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System Importance Measures: A New Approach To Resilient Systems-Of-Systems, Payuna Uday
System Importance Measures: A New Approach To Resilient Systems-Of-Systems, Payuna Uday
Open Access Dissertations
Resilience is the ability to withstand and recover rapidly from disruptions. While this attribute has been the focus of research in several fields, in the case of system-of-systems (SoSs), addressing resilience is particularly interesting and challenging. As infrastructure SoSs, such as power, transportation, and communication networks, grow in complexity and interconnectivity, measuring and improving the resilience of these SoSs is vital in terms of safety and providing uninterrupted services. ^ The characteristics of systems-of-systems make analysis and design of resilience challenging. However, these features also offer opportunities to make SoSs resilient using unconventional methods. In this research, we present a …
Modeling The Experiences Of Customer-Customer Encounters (Cces) In Event Tourism, Wei Wei
Modeling The Experiences Of Customer-Customer Encounters (Cces) In Event Tourism, Wei Wei
Open Access Dissertations
Over the last two decades, the increase in research into the event industry is testimony to the importance of this industry to the burgeoning tourism economy. Despite a high level of interpersonal interactions among attendees at in-person events, a comprehensive review of related literature indicates a lack of theories explaining the process and rationale behind interpersonal interaction phenomenon at events. This dissertation promotes a deeper understanding of how interactions among attendees are subjectively experienced and has implications for the context of the most competitive segment of the business sector of events--conferences.^ The empirical investigation of this dissertation includes a qualitative …
Modeling The Impacts Of Hospitality And Tourism Enterprises On Community Quality Of Life, Sangchoul Yi
Modeling The Impacts Of Hospitality And Tourism Enterprises On Community Quality Of Life, Sangchoul Yi
Open Access Dissertations
The present research examined the impacts of hospitality and tourism businesses on community quality of life using existing public domain databases. In the tourism literature, various methodological approaches have been proposed to investigate the impacts of tourism on a host community and its residents. However, these approaches are limited because of innate methodological constraints such as the bias of the survey respondents' perceptions. To overcome such a limitation, alternative research constructs have been proposed. Among them, Quality of Life (QOL) has become a good alternative for measuring tourism impacts. Accordingly, the present researcher introduced QOL as a research tool for …
A Three Constituent Mixture Theory Model Of Cutaneous And Subcutaneous Tissue In The Context Of Neonatal Pressure Ulcer Etiology And Prevention, Anne Dye Zakrajsek
A Three Constituent Mixture Theory Model Of Cutaneous And Subcutaneous Tissue In The Context Of Neonatal Pressure Ulcer Etiology And Prevention, Anne Dye Zakrajsek
Open Access Dissertations
Localized ischemia, impaired interstitial fluid flow, and sustained mechanical loading of cells have all been hypothesized as mechanisms of pressure ulcer (PrU) etiology. Time-varying loading has experimentally been shown to increase fluid flow in human skin in vivo. Towards the design of prophylactic protocols and treatment modalities for PrU management there is a need for an analytical model to investigate the local fluid flow characteristics of skin tissue under time-varying loading. In this study, a triphasic mixture theory model with constituents of extracellular matrix, interstitial fluid, and blood was calibrated and validated and used to investigate stress and fluid velocity …
Technology Use Of Online Instructors With High Self-Efficacy: A Multiple Case Study, Barbara L. Albee
Technology Use Of Online Instructors With High Self-Efficacy: A Multiple Case Study, Barbara L. Albee
Open Access Dissertations
The purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to understand how online instructors with perceived high self-efficacy for online teaching use technology in the online class and how their use compares to a common list of best practices for use of technology with online instruction. One-on-one interviews with four case study participants were the main source of data collection along with direct observations of the participants' online courses. The case study participants were selected based on results from a Sense of Efficacy for Online Teaching Scale and willingness to move forward with the case study. Conventional data analysis was …
Language, Writing, And Social (Inter)Action: An Analysis Of Text-Based Chats In Macedonian And English, Mira Bekar
Language, Writing, And Social (Inter)Action: An Analysis Of Text-Based Chats In Macedonian And English, Mira Bekar
Open Access Dissertations
The purpose of this study is to investigate the text-based chatting practices of a particular community of native Macedonian speakers who chat both in Macedonian and in English (as their foreign language). Much research in computer-mediated communication (CMC) over the last decade has been done in English as L1. Some of the few studies which explored CMC cross-linguistically include the comparison of French vs. English (Werry, 1996), Japanese vs. English (Nishimura, 2003b), Spanish vs. English (del-Teso-Craviotto, 2006), Serbian vs. English (Radic, 2007) and Turkish vs. English (Savas, 2010). In these studies, a number of different language features (e.g., orthography, code …
Chronic Stress During Adolescence Alters Alcohol-Induced Conditioned Place Preference In Mice Selectively Bred For High Alcohol Preference But No Low Alcohol Preference, Kristen R Breit
