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Insar Applications For Environmental And Hazard Monitoring, Talib Oliver Cabrera
Insar Applications For Environmental And Hazard Monitoring, Talib Oliver Cabrera
Open Access Dissertations
As human sprawl extends, and the use of natural resources grows, changes in the surface of the Earth represent an increasing threat for human lives. Deformation in the Earth surface is driven by many different processes (e.g. anthropogenic changes). A better understanding of the behavior and magnitude of these movements may help to improve human life and risk assessment. This work explores Earth superficial deformation processes that happen in solid, ice or aquatic surfaces using radar interferometry technique to observe surface changes. Three different non-tectonic phenomena were selected: tidal flow inundation in coastal wetlands (Chapter 3), precursory sinkhole movements in …
Health-Related Quality Of Life Instruments For Deaf Children With Cochlear Implants: Development Of Child And Parent-Proxy Measures, Michael Farrell Hoffman
Health-Related Quality Of Life Instruments For Deaf Children With Cochlear Implants: Development Of Child And Parent-Proxy Measures, Michael Farrell Hoffman
Open Access Dissertations
Severe to profound hearing loss is associated with measurable deficits in health-related quality of life (HRQoL), reflecting its concomitant effects on oral language, social and emotional functioning, and academic performance. HRQoL is a multidimensional construct that encompasses four core domains: 1) disease severity and physical symptoms, 2) functional status, 3) emotional/cognitive functioning, and 4) social skills (Aaronson, 1989; Palermo et al., 2008). However, studies of cochlear implantation (CI) have focused on clinical measures of efficacy related to language and communication (e.g., auditory, speech, language skills), and have not captured the implant’s effects on daily functioning. HRQoL measures provide a unique …
Sprints Of Citizenship: Black Women Track Stars And The Making Of Modern Citizenship In The United States And Jamaica, 1946-1964, Catherine "Cat" Ariail
Sprints Of Citizenship: Black Women Track Stars And The Making Of Modern Citizenship In The United States And Jamaica, 1946-1964, Catherine "Cat" Ariail
Open Access Dissertations
In the postwar period, nations and territories used international sport to codify their ideal citizenries. For the United States and Jamaica, black women athletes complicated these efforts. This dissertation analyzes the ideological influence of black women track stars, examining how they destabilized dominant ideas about race, gender, sexuality, and national identity. The strivings and successes of American and Jamaican black women track athletes at international sporting events forced sport cultures in the United States and Jamaica continually to wrestle with the meaning of black women’s athleticism. Their struggles to fit black women athletes into their respective visions of their national …
Physiological And Affective Reactivity To Emotional Comments In Individuals At High Risk For Psychosis, Marc Joshua Weintraub
Physiological And Affective Reactivity To Emotional Comments In Individuals At High Risk For Psychosis, Marc Joshua Weintraub
Open Access Dissertations
Psychotic symptoms are distributed along a continuum, ranging from subclinical experiences to clinically-defined psychosis. Individuals who are on the clinically diagnosable end of the psychosis spectrum (e.g. schizophrenia) tend to have a heightened sensitivity to social stressors, like Expressed Emotion (EE). EE measures how critical or overly-involved a family member is towards an identified patient, and is positively associated with higher rates of relapse and greater symptomatic presentations following a patient’s hospitalization. Additionally, the mere exposure to a family member who is high in EE leads to greater physiological arousal in patients with schizophrenia compared to healthy controls. It is …
A Model Of Parental Involvement In The Music Education Of Students With Special Education Needs, Vimari Colon-Leon
A Model Of Parental Involvement In The Music Education Of Students With Special Education Needs, Vimari Colon-Leon
Open Access Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of Schools’ Values and Practices, Parents’ Motivational Beliefs, and Home Musical Background on School-Based Parental Involvement in the form of a predictive model. Survey data were collected from a sample of 205 caregivers of elementary and middle school students with special education needs in the United States East Coast. All the participants’ children were enrolled in music courses at public schools when the study was conducted. Data analysis included Pearson correlation analysis, exploratory factor analysis, maximum likelihood confirmatory factor analysis, and maximum likelihood structural equation modeling. Results of the CFA …
