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Endogenous And Exogenous Estrogens On Biochemical And Performance Indicators Of Exercise Induced Muscle Damage In Users And Non-Users Of Oral Contraceptives, Emily White Flanagan
Endogenous And Exogenous Estrogens On Biochemical And Performance Indicators Of Exercise Induced Muscle Damage In Users And Non-Users Of Oral Contraceptives, Emily White Flanagan
Open Access Dissertations
It has been proposed that endogenous estrogens may protect skeletal muscle integrity and promote the repair and recovery process after acute muscle damage. The purpose of this study was to examine both biochemical and performance indices of exercise-induced muscle damage (EiMD) across menstrual cycle phases and compare oral contraceptive pill users (OCP) and eumenorrheic non-users (EUC). A total of 12 women (5 EUC; 7 OCP) underwent a prolonged eccentric running EiMD protocol and were evaluated for biochemical markers of skeletal muscle damage including creatine kinase (CK), C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and myoglobin (MgB) as well as performance markers including strength, range …
Ocular Photosensitivity Analyzer: An Automated Instrument Designed To Determine Visual Photosensitivity Thresholds, Mariela Caridad Aguilar
Ocular Photosensitivity Analyzer: An Automated Instrument Designed To Determine Visual Photosensitivity Thresholds, Mariela Caridad Aguilar
Open Access Dissertations
Photophobia, also called visual photosensitivity is a debilitating symptom and is commonly associated with numerous ophthalmic and neurological pathologies including achromatopsia, dry eye, and traumatic brain injury. The Ocular Photosensitivity Analyzer (OPA), a new automated instrument utilized to quantify the visual photosensitivity thresholds (VPT) in healthy and light sensitive subjects, is described. The Ocular Photosensitivity Analyzer generates light stimuli of varying intensities utilizing unequal ascending and descending steps to yield the visual photosensitivity threshold. Catch trials were integrated within the OPA psychophysical testing paradigm as a performance metric to measure the response reliability of the subject during the OPA VPT …
Photoswitchable Materials For Catalytic Modulation Of Nanoparticles, Randy L. Lawrence
Photoswitchable Materials For Catalytic Modulation Of Nanoparticles, Randy L. Lawrence
Open Access Dissertations
The incorporation of photoswitchable molecules, specifically azobenzene, into the passivating ligands along nanoparticle (NP) interfaces can allow for the modulation of catalytic response by means of optical irradiation. These results are apparent in metallic nanoparticles passivated with peptide ligands that have been functionalized with an azobenzene photoswitch. By passivating particles with this peptide-photoswitch hybrid, the catalytic response of such materials changed according to the isomerization state of the photoswitch, i.e. trans or cis, which is easily triggered with specific wavelength of light. Presented in this dissertation are different applications of such reconfigurable ligands with nanomaterials in order to ascertain how …
Winded: Creating A Set Of Parameters To Assess The Effectiveness Of Popular Breathing Exercises In Asthmatic Wind Instrumentalists, Steven Joseph Eckert
Winded: Creating A Set Of Parameters To Assess The Effectiveness Of Popular Breathing Exercises In Asthmatic Wind Instrumentalists, Steven Joseph Eckert
Open Access Dissertations
The aim of this study is to develop an understanding of the effects on the respiratory system caused by breathing exercises popular among musicians and to definitively classify which exercises are helpful or hurtful to the asthmatic wind instrumentalist in order that s/he may cope with the difficulties of performing with the breathing disorder. First the identification of breathing exercises most frequently used by wind instrumentalists was necessary to broaden the definition of breathing pedagogy for musicians from all families of woodwind and brass instruments. This was assessed by way of a voluntary pilot survey in which participants indicated the …
Developing Water Quality Policies: Assessing Natural Environmental Characteristics And Anthropogenic Impact On Microbiological Water Quality At Recreational Beaches, Elizabeth Anne Kelly
Developing Water Quality Policies: Assessing Natural Environmental Characteristics And Anthropogenic Impact On Microbiological Water Quality At Recreational Beaches, Elizabeth Anne Kelly
Open Access Dissertations
