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Michigan Law Review

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Note And Comment, Michigan Law Review Jun 1925

Note And Comment, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

An announcement of prizes and honors at the law school.


Search Of Automobile Without Warrant--When Reasonable Jun 1925

Search Of Automobile Without Warrant--When Reasonable

Michigan Law Review

The enforcement of the National Prohibition Act has been responsible for raising the search and seizure question to a new height of importance. By Section 26 of that act, any officer discovering any person in the transportation of intoxicating liquors is to seize all such liquors being transported contrary to law. Obviously to secure a search warrant is impossible in the very nature of things the automobile, adapted to speed, is gone long before a warrant could be secured. And the employment of the automobile in the transportation of liquor is carried to such an extent that search and seizure …


Subrogation-The Effect On Equity Jurisdiction Of The Legal Remedy Becoming Adequate Jun 1925

Subrogation-The Effect On Equity Jurisdiction Of The Legal Remedy Becoming Adequate

Michigan Law Review

As the common law courts develop and discard many of their technical rules it often happens that a remedy at law formerly inadequate becomes perfectly adequate to administer substantial justice to all parties concerned. When such a situation arises the question is raised as to whether or not equity jurisdiction in that field has been ousted. Historically the greatest factor in equitable relief was the inadequacy of the remedy at law. From a strictly logical point of view it would seem that when the remedy at law becomes adequate the Chancellor is pro tanto deprived of his· right to give …


Recent Important Decisions Jun 1925

Recent Important Decisions

Michigan Law Review

A collection of recent important court decisions.


Books Received Jun 1925

Books Received

Michigan Law Review

A list of books received by Michigan Law Review


The Effect Of Martial Law Upon The Soldier's Liability To The Citizen Jun 1925

The Effect Of Martial Law Upon The Soldier's Liability To The Citizen

Michigan Law Review

The recent case of Bishop v. Vandercook, 228 Mich. 299, raises a group of problems of grave importance, seldom discussed in the courts. Can martial law ever exist under our constitutional form of government, so that a soldier becomes privileged, for the time being, to invade the interests of private citizens in a way which the ordinary police powers would not warrant? When may such extraordinary law and extraordinary privilege exist? Is a soldier ever justified in acting under orders given by his superior under supposed martial law when martial law for some reason is not in force?


Arbitration Under The Modern Statutes Jun 1925

Arbitration Under The Modern Statutes

Michigan Law Review

Of late years the way of the "fair and free trial in open court," to which every man is deemed to have an inalienable right, has become so long, devious, intricate and costly, that the law faces the danger of falling into general disrepute. The calendars of courts in most jurisdictions ·are crowded and filled for months and years in advance. the situation being most acute in the larger cities and commercial centers. the very places where delays are most undesirable. New York City serves as a horrible example-here an ordinary case generally takes three years to come to trial. …


Book Reviews Jun 1925

Book Reviews

Michigan Law Review

A collection of book reviews by multiple authors.


Front Matter, Michigan Law Review May 1925

Front Matter, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

Front Matter for Volume 23, Issue 7 of Michigan Law Review


The United States And The Mandates, Quincy Wright May 1925

The United States And The Mandates, Quincy Wright

Michigan Law Review

Although the United States has not yet become a member of the League of Nations nor burdened itself with any responsibilities in regard to the mandatory system established by that instrument for the government of former German and Turkish colonies, nevertheless (1) American influence was all important in gaining acceptance of the system by the Paris Peace Conference. (2) American influence was again felt in the process of putting the system into practical operation. (3) Finally the right of America to influence the future operation of the mandates irrespective of her ultimate relation to the League of Nations has been …


Negotiable Instruments-Carelessness In Making Checks May 1925

Negotiable Instruments-Carelessness In Making Checks

Michigan Law Review

In a recent case the supreme court of Texas held that the drawer of a check could recover from the drawee bank money paid on a check which had been fraudulently altered in amount by the payee even though the drawer was negligent in drawing the check in such a manner as to facilitate the fraudulent alteration. Glasscock v. First National Bank of San Angelo (Nov. 26, 1924) 266 S. W. 393. The court takes the view, though the decision is not based on it, that sec. 124 of the Negotiable Instruments Law which provides that: "Where a negotiable instrument …


