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Ultrasound Segmentation-Guided Edge Artifact Reduction In Diffuse Optical Tomography Using Connected Component Analysis, Shuying Li, Menghao Zhang, Quing Zhu

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Mr Elastography Demonstrates Reduced White Matter Shear Stiffness In Early-Onset Hydrocephalus, M E Wagshul, J P Mcallister, D D Limbrick Jr, S Yang, W Mowrey, J T Goodrich, A Meiri, D M Morales, A Kobets, R Abbott

Open Access Publications

INTRODUCTION: Hydrocephalus that develops early in life is often accompanied by developmental delays, headaches and other neurological deficits, which may be associated with changes in brain shear stiffness. However, noninvasive approaches to measuring stiffness are limited. Magnetic Resonance Elastography (MRE) of the brain is a relatively new noninvasive imaging method that provides quantitative measures of brain tissue stiffness. Herein, we aimed to use MRE to assess brain stiffness in hydrocephalus patients compared to healthy controls, and to assess its associations with ventricular size, as well as demographic, shunt-related and clinical outcome measures.

METHODS: MRE was collected at two imaging sites …

Analysis Of Ureteral Diameter And Peristalsis In Response To Irrigant Fluid Temperature Changes In An In Vivo Porcine Model, Roshan M. Patel, Pengbo Jiang, Rajiv Karani, Tarik Phillips, Raphael B. Arada, Lillian Xie, Hyder Said, Shlomi Tapiero, Jaime Landman, Ted Farzaneh, Ramakrishna Venkatesh, Ralph V. Clayman

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Formation Of Osteochondral Organoids From Murine Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells, Shannon K. O'Connor, Dakota B. Katz, Sara J. Oswald, Logan Groneck, Farshid Guilak

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Interleukin 33 Triggers Early Eosinophil-Dependent Events Leading To Metaplasia In A Chronic Model Of Gastritis-Prone Mice, Carlo De Salvo, Jason C. Mills, Et Al

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Eaat5 Glutamate Transporter-Mediated Inhibition In The Vertebrate Retina, Peter D Lukasiewcz, Gregory W Bligard, James D Debrecht

Open Access Publications

Glutamate transporters typically remove glutamate from the synaptic cleft. In addition, all glutamate transporters have a chloride channel, which is opened upon glutamate binding to the transporter. There are five types of glutamate transporter (EAATs 1-5, excitatory amino acid transporters), which have distinct chloride conductances. Some EAATs that have low chloride conductances, remove glutamate from the synaptic cleft most effectively (e.g., EAAT1). By contrast, EAATs that have high chloride conductances, remove glutamate less effectively (e.g., EAAT5). We have studied EAAT5 in the retina. In the retina, light activates a chloride current, mediated by the glutamate activation of EAAT5. EAAT5 is …

A Rapid Motor Task-Based Screening Tool For Parkinsonism In Community-Based Studies, Wendy W Dlamini, Searles Nielsen, Mwiza Ushe, Gill Nelson, Brad A Racette

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Identify. Quantify. Predict. Why Immunologists Should Widely Use Molecular Imaging For Coronavirus Disease 2019, Freimut D Juengling, Antonio Maldonado, Frank Wuest, Thomas H Schindler

Open Access Publications

Molecular imaging using PET/CT or PET/MRI has evolved from an experimental imaging modality at its inception in 1972 to an integral component of diagnostic procedures in oncology, and, to lesser extent, in cardiology and neurology, by successfully offering

Loss Of Snora73 Reprograms Cellular Metabolism And Protects Against Steatohepatitis, Arthur C. Sletten, Jessica W. Davidson, Busra Yagabasan, Samantha Moores, Michaela Schwaiger-Haber, Hideji Fujiwara, Sarah Gale, Xuntian Jiang, Rohini Sidhu, Susan Gelman, Shuang Zhao, Gary Patti, Daniel S. Ory, Jean E. Schaffer