Effects Of A Multidirectional Walking Program On Physical Function And Quality Of Life In Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Patients, Melanie Potiaumpai
Effects Of A Multidirectional Walking Program On Physical Function And Quality Of Life In Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Patients, Melanie Potiaumpai
Open Access Dissertations
The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a novel multi-directional walking program and physical activity monitoring (WALK) versus physical activity monitoring alone (CONT) on performance-based physical function and patient-reported quality of life. Thirty-five adults receiving either an autologous or allogeneic HSCT were randomized to the two groups. Patients in the WALK group received training three times a week throughout the entire hospitalization phase, while patients in the CONT group received usual care visits from an exercise physiologist. Both groups experienced significant decreases post-transplant in cardiovascular endurance and quality of life. However, the WALK group showed larger …
Synthesis And Applications Of Carbon Dots, Yiwen Ji
Synthesis And Applications Of Carbon Dots, Yiwen Ji
Open Access Dissertations
Carbon dots (C-Dots) are recognized as excellent, zero-dimensional, bio-compatible nanoparticles with diameters less than 10 nm. Since its discovery in 2004 by unintentional single-wall nanotube purification, C-Dots have been extensively studied and applied in many aspects in the past couple decades. C-Dots are mainly made from carbon source and nitrogen/sulfur doping, which made them bio-compatible and non-toxic nanomaterials, in comparison to other nanoparticles, such as semi-conductor quantum dots. In addition to non-toxicity, C-Dots possess excellent photostability and high fluorescence (QY up to 94 %), which is comparable to quantum dots for bio-imaging applications. In contrast to quantum dots, the synthesis …
Non-Cognitive Factors That Contribute To The Black Gender Gap In Community College Persistence, Simeon Antonio Richardson
Non-Cognitive Factors That Contribute To The Black Gender Gap In Community College Persistence, Simeon Antonio Richardson
Open Access Dissertations
Although female college students in the United States from all racial and ethnic groups outperform their male counterparts in key academic areas, including retention and persistence rates, the college persistence gap between Black women and Black men is the widest. The purpose of this study was to explore if there is a difference in intent-to-persist between Black males and Black females and to identify the role non-cognitive factors may play. The survey results obtained from self-identified Black students at one community college were analyzed using a hierarchical multiple regression with four subsequent blocks to explore the effect on intent-to-persist using …
Fiducial-Less Real-Time Tracking For The Radiation Therapy Of Liver Tumors Using Artificial Neural Networks, Deon Martina Dick
Fiducial-Less Real-Time Tracking For The Radiation Therapy Of Liver Tumors Using Artificial Neural Networks, Deon Martina Dick
Open Access Dissertations
For the Cyberknife radiation therapy treatment modality, the gold standard of real-time tracking of abdominal tumors requires the use of fiducial markers. The use of fiducial markers has not only reduced the dose to the organs-at-risk (OARs) but has also improved the accuracy with which tumors influenced by motion are tracked during treatment delivery. However, there are some drawbacks when using fiducial markers such as infection, pain at the injection site, treatment delay and cost. These complications were a catalyst for many research groups trying to determine the feasibility of using the diaphragm as a motion surrogate. The main limitations …
Protective Multi-Level Factors In Adolescents Of Mothers With Mental Disorders, Chante Evette Washington-Oates
Protective Multi-Level Factors In Adolescents Of Mothers With Mental Disorders, Chante Evette Washington-Oates
Open Access Dissertations
