. Seizure data were available for 1,607 participants, mostly male (77%) and white (74.5%). The overall prevalence of at least one seizure was 12%, with this rate being significantly …

Corynebacterium Species Inhibit Streptococcus Pneumoniae Colonization And Infection Of The Mouse Airway, Kadi J Horn, Alexander C Jaberi Vivar, Vera Arenas, Sameer Andani, Edward N Janoff, Sarah E Clark

Open Access Publications

The stability and composition of the airway microbiome is an important determinant of respiratory health. Some airway bacteria are considered to be beneficial due to their potential to impede the acquisition and persistence of opportunistic bacterial pathogens such as

Development And Testing Of A Spray-Dried Tuberculosis Vaccine Candidate In A Mouse Model, Mellissa Gomez, Mushtaq Ahmed, Shibali Das, Leah Mellett, Rosemary Swanson, Ananya Gupta, Shabaana A Khader, Et Al

Open Access Publications

Converting a vaccine into a thermostable dry powder is advantageous as it reduces the resource burden linked with the cold chain and provides flexibility in dosage and administration through different routes. Such a dry powder presentation may be especially useful in the development of a vaccine towards the respiratory infectious disease tuberculosis (TB). This study assesses the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of spray-dried ID93+GLA-SE, a promising TB vaccine candidate, against

Hyperexcitability Of Sensory Neurons In Fragile X Mouse Model, Pan-Yue Deng, Oshri Avraham, Valeria Cavalli, Vitaly A Klyachko

Open Access Publications

Sensory hypersensitivity and somatosensory deficits represent the core symptoms of Fragile X syndrome (FXS). These alterations are believed to arise from changes in cortical sensory processing, while potential deficits in the function of peripheral sensory neurons residing in dorsal root ganglia remain unexplored. We found that peripheral sensory neurons exhibit pronounced hyperexcitability in

Dynamics Of Oddball Sound Processing: Trial-By-Trial Modeling Of Ecog Signals, Françoise Lecaignard, Raphaëlle Bertrand, Peter Brunner, Anne Caclin, Gerwin Schalk, Jérémie Mattout

Open Access Publications

Recent computational models of perception conceptualize auditory oddball responses as signatures of a (Bayesian) learning process, in line with the influential view of the mismatch negativity (MMN) as a prediction error signal. Novel MMN experimental paradigms have put an emphasis on neurophysiological effects of manipulating regularity and predictability in sound sequences. This raises the question of the contextual adaptation of the learning process itself, which on the computational side speaks to the mechanisms of gain-modulated (or precision-weighted) prediction error. In this study using electrocorticographic (ECoG) signals, we manipulated the predictability of oddball sound sequences with two objectives: (i) Uncovering the …

Druggable Lipid Binding Sites In Pentameric Ligand-Gated Ion Channels And Transient Receptor Potential Channels, Wayland W L Cheng, Mark J Arcario, John T Petroff

Open Access Publications

Lipids modulate the function of many ion channels, possibly through direct lipid-protein interactions. The recent outpouring of ion channel structures by cryo-EM has revealed many lipid binding sites. Whether these sites mediate lipid modulation of ion channel function is not firmly established in most cases. However, it is intriguing that many of these lipid binding sites are also known sites for other allosteric modulators or drugs, supporting the notion that lipids act as endogenous allosteric modulators through these sites. Here, we review such lipid-drug binding sites, focusing on pentameric ligand-gated ion channels and transient receptor potential channels. Notable examples include …

Liver-Specific Deletion Of Mttp Versus Tm6sf2 Reveals Distinct Defects In Stepwise Vldl Assembly, Elizabeth P Newberry, Gregory W Strout, James A J Fitzpatrick, Nicholas O Davidson

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Associations Between Education And Dementia In The Caribbean And The United States: An International Comparison, Jing Li, Jorge J Llibre-Guerra, Amal Harrati, Jordan Weiss, Ivonne Z Jiménez-Velázquez, Daisy Acosta, Juan De Jesús Llibre-Rodriguez, Mao-Mei Liu, William H Dow

Open Access Publications

Introduction: Despite high dementia prevalence in Hispanic populations globally, especially Caribbean Hispanics, no study has comparatively examined the association between education and dementia among Hispanics living in the Caribbean Islands and older adults in the United States.

