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Articles 6661 - 6690 of 12807
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Constitutional Law-Eminent Domain-Destruction Of Private Property To Prevent Enemy Capture, John F. Spindler S.Ed.
Constitutional Law-Eminent Domain-Destruction Of Private Property To Prevent Enemy Capture, John F. Spindler S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Respondent oil companies owned terminal facilities in Manila at the time of the Japanese attack on the Philippines. The terminals were destroyed by the United States Army as the Japanese entered the city. Although the Army had requisitioned oil from the terminals prior to their destruction, respondents were bound by the decision of the court of claims to the effect that prior to December 27, 1941, when respondents were notified that the terminals themselves were requisitioned for the purpose of destruction, there had been no taking within the meaning of the Fifth Amendment. The court of claims allowed recovery on …
Civil Procedure-Jurisdiction-Amount In Controversy In Inferior Court Where Cause Of Action Is Split, John F. Spindler S.Ed.
Civil Procedure-Jurisdiction-Amount In Controversy In Inferior Court Where Cause Of Action Is Split, John F. Spindler S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff, a manufacturer's agent, sued his employer in the Municipal Court, Civil Division, Washington, D. C. in two separate actions to recover commissions on his contract of employment. The two actions were consolidated for trial. At the trial defendant moved to dismiss for want of jurisdiction on the ground that this was but one cause of action and, while neither of the claims individually exceeded the jurisdictional maximum, the total claimed in both suits did exceed it. The motion to dismiss was denied, and after trial, judgments were entered for plaintiff in both actions. Defendant appealed. The Municipal Court of …
Corporation-Officers And Directors-Relationship Between Cumulative Voting And Removal Provisions, John W. Hupp S.Ed.
Corporation-Officers And Directors-Relationship Between Cumulative Voting And Removal Provisions, John W. Hupp S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Respondent corporation adopted a bylaw providing for removal of a director, with or without cause, by majority vote of the stockholders. The corporation subsequently amended its charter to provide for cumulative voting at all elections of directors. At a meeting of the stockholders and directors, one director was removed without cause by majority vote of the stockholders and another director elected in his place over the objection of petitioner, a minority stockholder owning 40% of the outstanding stock. On petitioner's application to have the election set aside, held, election invalidated and set aside. Adoption of the cumulative voting provision …
Corporations-Right Of Hostile Stockholder And Director To Examinethe Books And Records Of Corporation, Charles R. Gibson S.Ed.
Corporations-Right Of Hostile Stockholder And Director To Examinethe Books And Records Of Corporation, Charles R. Gibson S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff was a minority stockholder and director in Pascal Company. She sought to inspect the books and records of the corporation relating to marketing practices, sales and customers, but was prevented from doing so by the defendant, who is the president and majority stockholder of the corporation. Plaintiff thereupon brought an action for a writ of mandamus to compel the defendant to permit such inspection. The defense was that plaintiff had a scheme to interfere with, harass and sabotage the business by contacting distributors and customers, and by making information regarding the business available to competitors. The lower court dismissed …
Constitutional Law-Equal Protection-Alien Land Law Violates Fourteenth Amendment, Sherman A. Itlaner S.Ed.
Constitutional Law-Equal Protection-Alien Land Law Violates Fourteenth Amendment, Sherman A. Itlaner S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff, an alien Japanese, appealed from a judgment declaring an escheat of land purchased by him to the state pursuant to the California Alien Land Law prohibiting aliens ineligible for citizenship from holding land. On appeal, held, reversed. The Alien Land Law is unconstitutional under the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment as an "instrument for effecting racial discrimination . . . [ with] no circumstances justifying classification on that basis." Sei Fujii v. State, 38 Cal. (2d) 718, 242 P. (2d) 617 (1952).
Negligence-Duty Of Care-Determination Of Plaintiff's Status Under Guest Statute, Donald M. Wilkinson, Jr.
Negligence-Duty Of Care-Determination Of Plaintiff's Status Under Guest Statute, Donald M. Wilkinson, Jr.
