Digital Commons Network^™

Assaying Three-Dimensional Cellular Architecture Using X-Ray Tomographic And Correlated Imaging Approaches, Peter O. Bayguinov, Max R. Fisher, James A. J. Fitzpatrick

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Advanced Ultrasound Screening For Temporomandibular Joint (Tmj) Internal Derangement, Saul N. Friedman, Miriam Grushka, Hussam K. Beituni, Madhu Rehman, Hart B. Bressler, Lawrence Friedman

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Complications And Patient-Reported Outcomes After Tram And Diep Flaps: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Waverly Y. He, Leen El Eter, Pooja Yesantharao, Bethany Hung, Haley Owens, Sarah Persing, Justin M. Sacks

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

The Landscape Of Novel Therapeutics And Challenges In Glioblastoma Multiforme: Contemporary State And Future Directions, Karam Khaddour, Tanner M Johanns, George Ansstas

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma multiforme is a malignant intracranial neoplasm that constitutes a therapeutic challenge because of the associated high morbidity and mortality given the lack of effective approved medication and aggressive nature of the tumor. However, there has been extensive research recently to address the reasons implicated in the resistant nature of the tumor to pharmaceutical compounds, which have resulted in several clinical trials investigating promising treatment approaches.

METHODS: We reviewed literature published since 2010 from PUBMED and several annual meeting abstracts through 15 September 2020. Selected articles included those relevant to topics of glioblastoma tumor biology, original basic research, clinical …

Association Between Intake Of Energy And Macronutrients And Memory Impairment Severity In Us Older Adults, National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2014, Qinran Liu, Jianjun Guo, Liang Hu, Nicola Veronese, Lee Smith, Lin Yang, Chao Cao

Open Access Publications

Without a cure, dementia affects about 50 million people worldwide. Understanding the effects of dietary habits, a key lifestyle behavior, on memory impairment is critical to inform early behavioral modification to delay further memory loss and progression to dementia. We examined the associations of total energy intake and energy intake from macronutrients with memory impairment among older US adults using data from the nationally representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey study 2011-2014. A total of 3623 participants aged ≥60 years were analyzed. Comparing to those with low total energy intake, individuals with high intake were more likely to have …

Radiolabeled 6-(2, 3-Dichlorophenyl)-N4-Methylpyrimidine-2, 4-Diamine (Th287): A Potential Radiotracer For Measuring And Imaging Mth1, Huaping Chen, Sadia Afrin, Yingqiu Guo, Wenhua Chu, Tammie L S Benzinger, Buck E Rogers, Joel R Garbow, Joel S Perlmutter, Dong Zhou, Jinbin Xu

Open Access Publications

MTH1 (MutT homolog 1) or NUDT1 (Nudix Hydrolase 1), also known as oxidized purine nucleoside triphosphatase, has potential as a biomarker for monitoring cancer progression and quantifying target engagement for relevant therapies. In this study, we validate one MTH1 inhibitor TH287 as a PET MTH1 radiotracer. TH287 was radiolabeled with tritium and the binding of [

Cd46 And Oncologic Interactions: Friendly Fire Against Cancer, Michelle Elvington, M Kathryn Liszewski, John P Atkinson

Open Access Publications

One of the most challenging aspects of cancer therapeutics is target selection. Recently, CD46 (membrane cofactor protein; MCP) has emerged as a key player in both malignant transformation as well as in cancer treatments. Normally a regulator of complement activation, CD46 is co-expressed as four predominant isoforms on almost all cell types. CD46 is highly overexpressed on a variety of human tumor cells. Clinical and experimental data support an association between increased CD46 expression and malignant transformation and metastasizing potential. Further, CD46 is a newly discovered driver of metabolic processes and plays a role in the intracellular complement system (complosome). …

Using The Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (Sii) As A Mid-Treatment Marker For Survival Among Patients With Stage-Iii Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (Nsclc), Tithi Biswas, Kylie H Kang, Rohin Gawdi, David Bajor, Mitchell Machtay, Charu Jindal, Jimmy T Efird

Open Access Publications

The Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) is an important marker of immune function, defined as the product of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet count (P). Higher baseline SII levels have been associated with improved survival in various types of cancers, including lung cancer. Data were obtained from PROCLAIM, a randomized phase III trial comparing two different chemotherapy regimens pemetrexed + cisplatin (PEM) vs. etoposide + cisplatin (ETO), in combination with radiotherapy (RT) for the treatment of stage III non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We aimed to determine if SII measured at the mid-treatment window for RT (weeks 3-4) is a …