Methods: We used data on 6107 respondents aged 65 and older in the baseline wave of the population-based and harmonized 10/66 survey from Cuba, the Dominican Republic, and Puerto Rico, collected between 2003 and 2008, and 11,032 respondents aged 65 and older from the U.S.-based Health and Retirement Study data in 2014, a total of 17,139 individuals. We estimated multivariable logistic regression models …

Endocannabinoid System Unlocks The Puzzle Of Autism Treatment, Tangfeng Su, Yu Yan, Qiang Li, Jiacai Ye, Lei Pei

Open Access Publications

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a serious neurodevelopmental disorder and characterized by early childhood-onset impairments in social interaction and communication, restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior or interests. So far there is no effective treatment for ASD, and the pathogenesis of ASD remains unclear. Genetic and epigenetic factors have been considered to be the main cause of ASD. It is known that endocannabinoid and its receptors are widely distributed in the central nervous system, and provide a positive and irreversible change toward a more physiological neurodevelopment. Recently, the endocannabinoid system (ECS) has been found to participate in the regulation of …

Consensus Guidelines For Improving Quality Of Assessment And Training For Neuromuscular Diseases, Tina Duong, Kristin J Krosschell, Meredith K James, Leslie Nelson, Lindsay N Alfano, Katy Eichinger, Elena Mazzone, Kristy Rose, Linda P Lowes, Anna Mayhew, Julaine Florence, Wendy King, Claudia R Senesac, Michelle Eagle

Open Access Publications

Critical components of successful evaluation of clinical outcome assessments (COAs) in multisite clinical trials and clinical practice are standardized training, administration, and documented reliability of scoring. Experiences of evaluators, alongside patient differences from regional standards of care, may contribute to heterogeneity in clinical center's expertise. Achieving low variability and high reliability of COA is fundamental to clinical research and to give confidence in our ability to draw rational, interpretable conclusions from the data collected. The objective of this manuscript is to provide a framework to guide the learning process for COAs for use in clinics and clinical trials to maximize …

High Affinity Associations With Α-Snap Enable Calcium Entry Via Orai1 Channels, Ramanagouda Ramanagoudr-Bhojappa, Yong Miao, Monika Vig

Open Access Publications

Molecular steps that activate store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) via Orai channel supramolecular complex remain incompletely defined. We have earlier shown that α-SNAP regulates the on-site functional assembly and calcium selectivity of Orai1 channels. Here we investigate the molecular basis of its association with Orai, Stim and find that the affinity of α-SNAP for Orai and Stim is substantially higher than previously reported affinities between Stim and Orai sub-domains. α-SNAP binds the coiled-coil 3 (CC3) sub-domain of Stim1. Mutations of Tryptophan 430 in Stim1-CC3 disrupted α-SNAP association and SOCE, demonstrating a novel α-SNAP dependent function for this crucial subdomain. Further, α-SNAP …

Type Iii Interferons: Emerging Roles In Autoimmunity, Sindhu Manivasagam, Robyn S Klein

Open Access Publications

Type III interferons (IFNs) or the lambda IFNs (IFNLs or IFN-λs) are antimicrobial cytokines that play key roles in immune host defense at endothelial and epithelial barriers. IFNLs signal

Metformin Downregulates Pd-L1 Expression In Esophageal Squamous Cell Catrcinoma By Inhibiting Il-6 Signaling Pathway, Yao Lu, Dao Xin, Lulu Guan, Mengli Xu, Yalan Yang, Yu Chen, Yuanyuan Yang, Andrea Wang-Gillam, Li Wang, Shanggang Zong, Feng Wang

Open Access Publications

Purpose: To characterize the mechanism by which metformin inhibits PD-L1 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and to evaluate the effect of metformin on the antitumor immune response.

Methods: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to analyze the correlations between IL-6 and prognosis and between IL-6 and PD-L1 gene expression in esophageal cancer. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blotting and immunofluorescence were used to study the mechanism by which metformin affects PD-L1 expression. Additionally, T cell function was assessed in a coculture system containing ESCC cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) treated with metformin …

Optimal Method For Fetal Brain Age Prediction Using Multiplanar Slices From Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Jinwoo Hong, Hyuk Jin Yun, Gilsoon Park, Seonggyu Kim, Yangming Ou, Lana Vasung, Caitlin K Rollins, Cynthia M Ortinau, Emiko Takeoka, Shizuko Akiyama, Tomo Tarui, Judy A Estroff, Patricia Ellen Grant, Jong-Min Lee, Kiho Im

Open Access Publications

The accurate prediction of fetal brain age using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may contribute to the identification of brain abnormalities and the risk of adverse developmental outcomes. This study aimed to propose a method for predicting fetal brain age using MRIs from 220 healthy fetuses between 15.9 and 38.7 weeks of gestational age (GA). We built a 2D single-channel convolutional neural network (CNN) with multiplanar MRI slices in different orthogonal planes without correction for interslice motion. In each fetus, multiple age predictions from different slices were generated, and the brain age was obtained using the mode that determined the most …

Sensory Percepts Elicited By Chronic Macro-Sieve Electrode Stimulation Of The Rat Sciatic Nerve, Nikhil S Chandra, Weston M Mccarron, Ying Yan, Luis C Ruiz, Eric G Sallinger, Nathan K Birenbaum, Harold Burton, Leonard Green, Daniel W Moran, Wilson Z Ray, Matthew R Macewan

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.