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Articles 121 - 150 of 262
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Effects Of Continuous Aerobic Exercise On Skeletal Muscle Atrophy Induced By Heart Failure, Carolina Tonon, Bertha F. Polegato, Quinten Pigg, Dillon Harris, Aaron Garcia, Daniela S. Inoue, Mariana Janini Gomes
Effects Of Continuous Aerobic Exercise On Skeletal Muscle Atrophy Induced By Heart Failure, Carolina Tonon, Bertha F. Polegato, Quinten Pigg, Dillon Harris, Aaron Garcia, Daniela S. Inoue, Mariana Janini Gomes
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Heart failure is a common and severe disease that worsens morbidity, mortality, and quality of life. One of the clinical manifestations of heart failure is peripheral muscular atrophy, whose presence impacts the prognosis of heart failure patients. Inflammation is one of the main mechanisms related to muscle atrophy. We hypothesized that inflammation, through excessive activation of the Nlrp3 inflammasome, would be tightly associated with skeletal muscle atrophy induced by heart failure. Additionally, aerobic exercise, well known for its anti-inflammatory action, would counteract this condition in a rat model of heart failure. PURPOSE: We aimed to evaluate the effects of continuous …
Correlations Between Measured-To-Predicted Resting Metabolic Rate Ratio And Psychological Variables In Active Women, Jaylynn Rasco, Madelin R. Siedler, Christian Rodriguez, Christine M. Florez, Christian Lavalle, Ethan Tinoco, Alexandra Brojanac, Grant M. Tinsley
Correlations Between Measured-To-Predicted Resting Metabolic Rate Ratio And Psychological Variables In Active Women, Jaylynn Rasco, Madelin R. Siedler, Christian Rodriguez, Christine M. Florez, Christian Lavalle, Ethan Tinoco, Alexandra Brojanac, Grant M. Tinsley
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
RMRratio provides an indication of energy availability by comparing measured resting metabolic rate (RMR) to that predicted by an equation using values such as age, height, and lean mass. RMRratio has been associated with psychological variables such as cognitive restraint (CR) and Drive for Thinness (DT) in young, active women. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess the strength of correlation between these psychometric variables and RMRratio values using a variety of RMR prediction equations. METHODS: Forty-one generally healthy women were included in this analysis. All participants self-attested to engaging in two or more hours of moderate- to …
Morning Vs Afternoon Differences In Hydration Status Assessments, Karissa A. Mesquita, Jan-Joseph S. Rolloque, Marcos Keefe, Ryan Dunn, Casey Appell, Nigel Jiwan, Hui-Ying Luk, Yasuki Sekiguchi
Morning Vs Afternoon Differences In Hydration Status Assessments, Karissa A. Mesquita, Jan-Joseph S. Rolloque, Marcos Keefe, Ryan Dunn, Casey Appell, Nigel Jiwan, Hui-Ying Luk, Yasuki Sekiguchi
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
First-morning spot samples are commonly used to assess hydration status accurately. However, there is a lack of literature examining the accuracy of afternoon spot samples to assess hydration status compared to the morning samples and the relationships between variables, especially in the afternoon assessments. PURPOSE: To compare the accuracy of using spot samples to monitor hydration status in both morning and afternoon and to identify relationships between each hydration assessment. METHODS: 24 participants (12 males; age: 21±2years, mass: 81.0±15.9kg; 12 females; age: 22±3 years, mass: 68.8±15.2kg) completed this study. Hydration measurements of urinary indices (urine color [UCOL …
The Effect Of Eccentric Muscle-Damaging Exercise In The Heat On Perceptual Stress Measures During Future Exertional-Heat Exposure, Erica A. Hollis, Ryan Dunn, Casey Appell, Marcos Keefe, Nigel Jiwan, Hui-Ying Luk, Yasuki Sekiguchi
The Effect Of Eccentric Muscle-Damaging Exercise In The Heat On Perceptual Stress Measures During Future Exertional-Heat Exposure, Erica A. Hollis, Ryan Dunn, Casey Appell, Marcos Keefe, Nigel Jiwan, Hui-Ying Luk, Yasuki Sekiguchi