The Remedies Of A Landlord Against A Subtenant May 1925

The Remedies Of A Landlord Against A Subtenant

Michigan Law Review

As against the assignee of the lessee the landlord at common law has practically the same remedies that he had against the original lessee. He can distrain on goods found on the leased premises, to secure rent which is in arrears, 2 TIFFANY, LANDLORD AND TENNANT, § 328; and he has the right to re-enter on breach of expressed condition. 2 TIFFANY, LANDLORD AND TENANT, § 194h. As there is privity of estate between the parties, the landlord can recover for breaches of those covenants in the lease, which run with the land. These primarily are those which touch and …


Is Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock Cumulative? May 1925

Is Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock Cumulative?

Michigan Law Review

A corporation may not lawfully pay dividends except out of profits, this limitation representing one important distinction between stockholders and creditors. Furthermore, as a general rule, stockholders have no right to dividends even out of earnings until they have been declared, it being within the discretion of the directors whether any payment shall be made or not. N. Y. L. E. & W. v. Nickals, 119 U. S. 296. True, this power of the directors is limited by the rule of reasonableness. Dodge v. Ford Motor Co. 204 Mich. 459. But an action to compel a distribution of …


Book Reviews May 1925

Book Reviews

Michigan Law Review

A collection of book reviews by multiple authors.


Recent Important Decisions May 1925

Recent Important Decisions

Michigan Law Review

A collection of recent important court decisions.


Prohibition And The Doctrine Of The Weeks Case, Thomas E. Atkinson May 1925

Prohibition And The Doctrine Of The Weeks Case, Thomas E. Atkinson

Michigan Law Review

One of the most disputed present day questions is whether evidence obtained in violation of constitutional guarantees against unreasonable searches and seizures should be admissible. The case of Weeks v. United States is perhaps the leading authority upon the proposition that evidence procured by officers through unreasonable search is not admissible. The holding may be justified upon how theories, vis., (1) that the admission of the evidence substantially violates the rule against self-incrimination in the Fifth Amendment, (2) that the exclusion of the evidence is the only practical means of enforcing the guarantee against unreasonable searches and seizures.


Res Ipsa Loquitur-A Presumption Of Law? May 1925

Res Ipsa Loquitur-A Presumption Of Law?

Michigan Law Review

As a general proposition the rule of res ipsa loquitur may be said to apply in those instances where a plaintiff is injured and the instrumentality causing the injury is in the complete control and management of the defendant or his servants and the circumstances are of such a nature that ordinarily no injury would result unless there was some negligence on the part of the defendant The rule finds its justification, it is commonly said, in the fact that the defendant being in control of the instrumentality has almost exclusive means of finding the came of the injury while …


The Reckoning Of Damages In Fluctuating Exchange, Joseph H. Drake May 1925

The Reckoning Of Damages In Fluctuating Exchange, Joseph H. Drake

Michigan Law Review

Not the least serious of the evil effects of the Great War has been the resultant collapse in value of the currencies of foreign countries and the consequent dislocation of exchanges. The case of Sirie v. Godfrey, decided in the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of New York, presents clearly one of the legal problems arising out of this situation. Goods were bought by an American lady in Paris, in 1913 and 1914, at a cost of about 10,000 francs. These goods were delivered in due time but were not paid for. At the time the goods were …


Notice Of Acceptance Of A Guaranty Contract May 1925

Notice Of Acceptance Of A Guaranty Contract

Michigan Law Review

In the recent case of Midland Nat. Bank v. Security Elevator Co. (Minn. 1924) 200 N. W. 851, the important question arises as to whether there need be a communicated acceptance of a guaranty in order to consummate a binding undertaking on the part of the guarantor. On this question there is great confusion in the authorities, both as to results and as to reasoning.


