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The Language Of Bullying And Its Impact On Physical Health, Elena Vladimirovna Chudnovskaya
The Language Of Bullying And Its Impact On Physical Health, Elena Vladimirovna Chudnovskaya
Open Access Dissertations
Bullying is recognized as a destructive phenomenon by most people who encounter this type of behavior. Bullying attracts public attention because of its negative impact on the victims in various settings. Although bullying is widely associated with interpersonal and social issues among children, this problem also occurs in universities and the workplace. Victims of different ages, whether they are schoolchildren, college students, or professionals experience mental and physiological problems, including stress, depression, and anxiety. In some extreme cases, the targets of bullying commit suicide, or vent their stress and frustration through public violence. Therefore, it was important to gain a …
Mems Scale Cmos Compatible Energy Harvesters Using Piezoelectric Polymers For Sustainable Electronics, Alperen Toprak
Mems Scale Cmos Compatible Energy Harvesters Using Piezoelectric Polymers For Sustainable Electronics, Alperen Toprak
Open Access Dissertations
The field of microelectronics had a remarkable progress since its beginnings in 1960s, which led to the advent of myriad new electronic devices that found widespread usage in daily life. Continuous advances in CMOS and MEMS technologies reduced the cost, size, weight, and power requirements of these devices, enabling the realization of distributed systems such as wireless sensor networks. However, due to much slower pace of innovation, currently available battery technologies continue to dictate the size, weight and cost of these systems. There are further concerns brought by the batteries regarding the environmental effects or feasibility of dead battery replacement …
The Trajectory Of Sedentary Behavior From Adolescence To Emerging Adulthood, Marissa D. Alert
The Trajectory Of Sedentary Behavior From Adolescence To Emerging Adulthood, Marissa D. Alert
Open Access Dissertations
US adolescents spend up to 8 hours daily in screen time. Efforts to reduce sedentary time have often focused on identifying its correlates. However, little is known about the trajectory of adolescents’ screen time or factors that predict it. This study examined change in screen time from age 13 to 23 and its predictors in a representative US sample. Adolescents (N = 3,705; 46.3% boys) from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health’s public-use data self-reported their screen time (hours/week watching TV and videos, and playing video/computer games) in 1994, 1996, 2001 and 2008. Piecewise latent growth models …
Assessing Actions And Feelings Related To Multidimensional Well-Being: Validation Of The I Coppe Actions And Feelings Scales, Carolyn L. Rubenstein
Assessing Actions And Feelings Related To Multidimensional Well-Being: Validation Of The I Coppe Actions And Feelings Scales, Carolyn L. Rubenstein
Open Access Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to validate two new scales on actions and feelings for well-being in key areas of life. The I COPPE Actions Scale and the I COPPE Feelings Scale measure Interpersonal, Community, Occupational, Physical, Psychological, and Economic (I COPPE) well-being. A total of 478 University of Miami employees provided online responses to the I COPPE Actions and Feelings Scales. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to examine the a priori hypothesized correlated six-factor structure for responses to the I COPPE Actions and Feelings Scales. Multiple group confirmatory factor analysis was used to evaluate measurement invariance across gender …
Utilization Of Genomics For Risk Assessment And Molecular Subtyping To Improve Treatment Strategy In Breast Cancer, Lisa Eileen Blumencranz
Utilization Of Genomics For Risk Assessment And Molecular Subtyping To Improve Treatment Strategy In Breast Cancer, Lisa Eileen Blumencranz
Open Access Dissertations
Death from breast cancer began a decline in the 1990’s. One widely accepted reason for this reduction was the discovery that breast cancer can be uniquely defined at the molecular level by oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes including, but not limited to, EGFR, AKT, ErbB2, PI3K, TP53, BRCA1/2, and PTEN. These genes and potential mutations within, can drive constitutive activation of aberrant signaling that can induce and sustain tumorigenesis. More importantly, these genes represent new avenues for possible markers and therapies. In the wake of this molecular biology discovery, there was an influx of new breast cancer treatments to the …