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Multiple bouts of exertional-heat exposure can assist in reducing the magnitude of perceived stress during future heat exposures. Recently, eccentric muscle-damaging exercise has also been proposed as a beneficial preconditioning modality to assist with exercise in the heat due to the potential effects on improving physiological and thermoregulatory responses during exercise. PURPOSE: This study investigated the effect of muscle-damaging exercise in the heat, compared to a thermoneutral condition, on minimizing perceptual stress during future exertional-heat exposure. METHODS: Ten physically active males (mean ± SD; age, 23 ± 3 years; body mass, 78.7 ± 11.5 kg; height, 176.9 ± …
Relationship Between Muscle Cross-Sectional Area And Counter-Movement Jump Performance In Semi-Professional Athletes, Tyler B. Mccollum, Jan-Joseph S. Rolloque, Kealey J. Wohlgemuth, Marcos Keefe, Kathryn E. Southall, Mckenzie M. Hare, Ruben Moya, Kelly B. Elliott, Jacob A. Mota, Yasuki Sekiguchi
Relationship Between Muscle Cross-Sectional Area And Counter-Movement Jump Performance In Semi-Professional Athletes, Tyler B. Mccollum, Jan-Joseph S. Rolloque, Kealey J. Wohlgemuth, Marcos Keefe, Kathryn E. Southall, Mckenzie M. Hare, Ruben Moya, Kelly B. Elliott, Jacob A. Mota, Yasuki Sekiguchi
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) has been identified as a major predictor of the force production capabilities in athletes, while countermovement jumps (CMJ) can be used to assess power production translated into jump height. However, there is a lack of literature looking at the relationship between CSA and CMJ performance in athletes at different timepoints throughout a competitive season. PURPOSE: To examine the relationship between change in lower limb muscle CSA and CMJ performance in semi-professional soccer players over the course of a season. METHODS: Twenty-three male players (mean ± standard deviation; age: 21.3 ± 2 years; height: 178.4 ± 6.7 …
Validity Of Body Volume Estimates From A Smartphone 3-Dimensional Scanning Application, Ethan G. Tinoco, Christian Rodriguez, Madelin R. Siedler, Christian Lavalle, Christine M. Florez, Sarah White, Alexandra Brojanac, Jaylynn Rasco, Gabrielle Dehaven, Grant M. Tinsley
Validity Of Body Volume Estimates From A Smartphone 3-Dimensional Scanning Application, Ethan G. Tinoco, Christian Rodriguez, Madelin R. Siedler, Christian Lavalle, Christine M. Florez, Sarah White, Alexandra Brojanac, Jaylynn Rasco, Gabrielle Dehaven, Grant M. Tinsley
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Body volume (BV) indicates the total 3-dimensional (3D) space an individual occupies. BV is either used alongside body mass in density-based two-compartment models or in conjunction with other body components in multi-compartment models to estimate body composition (BC). BV estimates are typically produced by costly laboratory methods, such as hydrostatic weighing or air-displacement plethysmography (ADP). However, more accessible options are emerging. Smartphone-based 3D scanning uses the phone’s built-in camera to provide a BV estimate in a time-efficient and cost-effective manner. However, few investigations have validated this method against an accepted laboratory technique. PURPOSE: To determine the validity of BV from …
Characterization Of Physical And Cognitive Performance And Hydration In Older Adults, Corey Lawrence, Casey R. Appell, Nigel C. Jiwan, Jarrod Blinch, Alan T. Ky, Ruben M. Moya, Cherish A. Keeney, Yasuki Sekiguchi, Hui-Ying Luk
Characterization Of Physical And Cognitive Performance And Hydration In Older Adults, Corey Lawrence, Casey R. Appell, Nigel C. Jiwan, Jarrod Blinch, Alan T. Ky, Ruben M. Moya, Cherish A. Keeney, Yasuki Sekiguchi, Hui-Ying Luk
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
In younger adults, dehydration has been shown to impair physical and cognitive performance. Older adults are habitually hypohydrated alongside experiencing physical and cognitive performance deficits. Despite these deficits, the link between these factors remains unexplored. Purpose: To examine the effect of hydration status on physical and cognitive performance in older adults. Methods: Sixteen (5 men and 11 women) community-dwelling adults (74±7yr; 78.2±15.0kg; 161±11cm) completed measurements of hydration status (urine specific gravity [USG], urine color), bioelectrical impedance analysis (lean mass, fat mass, total body fluid, intracellular to extracellular fluid ratio [ICF: ECF]), blood pressure, physical performance (handgrip strength test, sit-to-stand test, …
