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Islam And Local Culture: The Peril Of State Violence And Hallyu Fandom In Indonesia (With Reference To Palestine), Ingyu Oh
Kritika Kultura
The invasion of Hallyu (or the Korean Wave) subculture in Indonesia created a new pattern of gendered cultural consumption in the largest Islam country in the world. The most ardent Hallyu supporters in Indonesia are women who are organizing massive urban fan gatherings, K-pop concerts, and group tours to Seoul. With a long and devastating record of state violence on Marxists, Chinese, and women in general, current public tolerance to Hallyu by the Indonesian government seems flimsy as female Hallyu fandom is threatening the mainstream Islamic value of feminine subservience. Although the strength of the local culture vis-à-vis Islam in …
Roots And Routes: Hip-Hop From South Korea, Ute Fendler
Roots And Routes: Hip-Hop From South Korea, Ute Fendler
Kritika Kultura
With the growing success of hip-hop in South Korea, the discussions about the authenticity of this genre increase and create cleavages between the mainstream and the underground rappers. The paper intends to analyze three examples of the contemporary music scene that are representative of different positions. Taking Simon Frith’s work on popular music as a means to construct identity, the paper suggests questioning the concept of authenticity (“roots”) and proposes instead conceiving hip-hop in South Korea as a movement at the crossroads (“routes”) of various influences and practices.
Amber Liu, K-Pop Tomboy: Reshaping Femininity In Mainstream K-Pop, Paola Laforgia, Keith Howard
Amber Liu, K-Pop Tomboy: Reshaping Femininity In Mainstream K-Pop, Paola Laforgia, Keith Howard
Kritika Kultura
South Korean mainstream pop music, known simply as K-Pop, has become such a huge phenomenon in recent years that it is playing a decisive role in reshaping Korean culture and identity. Indeed, the K-Pop phenomenon is much more than just something musical, intertwining a complexity of sound, performance, ethnicity and gender. A contextual analysis needs therefore to take all these elements into consideration. This paper aims to show how K-Pop plays a crucial role in promoting ideologies, and defining gender roles. It does so by analyzing the music and image of the Taiwanese-American originating singer Amber Liu. Liu goes against …
Webtoon As A New Korean Wave In The Process Of Glocalization, Wonho Jang, Jung Eun Song
Webtoon As A New Korean Wave In The Process Of Glocalization, Wonho Jang, Jung Eun Song
Kritika Kultura
With the development of Web 2.0, the online publication of Korean cartoons has increased substantially. The webtoon is a new genre of publishing Korean comics (manhwa) online, and is considered a unique case in the global cartoon market. The increase of Internet users and digital cultural consumption has established conditions for fostering the platform for webtoons and their production. In addition, the popularity of Korean dramas and K-pop has cultivated the spread of webtoons in the countries receiving dramas and K-pop. This study discusses the characteristics of Korean webtoons and their development using the concept of “glocal culture.” The glocalization …
From Localization To Glocalization: Contriving Korean Pop Culture To Meet Glocal Demands, Ingyu Oh
From Localization To Glocalization: Contriving Korean Pop Culture To Meet Glocal Demands, Ingyu Oh
Kritika Kultura
