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Journal of Extension

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Using Consumer Input To Guide The Development Of A Nutrition And Health Website, Laura Bellows, Jessica Clifford, Elisa Shackelton Oct 2015

Using Consumer Input To Guide The Development Of A Nutrition And Health Website, Laura Bellows, Jessica Clifford, Elisa Shackelton

Journal of Extension

Consumers want timely, research-based information available online. The project objective was to develop a user-friendly nutrition and health website for Colorado Extension consumers. An electronic survey (n=381) was administered to current and potential Extension consumers to understand their: use of the Web and electronic devices; topics of interest; and preferred mode of information delivery. Results, in conjunction with best practices for website usability and health literacy, were used to develop the Live Eat Play Colorado website. Audience-centered websites with content packaged in small doses and delivered via multiple modalities may enhance reach and use of university and Extension resources.

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Farm-To-Hospital Research Findings Point To Opportunities For Extension, Brian Raison Oct 2015

Farm-To-Hospital Research Findings Point To Opportunities For Extension, Brian Raison

Journal of Extension

Extension has a history of local foods programming around farm to institution. But connections with hospitals, an industry sector with significant potential for increased local food purchasing, appear limited. Hospital outreach could provide inroads for patient and employee education around healthy eating. But does Extension know how to engage healthcare foodservice? Do hospital foodservice directors have knowledge of Extension? This article focuses on intersections at which Extension can approach hospitals to help improve health and the economy through local foods. It is based on findings excerpted from a comprehensive Ohio hospital foodservice director study (n=155) conducted in late 2014.

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Farmers' Engagement With Community Food Insecurity: Approaches, Perspectives, And Implications For Extension, Rachel Schattman, Linda Berlin, Francesca Finch Bochner, Maija Lawrence Aug 2015

Farmers' Engagement With Community Food Insecurity: Approaches, Perspectives, And Implications For Extension, Rachel Schattman, Linda Berlin, Francesca Finch Bochner, Maija Lawrence

Journal of Extension

Hunger is an issue of growing concern nationwide, and farmers can play a critical role in helping individuals and families gain access to healthy, fresh, locally produced food. In 2011, we conducted interviews with 12 Vermont farmers who provide local food to low-income Vermonters through a wide array of activities including sale, donation, or other means. By better understanding how and why farmers work to address hunger in communities, Extension professionals can better support them to achieve the dual goals of food security and farm viability.

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Developing Effective Educational Materials Using Best Practices In Health Literacy, Kelly Niebaum, Leslie Cunningham-Sabo, Laura Bellows Aug 2015

Developing Effective Educational Materials Using Best Practices In Health Literacy, Kelly Niebaum, Leslie Cunningham-Sabo, Laura Bellows

Journal of Extension

Health literacy is emerging as a leading issue affecting U.S. consumers' health. It has been shown to be a stronger predictor of a person's health than age, income, employment status, education level, or race. To best meet the health literacy needs of consumers, Extension educators can use best practice guidelines for improved health communications to develop effective educational materials, which include getting to know the target audience; sending clear, actionable message(s); and using appropriate formatting with meaningful visuals. Extension educators can apply these best practice guidelines to better promote health-related behaviors and communicate science more effectively to consumers.

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Perceived Effects Of Community Gardening In Lower Mississippi Delta Gardening Participants, Alicia S. Landry, Nikki Chittendon, Christine Eh Coker, Caitlin Weiss Aug 2015

Perceived Effects Of Community Gardening In Lower Mississippi Delta Gardening Participants, Alicia S. Landry, Nikki Chittendon, Christine Eh Coker, Caitlin Weiss

Journal of Extension

This article describes the perceived physical and psychological health impacts of community gardening on participants in the Mississippi Delta. Themes identified include the use of gardening as an educational tool and as a means to increase self-efficacy and responsibility for personal and community health. Additional benefits of gardening as identified by the study include exposure to new types of healthy foods, increased physical activity, and the building of a legacy. Incorporation of gardening into school curriculum could equip young residents with gardening skills and improve the likelihood that community gardens will be maintained.