Effects Of Menstrual Cycle Phase On Cold Pressor Test Responses, Zachary R. Oldham, Caitlin P. Jarrard, Craig G. Crandall
Effects Of Menstrual Cycle Phase On Cold Pressor Test Responses, Zachary R. Oldham, Caitlin P. Jarrard, Craig G. Crandall
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Previous research has demonstrated women in the luteal phase have a greater time to pain threshold with similar cardiovascular responses during a cold pressor test (CPT), however, not all studies have confirmed these findings. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that during a CPT, perceived pain will be lower in females in the luteal phase, with no difference in the accompanying cardiovascular or autonomic responses to that CPT between menstrual cycle phases. METHODS: Thirty healthy women, 15 in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle (age: 27 ± 5 yrs, body mass: 73 …
Dehydration And Resistance Exercise Increased Muscle And Immune Cell Oxidative Stress In Trained Men, Casey R. Appell, Nigel C. Jiwan, Yasuki Sekiguchi, Danielle E. Levitt, Hui-Ying Luk
Dehydration And Resistance Exercise Increased Muscle And Immune Cell Oxidative Stress In Trained Men, Casey R. Appell, Nigel C. Jiwan, Yasuki Sekiguchi, Danielle E. Levitt, Hui-Ying Luk
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Dehydration induced osmotic stress and resistance exercise (RE) independently increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) could lead to cellular stress in skeletal muscle (SkM) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The proper cellular function of SkM and PBMCs is critical to SkM recovery upon damage. Moreover, increased circulatory ROS can stress vascular endothelium, impacting nutrient delivery to tissues. PURPOSE: To examine the combination of dehydration and single RE bout-induced [H2O2] in SkM, PBMCs, and in circulation in RE-trained men. METHODS: RE-trained men (n=11, 21±1yr, height: 175.9±6.2cm, body weight: 79.2±12.3kg, 18.4±6.7%fat) completed two identical RE bouts either …
The Effects Of Hydration Status On Heart Rate Variability Following Supramaximal Intensity Exercise, Ryan A. Dunn, Nigel C. Jiwan, Casey R. Appell, Andrew Schindel, Ryan Ellis, Jayln Dunlap, Christopher Washington, Isabell R. Trevino, Carson Lewis, Ruben E. Moya, Jan-Joseph S. Rolloque, Marcos S. Keefe, Hui-Ying Luk, Yasuki Sekiguchi
The Effects Of Hydration Status On Heart Rate Variability Following Supramaximal Intensity Exercise, Ryan A. Dunn, Nigel C. Jiwan, Casey R. Appell, Andrew Schindel, Ryan Ellis, Jayln Dunlap, Christopher Washington, Isabell R. Trevino, Carson Lewis, Ruben E. Moya, Jan-Joseph S. Rolloque, Marcos S. Keefe, Hui-Ying Luk, Yasuki Sekiguchi
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Heart rate variability (HRV) is a non-invasive method used to monitor physiological stress via assessment of sympathetic and parasympathetic regulations and can indicate an individual’s recovery and readiness to exercise. Evidence suggests dehydration negatively impacts HRV; however, the influence of hydration status on HRV following supramaximal resistance exercise (RE) is unknown. PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of hydration status on HRV indices following supramaximal intensity RE. METHODS: 14 recreationally resistance-trained men (age, 21 ± 2 years; height, 176.25 ± 5.84 cm; weight, 81.31 ± 12.77 kg) participated in this study. In a randomized, counterbalanced order, participants performed a supramaximal intensity …
Optimal Ranges Of Training Load And Recovery Status Prior To The Game To Maximize Game-Day Performance In Soccer, Cherish Keeney, Kelly B. Elliott, Jan-Joseph S. Rolloque, Ruben Moya, Kathryn E. Southall, Kealey J. Wohlgemuth, Jacob A. Mota, Yasuki Sekiguchi
Optimal Ranges Of Training Load And Recovery Status Prior To The Game To Maximize Game-Day Performance In Soccer, Cherish Keeney, Kelly B. Elliott, Jan-Joseph S. Rolloque, Ruben Moya, Kathryn E. Southall, Kealey J. Wohlgemuth, Jacob A. Mota, Yasuki Sekiguchi