Status Of Theory Use In Self-Care Research, Tiny Jaarsma, Heleen Westland, Ercole Vellone, Kenneth E Freedland, Carin Schröder, Jaap C A Trappenburg, Anna Strömberg, Barbara Riegel

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: Theories can provide a foundation to explain behavior, investigate relationships, and to predict the effect of interventions. The aim of the study was to clarify the use of theories in studies testing interventions to promote self-care.

METHOD: A scoping review. PubMed, EMBASE, PsychINFO, and CINAHL were searched from January 2008 through January 2019. Nine common chronic conditions were included. We included studies testing a self-care intervention if they used a randomized controlled trial design. The study was registered in PROSPERO (#123719).

RESULTS: The search retrieved 9309 potential studies, of which 233 were included in the review. In total, 76 …

Tumor Microenvironment As A Regulator Of Radiation Therapy: New Insights Into Stromal-Mediated Radioresistance, Varintra E Krisnawan, Jennifer A Stanley, Julie K Schwarz, David G Denardo

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Implementation Of Wearable Sensing Technology For Movement: Pushing Forward Into The Routine Physical Rehabilitation Care Field, Catherine E Lang, Jessica Barth, Carey L Holleran, Jeff D Konrad, Marghuretta D Bland

Open Access Publications

While the promise of wearable sensor technology to transform physical rehabilitation has been around for a number of years, the reality is that wearable sensor technology for the measurement of human movement has remained largely confined to rehabilitation research labs with limited ventures into clinical practice. The purposes of this paper are to: (1) discuss the major barriers in clinical practice and available wearable sensing technology; (2) propose benchmarks for wearable device systems that would make it feasible to implement them in clinical practice across the world and (3) evaluate a current wearable device system against the benchmarks as an …

The Effect Of Smoking During Pregnancy On Severity And Directionality Of Externalizing And Internalizing Symptoms: A Genetically Informed Approach, Mikael O Ekblad, Kristine Marceau, Emily Rolan, Rohan H C Palmer, Alexandre Todorov, Andrew C Heath, Valerie S Knopik

Open Access Publications

The objective was to examine the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy (SDP) and (I) severity and (II) directionality of externalizing and internalizing symptoms in a sample of sibling pairs while rigorously controlling for familial confounds. The Missouri Mothers and Their Children Study is a family study (N = 173 families) with sibling pairs (aged 7 to 16 years) who are discordant for exposure to SDP. This sibling comparison study is designed to disentangle the effects of SDP from familial confounds. An SDP severity score was created for each child using a combination of SDP indicators (timing, duration, and amount). …

Relations Between Sensory Responsiveness And Features Of Autism In Children, Jacob I Feldman, Margaret Cassidy, Yupeng Liu, Anne V Kirby, Mark T Wallace, Tiffany G Woynaroski

Open Access Publications

Autism is a neurodevelopmental condition defined by differences in social communication and by the presence of restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, and activities (RRBs). Individuals with autism also commonly present with atypical patterns of sensory responsiveness (i.e., hyporesponsiveness, hyperresponsiveness, and sensory seeking), which are theorized to produce cascading effects across other domains of development. The purpose of this study was to examine differences in sensory responsiveness in children with and without autism (ages 8-18 years), as well as relations between patterns of sensory responsiveness and core and related features of autism. Participants were 50 children with autism and …

Change In Age At Diagnosis Of Oropharyngeal Cancer In The United States, 1975-2016, Brittany J Cline, Matthew C Simpson, Matthew Gropler, Aleksandr R Bukatko, Eric Adjei Boakye, Kahee A Mohammed, Nosayaba Osazuwa-Peters

Open Access Publications

The emergence of the human papillomavirus (HPV) as the primary etiology of oropharyngeal cancer has changed head and neck cancer (HNC) epidemiology. This study described change in the age at diagnosis of oropharyngeal and non-oropharyngeal HNC in the United States in the last four decades. Using a retrospective cohort analysis, the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results dataset from 1975 to 2016 was queried for eligible adult cases of HNC, grouped as oropharyngeal (