Hallyu (the Korean Wave) has been around the world since the late 1990s. Over the period of twenty years, Hallyu has evolved from a regional entertainment pop to a global cultural content. The evolution of Hallyu, like any other evolutions, has involved a long process of localization and globalization. Both K-pop and K-dramas, the two major pillars of the Hallyu revolution, are foreign imports. K-pop has mostly been influenced by European and American dance music since the early 1990s, whereas K-dramas have been heavily influenced by Japanese trendy TV dramas in the past, particularly during the 1980s. However, the localization …
Interrogating Indonesian New Order’S Narrative Of Gestapu: The Leftist Nobles And The Indonesian Communist Party In Umar Kayam’S Stories, Paulus Sarwoto
Interrogating Indonesian New Order’S Narrative Of Gestapu: The Leftist Nobles And The Indonesian Communist Party In Umar Kayam’S Stories, Paulus Sarwoto
Kritika Kultura
Although the atrocity around the 1965 coup—better known as Gestapu, Gestok or G 30 S PKI in Indonesia—has been continually on the international humanitarian spotlight, its literary representation in Indonesia has been minimal. The strong hold of the New Order regime and their residue in the current political system must have something to do with this. Among a few vernacular writers coping with the aftermath of the tragedy but is less discussed as such is Umar Kayam. The four texts analysed in this article, “Bawuk,” “Musim Gugur Kembali ke Connecticut,” Para Priyayi and Jalan Menikung: Para Priyayi 2, interrogate the …
Recipes For Revision: Digesting American Empire In The Philippines Via Filipina Literature In Spanish, Adam Lifshey
Recipes For Revision: Digesting American Empire In The Philippines Via Filipina Literature In Spanish, Adam Lifshey
Kritika Kultura
This essay investigates the intersections of American empire and American feminism via literature by Filipinas in Spanish. Texts written in Manila by hispanophone Filipinas who were also American subjects and American nationals present a defamiliarizing phenomenon that casts anew standard historical-literary accounts of the 20th century United States. The literary output of Maria Paz Zamora, for instance, reveals an America that emerges on shores not commonly taken to be American at all and yet are more indicative, arguably, of the modern United States than any other. Paz Zamora was the first Asian woman to produce a short story collection in …
Front Matter, Kritika Kultura
Editor's Introduction, Vincenz Serrano
Translation Of Poetry By István Kemény, Gábor Mezei, István Kemény
Translation Of Poetry By István Kemény, Gábor Mezei, István Kemény
Kritika Kultura
No abstract provided.
A Double-Edged Reading Of Gourlay’S Children Fiction Books: (Dis)Empowering The “Invisible” Filipino Community In The Uk, Neslie Carol C. Tan
A Double-Edged Reading Of Gourlay’S Children Fiction Books: (Dis)Empowering The “Invisible” Filipino Community In The Uk, Neslie Carol C. Tan
Kritika Kultura
This paper conducts a double-edged reading of Candy Gourlay’s two children’s novels, Tall Story (2010) and Shine (2013). It argues that on the one hand, these two award-winning books empower the “invisible” community of Filipinos in the UK by foregrounding the “subalterns” and narrating (with subtle social commentaries) their migrant motivations and woes. These narratives are further enriched by folkloric and supernatural twists that orient global audiences as well as younger generations of Filipinos abroad on Filipino cultural heritage. On the other hand, the representations embedded in these narratives contain traces of self-orientalism, reinforcing essentializing binary divisions where Filipinos or …
Itinerant Figures: Textual Mobilities In Fiction’S Diasporic Turn, Maria Luis Torres Reyes
Itinerant Figures: Textual Mobilities In Fiction’S Diasporic Turn, Maria Luis Torres Reyes
Kritika Kultura
No abstract provided.