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Identifying ideal ranges of training load (TL) and recovery status before soccer games is essential to maximize game-day performance. PURPOSE: To determine how accumulative TL and subjective fatigue affect performance during the game. METHODS: Twenty-one male semi-professional soccer players (mean ± standard deviation; age: 22 ± 2 years; mass: 77.3 ± 6.9 kg) wore a player tracking device to monitor TL during each practice and game. A 7-day accumulation of high speed running and sprinting (HSR+Sprint, ³12.30 mph), total distance (TD), low acceleration (LowACC: 0.50-1.99 m×s-2), and high acceleration (HighACC: 2.00-50.00 m×s …
Firefighters Versus Law Enforcement Officers: A Comparison Of Cardiovascular Disease Risk, Bethany C. Guerra, Hunter Martaindale, Steven E. Martin, Lisa C. Colvin, Drew E. Gonzalez, Matthew J. Mcallister
Firefighters Versus Law Enforcement Officers: A Comparison Of Cardiovascular Disease Risk, Bethany C. Guerra, Hunter Martaindale, Steven E. Martin, Lisa C. Colvin, Drew E. Gonzalez, Matthew J. Mcallister
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Firefighters (FF) and law enforcement officers (LEO) have heightened cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk due to the stressful nature of their occupations. Data suggest that 45% of on-duty FF fatalities are related to CVD, while LEO have a 1.7 times higher CVD prevalence compared to the general public. To our knowledge, studies comparing FF to LEO, in terms of CVD risk factors, have not been published. This information is necessary to better understand differences in occupational disease risk, as well as to help bridge the gap between stress and CVD markers. PURPOSE: To compare CVD risk biomarkers, fitness, and body …
Validation Of A Non-Invasive Physiological Stress Assessment: Agreement Of Salivary And Blood Cortisol Among Firefighters, Caiti Dodge, Hunter Martaindale, Steven E. Martin, Lisa C. Colvin, Drew E. Gonzalez, Matthew J. Mcallister
Validation Of A Non-Invasive Physiological Stress Assessment: Agreement Of Salivary And Blood Cortisol Among Firefighters, Caiti Dodge, Hunter Martaindale, Steven E. Martin, Lisa C. Colvin, Drew E. Gonzalez, Matthew J. Mcallister
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Salivary cortisol has been used as an indicator of stress exposure among tactical personnel (i.e., firefighters). Assessing cortisol concentrations, whether via blood or saliva samples, can provide valuable insight into the physiological stress load placed upon the firefighter. Cortisol levels provide a reflection of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity. Salivary cortisol is unbound and has been suggested to provide a better reflection of HPA axis activity compared to blood cortisol, which is bound to soluble corticosteroid-binding globulin. Importantly, the use of salivary biosample collection also offers a more practical and non-invasive method to assess physiological stress biomarkers when blood sample …
Relationship Between Body Fat Distribution And Cardiovascular Disease Risk Biomarkers Among Firefighters, Macilynn E. Coles, M. Hunter Martaindale, Steven E. Martin, Lisa C. Colvin, Drew E. Gonzalez, Matthew J. Mcallister
Relationship Between Body Fat Distribution And Cardiovascular Disease Risk Biomarkers Among Firefighters, Macilynn E. Coles, M. Hunter Martaindale, Steven E. Martin, Lisa C. Colvin, Drew E. Gonzalez, Matthew J. Mcallister
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Firefighters are at risk of premature mortality due to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Firefighting is linked to elevations in oxidative stress, inflammation, and stress biomarkers, which all play a role in the development and progression of CVD. High prevalence rates of overweight and obesity have been found among U.S. firefighters. Obesity is considered a CVD risk factor, and firefighters who are classified as overweight or obese have been shown to express lower levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and higher levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation. However, little is …
Body Composition And Anthropometric Changes During A 10-Week Training Academy In Police Recruits, Christian D. Lavalle, Christian Rodriguez, Ethan Tinoco, Madelin R. Siedler, Christine M. Florez, Kealey J. Wohlgemuth, Carina M. Velasquez, Kathryn E. Southall, Mckenzie M. Hare, Jacob A. Mota, Grant M. Tinsley
