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Computer Recording Of The Variation In Intake Of Supplements Provided To Grazing Cattler, R M. Tait, L J. Fisher
Computer Recording Of The Variation In Intake Of Supplements Provided To Grazing Cattler, R M. Tait, L J. Fisher
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A computer system has been developed to record the consumption of' supplements provided free choice to grazing cattle. The system is based on electronic animal identification and one or more weatherproof electronic scales located in simple feed stations connected by telephone cable to a computer at a distance of up to 1 km. The software program identifies and records individual animals, • time and duration of visits, and the quantity of supplement consumed. The system has been tested in the field using 40 kg molasses-based feed blocks with up to 20 steers per feed station in paddocks of approximately 4 …
Comparison Of Bite Weight And Bite Dimensions Of Sheep And Goats Grazing A Range Of Grasses And Clovers, Y Gong, J Hodgson, M G. Lambert, A.C P. Chu, I L. Gordon
Comparison Of Bite Weight And Bite Dimensions Of Sheep And Goats Grazing A Range Of Grasses And Clovers, Y Gong, J Hodgson, M G. Lambert, A.C P. Chu, I L. Gordon
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Response patterns in bite weight and bite dimensions of sheep and goats were evaluated using 3 grasses and 3 clovers sampled at 2 stages of maturity offered as prepared turves to animals confined in metabolism crates. Average bite weight across 12 sward types (6 forages x 2- stages) was similar for sheep and goats, but goats had greater bile weight per unit LW0•75 tlian sheep, Despite being shorter, the much denser clover swards resulted in larger bite weight than did grass swards. The taller reproductive swards enabled animals to harvest greater bite weights than did vegetative swards. Sheep obtained heavier …
Relationship Between Sward Structure And Dietary Quality And Intake, In Cattle Grazing Humid Sour Grassveld In South Africap, P J. O'Reagain, M Haller, P.J K. Zacharias
Relationship Between Sward Structure And Dietary Quality And Intake, In Cattle Grazing Humid Sour Grassveld In South Africap, P J. O'Reagain, M Haller, P.J K. Zacharias
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The relationship between sward structure, and dietary quality and intake was investigated for cattle grazing humid sour grassveld in south Africa. A 2-ha site was divided into 6 equal-sized blocks with; each block being managed to achieve a different sward structure using rotation·a1 grazing of cattle at 3, 5, 8, 11, 16 or 20 week intervals. Before to grazing, sward structure was quantified in terms. of tuft height, leaf table height, stemminess and greenness of the 3 most abundant species as well as sward leaf density. Oesophageal i fistulates were used to estimate dietary quality, bite rate, bite size, and …
Bite And Bolus Size Of Japanese Black Cattle Grazing Trays Of Perennial Ryegrass Of Different Heights, Shigeru Shioya, Kazuhiko Ochiai, Yasuko Togamura, K Betteridge
Bite And Bolus Size Of Japanese Black Cattle Grazing Trays Of Perennial Ryegrass Of Different Heights, Shigeru Shioya, Kazuhiko Ochiai, Yasuko Togamura, K Betteridge
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
To determine the influence of grass .height on ingestive behaviour of Japanese Black cattle, bite size and bolus size of a Japanese Black heifer (230 kg body weight) and a Japanese Black cow (450 kg body weight) were estimated on perennial ryegrass (Lolium pere,me L.) turfs. Turfs in trays (460x600xl00 mm) were fed to the cattle for up to 3 min and reductions in turf weight were measured. One high (25 cm), 2 medium (13 cm) and 2 low (6 cm) turfs were offered to each animal. Bite size (dry matter intake/bite) both for the heifer and cow was greatest …
Performance Of Subterranean Clover Int He Central Andes Of Peru, Brigitte L. Maass, Custodio L. Bojorquez
Performance Of Subterranean Clover Int He Central Andes Of Peru, Brigitte L. Maass, Custodio L. Bojorquez
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The central Andes of Peru are characterised by moderately acid soils, a pronounced dry season of 4-5 months and temperatures that decrease as night frosts increase with altitude. Above an altitude of 3200 m asl, the proportion of pastures in land use increases. However, native pastures lack sufficient quality and quantity to maintain· animal production, particularly in the dry season. Where irrigation is not available, introducing annual legumes may be an option to improve native pastures. In a trial to test adaptation of subterra.nean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.), 5 Australian cultivars were sown at 4 different altitudes between 3300 …
Rangeland Exploitation- The Global Need For Integrated Science, A H. Nordmeyer
Rangeland Exploitation- The Global Need For Integrated Science, A H. Nordmeyer
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The global surge in human population growth is placing major pressures on winter cold rangelands. The need is urgent to develop an international science that comes to grips with local requirements for food and fuel, and combines these with the global requirements of maintaining and increasing stores of carbon. The critical problem for rangelands is that most systems do not generate incomes to allow replacement or enhancement of the nutrients removed by herded animals, by cut-and-carry forage harvesting, and by fuel extraction. Progress in rangeland science that is relevant to subsistence cultures requires a better understanding of the carbon and …
Software For Grassland Management For The Supply Of Fresh Feed For Stall-Feeding And/Or Grazing And For Conservation In Combination With Feed Production On Arable Land, A Chudy
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Tasks, fundamentals and methodics (algorithms) of software for the projection of feed production (FUPRO) as part of an integrated software program (the package Futterplanung), are described. It covers total feed-economic relations, starting from the use of agricultural acreage up to specific animal requirement.
