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Lessons Learned In Promoting Evidence-Based Public Health: Perspectives From Managers In State Public Health Departments, Peg Allen, Rebekah R Jacob, Meenakshi Lakshman, Leslie A Best, Kathryn Bass, Ross C Brownson

Open Access Publications

Evidence-based public health (EBPH) practice, also called evidence-informed public health, can improve population health and reduce disease burden in populations. Organizational structures and processes can facilitate capacity-building for EBPH in public health agencies. This study involved 51 structured interviews with leaders and program managers in 12 state health department chronic disease prevention units to identify factors that facilitate the implementation of EBPH. Verbatim transcripts of the de-identified interviews were consensus coded in NVIVO qualitative software. Content analyses of coded texts were used to identify themes and illustrative quotes. Facilitator themes included leadership support within the chronic disease prevention unit and …

Timing And Mechanism Of Conceptus Demise In A Complement Regulatory Membrane Protein Deficient Mouse, Michael P Triebwasser, Xiaobo Wu, Paula Bertram, Dennis E Hourcade, Donald Michael Nelson, John P Atkinson

Open Access Publications

PROBLEM: Crry is a widely expressed type 1 transmembrane complement regulatory protein in rodents which protects self-tissue by downregulating C3 activation. Crry

METHOD OF STUDY: We investigated the basis of Crry

RESULTS: We narrowed the critical period of the complement effect from 6.5 to 8.5 days post-coitus (dpc), which is immediately after the conceptus is exposed to maternal blood. Deposition by 5.5 dpc of maternal C3b on the placental vasculature lacking Crry

CONCLUSION: Our data are most consistent with the deposition of C3b being responsible for the failure of the allantois to fuse to the chorion leading to subsequent conceptus …

Haptoglobin Improves Shock, Lung Injury, And Survival In Canine Pneumonia, Kenneth E. Remy, Irene Cortés-Puch, Steven B. Solomon, Junfeng Sun, Benjamin M. Pockros, Jing Feng, Juan J. Lertora, Roy R. Hantgan, Xiaohua Liu, Andreas Perlegas, H. Shaw Warren, Mark T. Gladwin, Daniel B. Kim-Shapiro, Harvey G. Klein, Charles Natanson

Open Access Publications

During the last half-century, numerous antiinflammatory agents were tested in dozens of clinical trials and have proven ineffective for treating septic shock. The observation in multiple studies that cell-free hemoglobin (CFH) levels are elevated during clinical sepsis and that the degree of increase correlates with higher mortality suggests an alternative approach. Human haptoglobin binds CFH with high affinity and, therefore, can potentially reduce iron availability and oxidative activity. CFH levels are elevated over approximately 24-48 hours in our antibiotic-treated canine model of S. aureus pneumonia that simulates the cardiovascular abnormalities of human septic shock. In this 96-hour model, resuscitative treatments, …

Cpx-351 (Cytarabine And Daunorubicin) Liposome For Injection Versus Conventional Cytarabine Plus Daunorubicin In Older Patients With Newly Diagnosed Secondary Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Jeffrey E Lancet, Geoffrey L Uy, Et Al

Open Access Publications

Purpose CPX-351 is a dual-drug liposomal encapsulation of cytarabine and daunorubicin that delivers a synergistic 5:1 drug ratio into leukemia cells to a greater extent than normal bone marrow cells. Prior clinical studies demonstrated a sustained drug ratio and exposure in vivo and prolonged survival versus standard-of-care cytarabine plus daunorubicin chemotherapy (7+3 regimen) in older patients with newly diagnosed secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML). Patients and Methods In this open-label, randomized, phase III trial, 309 patients age 60 to 75 years with newly diagnosed high-risk/sAML received one to two induction cycles of CPX-351 or 7+3 followed by consolidation therapy with …

Impaired Monocyte Cholesterol Clearance Initiates Age-Related Retinal Degeneration And Vision Loss, Norimitsu Ban, Tae Jun Lee, Abdoulaye Sene, Mayur Choudhary, Michael Lekwuwa, Zhenyu Dong, Andrea Santeford, Jonathan B. Lin, Goldis Malek, Daniel S. Ory, Rajendra S. Apte