Open Access Dissertations
Chronic stress exposure during adolescence is associated with more long-lasting negative consequences than exposure during adulthood. Adolescent chronic stress exposure has long-lasting effects on physiology and behavior, including an increased risk of developing an alcohol use disorder (AUD) later in life. This relationship is particularly true in individuals with a familial history of AUDs. Recent research has shown that chronic stress in adolescent mice increased voluntary alcohol consumption in adulthood, but did not do so in adult mice. However, little is known about the mechanism of the relationship between adolescent chronic stress and increased alcohol consumption in adulthood. Evidence suggests …
Becoming Kin: Modernity, Authenticity, And The Construction Of Spiritual Relatedness In An Evangelical Parachurch Ministry, Brad Codr
Open Access Dissertations
This dissertation explores how families are formed and spiritual kinship is created by members of the Body of Christ evangelical parachurch ministry at one public university in the United States. Spiritual relatedness is used to conceptualize members' social relationships and demonstrate the diverse forms of Christian community that emerge in the lives of young adults. Results from this study provide an alternative perspective to social science literature labeling Christianity as an individualistic belief system. It also contributes to continuing dialogue within the anthropology of Christianity, which seeks to describe and understand what it means to be Christian. I argue that …
The Process And Dimensions Of Family Member Marginalization: A Mixed-Method Construct Explication, Elizabeth Dorrace Hall
The Process And Dimensions Of Family Member Marginalization: A Mixed-Method Construct Explication, Elizabeth Dorrace Hall
Open Access Dissertations
This dissertation builds upon social psychology, organizational studies (i.e., social identity theory, social network theory), family studies, and interpersonal communication (i.e., hurt, confirmation theory) literature to understand how marginalized family members, or "black sheep," come to live at the edge of their families. In some societies, marginalized family members are called black sheep because they stand out from the rest of the group. Being marginalized refers to feeling different, not included, or not approved of by family. Two studies were conducted to uncover and test the dimensions of family marginalization and explore the process of marginalization in families. Study 1 …
Elucidation Of Pharmacologically Manipulated Responding In The Delay Discounting Task In High Alcohol Preferring Mice, Meredith Halcomb
Elucidation Of Pharmacologically Manipulated Responding In The Delay Discounting Task In High Alcohol Preferring Mice, Meredith Halcomb
Open Access Dissertations
Impulsive behavior is the hallmark of many psychopathologies. Uncovering the neurobiological mechanisms driving impulsivity is paramount in the development of through the delay discounting (DD) task in both human and animal models. The present study is an examination of the predictive validity of the two primary types of DD procedures in animals, the Adjusting Amounts (AA) and within session Increasing Delays (ID) tasks. Methods:Subjects were administered either1.25 mg/kg d-amphetamine (AMP), 1.5 g/kg ethanol (EtOH) or saline and tested in either the AA or ID method for 15 days to evaluate drug effects on impulsive behavior. Results: Stimulant administration resulted …
Negotiated Interaction In The Learning Of Written Discourse Conventions, Brian A Guthrie
Negotiated Interaction In The Learning Of Written Discourse Conventions, Brian A Guthrie
Open Access Dissertations
This study examines how two Japanese students learning to write in English negotiate the variations in written discourse conventions they encounter in an all-English program at a university in Japan. Textbooks, samples of the students' essays, and written feedback from instructors were analyzed, and interviews were conducted with the students in order to demonstrate the varieties of descriptions and interpretations of written academic introductions the students encountered in their first year of study at the university. Using an approach to learning that draws from ecological theories of composition, alternative approaches to second language acquisition, and actor-network theory, the students' academic …
Permeable Boundaries: Globalizing Form In Contemporary American And British Literature, Nancy Caronia
Permeable Boundaries: Globalizing Form In Contemporary American And British Literature, Nancy Caronia
Open Access Dissertations
Efforts to define globalization often are delimited by concrete articulations focused on and about the economic and political processes within a global sphere. These processes dominate global studies in economics, feminism, history, law, sociology, and literature. “Permeable Boundaries: Globalizing Form in Contemporary American and British Literature” is an interdisciplinary literary study that explores how gender, racial, and ethnic categories are connected not through economic models, but through the subjective processes of agency, self-identity, and narrative making. These discrete processes of consciousness expand how globalization is imagined through the human condition. Engaging with American and British texts focused on the global …
Characterizing Hiv-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder In Two Underserved Sociodemographic Groups, Julia S. Seay
Characterizing Hiv-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder In Two Underserved Sociodemographic Groups, Julia S. Seay
Open Access Dissertations