Maternal mental disorders (MD), including substance use, are chronic conditions associated with poor child mental health. Yet, some children of these mothers thrive and experience healthy development and functioning. Despite this, little research examines protective factors, e.g., parenting practices and self-management beliefs and behaviors, in children of mothers with MD. This dissertation was ancillary to a randomized trial of a family-based intervention for mothers with MD and their children. The aims of this dissertation were to: 1) examine whether maternal positive parenting practices are related to adolescent emotional (internalizing) and behavioral (externalizing) problems, after controlling for mother’s psychological distress and …
Educational Experiences And Academic Adjustment Of Transfer Students At The Four-Year University, Jacklyn A. Collins
Educational Experiences And Academic Adjustment Of Transfer Students At The Four-Year University, Jacklyn A. Collins
Open Access Dissertations
Education has been perceived as the key pathway that individuals utilize to achieve economic success and upward mobility, yet how that education is acquired is not a lock-step process. According to the 2015 Signature 9 Report from the National Student Clearinghouse Research Center, students made 2.4 million (37.2%) transitions from one institution to another between 2008 and 2014 (Shapiro et al., 2015). However, according to Student Achievement Measurement (n.d.), only 11% of students who transfer from four-year to four-year institution complete a bachelor’s degree, which is much smaller than the 71.7% of full-time students who start at a four-year institution …
Exploring Density Incorporation In Inverse Radiotherapy Optimization, Maria De La Luz De Ornelas
Exploring Density Incorporation In Inverse Radiotherapy Optimization, Maria De La Luz De Ornelas
Open Access Dissertations
Inverse radiotherapy optimization is based on a cost function that tries to minimize the radiation dose to volumes within a patient’s body. This dissertation explores the incorporation of electron/physical density information into the cost function. This can be termed dose-mass-based (DM) inverse optimization, as mass is the product of density and volume. Another approach for incorporating density in the optimization objective function is Energy-based optimization, where density is utilized to minimize energy deposition in mass (i.e. integral dose). The explorations herein included the investigation of sensitivity of mass-based inverse optimization with varying intensity modulation delivery parameters. The results of the …
High Resolution Wide Field-Of-View Optical Coherence Tomography For 3d Imaging, Kai Shen
High Resolution Wide Field-Of-View Optical Coherence Tomography For 3d Imaging, Kai Shen
Open Access Dissertations
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive, cross-sectional, and three-dimensional (3D) tomographic imaging modality. It offers subsurface deeper penetration depth and larger scan area than confocal microscopy as well as higher resolution than ultrasound imaging, very suitable for 3D in vivo imaging of eyes, skins, blood vessels, and other non-biomedical samples. However, there is a trade-off problem among lateral resolution, lateral field of view (FOV), and axial imaging depth, limiting the performance of OCT systems. In this dissertation, we report our studies to solve these problems and to make the OCT a competitive tool for a variety of 3D imaging …
Agulhas Leakage Variability And Its Climate Implications In A Coupled System, Yu Cheng
Agulhas Leakage Variability And Its Climate Implications In A Coupled System, Yu Cheng
Open Access Dissertations
Agulhas leakage has profound impacts on the climate system via importing heat and salt anomalies and affecting the stability of the meridional overturning circulation in the Atlantic. Existing numerical studies on Agulhas leakage are mostly based on ocean general circulation models, and the few coupled studies suffer from coarse resolution. In this dissertation, we investigate Agulhas leakage variability and its impacts by analyzing a suite of ocean eddy resolving (1/10 degree) coupled simulations. We find that the high resolution configured NCAR Community Coupled System Model (CCSM3.5) simulations share some discrepancies such as regular ring path and eastward bias of retroflection …
The Impact Of Cocurricular Involvement And Leadership Roles On The Perceived Development Of Employability Skills, Joshua R. Brandfon
The Impact Of Cocurricular Involvement And Leadership Roles On The Perceived Development Of Employability Skills, Joshua R. Brandfon
Open Access Dissertations
