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Michigan Law Review

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What Rights Are Left, Everett S. Brown Jan 1931

What Rights Are Left, Everett S. Brown

Michigan Law Review

A review of WHAT RIGHTS ARE LEFT By Henry Alan Johnston.


Trust Estates To Accumulate Income Jan 1931

Trust Estates To Accumulate Income

Michigan Law Review

Testator left his realty in trust to apply the net income, after the payment of certain expenses, eighty percent to the use of a charity and certain persons. the other twenty percent to a sinking fund "to restore, replace or make major improvements or additions to the buildings and improvements" of that realty. The income from the accumulated fund was to be paid to the charity; the principal expended at such times as the trustees deemed necessary. It was claimed the provision for this fund constituted an unlawful direction to accumulate income. Held: that income applied to the replacement of …


Divorce-Award Not Of "Alimony"-Modification Jan 1931

Divorce-Award Not Of "Alimony"-Modification

Michigan Law Review

In a divorce decree the court incorporated an agreement of the parties to the effect that the husband should pay to the wife "as permanent alimony the sum of $1,200 per annum, to be paid in monthly installments for the period of the wife's life." Upon remarriage of the wife, the husband filed a bill praying for an order modifying the decree. Held, the original decree was not a decree for alimony, but was an incorporation of an agreement of the parties, and therefore the court lacked power to modify it. Spear v. Spear (Md. 1930) 149 AtI. 468.


Front Matter, Michigan Law Review Jan 1931

Front Matter, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

Front Matter for Volume 29, Issue 3 of Michigan Law Review


Easements-Abandonment Jan 1931

Easements-Abandonment

Michigan Law Review

A driftway across the defendant's land was created by grant, giving the plaintiff his only access to the highway. The need for a way having ceased, it had not been used by the dominant owner for about twenty-five years, and in places was so overgrown as to be almost impassable. Moreover, the defendant moved two buildings in the line of the way, and about five years previously had prevented the plaintiff from cutting brush within its bounds. The lower court held that these facts constituted an abandonment, but this was held to be error on appeal. Byard v. Hoelscher (Conn. …


Tenure Of Office Under The Constitution, Everett S. Brown Jan 1931

Tenure Of Office Under The Constitution, Everett S. Brown

Michigan Law Review

A review of TENURE OF OFFICE UNDER THE CONSTITUTION By James Hart.


Trusts-Effect Of Exculpatory Clauses In Trust Indentures Jan 1931

Trusts-Effect Of Exculpatory Clauses In Trust Indentures

Michigan Law Review

The trust mechanism is today the common method of issuing corporate bonds. If the bonds are mortgage bonds, the corporation pursuant to a trust agreement, executes or assigns the mortgage to a trustee, usually a bank or trust company which holds the mortgage for the benefit of all the bondholders. In other situations collateral security is placed in the hands of the trustee. In both cases, the trustee certifies the corporation's bonds as having been issued under the terms of the trust indenture.


Crimes--Acts Done In Commision Of Felony-Common Design Jan 1931

Crimes--Acts Done In Commision Of Felony-Common Design

Michigan Law Review

A group of rioting convicts freed the defendants from their cells in Auburn Prison. The defendants joined in a demand on the prison authorities for liberty to leave the prison safely, and in a threat, in case of resistance to their efforts and demands, to kill the warden and seven guards, who had been captured and disarmed and were held as hostages. The prison authorities adopted a ruse. They permitted the convicts to go into the guard room with the captured personnel, where gas bombs were then discharged. Six to a score of shots were fired, all coming, according to …


Legislative Principles, Carl H. Manson Jan 1931

Legislative Principles, Carl H. Manson

Michigan Law Review

A review of LEGISLATIVE PRINCIPLES By Robert Luce.