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Food Challenge: Serving Up 4-H To Non-Traditional Audiences, Sara Dodd, Holly E. Follmer-Reece, Erin Kostina-Ritchey, Roxanna Reyna Aug 2015

Food Challenge: Serving Up 4-H To Non-Traditional Audiences, Sara Dodd, Holly E. Follmer-Reece, Erin Kostina-Ritchey, Roxanna Reyna

Journal of Extension

This article describes a novel approach for introducing 4-H to non-traditional/diverse audiences using 4-H Food Challenge. Set in a low SES and minority-serving rural school, Food Challenge was presented during the school day to all 7th grade students, with almost half voluntarily participating in an after-school club component. Program design supported school-level STEM enrichment and career development priorities. Topics addressed ranged from food handling/safety to nutrition and cost analysis. Conclusions include a summary of student outcomes and recommendations for school and adult partnerships. Implications for reaching non-traditional 4-H audiences through non-competition formats are discussed.

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The Case For A Paradigm Shift In Extension From Information-Centric To Community-Centric Programming, Emma Strong, Jason Rowntree, Kable Thurlow, Matt R. Raven Aug 2015

The Case For A Paradigm Shift In Extension From Information-Centric To Community-Centric Programming, Emma Strong, Jason Rowntree, Kable Thurlow, Matt R. Raven

Journal of Extension

Since its establishment through the Smith-Lever Act, the Cooperative Extension Service has sought to use non-formal education programs centered on community needs to provide research-based information. However, the onset of the information age has transformed the way knowledge is shared and as a result altered the way people access information. Based on observations and program evaluations clients are more interested in the development of communities than passive dissemination of information from traditional Extension programs. Consequently, we assert that the current Extension paradigm of information-centric programming is no longer adequate and Extension should move toward one that is community centric.

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Maximizing The Nutritional Value Of Produce Post-Harvest: Consumer Knowledge Gaps, Interests, And Opinions Regarding Nutrition Education Strategies, Dan Remley, Linnette Mizer Goard, Christopher A. Taylor, Robin A. Ralston Aug 2015

Maximizing The Nutritional Value Of Produce Post-Harvest: Consumer Knowledge Gaps, Interests, And Opinions Regarding Nutrition Education Strategies, Dan Remley, Linnette Mizer Goard, Christopher A. Taylor, Robin A. Ralston

Journal of Extension

Although many consumers perceive locally produced, fresh fruits and vegetables to be healthier, they might not have the knowledge and skills to retain optimal nutritional quality following harvest or purchase. We surveyed Ohio farmers market consumers' and managers' knowledge and interests related to maximizing nutritional value of produce. Consumers and managers lacked knowledge but were interested in the topic. Respondents were concerned about chronic health conditions and how foods and nutrients might prevent them. The perspectives and knowledge gaps of the target audience will assist the development of educational materials and strategies.

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Food And Nutrition Extension Programs: Next Generation Impact Evaluation, Janet Mullins, Karen Chapman-Novakofski, Karen Franck, Beth Olson, Elena Serrano, M S. Townsend Ph.D.,R.D., Siew Sun Wong Aug 2015

Food And Nutrition Extension Programs: Next Generation Impact Evaluation, Janet Mullins, Karen Chapman-Novakofski, Karen Franck, Beth Olson, Elena Serrano, M S. Townsend Ph.D.,R.D., Siew Sun Wong

Journal of Extension

Grassroots stakeholder input results in relevant and timely Extension programs, but presents a challenge for performance measurement using common indicators. A balanced approach to program evaluation and reporting that is adequately valid and reliable while honoring the Extension culture of service is most likely to be successful. This article reviews recent advances in evaluation methodology of food and nutrition programs. It further describes how this evidence base informs the current set of national Extension program outcomes and indicators. Evaluation work is an essential step in documenting the public value of Extension programs.

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Low-Income Mothers' Perceptions Of Barriers To Using Farmers Markets: A Snap-Ed Initiative To Understand Access Points To Local Foods, Sarah A. Misyak, Meredith Ledllie Johnson, Mary M. Mcferren, Jennifer L. Culhane, Kim L. Niewolny, Kathryn Hosig, Elena Serrano Aug 2015

Low-Income Mothers' Perceptions Of Barriers To Using Farmers Markets: A Snap-Ed Initiative To Understand Access Points To Local Foods, Sarah A. Misyak, Meredith Ledllie Johnson, Mary M. Mcferren, Jennifer L. Culhane, Kim L. Niewolny, Kathryn Hosig, Elena Serrano

Journal of Extension

The study reported here describes a Virginia Family Nutrition Program's target population's perceptions of barriers to using a farmers market to access local foods. Mothers from a rural county photographed their shopping experience. Using a photo elicitation process to develop themes related to food access, the mothers identified barriers to shopping at farmers markets. The results can provide guidance to agents, program assistants, and farmers market coordinators on promoting use of farmers markets by low-income populations. The development of experiential learning opportunities to overcome barriers is critical if farmers markets are encouraged as an avenue for promoting healthy eating.