A Computer Model For Determining When To Start Spring Grazing, Dennis R. Buckmaster, Warren J. Parker
A Computer Model For Determining When To Start Spring Grazing, Dennis R. Buckmaster, Warren J. Parker
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A simple computer model is presented for determining the earliest grazing date after winter freezing. The model also illustrates principles of rotational grazing management and projects when forage should be conserved during the spring. Inputs to the model include initial herbage cover, herbage growth rate, herbage quality, a post•grazing residual dry matter target, a harvest set•aside threshold, and a description of the grazing animals.
Use Of A Simple Model Of Continuous And Rotational Grazing To Compare Herbage Consumption, Simon J.R Woodward, G `C Wake, D G. Mccall, A B. Pleasants
Use Of A Simple Model Of Continuous And Rotational Grazing To Compare Herbage Consumption, Simon J.R Woodward, G `C Wake, D G. Mccall, A B. Pleasants
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A simple mathematical model (a linear dynamical system) was constructed to predict herbage consumption by grazing animals. This model was used to compare 3 grazing methods over a range of stocking rates at low pasture mass. The grazing methods compared were: continuous grazing (CTS), rotational grazing with equal time intervals (BQ), and rotational grazing where the time of shift was optimal for maximising intake (OPT). The rotational methods were the simplest possible, the land being subdivided into 2 fields, each of which was grazed once. The order of grazing the fields was also considered. The model predicts (I) that at …
Farm Monitoring, A Way To Improve Performance On Sheep And Beef Farms, R W. Webby, G W. Sheath
Farm Monitoring, A Way To Improve Performance On Sheep And Beef Farms, R W. Webby, G W. Sheath
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A programme that centres on monitoring the performance of sheep and beef farms is being used to encourage farmers to make decisions based on objective measurements, Monitor farmers are supported by their farming peers in groups that include extension and science personnel. Key biological performance indicators such as animal numbers, weights; weight gains, pasture production; and financial returns from meat and wool are monitored. Farmers are encouraged to be in a position to use this information and identify opportunities. Processors of sheep and beef products are demanding the production of livestock to tighter specifications. Close monitoring by farmers will be …
Relative Productivity And Persistense Of White Clover Cultivars Under Cutting Or Continuous Stocking By Sheep, D A. Davies, M Fothergill
Relative Productivity And Persistense Of White Clover Cultivars Under Cutting Or Continuous Stocking By Sheep, D A. Davies, M Fothergill
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Perennial ryegrass-white clover (Lolium perenne-Trlfollium repens) swards of 3 clover cultivars were studied at a lowland (30 m) and upland (340 m) site in mid Wales over 3 years (1989-91). Lamb production from small-leaved Aberystwyth S 184 at 1021 kg/ha was 25% and 1191, more than from small-leaved Ac3351 and medium-leaved Grasslands Huia respectively. The relative lamb output from Huia was poorer at the upland location. Clover production, survival and morphology under a number of cutting heights and frequencies were different from those in the continuously stocked pastures. Cutting every 10 days at 2-3 cm resulted in poor clover and …
Response To Defoliation Of Tall Fescue, H Tavakoli, J Hodgson, P D. Kemp
Response To Defoliation Of Tall Fescue, H Tavakoli, J Hodgson, P D. Kemp
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
An experiment studying the behaviour of toll fescue (Fesutca anrundinacea Schreb,) was conducted under steady stale grazing on a sward dominated by this plant. The swards were grazed lo maintain a surface height of 30-40 mm (H), 50-60 mm (M) and 90-100 mm (L). These treatments were applied on swards with and without white clover (Trifolium repens L.) from November 1990 to April 1991. Results showed that leaf growth decreased as the severity of grazing increased. Tiller number was less under H grazing than under M or L grazing, but tiller size remained constant over time in this …
Adaptation Of Sainfoin Cultivars And Lucerne To Water Stress, S R. Mir Hosseini, P D. Kemp, D J. Barker, J Hodgson
Adaptation Of Sainfoin Cultivars And Lucerne To Water Stress, S R. Mir Hosseini, P D. Kemp, D J. Barker, J Hodgson