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Change In Body Weight On Clinical Outcomes In Critically Ill Patients, Rajesh K. Mishra, Aparna Pande, Rashmi Ramachandran, Anjan Trikha, Preet M. Singh, Vimi Rewari

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Brown Adipose Tissue Monocytes Support Tissue Expansion, Alexandre Gallerand, Hannah P. Luehmann, Deborah H. Sultan, Yongjian Liu, Et Al

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

A Machine Learning Approach For The Factorization Of Psychometric Data With Application To The Delis Kaplan Executive Function System, J.A. Camilleri, S.B. Eickhoff, S. Weis, J. Chen, J. Amunts, A. Sotiras, S. Genon

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Statistical Guidelines For Handling Missing Data In Traumatic Brain Injury Clinical Research, Jessica L. Nielson, Shelly R. Cooper, Seth A. Seabury, Davide Luciani, Anthony Fabio, Nancy R. Temkin, Adam R. Ferguson, Track-Tbi Investigators

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Treated By Posterior Spinal Segmental Instrumented Fusion : When Is Fusion To L3 Stable?, Seung-Jae Hyun, Lawrence G. Lenke, Yongjung Kim, Keith H. Bridwell, Meghan Cerpa, Kathy M. Blanke

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Machine Learning Model With Physical Constraints For Diffuse Optical Tomography, Yun Zou, Yifeng Zeng, Shuying Li, Quing Zhu

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

A Genome-Engineered Bioartificial Implant For Autoregulated Anticytokine Drug Delivery, Yun-Rak Choi, Kelsey H Collins, Luke E Springer, Lara Pferdehirt, Alison K Ross, Chia-Lung Wu, Franklin T Moutos, Natalia S Harasymowicz, Jonathan M Brunger, Christine T N Pham, Farshid Guilak

Open Access Publications

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Genetic And Biochemical Characterization Of The Na+/H+ Antiporters Of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Sara Foreman, Kristina Ferrara, Teri N Hreha, Ana E Duran-Pinedo, Jorge Frias-Lopez, Blanca Barquera

Open Access Publications

Pseudomonas aeruginosa has four Na

Reweighting Of Molecular Simulations With Explicit-Solvent Saxs Restraints Elucidates Ion-Dependent Rna Ensembles, Mattia Bernetti, Kathleen B. Hall, Giovanni Bussi

Open Access Publications

Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) experiments are increasingly used to probe RNA structure. A number of forward models that relate measured SAXS intensities and structural features, and that are suitable to model either explicit-solvent effects or solute dynamics, have been proposed in the past years. Here, we introduce an approach that integrates atomistic molecular dynamics simulations and SAXS experiments to reconstruct RNA structural ensembles while simultaneously accounting for both RNA conformational dynamics and explicit-solvent effects. Our protocol exploits SAXS pure-solute forward models and enhanced sampling methods to sample an heterogenous ensemble of structures, with no information towards the experiments provided on-the-fly. …

A Troponin T Variant Linked With Pediatric Dilated Cardiomyopathy Reduces The Coupling Of Thin Filament Activation To Myosin And Calcium Binding, Samantha K. Barrick, Lina Greenberg, Michael J. Greenberg

Open Access Publications

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a significant cause of pediatric heart failure. Mutations in proteins that regulate cardiac muscle contraction can cause DCM; however, the mechanisms by which molecular-level mutations contribute to cellular dysfunction are not well understood. Better understanding of these mechanisms might enable the development of targeted therapeutics that benefit patient subpopulations with mutations that cause common biophysical defects. We examined the molecular- and cellular-level impacts of a troponin T variant associated with pediatric-onset DCM, R134G. The R134G variant decreased calcium sensitivity in an in vitro motility assay. Using stopped-flow and steady-state fluorescence measurements, we determined the molecular mechanism …