Remembering The Forgotten War: Origins Of The Korean War Film And Its Development During Hallyu, Joel David
Remembering The Forgotten War: Origins Of The Korean War Film And Its Development During Hallyu, Joel David
Kritika Kultura
As the Cold War proxy conflict that provided a happy ending for the Western alliance that fought for the South Korean side, the Korean War became a recurrent and idealized subject for American film productions. A generally overlooked trend, however, is the fact that Korea itself subsequently embarked on a reflective series of cinematic discourses on the war and its aftermath, during the period when the country’s popular culture (eventually dubbed hallyu) began to attract foreign interest. The contrast between post-war Hollywood images and fairly contemporary Korean output regarding the topic provides a starting point for studying issues pertaining to …
Understanding The Potential For A Hallyu “Backlash” In Southeast Asia: A Case Study Of Consumers In Thailand, Malaysia And Philippines, Mary J. Ainslie, Sarah Domingo Lipura, Joanne B. Y. Lim
Understanding The Potential For A Hallyu “Backlash” In Southeast Asia: A Case Study Of Consumers In Thailand, Malaysia And Philippines, Mary J. Ainslie, Sarah Domingo Lipura, Joanne B. Y. Lim
Kritika Kultura
Korean cultural products (known as Hallyu) are now the dominant incarnation of East Asian culture throughout Southeast Asia and have introduced consumers to Korean industry, cosmetics, and culture. Recent work has concentrated heavily upon this region and the new dynamics Southeast Asian countries can offer to the study of inter-Asian cultural links, particularly during the political amalgamation of the ASEAN economic community. Yet in the more developed Southeast Asian nations of Thailand, Malaysia, and the Philippines, there is some evidence of a rejection of and animosity towards Hallyu products from consumers who are beginning to question and disapprove of the …
Hallyu In And For Asia, Ju-Yong Ha
Hallyu In And For Asia, Ju-Yong Ha
Kritika Kultura
Hallyu has persisted long enough to attain the stature of a major influential cultural phenomenon. Yet the primary locus of exchange appear to be discourses and dialogues produced by Koreans and Western appreciators. What this state of affairs overrides is the reality that the first area of impact of contemporary Korean popular culture is the region immediately outside Korea (and East Asia): the Southeast Asian region. In order to ensure that Koreans and Southeast Asians attain a condition of mutual understanding, scholarship on hallyu vis-à-vis its Asian audiences will have to be facilitated and encouraged.
Front Matter, Kritika Kultura
Subaltern Planet Of Cultural Studies, Charlie Samuya Veric
Subaltern Planet Of Cultural Studies, Charlie Samuya Veric
Kritika Kultura
A contribution to a mostly unwritten history, the essay provides a preliminary account of cultural studies in Asia, Africa, and Latin America from decolonization to globalization. My intention is two-fold, namely, to contribute to the history of cultural studies in the global South and experiment with the writing of planetary history to determine the lessons that can be learned when totality is imagined from below. I argue that whether it is the geopolitics of decolonization in Asia, the politics of indigenization in Africa, or the critique of knowledge-production in Latin America, cultural studies signifies the unfinished task of decolonization.
Primates In Paradise: Critical Possibilities Of The Milieu Movie, Joel David
Primates In Paradise: Critical Possibilities Of The Milieu Movie, Joel David
Kritika Kultura
The use of multiple lead characters in cinema is a fairly recent development, although the strategy (and its resultant variety of structures) had been present for some time in theater and literature. The typical Classical Hollywood action-driven narrative operated most efficiently through a singular hero, allowing the audience to undergo the film experience via the process of singular identification. With the breakdown in identificatory requisites popularized by various New Wave and Third Cinema movements, and the consequent assimilation of this trend starting with the New American Cinema, mainstream Hollywood was ready to embark upon a series of multi-character movies, with …
Sisa's Vengeance: Rizal And The Mother Of All Insurgencies, E. San Juan Jr.
Sisa's Vengeance: Rizal And The Mother Of All Insurgencies, E. San Juan Jr.
Kritika Kultura
A new appraisal of Rizal is needed today in the light of 9/11, the collapse of finance capital, state terrorism, and neoliberal decadence and barbarism. Rizal’s revolutionary critique can be discovered by shifting the center of inquiry to the Dapitan years and after, the Liga’s resonance, and the Sisa-Maria Clara-Salome nexus. By exposing the limits of Simoun’s romantic idealism, Padre Florentino’s eschatological impulse, and the carnivalesque colonial world bereft of god/nomos, Rizal anticipates the post-capitalist predicament. Women’s vengeance against patriarchal nihilism lies submerged in Rizal’s communicative action to the Malolos collective, mobilizing emergent and residual historical forces in a dialectical …
"Transmedial Aesthetics Is Ordinary": Some Remarks On Victor Eriche's The Spirit Of The Beehive, Jan Baetens
"Transmedial Aesthetics Is Ordinary": Some Remarks On Victor Eriche's The Spirit Of The Beehive, Jan Baetens
Kritika Kultura
Focusing on Victor Erice’s 1973 movie, The Spirit of the Beehive, this article proposes to rethink the problem of adaptation with the help of the concept of “experience” (freely borrowed from Dewey). The emphasis on the reception of a given work (in this case James Whale’s 1931 Frankenstein, a very particular screening of which is part of the movie’s diegesis) will foreground the importance of the process of intermedialization or “intermediality in action,” an all-encompassing culturally embedded experience, which is more existential than aesthetic.