Evidence-Contributory Negligence-Burden Of Proof-Presumption Of Due Care Jan 1931

Evidence-Contributory Negligence-Burden Of Proof-Presumption Of Due Care

Michigan Law Review

This case was an administrator's action to recover damages for the death of the plaintiff's intestate who was struck by an automobile operated by the defendant. There were no eyewitnesses other than the decedent and the defendant. On trial the plaintiff introduced evidence of the defendant's negligence, but under the circumstances of the case, was unable to introduce affirmative evidence that the decedent was free from contributory negligence. Held, one judge dissenting, that there was no presumption that the decedent exercised due care, and therefore, the non-suit granted by the lower court was affirmed. Kotler v. Lalley (Conn. 1930) …


Cooperative Associations And The Public, John Hanna Dec 1930

Cooperative Associations And The Public, John Hanna

Michigan Law Review

The American Institute of Cooperation at its first summer meeting in Philadelphia in 1925, devoted many hours to a consideration of the definition of agricultural cooperation. Even at that time cooperative associations had been described, if not defined, by federal legislation. The Bureau of Internal Revenue, the War Finance Corporation and the Intermediate Credit Banks, had also been compelled on numerous occasions to decide whether or not a particular association was entitled to the privileges accorded cooperatives. A determination of the nature of a cooperative was implied in the standard marketing acts adopted in nearly all of the American states. …


Bills And Notes -- Principal And Agent--Payment To Agent Of Drawer Upon Indorsement Forged By The Agent Dec 1930

Bills And Notes -- Principal And Agent--Payment To Agent Of Drawer Upon Indorsement Forged By The Agent

Michigan Law Review

A was an agent of P for the purpose of securing applications for loans and disbursing the money to the borrowers. The custom was for P, after approving the application, to send to A a check drawn on D bank, payable to the joint order of A and the borrower. It was also the custom for A, in following out the course of dealing outlined by P, to secure the borrower's indorsement, add his own, deposit the check to an agency account in X bank, and then pay out the money to the borrower by personal checks on his agency …


Aliens-Naturalization-Doctrine Of The Schwimmer Case Dec 1930

Aliens-Naturalization-Doctrine Of The Schwimmer Case

Michigan Law Review

Applicant, a minister's daughter, and a nurse during the world war, refused to take the oath prescribed by the Commissioner of Naturalization, since her religious scruples forbade her personally bearing arms. Another applicant, a professor of divinity at Yale University, and a chaplain in the Canadian army during the war, stated that, in view of religious convictions he was not willing to bear arms, unless in his own opinion war was ,necessary and in the best interests of humanity. The district courts denied both applications. On appeal, the circuit court of appeals for the second circuit reversed both decisions. Held …


Constitutional Law-Due Process-Statutory Interpretation As Judicial Legislation Dec 1930

Constitutional Law-Due Process-Statutory Interpretation As Judicial Legislation

Michigan Law Review

Plaintiff brought suit in Missouri to enjoin collection of taxes alleged to be discriminatory, basing his claim for equitable relief on the absence of any other remedy. The supreme court of Missouri dismissed the bill, without hearing on the substantive question, on the ground that there existed, under a state statute, an adequate remedy in appeal to the state tax commission. Previously the court had denied, in several cases, that the statute gave such a right, and had allowed equitable relief in one case on that ground. When the decision in the principal case was rendered, it was too late …


Corporations-Dissolution-Distributi0n Of Assets Between Holders Of Fully And Partially Paid Stock Dec 1930

Corporations-Dissolution-Distributi0n Of Assets Between Holders Of Fully And Partially Paid Stock

Michigan Law Review

On the insolvency of the Commonwealth Hotel Construction Co. and after, the creditors had been paid in full, there were assets on hand for distribution among the stockholders. The holders of partially paid stock requested that the assets be distributed in proportion to the amounts which the various stockholders had paid in. This in effect meant that the losses were to be proportional to the amounts paid in, instead of being proportional to the amounts which the stockholders had contracted to pay, and was resisted by the holders of fully paid stock as being inequitable. The chancellor (after holding in …