Factors that control water quality at recreational beaches are complex and generally poorly understood. This has led to a gap in policies written to address water quality. The objectives of the current study were to evaluate beach management and beach geomorphology, the influence of infrastructure improvements, and the role of unregulated nutrient inputs on recreational beach water quality, in an effort to inform decisions made by policy-makers. To evaluate these objectives three studies were conducted. These included 1) a study of beach management policies and fecal indicator bacteria (FIB)s to evaluate whether beaches characterized by a set of management policies …
Carbon Dots: From Lab Synthesis To Unique Applications, Yiqun Zhou
Carbon Dots: From Lab Synthesis To Unique Applications, Yiqun Zhou
Open Access Dissertations
Carbon dots (CDs) have joined the research of carbon-based nanoparticles since 2004. Upon the discovery of carbon dots, CDs were observed to be photoluminescent and small in size (1-10 m). The subsequent broad studies gradually reveal the potential values of CDs. Firstly, CDs have been synthesized with numerous carbon-based precursors including both classic and novel starting materials by various techniques. In this thesis, I will mainly introduce the development of three types of CDs (black CDs, gel-like CDs and orange CDs). Then, considering the lack of careful discussion of purification procedure in many present literatures, I have systematically studied the …
Design Of Random And Stationary Sources And Media For Structuring Light On Propagation And Scattering, Jia Li
Open Access Dissertations
The dissertation incorporates a series of investigations relating to the design of coherence states for stationary, random sources, and correlation functions of spatially random, stationary media, for modulation of far fields radiated or scattered from them to the far zone, and, hence, for structuring of any observable statistical properties. In particular, we reveal how the coherence states of sources affect their far-zone radiated properties, including the spectral density, the scintillation index, and the intensity correlation function. Furthermore, we also present results that address how the spatial structuring of the refractive index correlation function of a three-dimensional (3D) medium influences the …
Extension Problem For Flexible Varieties, David Udumyan
Extension Problem For Flexible Varieties, David Udumyan
Open Access Dissertations
We consider n - dimensional, with n greater or equal to 4, flexible quasi-affine varieties X, that are varieties on which the group generated by all one-parameter unipotent subgroups of Aut(X) acts transitively. We prove that for any subvariety Y of X, isomorphic to a line, every SL(n) - automorphism of the normal bundle of Y is induced by a global automorphism of X. We also extend this result also to automorphisms of jet bundles on Y.
Novel Nanocomposites For The Treatment Of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria In Water – Antibacterial Effects And Mechanisms, Soyoung Baek
Novel Nanocomposites For The Treatment Of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria In Water – Antibacterial Effects And Mechanisms, Soyoung Baek
Open Access Dissertations
Recently, the presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in water is a major concern worldwide due to its adverse health effects. Conventional disinfection technologies, such as ultraviolet, ozone, and chlorine disinfection are currently used to inactivate antibiotic-resistant bacteria in water. Conventional disinfection technologies not only produce byproducts but also selectively promote the survival of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Nanoparticles (NPs), even in a small amounts, have potential benefits as novel materials in terms of inactivating pathogenic bacteria due to their strong antibacterial effect. However, because of issues pertaining to leaching, mobility, and the cost of NPs, their applications for water treatment have not been …
Beyond The Standard Singing Languages: Incorporating Czech Art Song Into The Collegiate Voice Studio, Lauren Elizabeth Hartman
Beyond The Standard Singing Languages: Incorporating Czech Art Song Into The Collegiate Voice Studio, Lauren Elizabeth Hartman
Open Access Dissertations
The standard singing languages for the average American collegiate singer often consist of English, German, French, and Italian. These languages contain some of the most frequently performed vocal repertoire used to develop and teach young singers. However, using recently published resources, teachers can expand their students’ repertoire choices to other languages, such as Czech. Compelling reasons for including Czech art song repertoire in the voice studio are (1) the similarities between the International Phonetic Alphabet symbols of the standard singing languages and Czech phonetics, and (2) the musical and stylistic similarities between nineteenth century Czech art song and other nineteenth …