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff, a boy scout, was assisting in a paper collection for the benefit of his troop, and while so doing, was injured when he attempted to regain his position on a utility trailer attached to the assistant scoutmaster's automobile. Plaintiff brought suit against the assistant scoutmaster, alleging negligent operation of the automobile. Defendant's motion for judgment on the pleadings was granted in the lower court, but this ruling was reversed in the court of appeals. On appeal to the Supreme Court of Ohio, held, affirmed, three judges dissenting. Defendant was deemed to have been benefited by plaintiff's activities to …
Taxation-Federal Income Tax-Status Of Payment Of Corporate Liability By Stockholder Subsequent To Liquidation, George V. Burbach S.Ed.
Taxation-Federal Income Tax-Status Of Payment Of Corporate Liability By Stockholder Subsequent To Liquidation, George V. Burbach S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Petitioners, from 1937 to 1940, received distributions from the liquidation of a corporation of which they were stockholders and reported the profits thus obtained, classifying them as capital gains pursuant to I.R.C., §115. In 1944, a judgment was rendered against the corporation. Petitioners, as transferees, paid the judgment and took a deduction of 100 per cent, classifying the amount paid as an ordinary business loss. The Commissioner took a contrary position, and held the payment a capital loss. The Tax Court upheld the petitioners' contention but the court of appeals reversed. On appeal, held, affirmed, three Justices dissenting. The …
Torts-Statutory Right Of Privacy, Richard D. Rohr S.Ed.
Torts-Statutory Right Of Privacy, Richard D. Rohr S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Defendants used the name and portrayed the career of one Jack Donahue in a motion picture and exhibited this film in Utah. Plaintiffs, Donahue's heirs, brought suit under a Utah statute which creates a remedial action for the use of the "name, portrait, or picture" of a person, living or dead, "for advertising purposes or purposes of trade" without the written consent of that person or his heirs. There was no use of Donahue's name, portrait or picture for the purpose of advertising the film. The film ''biography" was in part without factual basis. The defendants contended that the late …
Real Property-Construction Of Deeds-Effect Of Phrase "And/Or Survivor" Following Names Of Grantees, Gene E. Overbeck S.Ed.
Real Property-Construction Of Deeds-Effect Of Phrase "And/Or Survivor" Following Names Of Grantees, Gene E. Overbeck S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
The receiver of a bank deeded land "to Alfred Carothers and Delarma Hackett, or survivor." Plaintiff, Hackett's grantee, brought an action for construction of the deed. On appeal, held, the deed conveyed a moiety to each for life with remainder to the survivor in fee, and neither grantee, by a conveyance during his lifetime, could cut off the contingent remainder. Rowerdink v. Carothers, 334 Mich. 454, 54 N.W. (2d) 715 (1952).
Notes, Michigan Law Review
Notes, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
The information given in the notes is derived from inspection of the books, publishers' literature, and the ordinary library sources.
Taxation-Federal Estate Tax-Use Of Actual Life Expectancy Without Reference To Actuarial Tables In Valuing Charitable Remainder, Gene E. Overbeck S.Ed.
Taxation-Federal Estate Tax-Use Of Actual Life Expectancy Without Reference To Actuarial Tables In Valuing Charitable Remainder, Gene E. Overbeck S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Decedent, Nicholas Murray Butler, died testate on December 7, 1947. He bequeathed property to trustees, directing that the income be paid to his wife, Kate, for life, and upon her death the trust to terminate and a stipulated portion of the corpus be paid to the trustees of Columbia University. Held, the facts in existence at the time of decedent's death were such as to render it certain that Kate La Montagne Butler would not live more than one year after decedent's death, hence it was proper to use that expectancy, without reference to actuarial tables, in valuing the …
Whom We Shall Welcome: Report Of The President's Commission On Immigration And Naturalization., Richard D. Rohr S.Ed.