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Strongwomen® Program Evaluation: Effect Of Strength Training Exercises On Physical Fitness Of Participants, Anil Kumar Chaudhary, Beth Van Horn, Marilyn Corbin Aug 2015

Strongwomen® Program Evaluation: Effect Of Strength Training Exercises On Physical Fitness Of Participants, Anil Kumar Chaudhary, Beth Van Horn, Marilyn Corbin

Journal of Extension

The StrongWomen® Program (SWP) is a nationally disseminated group strength-training exercise and nutrition education program delivered by Extension. The study reported here examined the effect of strength training exercises in SWP on improvement in physical fitness of program participants. Senior Fitness Test was used to collect data. Upon analysis of paired t-tests, significant differences were found between pre-test and post-test across all the six fitness measures. Overall, SWP helped participants to improve their body strength and physical fitness and decreased risk of falls and fractures, which indicates the increased independence and quality of life among older adults.

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Parents' Calcium Knowledge Is Associated With Parental Practices To Promote Calcium Intake Among Parents Of Early Adolescent Children, Carolyn W. Gunther, Angela M. Rose, Christine Bruhn, Mary Cluskey, Marla Reicks, Rickelle Richards, Siew Sun Wong, C.J. Boushey, Scottie Misner, Beth Olson Aug 2015

Parents' Calcium Knowledge Is Associated With Parental Practices To Promote Calcium Intake Among Parents Of Early Adolescent Children, Carolyn W. Gunther, Angela M. Rose, Christine Bruhn, Mary Cluskey, Marla Reicks, Rickelle Richards, Siew Sun Wong, C.J. Boushey, Scottie Misner, Beth Olson

Journal of Extension

The study reported here aimed to identify the relationship of parents' calcium knowledge with diet-related parental practices and determinants of calcium knowledge. A cross-sectional survey was conducted measuring parental practices, calcium knowledge, and demographics. A convenience sample of 599 racially/ethnically diverse parents of children 10-13y completed questionnaires. Higher education and having a daughter were associated with higher calcium knowledge; being Asian or Hispanic and born outside the U.S. were associated with lower calcium knowledge. Parents with greater calcium knowledge were more likely to engage in healthy parenting practices. These factors may be important considerations for Extension educators in nutrition education.

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Strategic Directions For Extension Health And Wellness Programs, Michelle Rodgers, Bonnie Braun Jun 2015

Strategic Directions For Extension Health And Wellness Programs, Michelle Rodgers, Bonnie Braun

Journal of Extension

The new Cooperative Extension National Framework for Health and Wellness is a tool to help Extension systematically address the programmatic area of health and wellness at the individual, community, environmental, and policy levels. Key strategies of the framework tool are provided and suggestions for ways that Extension can use this framework tool to respond to the needs are proposed.

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Using Google Trends For Search Engine Optimization Of Extension Internet Content, Jane A. Parish Jun 2015

Using Google Trends For Search Engine Optimization Of Extension Internet Content, Jane A. Parish

Journal of Extension

Google Trends can be a useful tool for Extension professionals in determining online interest in search terms. By knowing this information, online Extension content can be tailored to attract increased Internet traffic from search engines. An example comparison of "cattle nutrition' and similar search terms shows widely varying search interest amongst these terms in the United States from 2011 through 2014. Differences in search term popularity among locations and over time are also worth noting. This demonstrates the importance of making informed wording choices that consider search engine optimization when preparing Extension content for online distribution.

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Would Consumers Purchase A Wider Variety Of Produce And Products At West Virginia Farmers' Markets If They Were Available?, Kerri Wade, John Porter, Brenda Porter, Ami Cook, Hannah Fincham, Lauren Weatherford Jun 2015

Would Consumers Purchase A Wider Variety Of Produce And Products At West Virginia Farmers' Markets If They Were Available?, Kerri Wade, John Porter, Brenda Porter, Ami Cook, Hannah Fincham, Lauren Weatherford

Journal of Extension

This article examines whether or non-consumers would purchase different produce and products if they were available at farmers' markets in West Virginia? A statewide, multi-year research project has generated data to answer this question. Surveys were administered to indicate what consumers are purchasing at West Virginia farmers' markets and what they would like to purchase. Additional information was gathered to show public perceptions of the markets, consumer shopping habits, and reasons for not shopping at the market. Results show that there is consumer demand for a wider variety of produce at West Virginia farmers' markets.