Depression And Nicotine Withdrawal Associations With Combustible And Electronic Cigarette Use, Michele L Pergadia, John W Newcomer, David G Gilbert

Open Access Publications

Depression is a risk factor for nicotine use and withdrawal. Population level epidemiologic studies that include users of either combustible or electronic cigarette (NICUSER) could inform interventions to reduce nicotine dependence in vulnerable populations. The current study examined the relationship between depression diagnosis (DEPDX), NICUSER, and lifetime rates of DSM-V nicotine withdrawal (NW) symptoms in a nationally representative sample of US adults (

Lymphatic Drainage From Bronchus-Associated Lymphoid Tissue In Tolerant Lung Allografts Promotes Peripheral Tolerance, Wenjun Li, Jason M Gauthier, Alice Y Tong, Yuriko Terada, Ryuji Higashikubo, Christian C Frye, Margaret S Harrison, Kohei Hashimoto, Amit I Bery, Jon H Ritter, Ruben G Nava, Varun Puri, Brian W Wong, Kory J Lavine, Ankit Bharat, Alexander S Krupnick, Andrew E Gelman, Daniel Kreisel

Open Access Publications

Tertiary lymphoid organs are aggregates of immune and stromal cells including high endothelial venules and lymphatic vessels that resemble secondary lymphoid organs and can be induced at nonlymphoid sites during inflammation. The function of lymphatic vessels within tertiary lymphoid organs remains poorly understood. During lung transplant tolerance, Foxp3+ cells accumulate in tertiary lymphoid organs that are induced within the pulmonary grafts and are critical for the local downregulation of alloimmune responses. Here, we showed that tolerant lung allografts could induce and maintain tolerance of heterotopic donor-matched hearts through pathways that were dependent on the continued presence of the transplanted lung. …

Dmpfc-Vlpag Projection Neurons Contribute To Pain Threshold Maintenance And Antianxiety Behaviors, Jun-Bin Yin, Yang Bai, Yi Sun, Zhen-Yu Wu, Hui Li, Zhou-Feng Chen, Et Al

Open Access Publications

The dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) has been recognized as a key cortical area for nociceptive modulation. However, the underlying neural pathway and the function of specific cell types remain largely unclear. Here, we show that lesions in the dmPFC induced an algesic and anxious state. Using multiple tracing methods including a rabies-based transsynaptic tracing method, we outlined an excitatory descending neural pathway from the dmPFC to the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG). Specific activation of the dmPFC/vlPAG neural pathway by optogenetic manipulation produced analgesic and antianxiety effects in a mouse model of chronic pain. Inhibitory neurons in the dmPFC were …

Decreased Adipose Tissue Oxygenation Associates With Insulin Resistance In Individuals With Obesity, Vincenza Cifarelli, Scott C Beeman, Gordon I Smith, Jun Yoshino, Darya Morozov, Joseph W Beals, Brandon D Kayser, Jeramie D Watrous, Mohit Jain, Bruce W Patterson, Samuel Klein

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUNDData from studies conducted in rodent models have shown that decreased adipose tissue (AT) oxygenation is involved in the pathogenesis of obesity-induced insulin resistance. Here, we evaluated the potential influence of AT oxygenation on AT biology and insulin sensitivity in people.METHODSWe evaluated subcutaneous AT oxygen partial pressure (pO2); liver and whole-body insulin sensitivity; AT expression of genes and pathways involved in inflammation, fibrosis, and branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) catabolism; systemic markers of inflammation; and plasma BCAA concentrations, in 3 groups of participants that were rigorously stratified by adiposity and insulin sensitivity: metabolically healthy lean (MHL; n = 11), metabolically healthy …

Comparing Cortical Signatures Of Atrophy Between Late-Onset And Autosomal Dominant Alzheimer Disease, Aylin Dincer, Brian A Gordon, Sarah J Keefe, Shaney Flores, Nicole S Mckay, Angela M Paulick, Rebecca L Feldman, Russ C Hornbeck, Beau M Ances, Nelly Joseph-Mathurin, Celeste M Karch, Eric M Mcdade, Richard J Perrin, Cyrus Raji, Qing Wang, Chengjie Xiong, John C Morris, Randall J Bateman, Tammie L S Benzinger, Et Al