Hif1Α Is Required For Nk Cell Metabolic Adaptation During Virus Infection, Francisco Victorino, Tarin M. Bigley, Eugene Park, Cong-Hui Yao, Jeanne Benoit, Li-Ping Yang, Sytse J. Piersma, Elvin J. Lauron, Rebecca M. Davidson, Gary J. Patti, Wayne M. Yokoyama

Open Access Publications

Natural killer (NK) cells are essential for early protection against virus infection and must metabolically adapt to the energy demands of activation. Here, we found upregulation of the metabolic adaptor hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1α) is a feature of mouse NK cells during murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infection in vivo. HIF1α-deficient NK cells failed to control viral load, causing increased morbidity. No defects were found in effector functions of HIF1αKO NK cells; however, their numbers were significantly reduced. Loss of HIF1α did not affect NK cell proliferation during in vivo infection and in vitro cytokine stimulation. Instead, we found that HIF1α-deficient NK cells …

Dynamically Linking Influenza Virus Infection Kinetics, Lung Injury, Inflammation, And Disease Severity, Margaret A. Myers, Amanda P. Smith, Lindey C. Lane, David J. Moquin, Rosemary Aogo, Stacie Woolard, Paul Thomas, Peter Vogel, Amber M. Smith

Open Access Publications

Influenza viruses cause a significant amount of morbidity and mortality. Understanding host immune control efficacy and how different factors influence lung injury and disease severity are critical. We established and validated dynamical connections between viral loads, infected cells, CD8

Multicenter Analysis Of Geriatric Fitness And Real-World Outcomes In Older Patients With Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma, Victor M. Orellana-Noia, Mary-Kate Malecek, Nancy L. Bartlett, Et Al

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Contemporary Clinical Isolates Of Staphylococcus Aureus From Pediatric Osteomyelitis Patients Display Unique Characteristics In A Mouse Model Of Hematogenous Osteomyelitis, Philip M. Roper, Kara R. Eichelberger, Linda Cox, Luke O'Connor, Christine Shao, Caleb A. Ford, Stephanie A. Fritz, James E. Cassat, Deborah J. Veis

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Decoding Neural Activity In Sulcal And White Matter Areas Of The Brain To Accurately Predict Individual Finger Movement And Tactile Stimuli Of The Human Hand, Chad Bouton, Nikunj Bhagat, Santosh Chandrasekaran, Jose Herrero, Noah Markowitz, Elizabeth Espinal, Joo-Won Kim, Richard Ramdeo, Junqian Xu, Matthew F Glasser, Stephan Bickel, Ashesh Mehta

Open Access Publications

Millions of people worldwide suffer motor or sensory impairment due to stroke, spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, traumatic brain injury, diabetes, and motor neuron diseases such as ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis). A brain-computer interface (BCI), which links the brain directly to a computer, offers a new way to study the brain and potentially restore impairments in patients living with these debilitating conditions. One of the challenges currently facing BCI technology, however, is to minimize surgical risk while maintaining efficacy. Minimally invasive techniques, such as stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) have become more widely used in clinical applications in epilepsy patients since they can …

Using Optical Coherence Tomography And Intravascular Ultrasound Imaging To Quantify Coronary Plaque Cap Stress/Strain And Progression: A Follow-Up Study Using 3d Thin-Layer Models, Rui Lv, Akiko Maehara, Mitsuaki Matsumura, Liang Wang, Caining Zhang, Mengde Huang, Xiaoya Guo, Habib Samady, Don P Giddens, Jie Zheng, Gary S Mintz, Dalin Tang

Open Access Publications

Accurate plaque cap thickness quantification and cap stress/strain calculations are of fundamental importance for vulnerable plaque research. To overcome uncertainties due to intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) resolution limitation, IVUS and optical coherence tomography (OCT) coronary plaque image data were combined together to obtain accurate and reliable cap thickness data, stress/strain calculations, and reliable plaque progression predictions. IVUS, OCT, and angiography baseline and follow-up data were collected from nine patients (mean age: 69; m: 5) at Cardiovascular Research Foundation with informed consent obtained. IVUS and OCT slices were coregistered and merged to form IVUS + OCT (IO) slices. A total of 114 …

