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Recent Considerations Of Grassland "Soil Quality" In Temperate Regions, S P. Mcgrath, S C. Jarvis
Recent Considerations Of Grassland "Soil Quality" In Temperate Regions, S P. Mcgrath, S C. Jarvis
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The term "soil quality" is increasingly being used in Europe, albeit in an ill-defined way. Perceived quality depends critically on the use being made of the soil and the tolerance of other parts of the environment to substances moving from soils. This paper focuses on issues relevant to the maintenance of quality in temperate grassland soils. Soils are under threat from heavy metals, organic contaminants and radionuclides because they are sinks for many of these substances, thus lending to accumulation. The impact of these contaminants is assessed, along with the management options and relevant legislation to minimise their effects. Most …
Carcinogenicity Of Bracken Fern (Pteridium Spp.) In Relationship To Grazing Ruminants, B L. Smith, D R. Lauren, P P. Embling, M Agnew
Carcinogenicity Of Bracken Fern (Pteridium Spp.) In Relationship To Grazing Ruminants, B L. Smith, D R. Lauren, P P. Embling, M Agnew
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Bracken fern (Pteridium spp.) is the only higher plant which has been shown to cause cancer naturally in animals. Bracken contains ptaquiloside (Pta) a known clastogen and mutagen which is believed to be the major carcinogen involved in the urinary bladder neoplasia. In New Zealand, bracken fern from an area where bovine enzootic haematuria occurs has been shown to have much higher concentrations of Pia than an area where the disease has not been identified. The difference was shown to be related to the bracken rather than the environment and was widespread for the plants in the two areas …
A Slow Release Intra-Ruminal Device For Protection Against Facial Eczema In Sheep, R Munday, E A. Fowke, A M. Thompson, C Wesselink, N R. Towers
A Slow Release Intra-Ruminal Device For Protection Against Facial Eczema In Sheep, R Munday, E A. Fowke, A M. Thompson, C Wesselink, N R. Towers
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Facial eczema (FE) is a hepatogenous photosensitization disease of ruminants which causes severe losses in agricultural revenue in New Zealand. It is caused by sprophytic, a myotoxin produced by the saprophytic pastoral fungus Pilllomyces chartarum. Zinc (Zn) salts, given to animals before exposure to the toxin, protect against the harmful effects of sporidesmin. Large amounts of Zn are required and dosing must be continued, at regular intervals, throughout the period when animals are exposed to the fungus. While practicable for dairy cattle, these requirements preclude the routine use of Zn for FB prophylaxis in sheep. For these animals, a …
Effect Of Tiller Endophyte Infection Frequency And Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate Of Tall Fescue On Steer Performance Over Nine Seasons Of Grazing, J A. Stuedemann, S R. Wilkinson, D P. Belesky, F N. Thompson, D L. Breedlove, D M. Hildreth, H Ciordia, A H. Parks, C S. Hoveland, J Huang
Effect Of Tiller Endophyte Infection Frequency And Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate Of Tall Fescue On Steer Performance Over Nine Seasons Of Grazing, J A. Stuedemann, S R. Wilkinson, D P. Belesky, F N. Thompson, D L. Breedlove, D M. Hildreth, H Ciordia, A H. Parks, C S. Hoveland, J Huang
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Acremonium coenopliialium-infected tall fescue (Festuca arrundinacea Schreb.) is associated with animal health problems including reduced ,veight gains. Twelve 0.7 ha paddocks were used to study Kentucky- 31 tall fescue at low (LE=25%) or high (HE::58%) tiller endophyte (E) infection frequencies and fertilised with either 134 (LN) or 336, kg nitrogen/ha/year (HN) in a 22 factorial arrangement of treatments. Yearling Angus steers grazed under put-and-take management from April or May through late July or early August in each of nine years. In all except one year, ADG was lower (P<0.0769 to P<0.0018) on HE than LE. In 4 of 9 years, HN lowered (P<0.0821 to P<0.0003) ADG compared to LN. In only 2 of 9 years was there an NxE interaction (P<0,0537), the interactions expressing opposite effects when comparing the 2 years. In all but 3 years there was a linear (P<0.0606 to P<0.0019) relationship between endophyte infection rate and ADG. In only 1 of 9 years were quadratic effects significant (P<0.0407). Endophyte infestation consistently lowered steer AOG in a linear fashion with N effects less distinct,