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Improving Healthy Living Youth Development Program Outreach In Extension: Lessons Learned From The 4-H Health Rocks! Program, Muthusami Kumaran, Kate Fogarty, Whitney M. Fung, Amanda Terminello Jun 2015

Improving Healthy Living Youth Development Program Outreach In Extension: Lessons Learned From The 4-H Health Rocks! Program, Muthusami Kumaran, Kate Fogarty, Whitney M. Fung, Amanda Terminello

Journal of Extension

This article discusses a qualitative evaluation of the Florida 4-H Health Rocks! program aimed at youth alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use prevention. A questionnaire was distributed to Extension professionals across Florida to gain insight into the strengths and barriers they faced with programming. Programmatic strengths included targeting a significant issue, using experiential activities, building life skills, and emphasizing youth-adult partnerships. Major programmatic barriers included time constraints, unsuccessful recruitment of volunteers, and an inability to fulfill implementation requirements. Specific recommendations are proposed to Extension professionals in order to improve overall Extension programming.

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Empowering Youth To Take Charge Of School Wellness, Luanne J. Hughes, Leeanne Savoca, Alexandra Grenci Jun 2015

Empowering Youth To Take Charge Of School Wellness, Luanne J. Hughes, Leeanne Savoca, Alexandra Grenci

Journal of Extension

Youth Advisory Councils (YACs) ensure that students are represented in school wellness discussions. YACs empower students to present ideas, insights, and input on nutrition and physical activity; work alongside peers to assess wellness needs; and develop recommendations for enhancing/expanding the school wellness environment. YACs provide a platform for students to make positive impacts on their school's wellness policy. The YAC described in this article provided recommendations to increase fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy foods on the cafeteria menu; expand opportunities for physical activity; and enhance the school lunch experience in the cafeteria.

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Rural Health Care Information Access And The Use Of The Internet: Opportunity For University Extension, Biswa R. Dias, John C. Leatherman, Bonnie M. Bressers Apr 2015

Rural Health Care Information Access And The Use Of The Internet: Opportunity For University Extension, Biswa R. Dias, John C. Leatherman, Bonnie M. Bressers

Journal of Extension

The Internet has potential for improving health information delivery and strengthening connections between rural populations and local health service providers. An exploratory case study six rural health care markets in Kansas showed that about 70% of adults use the Internet, with substantial use for accessing health information. While there are statistical differences for general Internet use based on socio-economic characteristics, these "digital divides" are not so apparent in relation to Internet usage for health-related information. The study opens opportunities for Extension to include Internet usage as an added dimension to programs to aid in community and economic development.

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The Systematic Screening And Assessment Method: An Introduction And Application, Laura H. Downey, Donna J. Peterson, Suzanne Lemenestrel, Joanne Leatherman Apr 2015

The Systematic Screening And Assessment Method: An Introduction And Application, Laura H. Downey, Donna J. Peterson, Suzanne Lemenestrel, Joanne Leatherman

Journal of Extension

The Systematic Screening and Assessment method (SSA) could be a useful approach to identifying Extension programs being implemented, to describing the nature of those programs, and to highlighting those that have proven effective. After a general discussion of SSA, we provide an application of SSA as recently used to identify 4-H Healthy Living programs with evidence of improving diet; physical activity; and alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use prevention outcomes. Our goal is to increase awareness about SSA and to demonstrate that it can be used to expand the knowledge and reach of Extension programs with evidence of impact.

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Using Search Engine Optimization Techniques To Enhance The Visibility Of Web-Based Extension Fact Sheets, Reanna Moore, Elisa Shackleton, Laura Bellows Apr 2015

Using Search Engine Optimization Techniques To Enhance The Visibility Of Web-Based Extension Fact Sheets, Reanna Moore, Elisa Shackleton, Laura Bellows

Journal of Extension

To compete in today's online environment, Extension needs to increase its visibility through search engine results. The study reported here evaluated the impact of using Search Engine Optimization (SEO) techniques on six Web-based Extension Nutrition and Health fact sheets by examining data pre- and post-fact sheet revision from Google Analytics and rankings on Google results page. Comparing Pageviews data pre-and post-revision, the Pageviews for all six fact sheets increased, ranging from 101% to 281%, over a 3-month timeframe. Application of SEO techniques to Extension publications has the potential to increase the visibility of Extension's credible and research-based information.