Five Poems, Michael M. Coroza
Decolonizing Knowledges: Asian American Studies, Carlos Bulosan, And Insurgent Filipino Diasporic Imagination, Jeffrey Arellano Cabusao
Decolonizing Knowledges: Asian American Studies, Carlos Bulosan, And Insurgent Filipino Diasporic Imagination, Jeffrey Arellano Cabusao
Kritika Kultura
The current wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have compelled interdisciplinary scholars to seek new methods of engaging US Empire. This essay will attempt to outline an emerging critique-al strand of Filipino Cultural Studies that challenges the limitations of the “cultural turn” through its connection to the larger goal of creating movements for social justice. Over the past few years, new forms of Filipino American scholarship have advanced a unique tradition of class analysis developed by earlier generations of Filipino cultural workers and activists. In addition to this new development, Filipino American cultural workers have created politically conscious art through their …
Empire And Globalization: On The Recent Study Of The Philippines In The United States, Vicente L. Rafael
Empire And Globalization: On The Recent Study Of The Philippines In The United States, Vicente L. Rafael
Kritika Kultura
This short paper traces two of the more important developments in the study of the Philippines in the United States in the wake of critiques regarding American Orientalism in the late 1990s. The first is a rediscovery of the American empire at the heart of US national history, and by implication, of the buried significance of overseas colonies to metropolitan developments. Second is the emergence of robust cultural critiques of globalization from the perspective of those who have been globalized from below. The paper talks these developments with reference to Paul Kramer’s Blood of Government and Neferti Tadiar’s Things Fall …
Childhood And Family In Contemporary Children's Fiction: Resilience, Agency, And Emergence Of New Gender Norms, Rosario Torres-Yu
Childhood And Family In Contemporary Children's Fiction: Resilience, Agency, And Emergence Of New Gender Norms, Rosario Torres-Yu
Kritika Kultura
New awareness of re-thinking childhood in the emergent field of childhood studies inspires production of new discourse on social construction of childhood in literature. This paper looks at contemporary children’s literature in the Philippines from this perspective and within the context of the globalization and transnationalization of care giving. Its interrogation of selected children’s books and literature for young adult reveals that the traditional concept of childhood is now being challenged and resisted. Cognizant of the need to sustain this direction of literary production, this paper posits that children’s literature in the country should mainstream this new thinking so that …
Global Feminisms And The Polish "Woman": Reading Popular Culture Representations Through Stories Of Activism Since 1989, Magdalena J. Zaborowska, Justine M. Pas
Global Feminisms And The Polish "Woman": Reading Popular Culture Representations Through Stories Of Activism Since 1989, Magdalena J. Zaborowska, Justine M. Pas
Kritika Kultura
This article examines ten interviews with Polish feminist activists conducted by the Women’s Center “eFka” in Kraków and gathered by the Global Feminisms Project at the Institute for Research on Women and Gender at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor. Employing intersectional and interdisciplinary approaches, it reads this collection in the context of Polish discourses on womanhood and femininity following the post-communist transition of 1989. The interviews offer a unique perspective on gender formations and invite us to think of the Other Europe beyond the clash of approaches to the region that have positioned it between the extremes of …
Chaotic Waters And Well-Tempered Specters: The Philippnes As Source Of Overseas Labor, Joel David
Chaotic Waters And Well-Tempered Specters: The Philippnes As Source Of Overseas Labor, Joel David
Kritika Kultura