Open Access Publications

Advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of blindness among people over 50 years of age, is characterized by atrophic neurodegeneration or pathologic angiogenesis. Early AMD is characterized by extracellular cholesterol-rich deposits underneath the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) called drusen or in the subretinal space called subretinal drusenoid deposits (SDD) that drive disease progression. However, mechanisms of drusen and SDD biogenesis remain poorly understood. Although human AMD is characterized by abnormalities in cholesterol homeostasis and shares phenotypic features with atherosclerosis, it is unclear whether systemic immunity or local tissue metabolism regulates this homeostasis. Here, we demonstrate that targeted deletion …

Emerging Evidence For Cannabis' Role In Opioid Use Disorder, Beth Wiese, Adrianne R Wilson-Poe

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Curriculum For Neurogastroenterology And Motility Training: A Report From The Joint Anms-Esnm Task Force, C P Gyawali, Et Al

Open Access Publications

Although neurogastroenterology and motility (NGM) disorders are some of the most frequent disorders encountered by practicing gastroenterologists, a structured competency-based training curriculum developed by NGM experts is lacking. The American Neurogastroenterology and Motility Society (ANMS) and the European Society of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (ESNM) jointly evaluated the components of NGM training in North America and Europe. Eleven training domains were identified within NGM, consisting of functional gastrointestinal disorders, visceral hypersensitivity and pain pathways, motor disorders within anatomic areas (esophagus, stomach, small bowel and colon, anorectum), mucosal disorders (gastro-esophageal reflux disease, other mucosal disorders), consequences of systemic disease, consequences of therapy …

Letting Go: Conceptualizing Intervention De-Implementation In Public Health And Social Service Settings, Virginia R Mckay, Alexandra B Morshed, Ross C Brownson, Enola K Proctor, Beth Prusaczyk

Open Access Publications

The discontinuation of interventions that should be stopped, or de-implementation, has emerged as a novel line of inquiry within dissemination and implementation science. As this area grows in human services research, like public health and social work, theory is needed to help guide scientific endeavors. Given the infancy of de-implementation, this conceptual narrative provides a definition and criteria for determining if an intervention should be de-implemented. We identify three criteria for identifying interventions appropriate for de-implementation: (a) interventions that are not effective or harmful, (b) interventions that are not the most effective or efficient to provide, and (c) interventions that …

Bezlotoxumab For Prevention Of Recurrent Clostridium Difficile Infection In Patients At Increased Risk For Recurrence, Dale N. Gerding, Ciaran P. Kelly, Galia Rahav, Christine Lee, Erik R. Dubberke, Princy N. Kumar, Bruce Yacyshyn, Dina Kao, Karen Eves, Misoo C. Ellison, Mary E. Hanson, Dalya Guris, Mary Beth Dorr

Open Access Publications

Background: Bezlotoxumab is a human monoclonal antibody against Clostridium difficile toxin B indicated to prevent C. difficile infection (CDI) recurrence (rCDI) in adults at high risk for rCDI. This post hoc analysis of pooled monocolonal antibodies for C.difficile therapy (MODIFY) I/II data assessed bezlotoxumab efficacy in participants with characteristics associated with increased risk for rCDI.

Methods: The analysis population was the modified intent-to-treat population who received bezlotoxumab or placebo (n = 1554) by risk factors for rCDI that were prespecified in the statistical analysis plan: age ≥65 years, history of CDI, compromised immunity, severe CDI, and ribotype 027/078/244. The proportion …

Leakage Of An Invagination Pancreaticojejunostomy May Have An Influence On Mortality, Harish Lavu, Neal Mccall, Scott W Keith, Elizabeth M Kilbane, Abhishek D Parmar, Bruce L Hall, Henry A Pitt

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

International Volunteerism And Urethral Stricture Disease: A Review, Jason K. Frankel, Gregory P. Murphy

Open Access Publications

Global health is an ever-expanding area of interest for many healthcare workers around the world. In recent years, it has become apparent that much of the global disease burden is surgical. Urologic disease is no exception-many international organizations send volunteers around the world to support Urologic services in countries that lack capacity and resources. Urethral stricture represents a unique opportunity for specialized surgical management that vastly improves long term morbidity. Here we review the prevalence, etiology, and management of urethral stricture from a global perspective while highlighting impact of international urologic volunteer efforts.

