Digital Commons Network^™

Runx2 Plays A Central Role In Osteoarthritis Development, Di Chen, Dongyeon J. Kim, Jie Shen, Zhen Zou, Regis J. O'Keefe

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Higher Cortical Dysfunction Presenting As Visual Symptoms In Neurodegenerative Diseases, Yin Liu, Victoria S Pelak, Gregory Van Stavern, Heather E Moss

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Characteristics And Outcomes Among A Hospitalized Patient Cohort With Streptococcus Pneumoniae Infection, Scott T. Micek, James Simmons, Nicholas Hampton, Marin H. Kollef

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Maturational Patterns Of Left Ventricular Rotational Mechanics In Pre-Term Infants Through 1 Year Of Age, Gloria C Lehmann, Philip T Levy, Meghna D Patel, Timothy Sekarski, Hongjie Gu, Swati Choudhry, Aaron Hamvas, Gautam K Singh

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: Pre-mature birth impacts left ventricular development, predisposing this population to long-term cardiovascular risk. The aims of this study were to investigate maturational changes in rotational properties from the neonatal period through 1 year of age and to discern the impact of cardiopulmonary complications of pre-maturity on these measures.

METHODS: Pre-term infants (<29 weeks at birth, n = 117) were prospectively enrolled and followed to 1-year corrected age. Left ventricular basal and apical rotation, twist, and torsion were measured by two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography and analysed at 32 and 36 weeks post-menstrual age and 1-year corrected age. A mixed random effects model with repeated measures analysis was used to compare rotational mechanics over time. Torsion was compared in infants with and without complications of cardiopulmonary diseases of pre-maturity, specifically bronchopulmonary dysplasia, pulmonary hypertension, and patent ductus arteriosus.

RESULTS: Torsion decreased from 32 weeks post-menstrual age to 1-year corrected age in all pre-term infants (p < 0.001). The decline from 32 to 36 weeks post-menstrual age was more pronounced in infants with cardiopulmonary complications, but was similar to healthy pre-term infants from 36 weeks post-menstrual age to 1-year corrected age. The decline was due to directional and magnitude changes in apical rotation over time (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: This study tracks maturational patterns of rotational mechanics in pre-term infants and reveals torsion declines from the neonatal period through 1 year. Cardiopulmonary diseases of pre-maturity may negatively impact …

Cathepsin S And Protease-Activated Receptor-2 Drive Alloimmunity And Immune Regulation In Kidney Allograft Rejection, Yutian Lei, Benjamin Ehle, Santhosh V Kumar, Susanne Müller, Solange Moll, Andrew F Malone, Benjamin D Humphreys, Joachim Andrassy, Hans-Joachim Anders

Open Access Publications

Alloantigen presentation is an essential process in acute allorejection. In this context, we speculated on a pathogenic role of cathepsin S (Cat-S), a cysteine protease known to promote antigenic peptide loading into MHC class II and to activate protease-activated receptor (PAR)-2 on intrarenal microvascular endothelial and tubular epithelial cells. Single-cell RNA sequencing and immunostaining of human kidney allografts confirmed Cat-S expression in intrarenal mononuclear phagocytes.

Formation Of Lung Inducible Bronchus Associated Lymphoid Tissue Is Regulated By Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Expressed Determinants, Micah D Dunlap, Oliver A Prince, Javier Rangel-Moreno, Kimberly A Thomas, Julia M Scordo, Jordi B Torrelles, Jeffery Cox, Adrie J C Steyn, Joaquín Zúñiga, Deepak Kaushal, Shabaana A Khader

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Early Life Exposure To Traffic-Related Air Pollution On Brain Development In Juvenile Sprague-Dawley Rats, Kelley T. Patten, Eduardo A. González, Anthony Valenzuela, Elizabeth Berg, Christopher Wallis, Joel R. Garbow, Jill L. Silverman, Keith J. Bein, Anthony S. Wexler, Pamela J. Lein

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Using A Developmental Perspective To Examine The Moderating Effects Of Marriage On Heavy Episodic Drinking In A Young Adult Sample Enriched For Risk, Seung Bin Cho, Rebecca L Smith, Kathleen Bucholz, Grace Chan, Howard J Edenberg, Victor Hesselbrock, John Kramer, Vivia V Mccutcheon, John Nurnberger, Marc Schuckit, Yong Zang, Danielle M Dick, Jessica E Salvatore