Integration Of High Formononetin Red Clover In Sheep Grazing Systems, G S. Baxter, D R. Stevens, A J. Harris
Integration Of High Formononetin Red Clover In Sheep Grazing Systems, G S. Baxter, D R. Stevens, A J. Harris
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Pasture and animal production from pastures based on perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) with either white clover (Trifolium repens L.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), or a dual clover base having 60% of the area in white clover and 40% in red clover, were compared over 3 years in self-contained I ha farmlets stocked with 20 ewes/ha, Annual pasture production was similar on all three farmlets, although autumn production of the red clover farmlet was significantly lower than the white or mixed clover systems. Legume production was greatest on the mixed and red clover farmlets in summer and the …
Drought Pearl Millet- An Unpalatable Enigma, D J. Minson, J B. Hacker, M Shimojo, P Stuart, J Slatter
Drought Pearl Millet- An Unpalatable Enigma, D J. Minson, J B. Hacker, M Shimojo, P Stuart, J Slatter
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
After planting in late 1989 there were many reports that Nutrifeed was unpalatable to cattle, sheep and horses. Seventyfive properties were visited where unpalatability was common, a questionnaire was distributed and samples of forage and soil were analysed. Forty-six properties reported unpalatability but on the other 29, pearl millet was palatable. Unpalatability developed only when forage grown on soil high in available nitrogen was subjected to a shortage of water. Unpalatable forage was dark green, contained more than 3S g N/kg DM and was often low in phosphorus, After rain or irrigation the new growth was usually palatable but stock …
Coping With Mycotoxins That Constrain Animal Production, N R. Towers, M R. Siegel
Coping With Mycotoxins That Constrain Animal Production, N R. Towers, M R. Siegel
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Many fungi are parasites and saprophytes of growing and conserved forage crops. A number of these produce mycoloxins, the synthesis of which is controlled by the interaction of fungal and host genomes and the environment. Mycotoxins have diverse chemical structures and elicit a range of responses in ruminant animals. Some of the more important mycotoxin-producing fungi found in forages include Claviceps spp. (ergot alkaloids, paspalitrems) and Acremonium spp. (ergot alkaloids, lolitrcms) causing various forms of ergot toxicity and neurological (lremorgenic) disorders; Pithomyces clrartarum (sporidesmin) and other fungal species causing photosensitisation (e.g., facial eczema, geeldikkop); Phomopsis /eptoslromiformis (phomopsins) causing lupinosis; Rhizoctonia …
Recent Developments In Higher Plant Toxin Research Of Relevance To Animal Production, A A. Seawright, M P. Hegarty
Recent Developments In Higher Plant Toxin Research Of Relevance To Animal Production, A A. Seawright, M P. Hegarty
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Advances have been achieved in the diagnosis of chronic intoxications caused by poisonous plants in which the pathological changes present In the affected animals are not definitive, by the chemical identification of toxin adducts in their tissues. This has been demonstrated for pyrrolizidine alkaloids which are of global significance as plant poisons and has resulted on occasion in more determined efforts in eliminating the plants responsible. Many plant toxins need to be metabolised for toxicity within the animal's tissues in order to result in disease, and the furanoterpenes found mainly in myoporaceous plants are e,rnmples, Dietary regimes that lend lo …
Invertebrate Pests, Plant Pathogens And Beneficial Organisms Of Improved Temperate Pastures, R P. Pottinger, M J. Barbeiti, T J. Ridsdill-Smith
Invertebrate Pests, Plant Pathogens And Beneficial Organisms Of Improved Temperate Pastures, R P. Pottinger, M J. Barbeiti, T J. Ridsdill-Smith