Parent And Child-Legitimation-Statutory Construction Dec 1930

Parent And Child-Legitimation-Statutory Construction

Michigan Law Review

J W, a resident of Oklahoma, died leaving an estate consisting of property entirely within that state. Plaintiff, an illegitimate child of J W, claimed as heir. Plaintiff was born in Kansas where both her parents were then domiciled. J W while still a resident of Kansas recognized plaintiff as his daughter. Plaintiff claimed that by virtue of this recognition and a Kansas statute allowing illegitimates to inherit from the father whenever he had recognized them as his children, that she had been legitimated in Kansas and was therefore entitled to a share of J W's estate. Held, that …


Partnership-Dissolution By Death Of Partner Dec 1930

Partnership-Dissolution By Death Of Partner

Michigan Law Review

Suit was brought by holders of certificates of deposit against the defendants as partners in an insolvent private bank. At the trial plaintiffs amended their petition by alleging that though defendants called themselves a partnership, they were in law and fact a joint stock company. But they failed to strike out the first allegation. The articles of agreement provided for a manager and a financing committee and for transferable stock, but transferable only to those whom the committee might admit. Several of the shareholders were deceased previous to the time the liability was incurred by the manager, and the status …


Pleading-Counterclaim-Shipper's Counterclaim In Carrier's Action For Freight No Violation Of Interstate Commerce Act Dec 1930

Pleading-Counterclaim-Shipper's Counterclaim In Carrier's Action For Freight No Violation Of Interstate Commerce Act

Michigan Law Review

See note, supra, on Chicago and N. W. Ry. v. Lindell, 281 U. S. 14, 50 Sup. Ct. 2co, 74 L. ed. (Adv, Op. 272), at page 245 of this number.


Torts--Joint Tort-Feasors-Release Or Covenant Not To Sue Dec 1930

Torts--Joint Tort-Feasors-Release Or Covenant Not To Sue

Michigan Law Review

Plaintiff was injured while she was a passenger in a taxicab as a result of a collision of the cab with a motor truck. After starting a suit against the taxicab company, plaintiff signed a written agreement, whereby, in consideration of the payment to the plaintiff of $1,032.40 by the cab company, plaintiff agreed not to prosecute any suit pending, nor to file any suit against the cab company for any damage growing out of the collision, and to pay all costs in the said pending suit. The agreement also declared that the promise of the plaintiff should in no …


Torts-Negligence-Bailee's Negligence As A Bar To An Action By The Bailor Against A Third Party Dec 1930

Torts-Negligence-Bailee's Negligence As A Bar To An Action By The Bailor Against A Third Party

Michigan Law Review

The plaintiff's son borrowed the plaintiff's automobile for an evening's pleasure trip in which the plaintiff had no interest. While on this trip, the automobile was damaged as a result of the negligence of the defendant and the driver of the plaintiff's automobile. Held, the relation of the plaintiff to his son was that of bailor and bailee, but that the negligence of the bailee could not be imputed to the bailor so as to bar recovery for the damage to the automobile in an action against the negligent defendant. Robinson v. Waffen (Me. 1930) 151 Atl. 10.


Venue--Waiver Of Objection In Federal Courts Dec 1930

Venue--Waiver Of Objection In Federal Courts

Michigan Law Review

The plaintiff, a fireman for the defendant railroad, was injured by a defective "chafing-block" while engaged in switching cars onto a siding, in order to permit an interstate train to pass. The injury took place in West Virginia, where the plaintiff was a resident. The defendant was incorporated under the laws of Maryland. Suit was brought in the federal court of the northern district of Ohio. The plaintiff based his right to recover on the Federal Employers' Liability Act, 45 U. S. C. A. sec. 51-59, and the Federal Boiler Inspection Act, 45 U. S. C. A. sec. 22 et …