Open Access Publications

Many studies demonstrate that marriage protects against risky alcohol use and moderates genetic influences on alcohol outcomes; however, previous work has not considered these effects from a developmental perspective or in high-risk individuals. These represent important gaps, as it cannot be assumed that marriage has uniform effects across development or in high-risk samples. We took a longitudinal developmental approach to examine whether marital status was associated with heavy episodic drinking (HED), and whether marital status moderated polygenic influences on HED. Our sample included 937 individuals (53.25% female) from the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism who reported their HED …

Policies And Practices Of Shea Research Network Hospitals During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Michael S Calderwood, Valerie M Deloney, Deverick J Anderson, Vincent Chi-Chung Cheng, Shruti Gohil, Jennie H Kwon, Lona Mody, Elizabeth Monsees, Valerie M Vaughn, Timothy L Wiemken, Matthew J Ziegler, Eric Lofgren

Open Access Publications

To understand hospital policies and practices as the COVID-19 pandemic accelerated, the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) conducted a survey through the SHEA Research Network (SRN). The survey assessed policies and practices around the optimization of personal protection equipment (PPE), testing, healthcare personnel policies, visitors of COVID-19 patients in relation to procedures, and types of patients. Overall, 69 individual healthcare facilities responded in the United States and internationally, for a 73% response rate.

Incipient Alcohol Use In Childhood: Early Alcohol Sipping And Its Relations With Psychopathology And Personality, Ashley L Watts, Phillip K Wood, Kristina M Jackson, Krista M Lisdahl, Mary M Heitzeg, Raul Gonzalez, Susan F Tapert, Deanna M Barch, Kenneth J Sher

Open Access Publications

Prior research has shown that sipping of alcohol begins to emerge during childhood and is potentially etiologically significant for later substance use problems. Using a large, community sample of 9- and 10-year-olds (N = 11,872; 53% female), we examined individual differences in precocious alcohol use in the form of alcohol sipping. We focused explicitly on features that are robust and well-demonstrated correlates of, and antecedents to, alcohol excess and related problems later in the lifespan, including youth- and parent-reported externalizing traits (i.e., impulsivity, behavioral inhibition and activation) and psychopathology. Seventeen percent of the sample reported sipping alcohol outside of a …

Top Ten Tips Palliative Care Clinicians Should Know About Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Elyse A. Everett, Elizabeth Pedowitz, Samuel Maiser, Joss Cohen, Jessica Besbris, Ambereen K. Mehta, Luqi Chi, Christopher A. Jones

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Cellular Diversity Of The Regenerating Caudal Fin, Yiran Hou, Hyung Joo Lee, Yujie Chen, Jiaxin Ge, Fujr Osman Ibrahim Osman, Anthony R Mcadow, Mayssa H Mokalled, Stephen L Johnson, Guoyan Zhao, Ting Wang

Open Access Publications

Zebrafish faithfully regenerate their caudal fin after amputation. During this process, both differentiated cells and resident progenitors migrate to the wound site and undergo lineage-restricted, programmed cellular state transitions to populate the new regenerate. Until now, systematic characterizations of cells comprising the new regenerate and molecular definitions of their state transitions have been lacking. We hereby characterize the dynamics of gene regulatory programs during fin regeneration by creating single-cell transcriptome maps of both preinjury and regenerating fin tissues at 1/2/4 days post-amputation. We consistently identified epithelial, mesenchymal, and hematopoietic populations across all stages. We found common and cell type-specific cell …

Alcohol Drinking And Head And Neck Cancer Risk: The Joint Effect Of Intensity And Duration, Gioia Di Credico, Jose P Zevallos, Et Al

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: Alcohol is a well-established risk factor for head and neck cancer (HNC). This study aims to explore the effect of alcohol intensity and duration, as joint continuous exposures, on HNC risk.

METHODS: Data from 26 case-control studies in the INHANCE Consortium were used, including never and current drinkers who drunk ≤10 drinks/day for ≤54 years (24234 controls, 4085 oral cavity, 3359 oropharyngeal, 983 hypopharyngeal and 3340 laryngeal cancers). The dose-response relationship between the risk and the joint exposure to drinking intensity and duration was investigated through bivariate regression spline models, adjusting for potential confounders, including tobacco smoking.