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The role of pests, pathogens and beneficial organisms in temperate pasture and animal production is highlighted. Significant differences between pests and. the severity of their infestations exists between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, because both pasture and pest species and their natural enemies have been carried by colonists to the New World countries in the Southern Hemisphere, Pests and pathogens place significant constraints on the sustainability and productivity of pastoral agriculture. Acquisition of basic databases and development of a wider range of controls has occurred over the past 25 years, but the effort has been disjointed. Knowledge of the more …
Invertebrate Pests, Plant Pathogens, And Beneficial Organisms In Extensive Natural Grassland, J G. Watts, L W. Burgess, E W. Huddleston
Invertebrate Pests, Plant Pathogens, And Beneficial Organisms In Extensive Natural Grassland, J G. Watts, L W. Burgess, E W. Huddleston
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
After many decades of research on their control, insects and weeds still arc a major factor in semi-arid grassland ranching. Much has been learned concerning their biology, habits and chemical control but penetrating study of the microbial world surrounding them is quite recent. Plant pathogens are credited with little damage to semiarid grasslands. Potentially, their most important role may be one of toxigensis among grazing animals after unusual weather that promotes exceptional increase of any one or a combination of several indigenous toxigenic fungi on senescing grasses. Objective cost-benefit consideration of pest and disease control was limited in past decades …
Development Of Intensive Grassland Systems: From Science To Practice, D G. Mccall, G W. Sheath
Development Of Intensive Grassland Systems: From Science To Practice, D G. Mccall, G W. Sheath
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Level of nnimal production from grassland is determined by the amount of pasture grown, pasture utilisation and animal conversion efficiency. The key components affecting production are pasture growth and animal conversion efficiency. These arc mainly influenced by environment, genetics and through inputs to maintain soil fertility or animal health. Systems development aims to link pasture growth and animal conversion through efficient strategies for pasture utilisation. The means of influencing pasture utilisation is through adjustments to animal feed demand, feed supply or grazing management. Stock policies that adjust the pattern and level of feed demand are of greatest significance in developing …
The Ecology Of Grazing Management, R K. Heitschmidt
The Ecology Of Grazing Management, R K. Heitschmidt
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The broad objective of this paper is to review the fundamental principles of grazing management as a means of assessing the inherent value of intensive and extensive grazing systems. Conceptual analyses of intensive and extensive grazing systems reveal that the fundamental differences between intensive and extensive grazing systems are related to differences in non-grazing rather than grazing tactics. Intensive grazing systems employ a wide array of non-grazing tactics in an attempt to overcome the inherent ecological constraints that limit secondary (i.e., livestock) productivity in extensively grazed systems. Moreover, analyses of the ecological or true efficiency of various agricultural production systems …
Intensive Grazing Of Alfalfa By Beef Steers, M Rasnake, W R. Burris, G D. Lacefield, J Randolph, N Gay, L Davis
Intensive Grazing Of Alfalfa By Beef Steers, M Rasnake, W R. Burris, G D. Lacefield, J Randolph, N Gay, L Davis
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In the temperate region of North America, high temperature and moisture deficit cause low forage growth during the summer of most years, making it difficult to grow beef (Bos taurus), calves through summer grazing. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa), offers some potential to provide high dry matter production during summer if an effective system of grazing can be developed. The objective of this study was to test a system of intensive grazing of beef steers on alfalfa to maximise live-weight gains/ha and maintain plant population. Alfalfa was no-till seeded into a 6.5 ha field in autumn 1988 after …
Use Of Brassica Forage Crops To Extend The Grazing Season In The North-East Usa, G A. Jung, H W. Harpster, M G. Lambert, K T. Leath, R A. Byers
Use Of Brassica Forage Crops To Extend The Grazing Season In The North-East Usa, G A. Jung, H W. Harpster, M G. Lambert, K T. Leath, R A. Byers