Causal Inference Approaches For Understanding The Social Determinants Of Substance Abuse And Depression In The 21st Century: The Opioid Epidemic And The Great Recession, Samuel L. Swift
Open Access Dissertations
The great recession and the opioid epidemic are two defining public health events of the 21st century. Within the context of these two events, the 21st century has been marked by increases in mortality due to suicide, alcohol misuse, and drug overdose among Americans, and especially among white Americans, warranting further epidemiological investigation. For example, in recent years a black-white disparity in opioid pain reliever (OPR) misuse has emerged such that white Americans are more likely to suffer opioid overdoses or opioid related hospitalizations than black Americans. There is evidence to support that much of the opioid epidemic is related …
Extremes In Complex Systems, Minzhang Zheng
Extremes In Complex Systems, Minzhang Zheng
Open Access Dissertations
This dissertation focuses on extreme behavior in complex systems. Extreme events are an emergent property of many complex, nonlinear systems in which various interdependent components and their interaction lead to a competition between organized (interaction dominated) and irregular (fluctuation dominated) behavior. In this work we investigated several aspects of extreme events in pro-ISIS online social network system and the subsecond financial exchange market. We started by uncovering an ultrafast ecology driving the online support, featuring self-organized aggregates whose evolution exhibits novel adaptive mechanisms in response to external pressure. Then we investigated the anomalous contagion, we provided and analyzed a simple, …
Random Phase Modulation Of Stationary Light Fields With Applications In Biophotonics, Xi Chen
Random Phase Modulation Of Stationary Light Fields With Applications In Biophotonics, Xi Chen
Open Access Dissertations
Light modulation is a vital component in optical communications, imaging and sensing systems. It imparts information on the optical wave carriers and establishes the reliability of the communication links. In imaging systems, a modulated light source has the potential in exceeding the diffraction limit and achieving better contrast in images. Improving the performance of light modulating devices such as Spatial Light Modulators (SLMs), multiplexers, couplers and polarization controllers can substantially benefit optical sensing and signal processing. Phase modulation of light, as an important format of light modulation, has gained appreciably more attention than its amplitude modulation due to its remarkable …
Data From Non-Musical Material As Spectral Compositional Resources, As Utilized In The Orchestral Work, Hello Universe, Anruo Cheng
Open Access Dissertations
Hello Universe is a chamber orchestra piece in three movements: “One Small Step for Man”, “Ad astra”, and “Hello Universe.” It was inspired by and celebrates the decades of humanity’s exploration of the universe since the first US Apollo 11 mission landed on the Moon in 1969. The topics of the three movements are: humankind’s first moon landing; the sounds of outer space; and communication between humanity and extraterrestrial lifeforms. My compositional process includes raw material collection, non- musical data mining, translation from non-musical data to musical materials, and applying those materials in orchestral music composition. In this work, I …
Current Views On Teacher Word Choice In American College Flute Lessons, Hannah Christine Weiss
Current Views On Teacher Word Choice In American College Flute Lessons, Hannah Christine Weiss
Open Access Dissertations
The purpose of this study is to explore the factors that influence a teacher’s word choice in American private college-level flute lessons. Most of the research that has been conducted on music instruction focuses on technical methods for the purpose of enhancing curricula. Some research exists which explores the more psychological side of teaching and learning; however, the research that studies the private music lesson often seeks to understand either the teacher-student relationship through the eyes of students, or to understand music teacher perceptions on the ways in which their teaching informs their performing. While many studies and publications indirectly …
Creditor Rights And Accounting Quality: Evidence From A Natural Experiment, Siddharth M. Bhambhwani
Creditor Rights And Accounting Quality: Evidence From A Natural Experiment, Siddharth M. Bhambhwani
Open Access Dissertations