The Structure Of Vertical Wind Shear In Tropical Cyclone Environments: Implications For Forecasting And Predictability, Peter M. Finocchio
The Structure Of Vertical Wind Shear In Tropical Cyclone Environments: Implications For Forecasting And Predictability, Peter M. Finocchio
Open Access Dissertations
The vertical wind shear measured between 200 and 850 hPa is commonly used to diagnose environmental interactions with a tropical cyclone (TC) and to forecast the storm's intensity and structural evolution. More often than not, stronger vertical shear within this deep layer prohibits the intensification of TCs and leads to predictable asymmetries in precipitation. But such bulk measures of vertical wind shear can occasionally mislead the forecaster. In the first part of this dissertation, we use a series of idealized numerical simulations to examine how a TC responds to changing the structure of unidirectional vertical wind shear while fixing the …
On Statistical Solutions Of Evolution Equations, Jorge Eduardo Cardona
On Statistical Solutions Of Evolution Equations, Jorge Eduardo Cardona
Open Access Dissertations
I study different types of statistical solutions (Hopf, Foias , Vishik-Fursikov) for nonlinear evolution equations. As a test equation, I use the nonlinear Schrödinger equation with power-like nonlinearity in the case where the proofs of uniqueness are not available. When there is no uniqueness in the original equation, statistical solutions are not unique. For autonomous differential equations, there is a formal semigroup property. I propose to look for statistical solutions with an analogous property. For statistical solutions, this should be the homogeneous Markov property. I call such solutions Markov statistical solutions. The proofs of the existence of the Markov statistical …
Histone Modification Chip-Seq Algorithm Engineering And High Performance Bioinformatics Graphics And Analysis Software For Computational Epigenetics, Bohdan Bohdanovich Khomtchouk
Histone Modification Chip-Seq Algorithm Engineering And High Performance Bioinformatics Graphics And Analysis Software For Computational Epigenetics, Bohdan Bohdanovich Khomtchouk
Open Access Dissertations
Novel algorithm design, implementation, and optimization in histone modification ChIP-seq analysis of broad chromatin mark data is the subject of part I of this dissertation, focusing on data-driven precision medicine computational strategies for mapping ChIP-seq peaks to genomic features (and biological function) as well as coverage island analysis of low-sample size ChIP-seq experiments within individual biological replicates. Part II of this dissertation focuses on novel algorithm design, implementation, and analysis of high performance visualization techniques for histone modification ChIP-seq data using static and interactive biological gene expression heatmaps.
Apoptosis And Atherosclerosis: From Modeling Sudden Cardiac Death To Bioluminescence-Based Detection Of Programmed Cell Death, Trajen Rex Head
Apoptosis And Atherosclerosis: From Modeling Sudden Cardiac Death To Bioluminescence-Based Detection Of Programmed Cell Death, Trajen Rex Head
Open Access Dissertations
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality globally, responsible for over 17.3 million deaths annually (~31% of all deaths). Over the next decade, this value is projected to increase, surpassing 23.6 million annual deaths by 2030. The vast majority of these deaths are caused by complications resulting from progressive thickening of the arterial wall, and the formation and growth of arterial plaques within the vessel lumen. Subsequent plaque rupture may potentially lead to blood clot (thrombus) formation. The combined effect of these processes is the reduction of vessel diameter (stenosis) and subsequent reduction in blood flow (ischemia), while …
Integrated Reading-Writing Instruction For Elementary School Emergent Bilingual Students, Irina Malova
Integrated Reading-Writing Instruction For Elementary School Emergent Bilingual Students, Irina Malova
Open Access Dissertations
This comparative case study investigated integrated reading-writing instruction (IRWI) as an approach for writing instruction implemented after the adoption of Common Core State Standards (NGA & CCSSO, 2010a). Specifically, I explored the nature of IRWI through video-recorded observations of writing instruction, teachers’ perspectives towards this approach, and features of critical knowledge (Fitzgerald & Shanahan, 2000) utilized by five teachers in five fourth grade English Language Arts classrooms with emergent bilingual students. This study was guided by the following three research questions: 1) What is the nature of integrated reading-writing instruction in 4th grade ELA classrooms with emergent bilingual students? 2) …