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Forage turnip (Brassica rapa L,) can be made available for animal utilisation in late summer or In late autumn-early winter, when coolseason grass pastures have a low animal carrying capacity. field trials were conducted to identify and quantify factors that influence turnip yield in December or January and to determine whether these factors affect turnip cultivars similarly. Different levels of production in late autumn-winter were attributed to summer drought, foliar diseases, freezing temperatures and rate of leaf senescence. In all instances, the effects of these factors varied with turnip cultivar. However, cultivar ranking generally was the same whether mean …
Interactions Of Rotational And Continuous Grazing With Stocking Rate On Warm And Cool-Season Pastures, David I. Bransby
Interactions Of Rotational And Continuous Grazing With Stocking Rate On Warm And Cool-Season Pastures, David I. Bransby
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
With more intense commercialisation of electric fencing many production and economic advantages have been claimed for rotational grazing compared with continuous grazing. However, very little research data are available from the south-eastern USA to verify these claims, Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate animal performance under conditions of continuous and IO-paddock rotational grazing on cool- and warm-season pastures commonly used in this region. Three 2-year grazing experiments were conducted, one each on a mixed rye-annual ryegrass (Secale cereale-Lolium multiflorum) pasture, Coastal bermudagrass ( Cynodon hybrid) and Pensacola bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum). In each experiment continuous …
Photosynthesis And Water Relations Of Two Savanna Grasses As Influenced By Shade And Water Stress, M J. Trlica, J I. Kinyamario
Photosynthesis And Water Relations Of Two Savanna Grasses As Influenced By Shade And Water Stress, M J. Trlica, J I. Kinyamario
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Net CO2 assimilation and plant water relations of the African savanna grasses Panicum maximum Jacq. and Tliemeda triandra Porrsk. were measured under controlled conditions. We hypothesised that 1; triandra would be better adapted to higher light and temperature conditions and could withstand greater moisture stress than could P. maximum, as T. tria11dra is commonly found in open areas, whereas P. maximum dominates in the shade of trees. Plants of both species were transplanted into a common soil in large pots and placed under shade (approximately 150 µrnoVm1/s photon flux density (PFD)) or high light (approximately 1200 µmoVm1/s PFD) conditions, with …
Defoliation Of Young Branch And Parent Stolons Of White Clover In Rotationally Grazed Pastures, M.J M. Hay, M Kim, R W. Mclean, A Gonzalez-Rodriguez
Defoliation Of Young Branch And Parent Stolons Of White Clover In Rotationally Grazed Pastures, M.J M. Hay, M Kim, R W. Mclean, A Gonzalez-Rodriguez
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
This study was undertaken to examine the relative severity of defoliation of young branches (those comprising <4 nodes) and parent stolons of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) in rotationally grazed pastures stocked al either 2.5, 5.0 or 7.5 bulls/ha. On 7 occasions over a year, the defoliation of expanded leaves of parenl and branch stolons was assessed using tagged stolons. Petiole length of leaves ,vas measured before grazing. Leaves of young branch stolons (43% of the total number of leaves defoliated) were less severely defoliated than leaves of parent stolons (64%). Defoliation of branch stolon leaves was relatively greater at the higher stocking rates which had lower residual …
Improving Germination And Seedling Establishment Of Chicory, S N. Hur, W F. Hunt
Improving Germination And Seedling Establishment Of Chicory, S N. Hur, W F. Hunt
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) seeds were treated before sowing with polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) under different PEG concentrations, treatment period and temperatures, and tested for uniformity of germination, establishment and drought tolerance. Suitable seed coating materials were found that improved emergence, establishment and seedling growth when surface sown on established swards. The best primed or coated seeds in germination tests were surface sown in growth cabinet and field.Osmotic priming with PEG accelerated germination of chicory and significantly reduced time taken for germination compared with coated seeds in Petri-dishes, but not in the field. In contrast, coated seeds germinated more slowly …