Site-1 Protease Deficiency Causes Human Skeletal Dysplasia Due To Defective Inter-Organelle Protein Trafficking, Yuji Kondo, Debabrata Patra, Et Al

Open Access Publications

Site-1 protease (S1P), encoded by MBTPS1, is a serine protease in the Golgi. S1P regulates lipogenesis, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) function, and lysosome biogenesis in mice and in cultured cells. However, how S1P differentially regulates these diverse functions in humans has been unclear. In addition, no human disease with S1P deficiency has been identified. Here, we report a pediatric patient with an amorphic and a severely hypomorphic mutation in MBTPS1. The unique combination of these mutations results in a frequency of functional MBTPS1 transcripts of approximately 1%, a finding that is associated with skeletal dysplasia and elevated blood lysosomal enzymes. We …

Human Fibroblast And Stem Cell Resource From The Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network, Celeste M Karch, Damián Hernández, Jen-Chyong Wang, Jacob Marsh, Alex W Hewitt, Simon Hsu, Joanne Norton, Denise Levitch, Tamara Donahue, Wendy Sigurdson, Bernardino Ghetti, Martin Farlow, Jasmeer Chhatwal, Sarah Berman, Carlos Cruchaga, John C Morris, Randall J Bateman, Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network (Dian), Alice Pébay, Alison M Goate

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: Mutations in amyloid precursor protein (APP), presenilin 1 (PSEN1) and presenilin 2 (PSEN2) cause autosomal dominant forms of Alzheimer disease (ADAD). More than 280 pathogenic mutations have been reported in APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2. However, understanding of the basic biological mechanisms that drive the disease are limited. The Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network (DIAN) is an international observational study of APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2 mutation carriers with the goal of determining the sequence of changes in presymptomatic mutation carriers who are destined to develop Alzheimer disease.

RESULTS: We generated a library of 98 dermal fibroblast lines from 42 ADAD families …

Plasticity Of Differentiated Cells In Wound Repair And Tumorigenesis, Part I: Stomach And Pancreas, Joseph Burclaff, Jason C Mills

Open Access Publications

For the last century or so, the mature, differentiated cells throughout the body have been regarded as largely inert with respect to their regenerative potential, yet recent research shows that they can become progenitor-like and re-enter the cell cycle. Indeed, we recently proposed that mature cells can become regenerative via a conserved set of molecular mechanisms ('paligenosis'), suggesting that a program for regeneration exists alongside programs for death (apoptosis) and division (mitosis). In two Reviews describing how emerging concepts of cellular plasticity are changing how the field views regeneration and tumorigenesis, we present the commonalities in the molecular and cellular …

Discovery And Validation Of Autosomal Dominant Alzheimer's Disease Mutations, Simon Hsu, Brian A Gordon, Russ Hornbeck, Joanne B Norton, Denise Levitch, Adia Louden, Ellen Ziegemeier, Robert Laforce, Jasmeer Chhatwal, Gregory S Day, Eric Mcdade, John C Morris, Anne M Fagan, Tammie L S Benzinger, Alison M Goate, Carlos Cruchaga, Randall J Bateman, Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network (Dian), Celeste M Karch

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that is clinically characterized by progressive cognitive decline. Mutations in amyloid-β precursor protein (APP), presenilin 1 (PSEN1), and presenilin 2 (PSEN2) are the pathogenic cause of autosomal dominant AD (ADAD). However, polymorphisms also exist within these genes.

METHODS: In order to distinguish polymorphisms from pathogenic mutations, the DIAN Expanded Registry has implemented an algorithm for determining ADAD pathogenicity using available information from multiple domains, including genetic, bioinformatic, clinical, imaging, and biofluid measures and in vitro analyses.