Is Social Media Worth The Investment? Seeking Relationship Between Social-Mediated Stakeholder Engagement And Nonprofit Public Donation, Yi Ji
Open Access Dissertations
This dissertation examined the association between social media-based stakeholder engagement and organization financial performance in the nonprofit sector. Two studies were designed. Study 1 was employed with “Big Data” approaches. Using Ordinary Least Square estimation method with lagged variables, it modeled nine-year longitudinal social media and financial panel data from the largest 100 nonprofit organizations (NPOs) in the United States. Results offered a nine-year overview of NPOs presence and stakeholder engagement with them on Facebook. Findings from hypotheses tested suggested that not all stakeholder engagements were significant predicators for NPO donations. Only liking and commenting engagement behaviors were positively associated …
Disentangling The Effects Of Abusive Supervision On Employee Creativity: The Role Of Affect, Mindfulness, And Team Conflict, Yuanmei Qu
Open Access Dissertations
This dissertation explores how to attenuate the negative influence of team abusive supervision on followers’ creativity. First, it is not feasible to interfere with these negative impacts without the knowledge of the underlying processes. Essay 1 unravels how team abusive supervision gradually leads to followers’ creativity from a team process perspective by identifying team state mindfulness, team state negative affect, team task conflict, and team relationship conflict as critical mechanisms. Using a time-lagged multilevel field study of 92 teams, I found that abusive supervision aggravated relationship conflict via diminishing mindfulness levels in employees, and that abusive supervision exacerbated task conflict …
Parkinson Disease Related Phenotypes And Gene Expression Modeled In Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells, Kinsley Belle
Parkinson Disease Related Phenotypes And Gene Expression Modeled In Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells, Kinsley Belle
Open Access Dissertations
Parkinson disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra. Parkinson disease related variants have been identified in many different genes, and the products of these genes are involved in autophagy, mitochondria and cell stability pathways. However, these identified variants are responsible for only 15% of PD cases, with the bulk of these cases being idiopathic PD. While genes do play a role, the most important risk factor in PD is age. Though the average age of onset for PD is 62, early onset forms of PD have been diagnosed in patients …
Assessing The Conserved Behavior Of Dissolved Organic Carbon In The Deep Ocean, Sarah Kathryn Jirikowic Bercovici
Assessing The Conserved Behavior Of Dissolved Organic Carbon In The Deep Ocean, Sarah Kathryn Jirikowic Bercovici
Open Access Dissertations
The global ocean contains a massive reservoir (662±32 Pg C) of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and its dynamics, particularly in the deepest zones, are only slowly being understood. DOC in the deep ocean is ubiquitously low in concentration (~35 to 48 μmol kg-1) and aged (4000 to 6000 years), persisting for multiple meridional overturning circulation cycles. Deep waters relatively enriched in DOC form in the North Atlantic. They migrate to the Southern Ocean (SO) to mix with waters from Antarctic shelves and the deep Pacific and Indian Oceans, in turn forming the voluminous circumpolar waters. The latter ultimately feed back …
Transport Properties In Porcine Meniscus Fibrocartilage, Kelsey L. Kleinhans
Transport Properties In Porcine Meniscus Fibrocartilage, Kelsey L. Kleinhans
Open Access Dissertations
The knee meniscus is a complex structure that has been the focus of important and extensive research for many years. The most common areas of study include meniscal structure, meniscal tears, regeneration, and the biomechanical and anatomical forces endured by the meniscus. Although much research has been done regarding these tissues, more is needed in order to fully understand the role that menisci plays in the function and pathophysiology of the human knee. The fibrocartilaginous meniscus plays an essential role in distributing the majority of the load and maintaining not only congruency, but also lubrication in the knee joint. Degeneration …
Coupled Simulation Of Indoor Airflow, Hvac, Control, And Building Envelope, Wei Tian