Empirical research shows that students who are involved in cocurricular programs in college are more likely to graduate on time and be satisfied with their institutions, are more likely to gain important leadership skills and competencies, and are more likely to gain skills deemed important by employers and necessary for job success. The purpose of this study is to examine whether cocurricular involvement and/or leadership experiences throughout a student’s college career increases the perceived development of certain skills that are required to be successful in a job, and whether the intensity of a student’s involvement plays a moderating role in …
Systematics, Evolution, And Biogeography Of Ayenia (Malvaceae Subfamily Byttnerioideae), Wyatt Vann Sharber
Systematics, Evolution, And Biogeography Of Ayenia (Malvaceae Subfamily Byttnerioideae), Wyatt Vann Sharber
Open Access Dissertations
Plant systematics broadly explores the origins and maintenance of plant diversity on earth. Here I describe four systematic investigations of the plant genus Ayenia, a New World genus of shrubs and subshrubs with approximately 85 species found mostly in dry habitats. In the first chapter, I show that the unusual trithecate anthers that Ayenia and its close relative Megatritheca share are a result of parallel evolution. In the second chapter, I focus on reconstructing the historical biogeography of the genus and thus show that Ayenia originated in South America, but has spread throughout tropical and subtropical America, including at least …
On Chromatic Quasisymmetric Functions Of Directed Graphs, Brittney Ellzey
On Chromatic Quasisymmetric Functions Of Directed Graphs, Brittney Ellzey
Open Access Dissertations
In 1912, Birkhoff introduced the chromatic polynomial of a graph, which counts the number of proper colorings of a graph. In 1995, Stanley introduced the chromatic symmetric function of a graph, a symmetric function analog of the chromatic polynomial of a graph. The Stanley-Stembridge e-positivity conjecture is a longstanding conjecture that states that the chromatic symmetric function of a certain class of graphs has nonnegative coefficients when expanded in the elementary symmetric function basis. In 2012, Shareshian and Wachs introduced the chromatic quasisymmetric function of a labeled graph, a refinement of the chromatic symmetric function. Shareshian and Wachs described their …
Opera Kardashian: An Opera In One Act, Dana E. Kaufman
Opera Kardashian: An Opera In One Act, Dana E. Kaufman
Open Access Dissertations
This essay discusses the making of and philosophies behind Opera Kardashian, a one-act opera about tragedy and the human condition, as told through the infamous Kardashian clan. The opera, composed in collaboration with librettist Tom Swift and approximately an hour in length, creates one of the first known trans roles in opera written exclusively for performance by trans women.
Prospects For A Data-Driven Task-Fmri Ontology, Taylor Sullivan Bolt
Prospects For A Data-Driven Task-Fmri Ontology, Taylor Sullivan Bolt
Open Access Dissertations
The growing literature of task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (task-fMRI) has increased calls for an adequate organizing ontology, or taxonomy, of task fMRI experiments. Researchers differ over what should be the dominant features of such an ontology: should it be concrete/observable dimensions, such as task paradigm (e.g. n-back vs. flanker task), or latent/theoretical dimensions, such as cognitive domains (e.g. working-memory vs. bottom-up attention)? This dissertation attempts to address what is important for a task-fMRI ontology in a quantifiable manner. We use a simple quantitative criterion for categories/dimensions of a task-fMRI ontology: the ability to explain observed variations in task-fMRI activation …
Inharmonic Resonance: Music And Temporality In Literature Of The Long Nineteenth Century, Sarah Elizabeth Cash
Inharmonic Resonance: Music And Temporality In Literature Of The Long Nineteenth Century, Sarah Elizabeth Cash
Open Access Dissertations
This project examines the way nineteenth century authors use music in their work to complicate social expectations and hierarchies. These authors use music as a fluid metaphor for subversive possibilities that work against hegemonic readings of the text. By “music” I mean representations of people playing and listening to music, discussions of music in text, and the production of musicality through language. I posit that music confounds its own seemingly measured structure through the nature and movement of sound. Thus, “music” can operate in written text as a non-linear and non-cyclical temporal sound space, revealing cracks or ruptures in dominant …
Mindfulness Practice In The Collegiate Voice Studio: A Case Study, Elena Blyskal
Mindfulness Practice In The Collegiate Voice Studio: A Case Study, Elena Blyskal