Body Composition And Anthropometric Changes During A 10-Week Training Academy In Police Recruits, Christian D. Lavalle, Christian Rodriguez, Ethan Tinoco, Madelin R. Siedler, Christine M. Florez, Kealey J. Wohlgemuth, Carina M. Velasquez, Kathryn E. Southall, Mckenzie M. Hare, Jacob A. Mota, Grant M. Tinsley
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors are often present in law enforcement personnel, which may compromise physical readiness and long-term health. As such, physical fitness interventions are warranted for promoting officers' performance and wellbeing. PURPOSE: To determine the body composition and anthropometric changes experienced by police recruits undergoing a departmental training academy. METHODS: Twenty-one police recruits (20 M, 1 F; age: 25.1 ± 5.0 y; BMI: 27.8 ± 4.3 kg/m2) were tested before and after a 10-week training academy in Lubbock, Texas. Supervised physical training was conducted 5 times per week and consisted of ~1–1.5 hours of …
Comparing The Validity Of Five Different Resting Metabolic Rate Prediction Equations In Active Women, Madelin R. Siedler, Christian Rodriguez, Christine M. Florez, Christian Lavalle, Ethan Tinoco, Alexandra Brojanac, Jaylynn Rasco, Grant M. Tinsley
Comparing The Validity Of Five Different Resting Metabolic Rate Prediction Equations In Active Women, Madelin R. Siedler, Christian Rodriguez, Christine M. Florez, Christian Lavalle, Ethan Tinoco, Alexandra Brojanac, Jaylynn Rasco, Grant M. Tinsley
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Resting metabolic rate (RMR) prediction equations are often used in settings where the measurement of RMR through indirect calorimetry (IC) may not be feasible. However, commonly used equations developed in less active populations may not accurately predict RMR in active individuals who have a higher proportion of lean tissue. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the validity of RMR prediction equations by Harris & Benedict (1918), Cunningham (1980 and 1991), DeLorenzo (1999), and ten Haaf & Weijs (2014) against a criterion model (IC) in a population of active women. METHODS: Forty-one generally healthy women were …
Body Fat Percentage Estimation From Smartphone Three-Dimensional Optical Imaging, Christine M. Florez, Christian Rodriguez, Madelin R. Siedler, Ethan Tinoco, Grant M. Tinsley
Body Fat Percentage Estimation From Smartphone Three-Dimensional Optical Imaging, Christine M. Florez, Christian Rodriguez, Madelin R. Siedler, Ethan Tinoco, Grant M. Tinsley
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Body composition is an important component of overall health. The development of digital assessment methods has led to increased interest in devices that allow users to monitor their own body composition. Smartphone applications with three-dimensional optical imaging (3DO) capabilities are a user-friendly technology capable of predicting percent body fat (BF%) from relevant body measurements. PURPOSE: To determine the validity of two BF% equations using smartphone 3DO data, as compared to a 4-compartment (4C) model criterion, and to produce a new BF% estimation equation. METHODS: At a single laboratory visit, 60 participants (28 F, 32 M; [mean ± SD] …
The Effect Of Morning Thirst On Afternoon Hydration Status, Kelly B. Elliott, Marcos Keefe, Jan-Joseph S. Rolloque, Nigel Jiwan, Hui-Ying Luk, Yasuki Sekiguchi
The Effect Of Morning Thirst On Afternoon Hydration Status, Kelly B. Elliott, Marcos Keefe, Jan-Joseph S. Rolloque, Nigel Jiwan, Hui-Ying Luk, Yasuki Sekiguchi
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Thirst sensation is an important stimulus for drinking behavior; however, the effect of thirst sensation on later hydration status remains unclear. PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of morning thirst on afternoon hydration status. METHODS: Twelve men (mean ± standard deviation; age: 21 ± 2 years; mass: 81.0 ± 15.9 kg) and twelve women (age: 22 ± 3 years; mass: 68.8 ± 15.2 kg) visited the laboratory in the morning (first morning) and afternoon (2:00-4:00pm) for three consecutive days under a free-living condition. At each visit, participants provided a urine sample where urine indices were analyzed (urine specific gravity [USG], urine …
Technical And Biological Error Of Skeletal Muscle Mass Estimation From Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry, Christian Rodriguez, Madelin R. Siedler, Christine M. Florez, Grant M. Tinsley