Coupled Simulation Of Indoor Airflow, Hvac, Control, And Building Envelope, Wei Tian
Open Access Dissertations
Nowadays people spend 90% of the time in indoor. To provide a comfortable and healthy environment for occupants, buildings consume 40% of the total energy in the world. Due to the inappropriate design of the indoor environment, the problems related to bad indoor air quality caused over $20 billion loss in the US. Then it raises a question on how to improve the indoor environment and decrease the energy consumption in the buildings. One of the strategies available is to utilize the stratified airflow distributions such as mixed mode ventilation. Previously, the coupled simulation between building energy simulation program and …
Depression And Inflammatory Changes After Cognitive-Behavioral Stress Management As Predictors Of Survival And Disease Recurrence In Women With Non-Metastatic Breast Cancer, Laura C. Bouchard
Open Access Dissertations
Both depression and inflammation are independently associated with breast cancer health outcomes, and multiple studies have shown that depression and inflammatory markers may be linked among women with breast cancer. Studies of cognitive-behavioral based psychosocial interventions have found beneficial intervention effects on time to survival and recurrence in breast cancer patients. However, the mechanisms through which interventions affect clinical health outcomes are less understood. It has been suggested that psychosocial interventions may affect long-term breast cancer clinical disease endpoints via effects on immune and inflammatory processes, but more research is necessary to explore these relationships. The current study examined the …
Examining An Executive Functioning And Bilingual Advantage Among Latino Dll Children In Head Start: A Strength-Based Approach, Lisa J. White
Examining An Executive Functioning And Bilingual Advantage Among Latino Dll Children In Head Start: A Strength-Based Approach, Lisa J. White
Open Access Dissertations
Young Spanish-speaking Latinos in the U.S., most of whom are from low-income backgrounds, perform below their English-speaking peers at kindergarten entry. This achievement gap is concerning considering the rising number of Latino children in the U.S. living in poverty. Despite this risk, a large body of research highlights the positive effects of learning two languages. Latino DLLs attending Head Start, compared to their monolingual peers, were recently found to have higher executive functioning (EF), a set of domain-general cognitive skills that robustly predict academic achievement. This emerging evidence is encouraging, however, there is still a lack of research on how …
Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management Effects On Social Well-Being, Negative Affect, And Inflammation After Surgery For Breast Cancer, Devika R. Jutagir
Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management Effects On Social Well-Being, Negative Affect, And Inflammation After Surgery For Breast Cancer, Devika R. Jutagir
Open Access Dissertations
Many women experience distress during diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer, and research suggests that satisfaction with access to social resources both decreases psychological distress and improves duration of survival after breast cancer diagnosis. However, biobehavioral mechanisms linking interpersonal processes to mental and physical health are poorly understood. Studies are also needed to elucidate whether psychosocial interventions that improve social well-being and psychological health affect biological outcomes known to promote cancer disease progression (e.g., inflammation). This study examined a subsample of 78 women enrolled in a 10-week randomized controlled trial of cognitive behavioral stress management (CBSM) at the University of …
Analytical Improvements For Assessing Dissolved Organic Carbon Concentrations And Dynamics In The Ocean, Meredith K. Jennings
Analytical Improvements For Assessing Dissolved Organic Carbon Concentrations And Dynamics In The Ocean, Meredith K. Jennings
Open Access Dissertations
Marine dissolved organic carbon (DOC) represents a large and dynamic reservoir of reduced carbon (662 x 1015g C) comparable in size to the Earth’s reservoir of atmospheric CO2. Our knowledge on the transformation and removal of DOC through various sinks and processes is often obscured by a lack of observable and quantifiable mechanisms. For example, self-assembling microgels, transitional in size between dissolved and particulate matter, have been suggested to play a key intermediary role in organic matter bioreactivity. Microgel formation is the first step in creating a particulate sink for dissolved organic matter, with up to 10% of DOC in …