The purpose of this project is to characterize neurocognitive functioning and correlates of neurocognitive functioning, as well as to examine the diagnostic accuracy of relatively promising neurocognitive tests in two underserved sociodemographic groups living with HIV: monolingual Spanish-speaking Hispanics and English-speaking African-Americans, in order to better understand HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND) within these groups. Examining HAND in underserved groups is paramount to the development of effective HAND screening and treatment algorithms in clinics that serve these groups, such as the AIDS Clinical Research Unit (ACRU) at the University of Miami. The current project was drawn from an initiative to develop …
Making A Positive Change: A Qualitative Study Of Homeless Women’S Perceptions And Experiences Of Shelter Living, Natasha Schaefer Solle
Making A Positive Change: A Qualitative Study Of Homeless Women’S Perceptions And Experiences Of Shelter Living, Natasha Schaefer Solle
Open Access Dissertations
The primary objective of this dissertation was to address factors that influenced homeless women’s health behaviors based on the theory of gender and power (TGP). A total of 18 participants described their experiences of being homeless, living in a shelter and its impact on their HIV risk behaviors. The interviews were framed by the constructs of the TGP, which included economic, physical, and social risk factors. The TGP describes the multiple social and structural factors that impact homeless women and their health risks. The TGP was chosen because of its adaptation by Wingood and DiClemente (2000), who exclusively tailored it …
Pathway To Autism Spectrum Disorders: Finding Patterns Of Common Genetic Variation Underlying The Complex Disorder, Yo Son Park
Pathway To Autism Spectrum Disorders: Finding Patterns Of Common Genetic Variation Underlying The Complex Disorder, Yo Son Park
Open Access Dissertations
The field of genetics has witnessed a tremendous increase in the amount of information in the past decade resulting from genotyping and resequencing technologies. There has been an explosion in the development, application and optimization of statistical and computational methods to analyze these data. In particular, genome-wide scanning of common or rare genetic variants and their associations to a phenotypic trait has been successfully applied in several studies. For complex diseases such as Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), however, interrogating single locus associations by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) has been unable to unambiguously identify disorder causing genes. In this dissertation, an …
A Comparison Between A Comprehensive Wellness-Based After-School Program And A Traditional Ymca After-School Program On Measures Of Physical Fitness, Health-Related, And Executive Cognitive Function Variables In Minority Elementary School Children., Chantis Mantilla
Open Access Dissertations
Many intervention and prevention programs targeting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents have been effective, however, few have targeted changes in physical fitness, health-related variables, and cognitive executive function in a single study. The purpose of this study was to compare the Translational Health in Nutrition and Kinesiology (THINK), a comprehensive wellness based after-school program, to a traditional YMCA after-school program on measures of physical fitness, health-related variables, and executive cognitive function in a group of 102 elementary school, minority children (mean age= 9.2 years) following a 10-week intervention period. This study was based on a quasi-experimental nonequivalent …
Realizing What Matters, Benjamin Yelle
Realizing What Matters, Benjamin Yelle
Open Access Dissertations
Two thoughts dominate much of the literature on well-being: “What is good for an individual depends upon what that individual is like” and “In some cases an individual is worse off because she is deprived of some putatively essential or basic good even if she cannot be brought to appreciate this fact.” This work is an attempt to capture both of these intuitions to a greater extent than prior theories of well-being. Many well-being theorists call the first thought “the subjective intuition” and consider the latter to concern our intuitions about “deprivation.” While many theories of well- being are able …
Teacher Self-Efficacy, Teacher Attitudes About Reform Accountability Measures, And Teacher Burn-Out, Wendy A. Folk
Teacher Self-Efficacy, Teacher Attitudes About Reform Accountability Measures, And Teacher Burn-Out, Wendy A. Folk
Open Access Dissertations
Teacher rhetoric surrounding Indiana’s recent education reform policies and teacher accountability measures have indicated a possible increase in teacher burnout and potentially lower levels of teacher self-efficacy. This study examines the relationship between teacher self-efficacy, teacher burnout, and teachers’ attitudes about three reform accountability measures – teacher effectiveness ratings, A – F school grades, and performance pay. The study was based on responses from 106 urban elementary teachers in an Indiana school district with more than 15,000 students. Correlations between burnout and self-efficacy were found to be consistent with previous studies, while small correlations were found between teachers’ attitudes about …
Exploring The Phenomenon Of Chinese Babymoon Tourism, Ruoyang Zhang
Exploring The Phenomenon Of Chinese Babymoon Tourism, Ruoyang Zhang
Open Access Dissertations
The purpose of this study is to investigate the phenomenon of Chinese babymoon tourism. This phenomenon is gaining popularity in China but has not received due attention in academic research and from the tourism industry. The study aims to identify the backgrounds of young Chinese couples who participate in babymoon tourism, uncover the factors that motivate them to do so, and examine their travel behaviors that take place during such trips.