The precolonial territory that became the Philippines was a participant in maritime Asian politics and warfare that made the Southeast Asian region appear unstable and undefined to newly arrived Western observers. In truth, regional network-building amid labor shortages was a constant concern of the various peoples, with their interdependent arrangements occasionally readjusted because of piratical raids conducted by more capable or determined centers in order to increase their working populations. The Western occupation forces (themselves also subject to limitations in their number) sought to stabilize the communities they subjugated in order to more effectively bankroll their colonial projects, an arrangement …
Zainichi, Mobility, And Jeju Island: On The Representation Of Island In The Novels Of Kim Sok-Pom And Lee Yangji, Myungsim Yang
Zainichi, Mobility, And Jeju Island: On The Representation Of Island In The Novels Of Kim Sok-Pom And Lee Yangji, Myungsim Yang
Kritika Kultura
During the Japanese colonial period (1910-1945), about a quarter of Jeju residents moved to Japan to escape their hardships, as Jeju Island’s industry was inferior to the inland area. In light of this, about 60% of Osaka Zainichi Koreans are deemed from Jeju Island. Against this backdrop, the meaning and symbol of Jeju Island, respectively, are well embodied in novels written by Jeju people who moved to Japan. For them (i.e., Koreans living in Japan), Jeju Island is not only their homeland but also a place where they have painful memories. In addition, Jeju Island means their own identities itself …
Where Island Studies Meets Mobility Studies In Literary And Cultural Studies, Maria Luisa Torres Reyes, Luisa Gomez
Where Island Studies Meets Mobility Studies In Literary And Cultural Studies, Maria Luisa Torres Reyes, Luisa Gomez
Kritika Kultura
This special section challenges the conventional view of islands as isolated entities, aiming to portray island life through various lenses like literature, geography, and history. By merging mobility studies with island studies, it explores how movements within and around islands shed light on societal phenomena such as climate change, infrastructure development, migration policies, and trauma borne out of violent historical events. The articles, stemming from a conference on Jeju Island, South Korea, analyze power dynamics, imagination, and re-imagination between mainland and island, center and periphery. They reflect on islands as subjects for social scrutiny and platforms for cultural expression. Through …
Re-Entering Fandom Pages In The Era Of New Media Ecosystems: The Case Of Turkish Television Series And Their Devoted Viewer Communities, Orhun Yakun, Serhat Kaymas
Re-Entering Fandom Pages In The Era Of New Media Ecosystems: The Case Of Turkish Television Series And Their Devoted Viewer Communities, Orhun Yakun, Serhat Kaymas
Kritika Kultura
Given the global prominence of Turkish television series, there is a strong necessity for re- evaluating the constitution of transnational fandom groups in new media ecosystems. Hence, the reasons and motivations of multinational fandom communities are something of a blind spot in fandom studies, especially in the case of devoted fan communities of Turkish television series. Most contemporary studies in fandom literature have mainly focused on television viewers’ experiences in individual countries due to cultural proximity and cultural discount theories rather than the constitution of multinational fandom groups in the new media ecosystem. However, this article argues that such existing …
Comradeship, Remolding, And Rectification In Norman Wilwayco's Gerilya, Laurence Marvin S. Castillo
Comradeship, Remolding, And Rectification In Norman Wilwayco's Gerilya, Laurence Marvin S. Castillo
Kritika Kultura
In this article, I examine the representation of the long-running Maoist national democratic (NatDem) revolution in Norman Wilwayco’s award-winning novel Gerilya (2008), which centers on the uneasy, often violent encounters between petty bourgeois revolutionaries from the city and revolutionary peasants in the countryside. By engaging with the issues of revolutionary errors, remolding, and rectification, I explore how the novel’s predominantly unflattering depiction of revolutionary guerrillas track the difficulties that underpin the process of revolutionary remolding and the formation of comradely relations. Such portrayal conceives of the revolution as a complex social process marked by the tension between, on the one …