I investigate whether increases in creditor rights affect borrowers’ accounting quality. I hypothesize that creditors monitor borrowers’ financial statements to a greater extent when they have stronger enforcement rights, which induces increases in borrowers’ accounting quality. Exploiting a landmark reform that increased secured creditor enforcement rights, I find that borrowers with high levels of secured debt (i.e., treated borrowers) increased accounting quality following passage of the reform. The accounting quality improvements are driven by a tightening of working capital. These improvements subsequently lower the cost of debt for borrowers. The effect of creditor rights on borrowers’ accounting quality is stronger …
Religion And The Psychology Of Coalitions, Joseph Billingsley
Religion And The Psychology Of Coalitions, Joseph Billingsley
Open Access Dissertations
Recent psychological research supports the existence of a suite of cognitive adaptations that function to detect alliances. This mechanism (1) monitors the social environment for cues that sets of individuals are predisposed to affiliate with one another, (2) categorizes these individuals as members of the same coalition, and (3) uses these categories to guide behavior. Empirical tests of the alliance detection hypothesis support a key claim that racial categorization, long believed to be stable and inflexible, is a by-product of the alliance detection mechanism, such that categorization by race is reduced in the presence of coalitional cues uncorrelated with race. …
Wives Writing Privacy, 1640-1670, Lauren Mamolite
Wives Writing Privacy, 1640-1670, Lauren Mamolite
Open Access Dissertations
Wives Writing Privacy, 1640-1670 investigates how seventeenth-century women writers imagine novel, yet appropriate, forms of publicly constitutive privacy for married women, including retirement, exchanging gifts with female friends, and occupying roles as collaborative producers of culture. Anne Bradstreet, Katherine Philips, and Margaret Cavendish depict women who experiment with forms of privacy different than those considered proper for femes covert or assumed potential wives to adopt. Instead, they use the rhetoric of household labor, chastity, modesty, discipline, and friendship to insist that these innovative forms of wifely privacy legitimize wives’ public authority. Wives’ publicly generative wifely privacy is presented as parallel …
The Political Ecology Of Conservation And Development In Galapagos - Sustainability Between The Global And The Local, Johann Besserer
The Political Ecology Of Conservation And Development In Galapagos - Sustainability Between The Global And The Local, Johann Besserer
Open Access Dissertations
Globalization and the demands of human population growth in Galapagos are driving consumption of natural resources, and environmental governance is occurring in an increasingly complex social and cultural setting as global influences meet local perceptions and concepts. This dissertation uses a Political Ecology framework to conduct a multi-method analysis of the shifting and confluent multi-political-level issues that underlie conservation in Galapagos, influenced by global and local conceptualizations. The analysis was conducted through a Globalization-critical lens that posits that structural disadvantages in the Global South result in resentments in local society against real and/or perceived neoliberal exploitation by foreign agents. This …
A Translational Approach To Enzyme-Mediated Retinal Lipofuscin Removal For Atrophic Age-Related Macular Degeneration And Stargardt's Disease, Kelsey James Moody
A Translational Approach To Enzyme-Mediated Retinal Lipofuscin Removal For Atrophic Age-Related Macular Degeneration And Stargardt's Disease, Kelsey James Moody
Open Access Dissertations
Despite significant resource expenditures and decades of focused research, chronic age-associated diseases have not been met with improvements in patient outcomes that reflect the successes against infectious disease over the last century. This observation calls into question contention approaches to drug discovery for diseases of aging, and more importantly, their molecular targets. Herein, the strategies for engineered negligible senescence (SENS) framework for drug discovery -- an approach to treating aging broadly based on damage mitigation -- is presented. A translational program for age-related macular degeneration is detailed as illustration of this approach. Collectively, this work validates the academic and commercial …
Refugee Women And Employment: A Grounded Theory Study, Miryam Haarlammert
Refugee Women And Employment: A Grounded Theory Study, Miryam Haarlammert
Open Access Dissertations