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Sainfoin ( Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) is of particular interest as a pasture crop because it is a productive legume in dry areas but does not induce bloat in ruminant animals. In this study 3·sainfoin cultivars (Fakir, Melrose and 035) and l lucerne (Medicago saliva L.) cultivar Grasslands Oranga were compared during a drying phase when water was withheld once; flowering began. A randomised complete block design with 4 replicates' was used. Transpiration rate (Tr) declined as volumetric soil water content (VSWC) was reduced. Stomata! resistance (Rs) increased and relative ivater content (RWC) decreased when VSWC decreased. Critical VSWC for …
Prediction Of Plant Mortality Under Grazing- A Conceptual Approach, J J. Mott, G K. Mckeon, K A. Day
Prediction Of Plant Mortality Under Grazing- A Conceptual Approach, J J. Mott, G K. Mckeon, K A. Day
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Based on the concept of biological thresholds, there is growing acceptance 0£ the importance o£ episodic events in the determination of rangeland condition trend. The variable rainfall occurring within Australian rangelands means that overstocking during droughts is a major cause of these Australian rangeland vegetation complexes exceeding these thresholds. Recently plant production models and simplistic estimates of the relationship between animal utilisation and plant mortality became available. Accurate estimates will be developed only with the incorporation of a sound mechanistic understanding of the relationship between utilisation of forage and plant mortality for different conditions of species and soils. Detailed studies …
Searching For New Germplasm For The Year 2000 And Beyond, Rainer Schultze-Kraft, Warren M. Williams, John M. Keoghan
Searching For New Germplasm For The Year 2000 And Beyond, Rainer Schultze-Kraft, Warren M. Williams, John M. Keoghan
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The likely germplasm needs for the next decades are discussed with major emphasis on tropical pastures, although many of the considerations apply also to temperate grasslands. The largest, and internationally most relevant, tropical-germplasm collections are held by CSIRO, CIAT and ILCA. Gerznplasm of <600 grass and <1500 legume species is available (with 6000-7000 and 26000-28000 accessions, respectively), representing 100-120 grass and 150-200 legume genera. Temperate germplasm collections are more numerous and hold larger numbers of accessions; they are, however, even more narrowly focused on very few genera (mainly four legume and eight grass genera). The numbers of species represented in the germplasm collections are only a fraction of considerably higher figures suggested in the literature as wild species with forage potential. Further collections to increase this fraction and to safeguard germplasm from genetic erosion and loss of biodiversity are warranted. International co-operation is suggested. Future germplasm needs are seen, in the tropics, mainly for low-input production systems on marginal, degraded lands and for agropastoral systems, and, in the temperate zone, for sustainable grasslands systems. Because of their dualpurpose characteristics legumes are expected to play a key role. It is suggested that the present collections might not contain a sufficiently broad base of germplasm with the required characteristics for the aforementioned production systems. Collection gaps can be identified only through thorough analyses of important genera and regions, based on a solid body of information that still needs to be assembled. A series of research topics is suggested to assist in future collection strategies, germplasm management and evaluation, and to create the basis for future breeding projects. However, expensive and long-term breeding programmes with tropical and many temperate forages are not encouraged for the near future unless the respective species and its natural variability are well enough known. The same applies to genetic manipulation via biotechnology. Implications arising from molecular biology are that new techniques are now available to improve understanding of genetic diversity and taxonomic relationships, and that the potential genetic resource now spans animals, micro-organisms and plants other than the target species. This wider genepool is also endangered and its conservation will rely on in situ preservation of the diverse ecosystems of which it is composed. The need of international support, co-operation and co-ordination regarding germplasm collection, related research and communication is emphasised. The creation of an JBPGR-sponsored, permanent, international working group on forages is suggested.