Whom We Shall Welcome: Report Of The President's Commission On Immigration And Naturalization., Richard D. Rohr S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
A Review of WHOM WE SHALL WELCOME: REPORT OF THE PRESIDENT'S COMMISSION ON IMMIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION. Washington, D.C.: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office.
Comparative Negligence, William L. Prosser
Comparative Negligence, William L. Prosser
Michigan Law Review
It is the purpose of this article to inquire, so far as possible, into the actual operation of the damage apportionment statutes, and to offer some conclusions as to the most desirable form of act for any legislature about to set forth upon these relatively uncharted seas.
Restraints On Alienation Of Equitable Interests In Michigan Property, William F. Fratcher
Restraints On Alienation Of Equitable Interests In Michigan Property, William F. Fratcher
Michigan Law Review
In the Middle Ages a conveyance of land to a monastic corporation resulted in a serious loss of income to the feudal overlord. As such corporations never died, the overlord ceased to receive the reliefs payable on the death of a tenant and to enjoy the feudal incidents of wardship and marriage of minor heirs. Monks could not be compelled to perform military services and it was difficult or impossible to compel a monastery to perform other services incident to tenure. The twelfth and thirteenth centuries saw great expansion in monastic land holdings and consequent loss to the king and …
Clandestine Speech And The First Amendment, Wallace Mendelson
Clandestine Speech And The First Amendment, Wallace Mendelson
Michigan Law Review
In a comment" written at the conclusion of the Communist leaders' trial Professor Nathanson noted that Judge Medina's instructions required for a verdict of guilty that the jury "find only that the defendants intended to accomplish the overthrow of government 'as speedily as circumstances would permit it to be achieved.' " This, wrote Professor Nathanson, was "inconsistent with the clear-and-present-danger test as formulated by Holmes and Brandeis, unless there were other circumstances in the facts actually presented which made that test inapplicable." A major part of the balance of the comment is an attempt to refute a suggestion that clandestine, …
Front Matter, Michigan Law Review
Front Matter, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
Front Matter for Volume 51, Issue 4 of Michigan Law Review
Corporations - Stock Options - Requirements Of Consideration For Employee Options, George D. Miller, Jr. S.Ed.
Corporations - Stock Options - Requirements Of Consideration For Employee Options, George D. Miller, Jr. S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
The Delaware court, in two recent decisions, has indicated what may be an increasingly strict attitude toward employee stock options, particularly when granted to executive officers or directors. It will be the purpose of this comment to examine the significance of these decisions, and to attempt to determine the extent of the change wrought by them.
International Law-Effect Of War On Bilateral Treaties-Comparative Study, J. G. Castel
International Law-Effect Of War On Bilateral Treaties-Comparative Study, J. G. Castel
Michigan Law Review
The effect of war upon existing bilateral treaties of belligerents is one of the unsettled problems of international law. The problem is to determine whether a bilateral treaty (between nations at peace) which does not provide for the eventuality of war, will be suspended or annulled by a subsequent war between them. The idea that war is a complete destruction of the international intercourse which was represented by the treaty logically would lead to the conclusion that the treaty ends ipso facto when war comes. But this is too hasty a conclusion; international practice proves that some treaties are only …
Admiralty-Unseaworthiness Of Vessel In Having Vicious Crew Member Aboard, Richard B. Barnett S.Ed.