This grounded theory project focused on developing an initial understanding about the experiences of refugee women who are currently or who have in the past received employment services when making employment decisions once resettled in the United States. Interviews with 11 refugee women from Latin American countries living in Miami, Florida and one refugee resettlement service provider revealed that before women engaged in formal job-seeking activities that they were already “doing the work” of learning how to live life in a new country while taking care of themselves and of their families. The women focused on finding housing, dealing with …
Comparison Of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using Quadriceps Autograft Versus Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Autograft On Neuromuscular Activity Of The Quadriceps And Gait Biomechanics, Michael Isaac Letter
Comparison Of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using Quadriceps Autograft Versus Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Autograft On Neuromuscular Activity Of The Quadriceps And Gait Biomechanics, Michael Isaac Letter
Open Access Dissertations
Quadriceps tendon autografts (QT) are increasingly popular as a primary graft choice for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR); yet no study has compared QT and bone-patellar tendon-bone autograft (BTB) superficial quadriceps neuromuscular activity levels during gait and isometric strength testing. The objective of this study was to determine if harvesting the central portion of the QT will alter gait biomechanics and RF firing patterns during gait and an isometric maximum voluntary contraction (MVC). Thirty-four subjects (18-40 y), who underwent ACLR using BTB (n=17) or QT (n=17) at a single institution, and seventeen healthy age-matched controls (C) participated. Subjects had no …
A Population Neuroscience Approach For Analyzing Regional Structural Brain Mri Data In Cognitive Aging, Michelle R. Caunca
A Population Neuroscience Approach For Analyzing Regional Structural Brain Mri Data In Cognitive Aging, Michelle R. Caunca
Open Access Dissertations
As the number of older adults increases in the US over the next few decades, the racial and ethnic diversity of the older adult population is also expected to increase. As such, the burden of age-related cognitive impairment in racial and ethnic minorities is an urgent public health priority. Though the most common form of dementia is Alzheimer’s disease, cerebral small vessel disease resulting from cumulative vascular risk factor burden often co-exists with neurodegenerative pathology and brain atrophy. Both brain atrophy and cerebrovascular damage can be imaged in vivo with structural brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Global MRI-derived markers of …
Geometrical Actions On Tubelike Submanifolds And Topological Defects In Anti De Sitter Space, Matthew Haddad
Geometrical Actions On Tubelike Submanifolds And Topological Defects In Anti De Sitter Space, Matthew Haddad
Open Access Dissertations
In physical theories where the energy (action) is localized near a submanifold of a constant curvature space, there is a universal expression for the energy (or the action). One can derive a multipole expansion for the energy that has a finite number of terms, and depends on intrinsic geometric invariants of the submanifold and extrinsic invariants of the embedding of the submanifold. Chapter 2 expands upon prior work in an attempt try to develop a theory of emergent gravity arising from the embedding of a submanifold into an ambient space equipped with a quantum field theory. The theoretical method presented …
Can Studies Of Trait Altruism Be Trusted?, William H.B. Mcauliffe
Can Studies Of Trait Altruism Be Trusted?, William H.B. Mcauliffe
Open Access Dissertations
Studies using the self-report altruism scale (SRA) to measure trait altruism have found that altruism is uncorrelated with antisocial motives and positively correlated with being female and number of sex partners. However, it is unknown whether the SRA scale meets basic psychometric standards, such as unidimensionality. The act-frequency format of the SRA likely undermines its ability to isolate any one motive for behaving prosocially. In a pilot study (N =276), factor analysis indicated that the SRA contains dimensions related to the performance of favors (Factor 1), charitable giving (Factor 2), and politeness among strangers (Factor 3). Factor 2 predicted laboratory …
A Pedagogical Guide And Musical Analysis For Training Young Female Voices Using Ten Songs Of Pauline Viardot Garcia, Stephannie Moore
A Pedagogical Guide And Musical Analysis For Training Young Female Voices Using Ten Songs Of Pauline Viardot Garcia, Stephannie Moore