Technical And Biological Error Of Skeletal Muscle Mass Estimation From Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry, Christian Rodriguez, Madelin R. Siedler, Christine M. Florez, Grant M. Tinsley
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
The increasing prevalence of conditions like sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity, frailty, and cachexia emphasizes the need for reliable methods to estimate skeletal muscle mass (SMM). Data obtained from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) can be used within prediction equations to estimate whole-body SMM. However, limited data are available to inform the reliability of SMM estimates from prediction equations. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the technical and biological error of SMM estimation across two DXA devices. METHODS: A sample of 18 generally healthy adults (11 F, 7 M; [mean ± SD] age 24.4 ± 8.7 y, body mass index …
Sleep Duration Is Increased Following Muscle Damaging Exercise In Hot Environmental Conditions, Marcos Keefe, Ryan A. Dunn, Casey R. Appell, Nigel C. Jiwan, Jan-Joseph S. Rolloque, Hui-Ying Luk, Yasuki Sekiguchi
Sleep Duration Is Increased Following Muscle Damaging Exercise In Hot Environmental Conditions, Marcos Keefe, Ryan A. Dunn, Casey R. Appell, Nigel C. Jiwan, Jan-Joseph S. Rolloque, Hui-Ying Luk, Yasuki Sekiguchi
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Sleep and recovery measures are typically negatively affected by a muscle-damaging bout of exercise. However, it remains unknown if the additive effects of hot environmental conditions, resulting in increased core temperature and other thermoregulatory responses during the exercise bout, further progress changes in quantity and performance quality of sleep duration. PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of muscle-damaging exercise in the heat, compared to a thermoneutral condition, on sleep and recovery measures. METHODS: Ten healthy males (age: 23 ± 3yr; body mass: 78.7 ± 11.5kg; height: 176.9 ± 5cm; lactate threshold [LT]: 9.7 ± 1.0km.hr-1) performed two …
Exploring The Role Of Mental Toughness In Bone Mineral Content: A Preliminary Study, Marissa Zeno, Tomas Chapman-Lopez, Ricardo Torres, Jordan Ledington, Madelin R. Siedler, Christian Rodriguez, Jeff S. Forsse, Grant M. Tinsley, Andreas Stamatis
Exploring The Role Of Mental Toughness In Bone Mineral Content: A Preliminary Study, Marissa Zeno, Tomas Chapman-Lopez, Ricardo Torres, Jordan Ledington, Madelin R. Siedler, Christian Rodriguez, Jeff S. Forsse, Grant M. Tinsley, Andreas Stamatis
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Bone mineral content (BMC), a measure of the mineral content within a person’s bones, is an important parameter in the assessment of bone health. Changes in BMC can be indicative of bone-related conditions. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is one of the most widely used and accurate methods for measuring BMC. Sex, age, race, and BMI are known to influence BMC. Physical activity is positively related to BMC levels. Mental toughness (MT) is conceptualized as a state-like psychological resource conducive to goal-oriented pursuits and is positively linked to physical activity outcomes. The relationship between MT and BMC has not been explored. …
Cultural Normalization Of Risk?: Exploring Brain Injury In The National Football League Using Sociocultural Analysis, Ali V. Willing, Jafra D. Thomas
Cultural Normalization Of Risk?: Exploring Brain Injury In The National Football League Using Sociocultural Analysis, Ali V. Willing, Jafra D. Thomas
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
The NFL's history includes the organization's fight against numerous lawsuits alleging excessive risk of brain injury to current and former players. A billion-dollar legal settlement by the NFL in 2022 illustrates the issue's gravity. PURPOSE: We aimed to understand why, culturally, the NFL has 'failed' to avert serious harm alleged by the lawsuits, given the lawsuits' magnitude and the known brain-injury risks of playing tackle football. METHODS: The NFL's rhetoric towards safety concerns and recommendations for injury prevention were examined vis-a-vis qualitative analysis of its organizational and media practices. This study was through one undergraduate end-of-term project focused …