Plant List Of Accepted Nomenclature, Taxonomy And Symbols, J S. Peterson
Plant List Of Accepted Nomenclature, Taxonomy And Symbols, J S. Peterson
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The Plant List of Accepted Nomenclature, Taxonomy & Symbols (PLANTS) is a dynamic database providing scientific and vernacular names, distributional, growth form, origin, symbols and bibliographic standardised botanical data to US federal agencies. PLANTS encompasses the vascular plant, moss, lichen and liverwort flora of North America, north of the Mexico border, including US states and territories.
A Study On The Promising Ecotypes Of Secale Montaanum Guss., Bahram Peymani-Fard
A Study On The Promising Ecotypes Of Secale Montaanum Guss., Bahram Peymani-Fard
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Secale montamum (mountain rye) has been identified as a well-adapted species for rehabilitation of the substeppic rangelands of Iran. Further investigation on the quality and quantity values of different ecotypes of this species was required. The main objective of this study was to determine phenological stages, herbage yield and protein percentage of the promising native ecotypes of Secale montanum. This research was conducted on 7 ecotypes in which early growth started in late April and heading occurred in late May. Comparison of the 4-year total herbage yield indicated significant differences among the ecotypes, Secale momtanum (10091), which was the previously …
Forage Quality Determinants Of Mott Elephantgrass And Pennisetum Hybrids, L E. Sollenberger, J E. Moore, J A. Flores-C, C J. Chaparro, B Macoon
Forage Quality Determinants Of Mott Elephantgrass And Pennisetum Hybrids, L E. Sollenberger, J E. Moore, J A. Flores-C, C J. Chaparro, B Macoon
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Daily gains of cattle grazing Mott elephantgrass (MB; Pennisteum purpureIum Schum.) arc approximately twice those obtained on other warm-season perennial grasses grown in Florida, USA, but plant characteristics responsible for the high forage quality of MB have not been identified. Three experiments were conducted during 1987- 1991 to determine factors that explain the high forage quality of MB and to assess the quality potential of P. purpureum x P. glaucum (L.) [R.Br.J x clephantgrass hybrids. Higher organic matter (OM) digestibility and intake of MB than Pensacola bahiagrass (PB; Paspalum nonatum Flugge) were associated with a lesser percentage of sclercnchyma (1.6 …
Characterisation Of Us Collection Of Clover And Special Purpose Legume Germplasm, R R. Smith, K H. Quesenberry
Characterisation Of Us Collection Of Clover And Special Purpose Legume Germplasm, R R. Smith, K H. Quesenberry
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Systematic collection of forage legume germplasm by the USA from the centers of origin was initiated in the 1890s. Since then over 11 000 accessions of clover and special-purpose legume species have been introduced into the US. These accessions are catalogued and maintained by the National Plant Germplasm System with working collections located at 4 locations in the US. Appropriate passport and evaluation data are available in the US Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). The Clover and Special Purpose Legume Crop Advisory Commitlee is responsible for providing advice to the National Plant Germplasm System on the collection, mnintenance, evaluation and …
Potential Of European Perennial Ryegrass Germplasm In Southern New Zealand, K H. Widdup, D L. Ryan
Potential Of European Perennial Ryegrass Germplasm In Southern New Zealand, K H. Widdup, D L. Ryan
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
86 cullivars of perennial ryegrass from The Netherlands, Germany, Denmark, France and Britain together with 9 New Zealand (NZ) cultivars were evaluated for agronomic potential in the cool, temperate southern region of NZ. Spaced plants of each cultivar were established in 1989 and screened for seasonal growth, moiphological features, head emergence, foliar diseases and endophyte presence. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to order the relative performance of the cultivars taking all characters into consideration. A group containing 5 elite tetraploid and 10 diploid European cultivars showed potential for improving the summer feed quality of ryegrass. These cultivars contained densely …
Germplasm Collecting By Iger: The Future, N R. Sackville Hamilton, K H. Chorlton, I D. Thomas, M D. Hayward
Germplasm Collecting By Iger: The Future, N R. Sackville Hamilton, K H. Chorlton, I D. Thomas, M D. Hayward
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