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Effectiveness Of Nutrient Management Plans On Vermont Dairy Farms, Heather Darby, Philip Halterman, Debra Heleba Apr 2015

Effectiveness Of Nutrient Management Plans On Vermont Dairy Farms, Heather Darby, Philip Halterman, Debra Heleba

Journal of Extension

A nutrient management plan (NMP) is a tool that helps livestock farmers optimize crop nutrient use. A survey of Vermont dairy farmers was conducted to learn about farmers' implementation of and perceptions about the effects of NMPs. Results showed that 46% of the 301 respondents had NMPs, particularly large and medium size operations. The majority followed the plans most of the time (barring weather and other constraints). The study revealed that NMPs affected total perceived fertilizer use and adoption of conservation practices. It showed that the person(s) updating the NMP affected the frequency to which the plan's recommendations were consulted.

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Process Monitoring Evaluation Of An Online Program For Parents, Yaebin Kim, Jill R. Bowers, Sally Martin, Aaron Ebata Apr 2015

Process Monitoring Evaluation Of An Online Program For Parents, Yaebin Kim, Jill R. Bowers, Sally Martin, Aaron Ebata

Journal of Extension

We conducted a process monitoring evaluation of the electronic delivery system of Just in Time Parenting (JITP), an age-paced newsletter for parents, to evaluate program implementation. A visitor-tracking website statistics program (Google Analytics) revealed the number of visitors, geographic location in which they accessed newsletters, and how visitors got to the site. A commercial email marking platform (Bronto) revealed the number of confirmed subscribers, the states in which they lived, and the number of subscribers who opened the emails and clicked on the link to read the newsletters. Implications center on areas for improvement for JITP and online program improvement.

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Sequential Online Wellness Programming Is An Effective Strategy To Promote Behavior Change, Lindsay R. Macnab, Sarah L. Francis Apr 2015

Sequential Online Wellness Programming Is An Effective Strategy To Promote Behavior Change, Lindsay R. Macnab, Sarah L. Francis

Journal of Extension

The growing number of United States youth and adults categorized as overweight or obese illustrates a need for research-based family wellness interventions. Sequential, online, Extension-delivered family wellness interventions offer a time- and cost-effective approach for both participants and Extension educators. The 6-week, online Healthy Families Challenge (HFC) resulted in increased daily fruit and vegetable servings and leisure-time physical activity. These findings suggest that an Extension-delivered, sequential, online family wellness program is an effective education strategy.

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Can An Immersion In Wellness Camp Influence Youth Health Behaviors?, Elizabeth A. Mabary-Olsen, Ruth E. Litchfield, Randal Foster, Lorraine Lanningham-Foster, Christina G. Campbell Apr 2015

Can An Immersion In Wellness Camp Influence Youth Health Behaviors?, Elizabeth A. Mabary-Olsen, Ruth E. Litchfield, Randal Foster, Lorraine Lanningham-Foster, Christina G. Campbell

Journal of Extension

Summer 4-H camps present an untapped opportunity for advancement of mission mandates. The project reported here immersed campers in healthy living experiential learning. The goal was to improve self-efficacy and health behaviors related to nutrition and physical activity. Data was collected from enrolled campers through multiple survey tools. A total of 74 campers completed baseline surveys during summer 2012; 6-month follow-up rate was 72%. Camp improved intervention campers' nutrition knowledge (p

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What Is Your Library Worth? Extension Uses Public Value Workshops In Communities, Jane E. Haskell, George W. Morse Apr 2015

What Is Your Library Worth? Extension Uses Public Value Workshops In Communities, Jane E. Haskell, George W. Morse

Journal of Extension

Public libraries are seeing flat or reduced funding even as demands for new services are increasing. Facing an identical problem, Extension developed a program to identify the indirect benefits to non-participants of Extension programs in order to encourage their public funding support. This educational approach was customized to public libraries and piloted with 15 libraries. Evaluations demonstrated that the approach was popular and effective in changing local practices. Strategies are shared for customizing Extension's public value program so that any public program can articulate short private and public value statements.