Comparison Of Landing Variables Between Countermovement Jump Landings And Drop Vertical Jump Landings From Equal Heights, Mia Hite, Katie N. Harris, John Robert Harry
Comparison Of Landing Variables Between Countermovement Jump Landings And Drop Vertical Jump Landings From Equal Heights, Mia Hite, Katie N. Harris, John Robert Harry
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
The countermovement jump (CMJ) and drop vertical jump (DVJ) are often used as a measurement of physical ability or performance potential, while analysis of landing can provide crucial information regarding injury risk. In theory, similar landing strategies should be employed when CMJ jump height and DVJ drop height are controlled, yet we know of no studies have investigated this possibility. PURPOSE: to examine and compare landing characteristics between CMJ and DVJ when flight height is controlled. METHODS: Forty (20 males; 20 females; 22.5 ± 4.3 years, 1.7 ± 0.1 m, 73.2 ± 13.3 kg) recreationally active individuals performed …
Selective Inhibition Of Ribosomal Biogenesis Over Cap-Dependent Translation By Rapamycin In L6 Myotubes, Selina Uranga, James D. Fluckey
Selective Inhibition Of Ribosomal Biogenesis Over Cap-Dependent Translation By Rapamycin In L6 Myotubes, Selina Uranga, James D. Fluckey
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
The mechanistic target of rapamycin, or mTOR, lies at the center of skeletal muscle anabolic regulation. The mTOR kinase has at least two complexes that aide in carrying out responses to anabolic signals. Complex 1 (mTORC1) activation leads to cap-dependent translation and ribosomal biogenesis via phosphorylation of its two downstream targets 4EBP1 and P70S6K respectively. mTORC1 is inhibited by rapamycin while mTORC2 is not; however, cap-dependent translation via mTORC1 may still occur under rapamycin inhibition. PURPOSE: To identify timing and mechanistic pathway by which selective skeletal muscle anabolism continues in the presence of rapamycin inhibition. METHODS: Murine L6 …
Pressor And Sympathetic Responses To Graded Skeletal Muscle Metaboreflex Activation In Females With Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis, Claire E. Trotter, Benjamin E. Young, Caitlin P. Jarrard, Scott A. Smith, Paul J. Fadel, Mu Huang, Scott L. Davis
Pressor And Sympathetic Responses To Graded Skeletal Muscle Metaboreflex Activation In Females With Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis, Claire E. Trotter, Benjamin E. Young, Caitlin P. Jarrard, Scott A. Smith, Paul J. Fadel, Mu Huang, Scott L. Davis
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive disease characterized by demyelination in the central nervous system which disproportionately impacts females. Previous studies suggest MS-related exercise intolerance may be due to abnormal control of arterial blood pressure (BP) via the skeletal muscle metaboreflex. However, few studies have been performed and equivocal results reported. Discontinuity in prior data may be due to limited perturbation of metaboreflex activation using only low and moderate intensity exercise. PURPOSE: The purpose of this investigation was to test the hypothesis that females with MS have blunted BP and sympathetic responses to graded static handgrip (HG) exercise and isolated …
Thirst Sensation Does Not Effect Reaction Time But Decreses Mood In Men, Alan Ky, Hui-Ying Luk, Jarrod Blinch, Yasuki Sekiguchi
Thirst Sensation Does Not Effect Reaction Time But Decreses Mood In Men, Alan Ky, Hui-Ying Luk, Jarrod Blinch, Yasuki Sekiguchi
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Exercise in hot environments results in dehydration accompanied by thirst sensation, a vital signal for fluid homeostasis. While cognitive performance and mood have been studied with exercise in hot environments and in dehydration states, no studies have investigated the effect of inducing thirst on cognitive performance and mood. PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of inducing thirst on cognitive performance and mood. METHODS: Twelve recreationally active men (mean±SE age: 29±3.6 years; body mass: 74.7±2.3 kg; height, 179.4±2.0 cm; maximal oxygen consumption [VO2max]: 49.8±1.9 ml·kg−1·min−1) performed 90 mins of cycling at 55% VO2max …
Assessing The Most Effective Heat Adaptation Method For Endurance Performance In The Heat: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Dorian-David M. Smith, Ryan Dunn, Yasuki Sekiguchi