Relationships Between Masculinity Beliefs And Colorectal Cancer Screening In Male Veterans, Shannon M. Christy
Relationships Between Masculinity Beliefs And Colorectal Cancer Screening In Male Veterans, Shannon M. Christy
Open Access Dissertations
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer diagnosed and the third most common cause of cancer deaths among men in the United States. Although CRC screening tests can reduce CRC incidence and mortality, men’s current rates of CRC screening fall below screening objectives. Results from qualitative studies have suggested masculinity to be a potential barrier to CRC screening as some men may find endoscopic screening procedures to breach masculinity norms. In prior studies, masculinity beliefs have been associated with preventive health behaviors as well as risk behaviors among men. However, to the author’s knowledge, no other quantitative studies …
The Use Of Oral History And Narrative Research In Broadening The Historical Foundation Of The Agricultural Communication Field, Natalie L Federer
The Use Of Oral History And Narrative Research In Broadening The Historical Foundation Of The Agricultural Communication Field, Natalie L Federer
Open Access Dissertations
The historical foundation of the agricultural communication community (consisting of both academics and the profession) is shallow and void of humanistic perspective, and there is a minimal amount of historical content that focuses on academic and professional history. The need to explore and interpret historical dimensions of this field is vital to further development of the discipline as an academic and professional field. Oral history was utilized to capture and preserve the interview content from a small sample of agricultural communication and Extension professionals and faculty while narrative research, interpretative theory, and constructivism were utilized to further understand and interpret …
Preservice Teacher Motivation, Jennifer Moss
Preservice Teacher Motivation, Jennifer Moss
Open Access Dissertations
This dissertation project highlights some positive news about college students who have chosen to become teachers, also known as preservice teachers. Two studies were conducted: one that examined the students’ open-ended answers to the direct question of why they want to become teachers; the other that examined the preservice teachers’ motivations overall, in the context of becoming a teacher, and in the situation of their education coursework. The findings in both studies suggest that students are choosing teaching for positive reasons including for the social utility value of the profession and their intrinsic interest in teaching. In addition, when examining …
The Effectiveness Of Behavior-Based Safety In The Flight Training Environment, Ronda Elaine Cassens
The Effectiveness Of Behavior-Based Safety In The Flight Training Environment, Ronda Elaine Cassens
Open Access Dissertations
Although flight training accounts for an eighth of the total flying in general aviation, nearly one-third of midair collisions occur during instructional flights. Initiating clearing turns prior to training maneuvers is an important means of preventing a midair collision. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine (a) Which human factors are causing the discrepancies between procedures and practice with respect to clearing turns, and are those discrepancies reduced through the implementation of behavior-based safety (BBS)? and (b) Is there a significant increase in the utilization of clearing turns prior to the initiation of training maneuvers by students in …
Sociocultural Factors Related To Parents' And Caregivers' Decisions To Vaccinate Children Against Hpv, Savannah Mcsheffrey
Sociocultural Factors Related To Parents' And Caregivers' Decisions To Vaccinate Children Against Hpv, Savannah Mcsheffrey
Open Access Dissertations
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the U.S and can lead to several types of cancers. A better understanding of the variables impacting HPV vaccination will help inform the development of effective disease prevention interventions. This study aims to describe factors that impact parents’ and caregivers’ decisions to vaccinate their children against HPV by examining sociocultural factors and behavioral change theory among parents or caretakers of sons and daughters (ages 9-18) from diverse socioeconomic, racial, and ethnic backgrounds. A national sample was recruited and participants completed demographic questions and measures related to their attitudes and …
Examining Potential Iatrogenic Effects Of Group Treatment For Incarcerated Adolescents, Shayna S. Bassett
Examining Potential Iatrogenic Effects Of Group Treatment For Incarcerated Adolescents, Shayna S. Bassett
Open Access Dissertations
Rates of substance use among juvenile offenders are disproportionately high and frequently associated with deviant and criminal behavior (Mulvey, Schubert, & Chassin, 2010). Despite the prevalence of group-based treatment for adolescent substance abuse (Young, Dembo, & Henderson, 2007), some authors caution that aggregation of high-risk youth may increase rather than decrease antisocial behavior, thus producing iatrogenic effects. The current study sought to identify the extent to which various group processes as rated by counselors, observers, and adolescents mediate the relationship between type of group treatment received while incarcerated and adolescents' substance use and conduct problems following their release. Of the …