Open Access Dissertations
Research continuously acknowledges mindfulness—the practice of purposefully, nonjudgmentally paying attention in the present moment —as a technique to reduce anxiety, improve attention and working memory, and overall enhance physical, mental, and emotional wellbeing. While the college years are often tumultuous, mindfulness can be a viable means of reducing student anxiety while enhancing one’s learning experience, particularly for the highly demanding lifestyles of music students. Musicians who undergo mindfulness training have reported reduced performance anxiety, increased performance quality, more focused practices, and improved positive affect, among other published results. Mindfulness may be especially beneficial for musicians who are singers, who require …
Testing An Evolutionary-Psychological Model Of Incest, Carlton J. Patrick
Testing An Evolutionary-Psychological Model Of Incest, Carlton J. Patrick
Open Access Dissertations
Predictive literature on incest has focused extensively on the dynamics of the home environment, but much less attention has been paid to the individual characteristics of offenders and the victims they target. Using the 2015 dataset from the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS), a national database of criminal offenders maintained by the National Archive of Criminal Data, this dissertation sets out to complement the existing predictive framework by identifying individual characteristics associated with incest. Findings include: males constituted 93% of all biological incest offenders; females constituted 78% of all biological incest victims, the majority of which fell within fertile ages …
Towards The Development Of An Integrated Theory Of Macro-Level Crime: A Multilevel And Geospatial Analysis Of Anomic Disorganization Theory, Eric Ramsey Louderback
Towards The Development Of An Integrated Theory Of Macro-Level Crime: A Multilevel And Geospatial Analysis Of Anomic Disorganization Theory, Eric Ramsey Louderback
Open Access Dissertations
In recent years, the United States has experienced increasing structural trends of steeply increasing crime rates in some urban neighborhoods and a widening gap in wealth and income inequality between social classes. The primary criminological theory applied to explain neighborhood crime rates is social disorganization theory, while the primary theory linking economic inequality to crime outcomes is institutional anomie theory. However, while there is an increasing trend in the literature towards integrating current theoretical perspectives to better explain macro-level crime, no integrated theoretical frameworks have been developed to explain neighborhood crime patterns applying social disorganization theory at the neighborhood-level and …
Investigations Of Super-Lifting Co-Flow Jet Airfoil And Distributed Electric Propulsion Aircraft, Yunchao Yang
Investigations Of Super-Lifting Co-Flow Jet Airfoil And Distributed Electric Propulsion Aircraft, Yunchao Yang
Open Access Dissertations
The objective of this dissertation is to investigate the super-lifting performance of Co-Flow Jet (CFJ) flow control airfoil and its applications to electric aircraft. The CFJ airfoil is promising to transform future aircraft design with extremely short takeoff/landing (ESTOL) and ultra-high cruise efficiency due to its substantial lift enhancement and drag reduction with very low energy expenditure. To resolve turbulent vortical structures for super-lifting CFJ airfoil flows, the improved delayed detached eddy simulation (IDDES) with high order schemes is developed and implemented in the in-house CFD code, FASIP. The high order schemes used in this study include a fifth-order weighted …
Study Of Prussian Blue And Its Analogues As Mediators In Supercapacitors, Chen Zhang
Study Of Prussian Blue And Its Analogues As Mediators In Supercapacitors, Chen Zhang
Open Access Dissertations
The present PhD dissertation reflects research efforts on Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) enhanced mediator supercapacitors(SCs). Two effects of PBAs were studied: (1) mediators provide extra capacitance to the electrodes of SCs; and (2) mediators provide extra free ions to the electrolyte in the SCs. In the first part of this dissertation, sixteen PBAs were synthesized and characterized by using proper methods. Respectively, PBAs-based supercapacitors were fabricated and analyzed by electrochemical characterization methods. The results of experiment showed that with doping 9% mediators in the electrodes the specific capacitance of the SCs increased by 85%. The correlation between capacitance increment and …