Open Access Publications

Defining a signature of cortical regions of interest preferentially affected by Alzheimer disease (AD) pathology may offer improved sensitivity to early AD compared to hippocampal volume or mesial temporal lobe alone. Since late-onset Alzheimer disease (LOAD) participants tend to have age-related comorbidities, the younger-onset age in autosomal dominant AD (ADAD) may provide a more idealized model of cortical thinning in AD. To test this, the goals of this study were to compare the degree of overlap between the ADAD and LOAD cortical thinning maps and to evaluate the ability of the ADAD cortical signature regions to predict early pathological changes …

Pathophysiological Consequences Of Katp Channel Overactivity And Pharmacological Response To Glibenclamide In Skeletal Muscle Of A Murine Model Of Cantù Syndrome, Rosa Scala, Fatima Maqoud, Nicola Zizzo, Antonietta Mele, Giulia Maria Camerino, Francesco Alfredo Zito, Girolamo Ranieri, Conor Mcclenaghan, Theresa M Harter, Colin G Nichols, Domenico Tricarico

Open Access Publications

Cantù syndrome (CS) arises from mutations in

Exploring Differences In The Role Of Hospitalization On Weight Gain Based On Treatment Type From Randomized Clinical Trials For Adolescent Anorexia Nervosa, Nandini Datta, Brittany E Matheson, Daniel Le Grange, Harry A Brandt, Blake Woodside, Katherine A Halmi, Denise E Wilfley, James D Lock

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Deep Brain Stimulation Of The Subthalamic Nucleus Modulates Reward-Related Behavior: A Systematic Review, Yvan M Vachez, Meaghan C Creed

Open Access Publications

Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) is an effective treatment for the motor symptoms of movement disorders including Parkinson's Disease (PD). Despite its therapeutic benefits, STN-DBS has been associated with adverse effects on mood and cognition. Specifically, apathy, which is defined as a loss of motivation, has been reported to emerge or to worsen following STN-DBS. However, it is often challenging to disentangle the effects of STN-DBS

Documenting Social Media Engagement As Scholarship: A New Model For Assessing Academic Accomplishment For The Health Professions, Kimberly D Acquaviva, Rakhee K Bhayani, Et Al

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: The traditional model of promotion and tenure in the health professions relies heavily on formal scholarship through teaching, research, and service. Institutions consider how much weight to give activities in each of these areas and determine a threshold for advancement. With the emergence of social media, scholars can engage wider audiences in creative ways and have a broader impact. Conventional metrics like the h-index do not account for social media impact. Social media engagement is poorly represented in most curricula vitae (CV) and therefore is undervalued in promotion and tenure reviews.

OBJECTIVE: The objective was to develop crowdsourced guidelines …

Comparison Of Smartphone Photography, Single-Lens Reflex Photography, And Field-Grading For Trachoma, John M Nesemann, Michael I Seider, Blake M Snyder, Robi N Maamari, Daniel A Fletcher, Berhan A Haile, Zerihun Tadesse, Nicole E Varnado, Sun Y Cotter, Elizabeth Kelly Callahan, Paul M Emerson, Todd P Margolis, Thomas M Lietman, Jeremy D Keenan

Open Access Publications

Conjunctival examination for trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF) guides public health decisions for trachoma. Smartphone cameras may allow remote conjunctival grading, but previous studies have found low sensitivity. A random sample of 412 children aged 1-9 years received an in-person conjunctival examination and then had conjunctival photographs taken with 1) a single-lens reflex (SLR) camera and 2) a smartphone coupled to a 3D-printed magnifying attachment. Three masked graders assessed the conjunctival photographs for TF. Latent class analysis was used to determine the sensitivity and specificity of each grading method for TF. Single-lens reflex photo-grading was 95.0% sensitive and 93.6% specific, and smartphone …

Selecting The "Touched Vertebra" As The Lowest Instrumented Vertebra In Patients With Lenke Type-1 And 2 Curves: Radiographic Results After A Minimum 5-Year Follow-Up, Eduardo C Beauchamp, Lawrence G Lenke, Meghan Cerpa, Peter O Newton, Michael P Kelly, Kathy M Blanke, Harms Study Group Investigators

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: The selection of the lowest instrumented vertebra (LIV) in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is still controversial. Although multiple radiographic methods have been proposed, there is no universally accepted guideline for appropriate selection of the LIV. We developed a simple and reproducible method for selection of the LIV in patients with Lenke type-1 (main thoracic) and 2 (double thoracic) curves and investigated its effectiveness in producing optimal positioning of the LIV at 5 years of follow-up.