Admiralty-Unseaworthiness Of Vessel In Having Vicious Crew Member Aboard, Richard B. Barnett S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff, a seaman on board defendant's ship, went ashore on leave with the second cook. After returning to the ship, the two quarrelled and plaintiff knocked the cook down. The cook went to the galley and obtained a meat cleaver with which he struck plaintiff on the head, causing serious injury. Plaintiff brought suit against the ship owner for damages on the theory that in allowing a man of the cook's vicious proclivities to become a member of the crew, defendant failed to provide a "seaworthy" ship and that plaintiff had suffered injury as a result. Plaintiff appealed a verdict …
Civil Procedure-Habeas Corpus-Exhaustion Of State Remedies In Rendition Cases, Alfred W. Blumrosen
Civil Procedure-Habeas Corpus-Exhaustion Of State Remedies In Rendition Cases, Alfred W. Blumrosen
Michigan Law Review
Respondent, a convict, was apprehended in Ohio after escaping from an Alabama prison. He attempted to prevent rendition by petitioning the Ohio courts for a writ of habeas corpus, alleging that he had suffered cruel and unusual punishment in the Alabama prison contrary to the Fourteenth Amendment and, if forced to return, would be subject to further brutal treatment. His petition was denied at all levels in the Ohio courts and the United States Supreme Court denied certiorari. A similar petition was then denied by the Federal District Court in Ohio, but the court of appeals reversed without opinion and …
Civil Procedure-Parties-Real Party In Interest When Insurer Has Equitable Interest In Claim, Warren K, Urbom S.Ed.
Civil Procedure-Parties-Real Party In Interest When Insurer Has Equitable Interest In Claim, Warren K, Urbom S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff sued for damages to his fruit and grocery market which were allegedly caused by the negligence of defendant. Interrogatories were submitted by defendant designed to determine whether or not plaintiff had been paid the full amount of his loss by an insurance company and had assigned his claim to that company. The trial court sustained a motion to strike the interrogatories. On appeal, held, reversed, two judges dissenting. Although a tortfeasor cannot defeat an action by the insured by showing full subrogation of the insurer, he can plead an assignment of the insured's claim to show that the …
Civil Procedure-Right Of Impleader Under Michigan Contribution Statute, W. J. Roper
Civil Procedure-Right Of Impleader Under Michigan Contribution Statute, W. J. Roper
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff, a resident of Michigan, brought a negligence action against defendant, an Illinois corporation, for personal injury in the Federal District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan. The defendant moved to implead a citizen of Michigan and a Michigan corporation as third party defendants on the theory that under the Michigan Contribution Statute as concurrent tortfeasors they would be liable to him for part of the judgment in the event that plaintiff recovered in the suit. The court granted the motion and the defendant filed its third party complaint. Plaintiff then moved to dismiss the third party complaint. Held …
International Law-Treaty Provisions Dealing With The Status Of Pre-War Bilateral Treaties, Stanley T. Lesser S.Ed.
International Law-Treaty Provisions Dealing With The Status Of Pre-War Bilateral Treaties, Stanley T. Lesser S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
"The effect of war upon the existing treaties of belligerents is one of the unsettled problems of the law." At one time, writers on international law felt that war, ipso facto, abrogated all bilateral treaties between the combatants, with the exception of those treaties especially designed to regulate the conduct of hostilities. The modern trend is to a more flexible approach; the courts attempt to discern the intention of the parties at the time they concluded the treaty or deal with the problem pragmatically, preserving or annulling the treaties as the necessities of war exact. Disagreement persists, however, and it …
Corporations-Dissolution -Rights Of Members Of Nonprofit Corporation On Distribution Of Assets, John W. Hupp S.Ed.
Corporations-Dissolution -Rights Of Members Of Nonprofit Corporation On Distribution Of Assets, John W. Hupp S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Defendant association was incorporated in 1921 on a nonstock basis for the purpose of maintaining a club for social enjoyment. The association never maintained such a club, however, but rather operated a plan whereby "funeral benefits" were paid to the heirs of deceased members. At a special meeting on March 7, 1946, a plan was adopted for final distribution of the assets of the association among its members "on a basis for each month a member has been a member of the association." At a subsequent meeting, the members unanimously adopted a resolution to divide the association funds among its …
Corporations-Securities Act Of 1933--Sale Of Shares To Employees As Not Involving A Public Offering, William E. Beringer S.Ed.