Multivariate Measurement Of Multiple Health Behavior Change And Its Relation To Baseline Severity, Kelsey Elise Ufholz
Multivariate Measurement Of Multiple Health Behavior Change And Its Relation To Baseline Severity, Kelsey Elise Ufholz
Open Access Dissertations
Unhealthy lifestyle behaviors have been shown to significantly increase the risk of chronic illness. Interventions changing multiple health behaviors simultaneously show promise in reducing mortality, even more than interventions focusing on individual health behaviors. Multiple health behavior change is a new field with many fundamental questions unanswered, among them how to simultaneously measure progress in multiple health-related behaviors. Previous studies have examined several potential multivariate measurement methods but none have shown consistently superior results. Furthermore various methods may best be suited to specific behaviors, study goals, or intervention contexts. This study proposed to compare several of the most commonly used …
The Identification Of Contextual Factors Influencing Teacher Implementation Of Interventions Related To Students' Individual Education Plans, Stephanie M. Marshall
The Identification Of Contextual Factors Influencing Teacher Implementation Of Interventions Related To Students' Individual Education Plans, Stephanie M. Marshall
Open Access Dissertations
This study evaluated the relationship between the availability of so-called contextual factors in schools and teachers’ implementation fidelity of IEP related interventions. It also analyzed which of these factors teachers reported as being important to intervention implementation. General education elementary school teachers (N = 91) were recruited for this study from schools throughout New England. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups, a group that answered study questions based on an IEP related intervention they were having difficulty implementing or a group that answered questions based on an intervention for which they were not experiencing difficulty with implementation. …
Assessing Climate For Systems Improvement Initiatives In Healthcare, Keerthi S. Suryadevara
Assessing Climate For Systems Improvement Initiatives In Healthcare, Keerthi S. Suryadevara
Open Access Dissertations
Increasing medical costs have made healthcare organizations look at reducing their operating costs while meeting their demands, which made them move towards adopting systems improvement methodologies that have been successful in other business sectors, especially from manufacturing industries. The success of these improvement methodologies is contingent on employees of the organization being ready to adopt and embrace them which necessitates behavior change of employees. This study aimed to develop measures based on the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) to assess employees’attitudes and readiness to adopt improvement methodologies and the effects of employees’ demographics like supervisory level, length of service, work group and …
Childhood Maltreatment And Its Impact On Executive Skills Within An Inpatient Setting, Jennifer Ann Dupont Frechette
Childhood Maltreatment And Its Impact On Executive Skills Within An Inpatient Setting, Jennifer Ann Dupont Frechette
Open Access Dissertations
Previous research has shown that child maltreatment can negatively impact brain development and neurocognitive systems for children, adolescents, and adults. However there are no published studies that have sought to understand the role of child maltreatment with psychiatrically hospitalized children. Psychiatrically hospitalized children are considered a high-risk population due to increased suicidality, internalizing disorders, and lower cognitive functioning. The current study examined a hierarchical and cumulative model of maltreatment with inpatient children (ages 6-14 years old) who had been maltreated (n=111) to understand its impact on executive functioning skills, compared with a psychiatric outpatient sample (n=166). …
Exploring The Sociocultural Pathway Model As It Predicts Body Satisfacion In Athletes And Nonathletes, Sarah Howes-Masnik
Exploring The Sociocultural Pathway Model As It Predicts Body Satisfacion In Athletes And Nonathletes, Sarah Howes-Masnik
Open Access Dissertations
This study was a secondary data analysis in which the sociocultural pathway model (Stice & Agras, 1998) was tested in male and female athletes and nonathletes. There were three primary purposes for this study. The first aim was to test the applicability of the sociocultural model theory in the current sample by conducting confirmatory factor analyses on the measurement constructs. The second aim was to create a structural equation model that fit the data best according to theoretical directionality of the constructs in the sociocultural theory. The third aim was to compare the predictive paths of this model across sexes …