This paper will present novel approaches being implemented or planned lo improve future collections for forage germplasm, and to deal with changing priorities, with particular reference to Lolium perenne. With a large number of accessions already in the gene bank and providing a wide range of genes for possible utilisation, future collections must be targeted ever more precisely, The principle object is to acquire novel genes not already present in the gene bank, to maximise the proportion of genes in the gene pool of L. perenne that is held in the gene bank. A subsidiary object, to support not …
Germplasm Collection, Evaluation And Selection Of Naturalized Medicago Polymorpha In The Mediterranean Zone Of Chile, C Ovalle, J Avendano, A Del Pozo, D Crespo
Germplasm Collection, Evaluation And Selection Of Naturalized Medicago Polymorpha In The Mediterranean Zone Of Chile, C Ovalle, J Avendano, A Del Pozo, D Crespo
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
An introduction and evaluation programme is described that thus far includes 53 accessions of the naturalised annual medic Medicago polymorplia L. collected along a 1000 km N-S gradient in central. Chile and subsequently grown together in a common environment· selection trial together with 5 accessions received from International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (!CARDA). Major selection criteria include: precocious phenology, spineless pods and hardseededness, and tolerance to acid soils. Onset of flowering was 82-127 day_s, later flowering being closely correlated with higher latitudes. Soil pH was 5.3-7 .5 in collection sites, and phosphorus levels were > 10 ppm …
The Genera Vicia And Lathyrus In Rio Grande Do Sul (Southern Brazil): Cytogenetic And Isozymic Evaluation As Support For Plant Breeding, M T. Schifino-Wittmann, L H. Cardoso De Freitas, A H. Lau
The Genera Vicia And Lathyrus In Rio Grande Do Sul (Southern Brazil): Cytogenetic And Isozymic Evaluation As Support For Plant Breeding, M T. Schifino-Wittmann, L H. Cardoso De Freitas, A H. Lau
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Native, naturalized and exotic Vicia and l.atliyrus species of Rio Grande do Sul were studied for chromosome numbers and meiotic behaviour, All species were diploid, with essentially regular meiosis and high pollen stainability. Interspecific differences for chiasma frequencies, chromosome and pollen grain size were detected. Polymorphism for chromosome number was observed in Vicia anguslilolia (2n = 10, 12, 14). Bsterase isozyme patterns are being analysed,
Morphogenetic And Structural Determinants Of Plant Regrowth After Defoliation, D F. Chapman, G Lemaire
Morphogenetic And Structural Determinants Of Plant Regrowth After Defoliation, D F. Chapman, G Lemaire
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Responses of forage plants to defoliation can be delineated at two levels: physiological responses and morphological responses. Physiological responses are generally defined as occurring over short time-scales, whereas morphological responses are generally considered as being long-t<;rm. The extent to which physiological and morphological responses influence pasture characteristics and production depends on the defoliation regime, and the balance obtained between the supply and demand of growth resources by plants. Where defoliation is relatively infrequent and lax, plants may maintain balanced growth of root and shoot purely through shortterm physiological responses. However, as defoliation severity increases, morphological adjustments are needed to ensure homeostatic, whole-plant growth. The adaptability of forage species to various points on the continuum of defoliation pressure from lenient to severe depends on their inherent morphological and physiological characteristics. We concentrate on morphogenetic and structural determinants of plant regrowth following defoliation, drawing out the important linkages with the physiological responses. We examine the relationships between plant morphogenesis and sward structure, placing particular emphasis on phcnotypic plasticity as a process whereby plant and population structure can alter to maintain homeostatic growth in response to variation in defoliation management. The imporlnnce of meristem positioning within the sward and of meristem activity, interacting with defoliation management, as determinants of plant production and persistence is discussed. Relationships between plant morphogenesis, herbage growth dynamics and barvestable herbage production are examined and we identify the collection of fundamental physiological and morphological information for a wider array of forage species as an important research goal for improving the productivity and sustainability of the world's grasslands.