Books Received May 1925

Books Received

Michigan Law Review

A list of books received by Michigan Law Review


The Judicial Review Of Executive Acts, Albert Levitt Apr 1925

The Judicial Review Of Executive Acts, Albert Levitt

Michigan Law Review

The relation of the judiciary to the executive branch of the Government is a perplexing one. According to the Constitution, the government of the United States is threefold in character, legislative, executive and judicial. Each of these is supposed to be independent of the others. One cannot usurp the function of any one of the others. At the same time, this is a "Government of laws and not of men." It is equally true that this is a government of laws and not of political subdivisions or of the subdivisions of governmental mechanisms. Legislators, executives and judiciary must abide by …


Graduate Study In Law At Michigan Apr 1925

Graduate Study In Law At Michigan

Michigan Law Review

A notable advance in the organization of graduate study in law at Michigan has been achieved recently in the approval by the Board of Regents of a new program prepared and submitted by the Law Faculty. The program is the result of several years of experimentation and study. The word "program'', indeed, should not be permitted to give a false impression. In substantial measure the recent action only approves a new and more adequate description of such advanced work in law as the Law School is not only now prepared to offer but is actually offering for a limited class …


The Income Tax Liability Of Dividends In Liquidation, Roswell F. Magill Apr 1925

The Income Tax Liability Of Dividends In Liquidation, Roswell F. Magill

Michigan Law Review

The development of a scheme at once equitable and constitutional for the taxation of corporate distributions has been one of the more difficult problems confronting Congress and the courts since the adoption of the income tax amendment. Doubtless the chief reason for this difficulty has been the fact that the income tax liability of a shareholder upon such a distribution "has not been determinable merely by ascertaining whether the amounts received are the variety of receipts commonly regarded by their recipients as income,- in a word, by determining whether they constitute a "gain" to the shareholder. Rather, it is a …


Torts-Use Of Force To Expel Trespassers-Defences Apr 1925

Torts-Use Of Force To Expel Trespassers-Defences

Michigan Law Review

One of the most elementary and fundamental principles of the law of torts is that one in the lawful possession of premises may remove trespassers therefrom, using therefor so much force as is reasonably necessary. This is but a correlative of the right of an owner to have the free and undisturbed possession of his premises. The enunciation of this universally accepted rule furnishes a starting point, or basis, for an answer to the query, what is reasonable force? There can be no doubt as to the owner's liability for excessive or unreasonable force employed in ejecting a trespasser. Emmons …


Recent Important Decisions Apr 1925

Recent Important Decisions

Michigan Law Review

A collection of recent important court decisions.


Books Received Apr 1925

Books Received

Michigan Law Review

A list of books received by Michigan Law Review


War Crimes, Elbridge Colby Apr 1925

War Crimes, Elbridge Colby

Michigan Law Review

Grant that as far as military jurisdictions are concerned, the superior order justifies the act of the subordinate. Yet is such a judgment valid outside of military circles? Grant that public armed troops and soldiers have generally been held exempt when acting under the orders of their sovereign, and are responsible only to their own government. Is this an absolute protection? Is it true that, by the authority vested in him, "the commanding general determines what measures are necessary unless restrained by the orders of his government, which alone is his superior." Are there no qualifications to the idea that …


Front Matter, Michigan Law Review Apr 1925

Front Matter, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

Front Matter for Volume 23, Issue 6 of Michigan Law Review


The Equitable Conversion Fiction As A Basis For Inheritance Taxation Apr 1925

The Equitable Conversion Fiction As A Basis For Inheritance Taxation

Michigan Law Review

No one would dispute the jurisdiction of the state where land is situated to impose an inheritance tax upon its transfer at the death of the owner. Callahan v. Woodbridge, 171 Mass. 595, 51 N. E. 176; Matter of Majot, 199 N. Y. 29, 92 N. E. 402, Chamberlain's Estate, 257 Pa. 113,101 Atl. 314. Equally clear is the converse proposition: that no other state except the state where the land lies can impose such a tax. Succession of Westfeldt, 122 La. 836, 48 So. 281; In re Rust's Estate, 213 Mich. 138, 182 N. W. …


Book Reviews Apr 1925

Book Reviews

Michigan Law Review

A collection of book reviews by multiple authors.