Socio-Emotional Adjustment In Couples With Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Dyadic And Individual Effects Of Problem Behavior In Mothers And Fathers, Hoa Lam Schneider
Socio-Emotional Adjustment In Couples With Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Dyadic And Individual Effects Of Problem Behavior In Mothers And Fathers, Hoa Lam Schneider
Open Access Dissertations
The prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has seen a sharp rise in recent years, with as many as 1 in 68 children affected by ASD. While the impact of caring for a child with ASD is individualized and varied, the lifelong and pervasive nature of the disorder may put parents at risk for negative outcomes. Previous research with this population suggests that problem behavior associated with autism is one factor that may be related to adverse outcomes among parents. The present study aimed to elucidate the individual and dyadic experiences of parents of children with ASD using the Actor-Partner …
Sociocultural Factors That Predict Attrition From A Family Treatment For Schizophrenia, Kayla Krystal Gurak
Sociocultural Factors That Predict Attrition From A Family Treatment For Schizophrenia, Kayla Krystal Gurak
Open Access Dissertations
Attrition (or premature treatment dropout), particularly from family treatments, continues to be a poorly understood phenomenon. High attrition rates mean that patients with schizophrenia and their caregivers are not obtaining the benefits that family treatments offer (e.g., reductions in symptom severity and caregiver burden) and are also experiencing additional negative outcomes (e.g., poorer patient social functioning, poorer caregiver mental health). Although research consistently demonstrates that certain demographic factors, such as being an ethnic minority, predict greater attrition from treatment, we know little about sociocultural factors that may explain why these relationships exist. In a sample of 115 families that were …
The Role Of Negative And Positive Emotional Reactions In Hoarding Symptomatology, Ashley Marie Shaw
The Role Of Negative And Positive Emotional Reactions In Hoarding Symptomatology, Ashley Marie Shaw
Open Access Dissertations
Hoarding disorder (HD) is marked by difficulty discarding, acquisition of items, and clutter. Cognitive-behavioral theories emphasize the role of intense negative and positive emotions in maintaining hoarding behaviors. Difficulties with emotional reactivity and regulation may play a critical role in HD’s etiology and may also represent important treatment targets. Despite the strong theoretical rationale, past research on emotional reactivity and regulation in relation to hoarding has been marked by methodological limitations, including sampling design, and only two studies have examined positive emotions in HD. We conducted a multi-method examination of emotional regulation and reactivity in persons with HD, collectors, and …
Analysis Of Auditory Evoked Responses Elicited By Gaps In Noise, Khalid Alhussaini
Analysis Of Auditory Evoked Responses Elicited By Gaps In Noise, Khalid Alhussaini
Open Access Dissertations
Psychophysical detection of gaps embedded in ongoing sounds is commonly used to measure temporal resolution in hearing tests. Cortical auditory responses to such gaps in noise are investigated as electrophysiological assessment of temporal resolution. This study was conducted to investigate the characteristics of auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) to gaps in broadband noise. Transient responses such as Auditory Brainstem (ABR), Middle Latency (MLR) and Late latency (LLR) were recorded as well as 40Hz Auditory Steady-State Responses (ASSR) and Quasi ASSR generated by jittered 40Hz gaps. Gaps of short and long durations were presented at different rates to study the effect of …
Tmi: The Data-Driven Literature Of The American Renaissance, Brad Christopher Rittenhouse
Tmi: The Data-Driven Literature Of The American Renaissance, Brad Christopher Rittenhouse
Open Access Dissertations
This dissertation posits that much of the aesthetic innovation associated with the American Renaissance stemmed from a wide range of sociocultural and technological that transformed nineteenth-century America into an urban, consumerist society grappling with an ocean of print, products, and people. Reacting to these new modern landscapes, New York writers like Herman Melville and Walt Whitman produced highly anomalous texts that prioritized the aggregation, aestheticization, and transmission of unprecedented volumes of cultural data. Borrowing from and building upon the contemporary information management strategies of rationalist fields like descriptive biology, accounting, and library science, these writers in particular developed a “data-driven” …