Open Access Dissertations
French classical vocal music is often underrepresented in the training of beginning singers. This essay is an instructional guide, using ten French songs composed by Pauline Viardot that are suitable for introducing French repertoire to young female voices. Pauline Viardot was an accomplished singer, teacher and composer, writing approximately 450 pieces of music including 100 art songs. Much of her work is unknown. For each song included in this project, historical context is provided as well as a complete translation of the text. Pedagogical and performance-related analyses are given, focusing upon topics related to technical development, musicianship and interpretative ideas …
The Impact Of Total Caloric And Macronutrient Consumption On Strength And Power During An Off-Season Training Program In Collegiate Volleyball Players., Yvette Figueroa
The Impact Of Total Caloric And Macronutrient Consumption On Strength And Power During An Off-Season Training Program In Collegiate Volleyball Players., Yvette Figueroa
Open Access Dissertations
Adequate caloric and carbohydrate intakes are necessary for positive adaptations to exercise training, yet there is limited research examining dietary intake in relation to strength and power in female athletes. The purpose of this study was to determine 1) whether there were significant changes in weekly total caloric and macronutrient consumption, strength, and power, and 2) whether total caloric and macronutrient consumption significantly and positively contributed to changes in strength and power across a controlled eight-week, off-season resistance training program. Eleven collegiate-level female volleyball players were examined on macronutrient consumption, strength, and power at two-week intervals using three-day food logs, …
Novel Measures Of Inspiratory Muscle Function In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Assessment And Training Implications, Magno F. Formiga
Novel Measures Of Inspiratory Muscle Function In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Assessment And Training Implications, Magno F. Formiga
Open Access Dissertations
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The vast COPD symptomatology and features are usually accompanied by weakness and deconditioning of the respiratory muscles, with particular impairment described in strength and endurance of the musculature involved with inspiration. Several local and systemic mechanisms contribute to an imbalance between the load placed on the inspiratory muscle pump and its capacity in COPD. Inspiratory muscle dysfunction is independently associated with dyspnea, poorer functional capacity and decreased health-related quality of life in this population. This dissertation aimed at evaluating a novel inspiratory muscle assessment and training …
Optimal Approach To Load Progressions During Strength Training In Older Adults: An Intent-To Treat Study, Andrew Buskard
Optimal Approach To Load Progressions During Strength Training In Older Adults: An Intent-To Treat Study, Andrew Buskard
Open Access Dissertations
Progressive resistance training (RT) is one of the most effective interventions for reducing age-related deficits in muscle mass and functional capacity. Researchers agree on the need for older adults' RT to progress at an appropriate speed, however, no consensus currently exists as to the best way to achieve this. PURPOSE To compare three common (and one novel-but-promising) progression models under an intent-to treat approach to determine if an optimal progression method exists for use in RT for older adults. METHODS: 82 healthy community-dwelling older adults (71.8 + 6.2 y) performed 11 weeks of structured RT (2.5 days/week) including a common …
Influences Of Amino Acids And Peptide Mutations On Material Morphology And Catalysis, Catherine Munro
Influences Of Amino Acids And Peptide Mutations On Material Morphology And Catalysis, Catherine Munro
Open Access Dissertations
Biomolecules and their conjugates have become widely used templates in the synthesis of metal and metal oxide materials with exact morphologies and enhanced functionalities. Among the many biomolecule options, peptides are short conjugated amino acid chains with inherent material recognition properties that are easy to modify and study. While the current use of biomolecules as templates for material synthesis in the presence of exogenous reducing agents has led to great advancements in biomediated materials and expanding the understanding of the biotic/abiotic interface, additional steps can still be taken so that these biomolecules can not only act as a material morphology …