Corporations-Securities Act Of 1933--Sale Of Shares To Employees As Not Involving A Public Offering, William E. Beringer S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
As it had done in the nine preceding years defendant corporation sought to win the loyalty of its key employees by offering for their direct purchase some 10,000 shares of its common stock at a price comparing favorably with that in the market. Plaintiff commission sought to enjoin the sale in the federal district court under §77(e) of the Securities Act of 1933 which prohibits sales by mail or interstate commerce of securities not registered with plaintiff. The defense was that §77(d)(1) exempted the sale from registration as one "not involving a public offering." Held, judgment for the defendant. …
Criminal Procedure-Extradition For Non-Support Under Section 6 Of The Uniform Criminal Extradition Act, David D. Dowd, Jr.
Criminal Procedure-Extradition For Non-Support Under Section 6 Of The Uniform Criminal Extradition Act, David D. Dowd, Jr.
Michigan Law Review
Petitioner had been divorced while residing in the State of California and ordered to pay $30 per month to his wife for the support of three minor children. After moving to New Mexico he defaulted in the payments. The Governor of California requested the extradition of the petitioner under section 6 of the Uniform Criminal Extradition Act to answer the charge of failure to provide for minor children. Petitioner questioned his detention under the order for extradition by seeking a writ of habeas corpus in an original proceeding before the Supreme Court of New Mexico. Held, writ denied. Section …
Legislation-Michigan Veterans' Re-Employment Act, William Andrew Bain, Jr. S.Ed.
Legislation-Michigan Veterans' Re-Employment Act, William Andrew Bain, Jr. S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
A recent Michigan statute provides for the re-employment of former employees of the state or the subdivisions thereof who left their positions, voluntarily or involuntarily, for service in the armed forces of the United States and have been honorably discharged. No opinion as to the interpretation or effect of the statute has been rendered by the Michigan courts or by any official state agency, but an examination of the very similar federal statute, and the litigation which it has fostered, indicates that a number of problems may arise. An insight into some typical problems and their possible solutions may be …
Municipal Corporations--Charter Amendment-Submission Of Three Propositions In The Form Of One Question, Joseph M. Kortenhof S.Ed.
Municipal Corporations--Charter Amendment-Submission Of Three Propositions In The Form Of One Question, Joseph M. Kortenhof S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
The council of defendant city adopted a resolution whereby the city charter was to be amended to authorize a limitation of I% per annum on property taxes, an excise tax of 1% per annum on salaries, commisions and profits of both nonresidents and residents, and disposition of the monies received by the income tax. The proposed charter revision was approved by the qualified electors by a margin slightly less than two to one. The plaintiffs, electors and residents of the city, obtained an injunction against enforcement of the charter amendment. On appeal, held, affirmed. The charter revision was ineffectual …
Constitutional Law-Due Process-Burden Of Proving Insanity As Defense To Crime, Lois H. Hambro S.Ed.
Constitutional Law-Due Process-Burden Of Proving Insanity As Defense To Crime, Lois H. Hambro S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Defendant was convicted of first degree murder after having pleaded insanity as a defense to the charge. He appealed to the Supreme Court of Oregon, alleging that the Oregon statute, which required an accused pleading insanity to prove it beyond a reasonable doubt, violated the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment because it placed on him the burden of proving his inability to premeditate and intend the criminal act. The defendant relied in part on the fact that Oregon is the only state requiring insanity to be proved ''beyond a reasonable doubt," while other states require at most that …
Torts-Invasion Of Right Of Privacy By Postcard Advertising, James S. Taylor
Torts-Invasion Of Right Of Privacy By Postcard Advertising, James S. Taylor
Michigan Law Review
To promote the sale of merchandise, defendant retail clothing store mailed a series of postcards to prospective customers, one of which was the plaintiff. The cards, in feminine handwriting, read, ''Please call WAbash 1943 and ask for Carolyn." Upon reading this the plaintiff's wife, who had intercepted the card, concluded that her husband was having a clandestine love affair with another woman, and when the plaintiff was unable to explain "Carolyn," she left him. Subsequent inquiry revealed that "Carolyn" was one of the defendant's employees and that the card was an advertising stunt Plaintiff filed suit on the theory that …