Dna Hydroxymethylation In Non-Coding Repeat Expansion Disorders, Rustam Esanov
Dna Hydroxymethylation In Non-Coding Repeat Expansion Disorders, Rustam Esanov
Open Access Dissertations
Hexanucleotide repeat expansion in C9ORF72 gene has recently been shown to cause familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, a neurodegenerative disease caused by global death of motor neurons. The expansion leads to partial heterochromatinization of the locus, yet mutant RNAs and dipeptide repeat proteins are still produced in sufficient quantities to confer neurotoxicity. So far several research groups have identified DNA hypermethylation at C9ORF72 promoter CpG sites in a fraction of patients, but the developmental timing and the reason of its occurrence only in a subset of individuals remains unknown. In order to model the acquisition of C9ORF72 hypermethylation, we generated induced …
Adaptive Capacity And Governance Effectiveness Of Wetfish Fisheries, Stacy Elizabeth Aguilera
Adaptive Capacity And Governance Effectiveness Of Wetfish Fisheries, Stacy Elizabeth Aguilera
Open Access Dissertations
Fisheries contribute a wide variety of ecosystem services, from food provisioning to shaping community identity to bolstering local economies. The sustainability of these benefits is under threat due to global and local stressors, including climate change, rising demand for animal protein, and habitat destruction. The dynamic climate, governance, and market drivers influencing fisheries present social and ecological challenges and opportunities that form the focus of this dissertation. Examining the adaptive capacity of a fishery offers insight into diverse aspects of the system that influence outcomes, such as trends in landings, social stability, and habitat condition. Additionally, academic theories, including Ostrom’s …
Decoding Russian Foreign Policy, Dina Moulioukova
Decoding Russian Foreign Policy, Dina Moulioukova
Open Access Dissertations
The traditional notion of security in international relations theory assumes that nation-states have one driving goal in their relations with other states – their own survival. Therefore states should calculate their foreign policy decisions solely with that goal in mind. While physical security is important to states, sometimes, however, states structure their actions in materially costly ways. These actions satisfy the self-identity needs of the states. In case states avoided these actions their sense of self-identity would be radically disrupted, and such a disruption is just as important to the states as threats to their physical integrity. While physical security …
Ecology And Evolution Of Soft Song, A Complex Behavior, In Turdus Thrushes, Luis Esteban Vargas-Castro
Ecology And Evolution Of Soft Song, A Complex Behavior, In Turdus Thrushes, Luis Esteban Vargas-Castro
Open Access Dissertations
The development and evolution of low amplitude "soft song" was investigated in thrushes of the genus Turdus. Sharing of soft song was studied in the white-throated thrush (T. assimilis) and compared to sharing of broadcast song in the same species, in order to draw inferences about how both song modes are acquired. It was found that most of the song repertoires of each song mode are unique to particular white-throated thrushes, suggesting that this species relies more on invention than imitation during song development. The spatial pattern of sharing between local males differed between song modes. Broadcast song sharing peaks …
Seasonal And Momentum Balance Of The Atlantic Equatorial Undercurrent, Athanasia Papapostolou
Seasonal And Momentum Balance Of The Atlantic Equatorial Undercurrent, Athanasia Papapostolou
Open Access Dissertations
An eastward subsurface current, the Equatorial Undercurrent (EUC), is part of the equatorial oceanic circulation in all oceans: permanent in the Atlantic and Pacific and seasonally present in the Indian due to the monsoonal wind circulation. This work focuses on the seasonal variability of the Atlantic EUC that supplies the equatorial upwelling with colder, salty and nutrient-rich waters, being therefore of significant importance for the surface heat budget and primary productivity in the eastern equatorial Atlantic and the Gulf of Guinea. The present study aims to answer two major questions: (i) what is the seasonal upwelling transport in the Eastern …