Assessing The Most Effective Heat Adaptation Method For Endurance Performance In The Heat: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Dorian-David M. Smith, Ryan Dunn, Yasuki Sekiguchi
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
The consequences of increasing global warming and the globalization of elite sport have produced increased exposure to episodes of extreme heat for athletes at major sporting events. Heat acclimatization and acclimation (HA) are widely used heat mitigation strategies that aim to help athletes combat the effects of heat-stress on athletic performance and susceptibility to exertional-heat illness. PURPOSE: To assess and quantify the effect of different HA methods on the magnitude of performance and physiological adaptations in endurance trained athletes METHODS: A literature search was conducted in PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, and Cochrane-Library, with data from 23 studies gathered for …
Autophagy Is Required For Mtor-Mediated Anabolism In Skeletal Muscle, Patrick Ryan, Sean Stanelle, Megan Humphries, Colleen L. O'Reilly, Selina Uranga, Jessica M. Cardin, James D. Fluckey
Autophagy Is Required For Mtor-Mediated Anabolism In Skeletal Muscle, Patrick Ryan, Sean Stanelle, Megan Humphries, Colleen L. O'Reilly, Selina Uranga, Jessica M. Cardin, James D. Fluckey
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
PURPOSE: While much has been discovered about the role autophagy in protein degradation, recent evidence suggests that autophagy is required for muscular adaptations to exercise, hinting at a hitherto unknown cross-talk between autophagic proteolysis and muscle protein anabolism. Here, we set out to further elucidate the metabolic mechanisms by which autophagy may influence protein anabolism. METHODS: L6 myoblasts received either electrical pulse stimulation (EPS) to induce muscle contraction or were unstimulated to serve as controls, and were then treated with an inhibitor of the ATG4 enzyme which catalyzes the initial step of autophagy NSC185058 (NSC, 100 μM) or DMSO as …
Test-Retest Reliability Of Automatic And Manual Image Analyses Of Muscle Size, Carina M. Velasquez, Kealey J. Wohlgemuth, Mckenzie M. Hare, Malia N.M. Blue, Jacob A. Mota
Test-Retest Reliability Of Automatic And Manual Image Analyses Of Muscle Size, Carina M. Velasquez, Kealey J. Wohlgemuth, Mckenzie M. Hare, Malia N.M. Blue, Jacob A. Mota
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Brightness-mode (B-mode) ultrasound is a non-invasive imaging modality that has risen in popularity. In research settings, B-mode ultrasound is often used to assess skeletal muscle size via the quantification of the anatomical cross-sectional area (ACSA). Typically, these images are analyzed by an experienced investigator using open-source software, though it is a time-consuming process that may introduce implicit bias into the analysis. Recently, a novel, automatic ultrasound image analysis tool has been developed which may reduce bias and increase the reliability of ultrasound ACSA image analysis. PURPOSE: The purpose of the project was to compare the test-retest reliability of manual …
Performance Improvements From Heat Acclimation, Heat Acclimatization, Kelvin O. Obazughanmwen, Ryan Dunn, Yasuki Sekiguchi
Performance Improvements From Heat Acclimation, Heat Acclimatization, Kelvin O. Obazughanmwen, Ryan Dunn, Yasuki Sekiguchi
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Heat acclimation/acclimatization (HA/HAz) are important heat mitigation strategies that help develop heat tolerance from prolonged and repeated exposure to a hot environment, subsequently improving exercise performance in the heat. PURPOSE: To assess and quantify the magnitude of performance benefits of short- (STHA), medium- (MTHA), and long-term HA (LTHA) in endurance-trained athletes. METHODS: A literature search was conducted in PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, and Cochrane-Library, with data from 23 studies extracted for analysis. Subgroup analysis distinguished differences in performance and thermoregulatory adaptations between short-, medium- and long-term HA interventions. RESULTS: HA produced significant improvements in time trial performance (Effect …