RESULTS: We propose that PSEN1 M84V, PSEN1 A396T, PSEN2 R284G, and APP T719N are likely pathogenic …

Dysregulation Of Nad+ Metabolism Induces A Schwann Cell Dedifferentiation Program, Yo Sasaki, Amber R. Hackett, Sungsu Kim, Amy Strickland, Jeffrey Milbrandt

Open Access Publications

The Schwann cell (SC) is the major component of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) that provides metabolic and functional support for peripheral axons. The emerging roles of SC mitochondrial function for PNS development and axonal stability indicate the importance of SC metabolism in nerve function and in peripheral neuropathies associated with metabolic disorders. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD

Hepatic Tristetraprolin Promotes Insulin Resistance Through Rna Destabilization Of Fgf21, Konrad T. Sawicki, Hsiang-Chun Chang, Jason S. Shapiro, Marina Bayeva, Adam De Jesus, Brian N. Finck, Jason A. Wertheim, Perry J. Blackshear, Hossein Ardehali

Open Access Publications

The role of posttranscriptional metabolic gene regulatory programs in diabetes is not well understood. Here, we show that the RNA-binding protein tristetraprolin (TTP) is reduced in the livers of diabetic mice and humans and is transcriptionally induced in response to insulin treatment in murine livers in vitro and in vivo. Liver-specific Ttp-KO (lsTtp-KO) mice challenged with high-fat diet (HFD) have improved glucose tolerance and peripheral insulin sensitivity compared with littermate controls. Analysis of secreted hepatic factors demonstrated that fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is posttranscriptionally repressed by TTP. Consistent with increased FGF21, lsTtp-KO mice fed HFD have increased brown fat …

Association Of Inferior Vena Cava Filter Placement For Venous Thromboembolic Disease And A Contraindication To Anticoagulation With 30-Day Mortality, Tyson E. Turner, Mohammed J. Saeed, Eric Novak, David L. Brown

Open Access Publications

Importance: Despite the absence of data from randomized clinical trials, professional societies recommend inferior vena cava (IVC) filters for patients with venous thromboembolic disease (VTE) and a contraindication to anticoagulation therapy. Prior observational studies of IVC filters have suggested a mortality benefit associated with IVC filter insertion but have often failed to adjust for immortal time bias, which is the time before IVC filter insertion, during which death can only occur in the control group.

Objective: To determine the association of IVC filter placement with 30-day mortality after adjustment for immortal time bias.

Design, Setting, and Participants: This comparative effectiveness, …

Epigenomics And Metabolomics Reveal The Mechanism Of The Apoa2-Saturated Fat Intake Interaction Affecting Obesity, Chao-Qiang Lai, Caren E Smith, Laurence D Parnell, Yu-Chi Lee, Dolores Corella, Paul Hopkins, Bertha A Hidalgo, Stella Aslibekyan, Michael A Province, Devin Absher, Donna K Arnett, Katherine L Tucker, Jose M Ordovas

Open Access Publications

Background: The putative functional variant -265T>C (rs5082) within the APOA2 promoter has shown consistent interactions with saturated fatty acid (SFA) intake to influence the risk of obesity.

Objective: The aim of this study was to implement an integrative approach to characterize the molecular basis of this interaction.

Design: We conducted an epigenome-wide scan on 80 participants carrying either the rs5082 CC or TT genotypes and consuming either a low-SFA (<22 g/d) or high-SFA diet (≥22 g/d), matched for age, sex, BMI, and diabetes status in the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study (BPRHS). We then validated the findings in selected participants in the Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network (GOLDN) Study (n = 379) and the Framingham Heart Study (FHS) (n = 243). Transcription and metabolomics analyses were conducted to determine the relation between epigenetic status, APOA2 mRNA expression, and blood metabolites.

Results: In the BPRHS, we identified methylation site cg04436964 as exhibiting significant differences between CC and TT participants consuming a high-SFA diet, but not among those consuming low-SFA. Similar …

Maternal Diet And Morbidity Factors Associated With Low Birth Weight In Haiti: A Case-Control Study, Abdirahim Rashid, Thomas Park, Kenneth Macneal, Lora Iannotti, Will Ross

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Identification Of A Rhythmic Firing Pattern In The Enteric Nervous System That Generates Rhythmic Electrical Activity In Smooth Muscle, Nick J. Spencer, Timothy J. Hibberd, Lee Travis, Lukasz Wiklendt, Marcello Costa, Hongzhen Hu, Simon J. Brookes, David A. Wattchow, Phil G. Dinning, Damien J. Keating, Julian Sorensen