RESULTS: For …

Promoting Undetectable Equals Untransmittable In Sub-Saharan Africa: Implication For Clinical Practice And Art Adherence, Nicholas Ekow Thomford, Doreen Mhandire, Collet Dandara, George B Kyei

Open Access Publications

In the last decade, reliable scientific evidence has emerged to support the concept that undetectable viral loads prevent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Undetectable equals untransmissible (U = U) is a simple message that everyone can understand. The success of this concept depends on strict adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and the attainment of suppressed viral loads (VLs). To achieve U = U in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), poor adherence to ART, persistent low-level viremia, and the emergence of drug-resistant mutants are challenges that cannot be overlooked. Short of a cure for HIV, U = U can substantially reduce the burden and …

A Retrospective Analysis Of The Efficacy Of Immunotherapy In Metastatic Soft-Tissue Sarcomas, Varun Monga, Hilary Dietz, Angela C Hirbe, Brian A Van Tine, Peter Oppelt, Et Al

Open Access Publications

Although checkpoint inhibitors have been approved in multiple cancers, they are still under investigation in soft tissue sarcoma (STS). We conducted a retrospective review to report the safety, efficacy, and prognostic factors related to checkpoint inhibitors in STS. A sequential cohort of metastatic STS patients from four institutions treated with checkpoint inhibitors was assembled. Logistic and Cox regression models were applied to determine the effect of patient characteristics, prior treatment, and baseline factors on achieving the best overall response of complete response (CR), partial response (PR), or stable disease (SD) as determined by the treating physician. Eighty-eight patients with two …

Alpha-Crystallin Mutations Alter Lens Metabolites In Mouse Models Of Human Cataracts, Cheryl Frankfater, Stephanie L. Bozeman, Fong-Fu Hsu, Usha P. Andley

Open Access Publications

Cataracts are a major cause of blindness worldwide and commonly occur in individuals over 70 years old. Cataracts can also appear earlier in life due to genetic mutations. The lens proteins, αA- and αB-crystallins, are chaperone proteins that have important roles maintaining protein solubility to prevent cataract formation. Mutations in the CRYAA and CRYAB crystallin genes are associated with autosomal dominant early onset human cataracts. Although studies about the proteomic and genomic changes that occur in cataracts have been reported, metabolomics studies are very limited. Here, we directly investigated cataract metabolism using gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to analyze the metabolites in …

Assessing The Relationship Between District And State Policies And School Nutrition Promotion-Related Practices In The United States, Gabriella M Mcloughlin, Lindsey Turner, Julien Leider, Elizabeth Piekarz-Porter, Jamie F Chriqui

Open Access Publications

School environments are an optimal setting to promote healthy student diets, yet it is unclear what role state and district policies play in shaping school contexts. This study examined how state and district policies are associated with school-reported practices for promoting student participation in school lunch programs. School nutrition manager data were obtained from the School Nutrition and Meal Cost Study's (SNMCS) sample of 1210 schools in 46 states and the District of Columbia (DC) during school year 2014-2015. Relevant state laws and district policies were compiled and coded. Multivariable logistic and Poisson regressions, controlling for school characteristics, examined the …

Time-Series Cardiovascular Risk Factors And Receipt Of Screening For Breast, Cervical, And Colon Cancer: The Guideline Advantage, Aixia Guo, Bettina F. Drake, Yosef M. Khan, James R. Langabeer Ii, Randi E. Foraker

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. Cancer screenings can detect precancerous cells and allow for earlier diagnosis and treatment. Our purpose was to better understand risk factors for cancer screenings and assess the effect of cancer screenings on changes of Cardiovascular health (CVH) measures before and after cancer screenings among patients.