Effect Of Nitrogen In Fertilizer In Combintation With Potassium And Phosphorus On Rangeland Yield In Cameroon, E T. Pamo, S Yonkeu
Effect Of Nitrogen In Fertilizer In Combintation With Potassium And Phosphorus On Rangeland Yield In Cameroon, E T. Pamo, S Yonkeu
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A study was carried out at Wakwa Animal Research Station on the response of natural pasture to nitrogen fertilization in the presence of P 11osphorus and potassium, and a cutting frequency of 4 weeks. A Cmpletely randomized design with 6 replicates was used. Six fertiliser: 0, SO, 100, 150, 200, 2SO units of N/ha in association with 100 units of P and 100 units K after zero timing was applied after every cutting 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, SO units of Nlba were respectively added to plots which received 0, SO, 100, ISO, 200 and 250 units of Uha. Three …
Termites Have A Minor Role In The Decomposition Of Senescent Grass Tussocks In A Semi-Arid Woodland In Eastern Australia, J C. Noble
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Decomposition of dead tussocks of 2 grass species (Eragrostis eriopoda and Thyridolepis mitchellima) was studied with and without termites present, both in the absence of large ve.rtebrate herbivores, After 3 years, little tussock residues of either species remained icrespective of treatment, but E. er/opoda decayed much more rapidly than T. mitchellia11a during the first 8 months post mortem (c. 275 cf, 13 kg/ha/month respectively). Thereafter, rate of decay differed little between species. Overall, removal of termites had no significant effect, The data presented in this paper therefore suggest that abiotic processes are dominant influences mediating litter decomposition of …
A Bioeconomic Stocking Rate Model For The Semi-Arid Savanna Of Natal, South Africa, G P. Hatch, N M. Tainton
A Bioeconomic Stocking Rate Model For The Semi-Arid Savanna Of Natal, South Africa, G P. Hatch, N M. Tainton
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Grazing trials were conducted on 2 sites located In semi-arid savanna of Natal. Three stocking strategies were applied at each site to provide light, intermediate and heavy stocking. Data collected over 5 seasons were used to.develop a bioeconomic stocking rate model. While individual animal performance and nett return per livestock unit (R/LSU) decreased with increased stocking, net return per ha (Riha) increased, Net return was significantly related (P 0, 01) to rainfall and stocking rate, while no significant effect of range condition was detected. Although Increased stocking may be justified In the short• term, this may be associated with both. …
Pasture Composition Influences Soil Erosion In Eucalyptus Woodlands Of Northern Queensland, J C. Scanlan, J G. Mcivor
Pasture Composition Influences Soil Erosion In Eucalyptus Woodlands Of Northern Queensland, J C. Scanlan, J G. Mcivor
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Runoff and soil loss in grazed Eucalyptus woodlands of north Queensland were monitored over a 5-year period. As ground cover increased, runoff and soil loss decreased. When cover exceeded 50%, runoff and erosion were small. Ground cover was a function of standing dry mailer which decreased as tree cover and stocking rate increased and differed between pasture types. Simulated soil losses from these woodlands was <10-2800 kg/ha/year, and runoff was 5- 16 mm/year. Annual soil losses (simulated) were proportional to the square of the annual simulated runoff.
The Piosphere Effect Of A Goat Corral On The Productivity Of Arid Mediterranean-Type Rangelands In Northern Chile, S Lailhacar, A Mansilla, L Faundez, P Tonini
The Piosphere Effect Of A Goat Corral On The Productivity Of Arid Mediterranean-Type Rangelands In Northern Chile, S Lailhacar, A Mansilla, L Faundez, P Tonini
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Arid rangelands of northern Chile consist of open shrub formations associated with a seasonal herbaceous stratum. Small pastoralists (comuneros) use the available fodder fer goat raising, by managing individual flocks under continuous grazing. Since each flock spends nights in a corral, a piosphere effect has evolved around it. Through radial transects and quadrals starling from the corral, cover, density, diversity and yield were determined for herbaceous and woody species. Except for shrub diversity and herbage yield, all other total variables showed significant increments with distance. When individual species were considered, different response trends were observed. Some species decreased, others increased, …
Tactical Grazing Can Help Maintain Stability Of Semi-Arid Wooded Grasslands, K C. Hodgkinson
Tactical Grazing Can Help Maintain Stability Of Semi-Arid Wooded Grasslands, K C. Hodgkinson
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Arid and semi-arid wooded grasslands in Australia and elsewhere are prone to soil and plant productivity decline when used for pastoral production. Typically, degradation is characterised by woody plant increase, palatable perennial grass decline, unpalatable grass increase and lowered productive capacity of the soil, New grazing management that maintains productivity of plant and soil resources and sustains rehabilitation is required. In a grazing experiment on a mulga (Acacia aneura) woodland, grazing-induced death and impaired seed productivity were observed in palatable perennial grasses. A tactical grazing management to prevent an adverse change in pasture composition and productivity was designed involving progressively …