Open Access Publications

The enteric nervous system (ENS) contains millions of neurons essential for organization of motor behavior of the intestine. It is well established that the large intestine requires ENS activity to drive propulsive motor behaviors. However, the firing pattern of the ENS underlying propagating neurogenic contractions of the large intestine remains unknown. To identify this, we used high-resolution neuronal imaging with electrophysiology from neighboring smooth muscle. Myoelectric activity underlying propagating neurogenic contractions along murine large intestine [also referred to as colonic migrating motor complexes, (CMMCs)] consisted of prolonged bursts of rhythmic depolarizations at a frequency of ∼2 Hz. Temporal coordination of …

Modulation Of Subsets Of Cardiac B Lymphocytes Improves Cardiac Function After Acute Injury, Luigi Adamo, Lora J Staloch, Cibele Rocha-Resende, Scot J Matkovich, Wenlong Jiang, Geetika Bajpai, Carla J Weinheimer, Attila Kovacs, Joel D Schilling, Philip M Barger, Deepta Bhattacharya, Douglas L Mann

Open Access Publications

Despite the long-standing recognition that the immune response to acute myocardial injury contributes to adverse left ventricular (LV) remodeling, it has not been possible to effectively target this clinically. Using 2 different in vivo models of acute myocardial injury, we show that pirfenidone confers beneficial effects in the murine heart through an unexpected mechanism that depends on cardiac B lymphocytes. Naive hearts contained a large population of CD19+CD11b-CD23-CD21-IgD+IgMlo lymphocytes, and 2 smaller populations of CD19+CD11b+ B1a and B1b cells. In response to tissue injury, there was an increase in neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, as well as an increase in CD19+ CD11b- …

Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy For Prostate Cancer, Ben W Fischer-Valuck, Yuan James Rao, Jeff M Michalski

Open Access Publications

Radiation therapy (RT) is a curative treatment modality for localized prostate cancer. Over the past two decades, advances in technology and imaging have considerably changed RT in prostate cancer treatment. Treatment has evolved from 2-dimensional (2D) planning using X-ray fields based on pelvic bony landmarks to 3-dimensional (3D) conformal RT (CRT) which uses computed tomography (CT) based planning. Despite improvements with 3D-CRT, dose distributions often remained suboptimal with portions of the rectum and bladder receiving unacceptably high doses. In more recent years, intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) has become the standard of care to deliver external beam RT. IMRT uses multiple …

Health Status Disparities By Sex, Race/Ethnicity, And Socioeconomic Status In Outpatients With Heart Failure., Yevgeniy Khariton, Michael E Nassif, Laine Thomas, Gregg C Fonarow, Xiaojuan Mi, Adam D Devore, Carol Duffy, Puza P Sharma, Nancy M Albert, J Herbert Patterson, Javed Butler, Adrian F Hernandez, Fredonia B Williams, Kevin Mccague, John A Spertus

Open Access Publications

OBJECTIVES: This study sought to describe the health status of outpatients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) by sex, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status (SES).

BACKGROUND: Although a primary goal in treating patients with HFrEF is to optimize health status, whether disparities by sex, race/ethnicity, and SES exist is unknown.

METHODS: In the CHAMP-HF (Change the Management of Patients with Heart Failure) registry, the associations among sex, race, and SES and health status, as measured by the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire-overall summary (KCCQ-os) score (range 0 to 100; higher scores indicate better health status) was compared among 3,494 patients …

Decreasing Recurrent Bowel Obstructions, Improving Quality Of Life With Physiotherapy: Controlled Study, Amanda D Rice, Kimberley Patterson, Evette D Reed, Belinda F Wurn, Kristen Robles, Bernhard Klingenberg, Leonard B Weinstock, Janey S. A. Pratt, C. Richard King Iii, Lawrence J Wurn

Open Access Publications

AIM: To compare (1) quality of life and (2) rate of recurrent small bowel obstructions (SBO) for patients treated with novel manual physiotherapy

METHODS: One hundred and three subjects (age 19-89) with a history of recurrent adhesive SBO were treated with a manual physiotherapy called the Clear Passage Approach (CPA) which focused on decreasing adhesive crosslinking in abdominopelvic viscera. Pre- and post-therapy data measured recurring obstructions and quality of life, using a validated test sent 90 d after therapy. Results were compared to 136 untreated control subjects who underwent the same measurements for subjects who did not receive any therapy, …