Origins Of U.S. Public Opinion For Drone Strikes: The Intersection Of Elite Rhetoric, Media Coverage, And American Public Opinion, 2000-2015, Grant M. Cohen
Origins Of U.S. Public Opinion For Drone Strikes: The Intersection Of Elite Rhetoric, Media Coverage, And American Public Opinion, 2000-2015, Grant M. Cohen
Open Access Dissertations
Armed, unmanned aerial vehicles have been an increasingly important tool of US foreign policy since the George W. Bush era, and emerged as the Barack Obama administration’s weapon of choice. Some say drone strikes are necessary to reduce American casualties abroad and protect lives at home, while others argue they terrorize communities and violate the sovereignty of states throughout the world. Meanwhile, the American public has consistently supported this controversial tactic, while most of the world – including close US allies – oppose it. In this dissertation, I analyze congressional rhetoric, presidential rhetoric and mainstream TV news content regarding the …
An Assessment Of The Caribbean Sea’S Upper Ocean Influence On Air-Sea Interaction During Tropical Cyclones, Johna Elizabeth Rudzin
An Assessment Of The Caribbean Sea’S Upper Ocean Influence On Air-Sea Interaction During Tropical Cyclones, Johna Elizabeth Rudzin
Open Access Dissertations
The unique characteristics of the Caribbean Sea’s upper ocean are investigated to understand its influence on air-sea processes during tropical cyclones (TC). The Caribbean Sea upper ocean is complex, containing large warm core eddies (WCE) which propagate through the basin and the Amazon-Orinoco River plume, which induces a vertical salinity gradient. Both of these features have been shown in literature in other ocean basins to influence TC intensity. Thus, it is imperative to understand how these features influence Caribbean Sea TCs. To pursue the main research goal, first, the upper ocean structure of a large anticyclonic eddy and its surrounding …
Toward Understanding Law And Exploration: Citizen Science, Technology And Regulation, Annie Brett
Toward Understanding Law And Exploration: Citizen Science, Technology And Regulation, Annie Brett
Open Access Dissertations
This dissertation consists of a series of case studies that explore the relationship between law and scientific exploration, focusing on how these fields interact to co-create emerging methods of collecting baseline environmental data. Chapter 1 situates this work in the larger methodological contexts of Science, Technology, and Society (STS) and legal studies of scientific evidence, integrating these two approaches to form the theoretical framework for this dissertation as a whole. Chapter 2 introduces the intertwined relationship between law and exploration, arguing that analyzing these fields together brings new insight on both sides and addressing the key features that define this …
How Parental Roles Affect The Development Of Caribbean College Students, Seanteé C. Campbell
How Parental Roles Affect The Development Of Caribbean College Students, Seanteé C. Campbell
Open Access Dissertations
The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate how parental roles affect the development of Caribbean college students in the United States. Five student development theories informed the framework for this study: Chickering and Reisser’s Seven Vectors of Development, Phinney’s Model of Ethnic Identity Development, Baxter Magolda’s Theory of Self-Authorship, Diana Baumrind’s Prototypical Descriptions of Four Parenting Styles, and the theory of emerging adulthood. Data were collected using a one-on-one, semi-structured interview format designed to assess student perceptions of their development in college and their relationship with parents. Interviews were conducted via phone, FaceTime, AudioTime and Skype interviews. Thematic …
A Trust Management Framework For Decision Support Systems, Yefeng Ruan
A Trust Management Framework For Decision Support Systems, Yefeng Ruan
Open Access Dissertations
In the era of information explosion, it is critical to develop a framework which can extract useful information and help people to make “educated” decisions. In our lives, whether we are aware of it, trust has turned out to be very helpful for us to make decisions. At the same time, cognitive trust, especially in large systems, such as Facebook, Twitter, and so on, needs support from computer systems. Therefore, we need a framework that can effectively, but also intuitively, let people express their trust, and enable the system to automatically and securely summarize the massive amounts of trust information, …