Wills-Loose Sheets As A Will Dec 1930

Wills-Loose Sheets As A Will

Michigan Law Review

Testatrix's will contained twenty-eight sheets of correspondence paper, each complete in itself and not physically bound together. When presented for probate, the last sheet held only an attestation clause and the signatures of testatrix and witnesses; each of the others was, signed by testatrix; and the whole group were consecutively numbered. The attesting witnesses, employed at the bank with which testatrix did business, identified the writing on all twenty-eight sheets as that of testatrix, but could not say that these very sheets were present when the last was executed. They testified there was a bundle of similar sheets, and one …


Carriers-Counterclaim-Shipper's Counterclaim In Carrier's Action For Freight, As Illegal Discrimination Dec 1930

Carriers-Counterclaim-Shipper's Counterclaim In Carrier's Action For Freight, As Illegal Discrimination

Michigan Law Review

To the railroad's action to recover unpaid freight, the shipper set up as a counterclaim his loss (an amount greater than the freight) from damage to that shipment due to the plaintiff's negligence. The United States district court for the southern district of California held for the defendant, that this might be done. Upon appeal, the circuit court of appeals for the ninth circuit certified the question: Where a carrier brings an action at law to recover freight charges-in a district where state law provides that if a defendant fails to set up a counterclaim arising out of the transaction …


Bills And Notes-Checks-Right Against Drawer-Presentation For Payment Within Reasonable Time Dec 1930

Bills And Notes-Checks-Right Against Drawer-Presentation For Payment Within Reasonable Time

Michigan Law Review

Defendant delivered a check on an Austin bank to the plaintiff at his farm, seven and one-half miles from Austin. On the fourth business day following, plaintiff deposited the check to his account with another Austin bank. Before the latter could collect, the drawee bank failed. From the date of the check to the drawee's failure, defendant had sufficient funds on deposit to pay the check. The plaintiff, on the three business days after receipt of the check, stacked corn fodder. His home was located on a good gravel road leading to Austin; and he owned an automobile. Held, …


Crimes-Reasonable Doubt-Necessity Of Defining-Definition Dec 1930

Crimes-Reasonable Doubt-Necessity Of Defining-Definition

Michigan Law Review

In a criminal case, the defendant requested an instruction defining the term "reasonable doubt." The court refused the request and the defendant excepted. Held, the instruction should have been given. State v. Vukich (Wash. 1930) 290 Pac. 992.


Libel - Plaintlff's Portrait-Story Concerning Another Dec 1930

Libel - Plaintlff's Portrait-Story Concerning Another

Michigan Law Review

Defendant published in a newspaper the picture of the plaintiff, Alta Woolf, under the headline, "Sued for Balm," and above a caption to the effect that "Mrs. Ruth Felgenauer (above) 11002 Nelson Ave." had been made defendant in an alienation suit. To the plaintiff's libel action, defendant demurred. Held, the trial court was correct in sustaining the demurrer because, in its entirety, the publication was not calculated to lead third persons to believe that it referred to plaintiff. Woolf v. Scripps Pub. Co. (Ohio, Ct. App. 1930) 172 N.E. 389.


Quasi-Contracts--Duress--Tort Action For Dec 1930

Quasi-Contracts--Duress--Tort Action For

Michigan Law Review

The court in the instant case implied by way of dictum that the plaintiff could have recovered if duress had existed. Perhaps as to the commissions sufficient benefit was conferred upon the defendant to form the basis of quasicontractual liability. WOODWARD, LAW OF QUASI-CONTRACTS, sec. 211; Astley v. Reynolds, 2 Strange 915; Darling-Singer Lumber Co. v. Oriental Navigation Co., 127 Or. 655, 272 Pac. 275.


The Book Of English Law Dec 1930

The Book Of English Law

Michigan Law Review

A Review of THE BOOK OF ENGLISH LAW By Edward Jenks.


The Money Value Of A Man Dec 1930

The Money Value Of A Man

Michigan Law Review

A Review of THE MONEY VALUE OF A MAN By Louis I. Dublin and Alfred J. Lotka.


Automobile Insurance Dec 1930

Automobile Insurance

Michigan Law Review

A Review of AUTOMOBILE INSURANCE By Charles A. Sunderlin.