METHODS: We used The Guideline Advantage (TGA)-American Heart Association ambulatory quality clinical data registry of electronic health record data (n = 362,533 patients) to investigate associations between time-series CVH measures and receipt of breast, cervical, and colon cancer screenings. Long short-term memory …

Hpv‑Em: An Accurate Hpv Detection And Genotyping Em Algorithm, Matthew J. Inkman, Kay Jayachandran, Thomas M. Ellis, Fiona Ruiz, Michael D. Mclellan, Christopher A. Miller, Yufeng Wu, Akinyemi I. Ojesina, Julie K. Schwarz, Jin Zhang

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Lego‑Compatible Modular Mapping Phantom For Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Hyo-Min Cho, Cheolpyo Hong, Changwoo Lee, Huanjun Ding, Taeho Kim, Bongyoung Ahn

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Experience-Dependent Resonance In Amygdalocortical Circuits Supports Fear Memory Retrieval Following Extinction, Minagi Ozawa, Patrick Davis, Jianguang Ni, Jamie Maquire, Thomas Papouin, Leon Reijmers

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Systems Level Profiling Of Arginine Starvation Reveals Myc And Erk Adaptive Metabolic Reprogramming, Caitlyn B. Brashears, Meltem Barlin, William R. Ehrhardt, Richa Rathore, Matthew Schultze, Shin-Chen Tzeng, Brian A. Van Tine, Jason M. Held

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Comprehensive Identification Of Mrna Isoforms Reveals The Diversity Of Neural Cell-Surface Molecules With Roles In Retinal Development And Disease, Thomas A. Ray, Martha A. Cady, William J. Spencer, Philip A. Ruzycki, Brian S. Clark, Et Al.

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Initial Development Of The Activity Card Sort-Advancing Inclusive Participation From A Homeless Population Perspective, Quinn P. Tyminski, Ronald R. Drummond, Claire F. Heisey, Shelby K. Evans, Audra Hendrix, Lisa A. Jaegers, Carolyn M. Baum

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Regulation Of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition And Organoid Morphogenesis By A Novel Tgfβ-Tcf7l2 Isoform-Specific Signaling Pathway, Kunal Karve, Stuart Netherton, Lili Deng, Azad Bonni, Shirin Bonni

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Knowledge Base And Perceptions Of Inpatient Providers And Parents About Influenza Vaccination In Hospitalized Children, Shakila Mathew, Mythili Srinivasan

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Race- And Gender-Based Differences In Descriptions Of Applicants In The Letters Of Recommendation For Orthopaedic Surgery Residency, Alexa Powers, Katherine M. Gerull, Rachel Rothman, Sandra A. Klein, Rick W. Wright, Christopher J. Dy

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

The Genetic Architecture Of Human Brainstem Structures And Their Involvement In Common Brain Disorders, Torbjørn Elvsåshagen, Deanna M. Barch, Et Al.

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Neighborhood Socioeconomic Deprivation Associated With Fat Mass And Weight Status In Youth, Morgan Clennin, Asia Brown, Min Lian, Marsha Dowda, Natalie Colabianchi, Russell R Pate

Open Access Publications

(1) Background: Few studies have examined the relationship between neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation (SED) and weight-related outcomes in youth, controlling for weight-related behaviors. Hence, the purpose of this study was to examine the association between neighborhood SED, weight status, and fat mass in a diverse sample of youth, before and after controlling for physical activity and diet. (2) Methods: The sample included 828 youth from the Transitions and Activity Changes in Kids study. Neighborhood SED was expressed as an index score at the census tract of residence. Height, weight, and body composition were measured and used to calculate fat mass index …

Bioinspired Thermosensitive Hydrogel As A Vitreous Substitute: Synthesis, Properties, And Progress Of Animal Studies, Amine Laradji, Ying-Bo Shui, Bedia Begum Karakocak, Lynn Evans, Paul Hamilton, Nathan Ravi

Open Access Publications

In many vitreal diseases, the surgeon removes the natural vitreous and replaces it with silicone oils, gases, or balanced salt solutions to fill the eyeball and hold the retina in position. However, these materials are often associated with complications and have properties that differ from natural vitreous. Herein, we report an extension of our previous work on the synthesis of a biomimetic hydrogel that is composed of thiolated gellan as an analogue of type II collagen and poly(methacrylamide-co-methacrylate-co-bis(methacryloyl)cystamine), a polyelectrolyte, as an analogue of hyaluronic acid. This thermosensitive hydrogel can be injected into the eye as a viscous solution at …