METHODS: The radiographs for 299 patients with Lenke type-1 or 2 AIS curves that were included in a multicenter database were evaluated …

Filmless Quality Assurance Of A Leksell Gamma Knife® Icon™, Borna Maraghechi, Taeho Kim, Timothy J Mitchell, S Murty Goddu, Joe Dise, James A Kavanaugh, Jacqueline E Zoberi, Sasa Mutic, Nels C Knutson

Open Access Publications

PURPOSE: The annual quality assurance (QA) of Leksell Gamma Knife

METHODS: Annual QA tests for a LGK Icon™ system were performed using both film-based and filmless techniques. Output calibration, relative output factors (ROF), radiation profiles, sector uniformity/source counting, and verification of the unit center point (UCP) and radiation focal point (RFP) coincidence tests were performed. Radiochromic films, two ionization chambers, and a synthetic diamond detector were used for the measurements. Results were compared and verified with the treatment planning system (TPS).

RESULTS: The measured dose rate of the LGK Icon was within 0.4% of the TPS value set at the …

Mass Cytometry Detects H3.3k27m-Specific Vaccine Responses In Diffuse Midline Glioma, Sabine Mueller, Karen Gauvain, Et Al

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUNDPatients with diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs), including diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), have dismal outcomes. We previously described the H3.3K27M mutation as a shared neoantigen in HLA-A*02.01+, H3.3K27M+ DMGs. Within the Pacific Pediatric Neuro-Oncology Consortium, we assessed the safety and efficacy of an H3.3K27M-targeted peptide vaccine.METHODSNewly diagnosed patients, aged 3-21 years, with HLA-A*02.01+ and H3.3K27M+ status were enrolled in stratum A (DIPG) or stratum B (nonpontine DMG). Vaccine was administered in combination with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid-poly-I-lysine carboxymethylcellulose (poly-ICLC) every 3 weeks for 8 cycles, followed by once every 6 weeks. Immunomonitoring and imaging were performed every 3 months. Imaging was centrally …

Microstructural And Mechanical Properties Of Grafts Commonly Used For Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction, Ryan M Castile, Matthew J Jenkins, Spencer P Lake, Robert H Brophy

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: Injuries to the anterior cruciate ligament and posterior cruciate ligament are common, and often are treated with reconstruction. Limited quantitative data are available describing material properties of grafts used for reconstructions such as the bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB), hamstring tendon (HS), and quadriceps tendon (QT). The purpose of this study was to quantify and compare microstructural and mechanical properties of BPTB, HS, and QT grafts.

METHODS: Forty specimens (13 BPTB, 13 HS, and 14 QT grafts) from 24 donors were used. Specimens were subjected to preconditioning, stress relaxation, and ramp to failure. Mechanical parameters were calculated for each sample, and …

Clinical Experience Of Mri4d Quasar Motion Phantom For Latency Measurements In 0.35t Mr‐Linac, Taeho Kim, Benjamin Lewis, Rajiv Lotey, Enzo Barberi, Olga Green

Open Access Publications

PURPOSE: In MRgRT, accuracy of treatment depends on the gating latency, when real-time targeting and gating is enabled. Gating latency is dependent on image acquisition, processing time, accuracy, efficacy of target tracking algorithms, and radiation beam delivery latency. In this report, clinical experience of the MRI

MATERIALS/METHODS: Beam-control latency was measured on a 0.35-T MR-LINAC system with four target tracking algorithms and two real-time cine imaging sequences [four and eight frames per second (FPS)]. Using an MR-compatible motion phantom, the delays between phantom beam triggering signal and linac radiation beam control signal were evaluated for three motion periods with a …

Ten-Year Experience With Percutaneous Cryoablation Of Renal Tumors: Tumor Size Predicts Disease Progression, Nicholas A. Pickersgill, Joel M. Vetter, Eric H. Kim, Sky J. Cope, Kefu Du, Ramakrishna Venkatesh, Joseph Daniel Giardina, Nael E. S. Saad, Sam B. Bhayani, Robert S. Figenshau

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.