Genomic Characterization And Therapeutic Targeting Of Hpv Undetected Cervical Carcinomas, Fiona J Ruiz, Aishwarya Sundaresan, Jin Zhang, Chandra S Pedamallu, Mari K Halle, Vinodh Srinivasasainagendra, Jianqing Zhang, Naoshad Muhammad, Jennifer Stanley, Stephanie Markovina, Hemant K Tiwari, Perry W Grigsby, Camilla Krakstad, Julie K Schwarz, Akinyemi I Ojesina

Open Access Publications

Cervical cancer tumors with undetectable HPV (HPV

Genomic Determinants Of Homologous Recombination Deficiency Across Human Cancers, Tao Qing, Xinfeng Wang, Tomi Jun, Li Ding, Lajos Pusztai, Kuanlin Huang

Open Access Publications

Germline

Pitch And Rhythm Perception And Verbal Short-Term Memory In Acute Traumatic Brain Injury, Kirsten S Anderson, Nathalie Gosselin, Abbas F Sadikot, Maude Laguë-Beauvais, Esther S H Kang, Alexandra E Fogarty, Judith Marcoux, Jehane Dagher, Elaine De Guise

Open Access Publications

Music perception deficits are common following acquired brain injury due to stroke, epilepsy surgeries, and aneurysmal clipping. Few studies have examined these deficits following traumatic brain injury (TBI), resulting in an under-diagnosis in this population. We aimed to (1) compare TBI patients to controls on pitch and rhythm perception during the acute phase; (2) determine whether pitch and rhythm perception disorders co-occur; (3) examine lateralization of injury in the context of pitch and rhythm perception; and (4) determine the relationship between verbal short-term memory (STM) and pitch and rhythm perception. Music perception was examined using the Scale and Rhythm tests …

A Bone-Specific Adipogenesis Pathway In Fat-Free Mice Defines Key Origins And Adaptations Of Bone Marrow Adipocytes With Age And Disease, Xiao Zhang, Hero Robles, Kristann L. Magee, Madelyn R. Lorenz, Zhaohua Wang, Charles A. Harris, Clarissa S. Craft, Erica L. Scheller

Open Access Publications

Bone marrow adipocytes accumulate with age and in diverse disease states. However, their origins and adaptations in these conditions remain unclear, impairing our understanding of their context-specific endocrine functions and relationship with surrounding tissues. In this study, by analyzing bone and adipose tissues in the lipodystrophic 'fat-free' mouse, we define a novel, secondary adipogenesis pathway that relies on the recruitment of adiponectin-negative stromal progenitors. This pathway is unique to the bone marrow and is activated with age and in states of metabolic stress in the fat-free mouse model, resulting in the expansion of bone marrow adipocytes specialized for lipid storage …

Planning And Delivery Of Intensity Modulated Bolus Electron Conformal Therapy, Elizabeth N Hilliard, Robert L Carver, Erin L Chambers, James A Kavanaugh, Kevin J Erhart, Andrew S Mcguffey, Kenneth R Hogstrom

Open Access Publications

PURPOSE: Bolus electron conformal therapy (BECT) is a clinically useful, well-documented, and available technology. The addition of intensity modulation (IM) to BECT reduces volumes of high dose and dose spread in the planning target volume (PTV). This paper demonstrates new techniques for a process that should be suitable for planning and delivering IM-BECT using passive radiotherapy intensity modulation for electrons (PRIME) devices.

METHODS: The IM-BECT planning and delivery process is an addition to the BECT process that includes intensity modulator design, fabrication, and quality assurance. The intensity modulator (PRIME device) is a hexagonal matrix of small island blocks (tungsten pins …