Myeloid Conditioning With C-Kit-Targeted Car-T Cells Enables Donor Stem Cell Engraftment, Yasuyuki Arai, Uimook Choi, Cristina I Corsino, Sherry M Koontz, Masaki Tajima, Colin L Sweeney, Mary A Black, Steven A Feldman, Mary C Dinauer, Harry L Malech

Open Access Publications

We report a novel approach to bone marrow (BM) conditioning using c-kit-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T (c-kit CAR-T) cells in mice. Previous reports using anti-c-kit or anti-CD45 antibody linked to a toxin such as saporin have been promising. We developed a distinctly different approach using c-kit CAR-T cells. Initial studies demonstrated in vitro killing of hematopoietic stem cells by c-kit CAR-T cells but poor expansion in vivo and poor migration of CAR-T cells into BM. Pre-treatment of recipient mice with low-dose cyclophosphamide (125 mg/kg) together with CXCR4 transduction in the CAR-T cells enhanced trafficking to and expansion in BM (<1%-13.1%). This resulted in significant depletion of the BM c-kit

Aberrant Atrx Protein Expression Is Associated With Poor Overall Survival In Nf1-Mpnst, Hsiang-Chih Lu, Vanessa Eulo, Anthony J. Apicelli, Melike Pekmezci, Yu Tao, Jingqin Luo, Angela C. Hirbe, Sonika Dahiya

Open Access Publications

Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors (MPNSTs) are aggressive soft tissue sarcomas that can occur sporadically or in the setting of the Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) cancer predisposition syndrome. These tumors carry a dismal overall survival. Previous work in our lab had identified ATRX chromatin remodeler (

Validation Of A Novel Scoring System For Changes In Skeletal Manifestations Of Hypophosphatasia In Newborns, Infants, And Children: The Radiographic Global Impression Of Change Scale, Michael P Whyte, Kenji P Fujita, Scott Moseley, David D Thompson, William H Mcalister

Open Access Publications

Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is the heritable metabolic disease characterized by impaired skeletal mineralization due to low activity of the tissue-nonspecific isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase. Although HPP during growth often manifests with distinctive radiographic skeletal features, no validated method was available to quantify them, including changes over time. We created the Radiographic Global Impression of Change (RGI-C) scale to assess changes in the skeletal burden of pediatric HPP. Site-specific pairs of radiographs of newborns, infants, and children with HPP from three clinical studies of asfotase alfa, an enzyme replacement therapy for HPP, were obtained at baseline and during treatment. Each pair was …

Sall1 Functions As A Tumor Suppressor In Breast Cancer By Regulating Cancer Cell Senescence And Metastasis Through The Nurd Complex, Chunling Ma, Fang Wang, Bing Han, Xiaoli Zhong, Fusheng Si, Jian Ye, Eddy C Hsueh, Lynn Robbins, Susan M Kiefer, Yanping Zhang, Pamela Hunborg, Mark A Varvares, Michael Rauchman, Guangyong Peng

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: SALL1 is a multi-zinc finger transcription factor that regulates organogenesis and stem cell development, but the role of SALL1 in tumor biology and tumorigenesis remains largely unknown.

METHODS: We analyzed SALL1 expression levels in human and murine breast cancer cells as well as cancer tissues from different types of breast cancer patients. Using both in vitro co-culture system and in vivo breast tumor models, we investigated how SALL1 expression in breast cancer cells affects tumor cell growth and proliferation, metastasis, and cell fate. Using the gain-of function and loss-of-function strategies, we dissected the molecular mechanism responsible for SALL1 tumor …

Building Capacity For Evidence-Based Public Health: Reconciling The Pulls Of Practice And The Push Of Research, Ross C Brownson, Jonathan E Fielding, Lawrence W Green

Open Access Publications

Timely implementation of principles of evidence-based public health (EBPH) is critical for bridging the gap between discovery of new knowledge and its application. Public health organizations need sufficient capacity (the availability of resources, structures, and workforce to plan, deliver, and evaluate the preventive dose of an evidence-based intervention) to move science to practice. We review principles of EBPH, the importance of capacity building to advance evidence-based approaches, promising approaches for capacity building, and future areas for research and practice. Although there is general agreement among practitioners and scientists on the importance of EBPH, there is less clarity on the definition …