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Cook Like A Chef 1- And 4-Week Camp Models, Margaret D. Condrasky, Glenda Johnson, Anne Corr, Julila L. Sharp Apr 2015

Cook Like A Chef 1- And 4-Week Camp Models, Margaret D. Condrasky, Glenda Johnson, Anne Corr, Julila L. Sharp

Journal of Extension

Children participating in cooking classes gain confidence in their abilities to prepare food. If children are to make informed, healthy, food ingredient and cooking method choices, they need to be equipped with these necessary skills, as well as with nutrition competence. Extension programs that incorporate nutrition and hands-on cooking can present a challenge; yet with tools and support this mission can be accomplished with ease and finesse.

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Captivate Your Audience By Turning Powerpoint Presentations Into Interactive E-Learning Content, Montessa Young, Ronda Hirnyck, Ariel Agenbroad, Edward J. Bechinski Apr 2015

Captivate Your Audience By Turning Powerpoint Presentations Into Interactive E-Learning Content, Montessa Young, Ronda Hirnyck, Ariel Agenbroad, Edward J. Bechinski

Journal of Extension

Adobe® Captivate software provides educators with a tool to create interactive distance learning modules. This article describes how Adobe® Captivate was used to increase engagement of volunteer learners. An Adobe® Captivate module was created for the University of Idaho Master Gardener program to educate and test new Master Gardener volunteers on the pesticide policy of the University of Idaho. The data collected from the online course demonstrated that it was an effective and time-efficient way to educate volunteers. Hosting the course in a learning management system, such as eXtension.org Moodle campus, also provided the necessary university documentation for volunteer training.

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Formative Evaluation Of Efnep Curriculum: Ensuring The Eating Smart • Being Active Curriculum Is Theory Based, Elana Natker, Susan S. Baker, Garry Auld, Kathryn Mcgirr Feb 2015

Formative Evaluation Of Efnep Curriculum: Ensuring The Eating Smart • Being Active Curriculum Is Theory Based, Elana Natker, Susan S. Baker, Garry Auld, Kathryn Mcgirr

Journal of Extension

The project reported here served to assess a curriculum for EFNEP to ensure theory compliance and content validity. Adherence to Adult Learning Theory and Social Cognitive Theory tenets was determined. A curriculum assessment tool was developed and used by five reviewers to assess initial and revised versions of the curriculum. T-tests for differences in mean responses from initial review to follow-up for each tenet and Cronbach's α for internal consistency of each tenet were conducted. Reviews found that the Eating Smart • Being Active curriculum successfully incorporated tenets of both theories and content remained true to Dietary Guidelines.

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Evaluating Impacts Of School-Based Extension Garden Programs From A Child's Perspective, Mary T. Rodriguez, Alexa J. Lamm, Erica Odera, Courtney Owens Feb 2015

Evaluating Impacts Of School-Based Extension Garden Programs From A Child's Perspective, Mary T. Rodriguez, Alexa J. Lamm, Erica Odera, Courtney Owens

Journal of Extension

Minority children and adolescents living in rural areas, below poverty guidelines, are less likely to engage in healthy food choices or a healthy lifestyle, and this contributes to obesity issues. Providing children with the skills and knowledge to lead healthy lives is a way to combat this epidemic. Focus groups were conducted at three Extension school-based gardens to determine participants' perspectives on the impacts of participation. It was determined that Extension school-based gardens provide children with the opportunity to engage in learning about healthy eating and food production, while engaging in activity outside of the classroom.

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Effects Of Colony Creation Method And Beekeeper Education On Honeybee (Apis Mellifera) Mortality, J Reed Findlay, Benjamin Eborn, Wayne Jones Feb 2015

Effects Of Colony Creation Method And Beekeeper Education On Honeybee (Apis Mellifera) Mortality, J Reed Findlay, Benjamin Eborn, Wayne Jones

Journal of Extension

The two-part study reported here analyzed the effects of beekeeper education and colony creation methods on colony mortality. The first study examined the difference in hive mortality between hives managed by beekeepers who had received formal training in beekeeping with beekeepers who had not. The second study examined the effect on hive mortality between hives that were initiated as nucleus or package colonies. Colonies created from package bees were more likely to survive for 1 year than nucleus colonies. Colonies managed by beekeepers who had received formal education also exhibited better survival rates than those managed by non-educated beekeepers.

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