Growth Of Temperate Perennial Legumes Over Three Cycles Of Defoliation At Different Temperatures, M A.P Duarsa, M J. Hill, J V. Lovett
Growth Of Temperate Perennial Legumes Over Three Cycles Of Defoliation At Different Temperatures, M A.P Duarsa, M J. Hill, J V. Lovett
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Summer-active legumes such as big trefoil (Lollis ped11nc11lat11s), birdsfool trefoil (Lot11s comic11la111s), crownvelch (Coronilla varia) and cicer milkvetch (Astraga/11s cicer) are needed for summer rainfall areas of the perennial pasture zone in eastern Australia where soil conditions and grazing management do not suit lucerne (Medicago sativa). The growth of these species was compared at 4 temperatures regimens (14/10, 18/14, 22/18, 26/22°C, 12:12 h) for 3 cycles of regrowth where soil moisture was serially changed from field capacity (FC) to 50% PC and back to PC in a growth cabinet pot experiment. Growth rates in lucerne always exceeded those of the …
Nutrient Cycling In Semi-Arid Grasslands And Savannas: Its Influence On Pattern, Productivity And Stability, Robert J. Scholes
Nutrient Cycling In Semi-Arid Grasslands And Savannas: Its Influence On Pattern, Productivity And Stability, Robert J. Scholes
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The grazing animal carrying capacity of tropical semi-arid rangelands is largely controlled by rainfall, but above about 500 mm per annum, soil nutrient status has an overriding role. On low-nutrient soils, which cover vast areas of the ancient land surfaces of Africa, South America and Australia, it is the amount of grass eaten and digested that controls animal production, not the amount produced. On nutrientpoor soils (particularly those deficient in nitrogen and phosphorus) the primary production continues to increase with increasing rainfall, but the acceptability of the forage to ruminants declines, On the nutrient-rich soils of younger land surfaces, both …
Soil Characteristics And Processes Critical To The Sustainable Use Of Grasslands In Arid, Semi-Arid, And Seasonally Dry Environments, John Williams, Keith R. Helyar, Richard S.B Greene, Rosemary A. Hook
Soil Characteristics And Processes Critical To The Sustainable Use Of Grasslands In Arid, Semi-Arid, And Seasonally Dry Environments, John Williams, Keith R. Helyar, Richard S.B Greene, Rosemary A. Hook
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The focus of this paper is a framework for determining the soil and land properties and processes which are critical to managing grasslands in an ecologically sustainable manner. Essential to the discussion is the development of concepts which allow description of the stability, resilience and sustainability of the agroecosystem as a whole as well as the land resource base. The regions of Australia with arid, semi-arid and seasonally dry environments are defined and related to the dry environments of the world. This provides a background for a brief consideration of major vegetation types and soils within the dry environments of …
Soil Animal Composition And Distribution In The Leymus Chinensis Grassland Region In Central Part Of North-East Of China, Yin Xiuqin, Li Jiandong, Zhu Tingcheng
Soil Animal Composition And Distribution In The Leymus Chinensis Grassland Region In Central Part Of North-East Of China, Yin Xiuqin, Li Jiandong, Zhu Tingcheng
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Since 1990, we have investigated the soil animal composition and distribution in the Leymus chinensis (Aneuro chinensis) grassland region in central part of north-east of Chinn. Soil animals were studied in 20 plant communities in 4 habitats. A total of 15 797 soil animals belonging to 4 phyla, 6 classes, 28 orders and 86 families were obtained. Among them, 26 families and 22 species were new records in norlh-easl of China. The dominant groups were Formicidne, Actinedida, Oribatidn, lsotomidne, Rhnbditidae, Dorylainidae. Sparse woods of Ulmus, and the most animal groups (40) and Puccinellia chinapoesis and Heleochalis intersiIa …
Intensive Grazing Systems And Methods For Beef Cattle, V G. Allen, J P. Fontenot, M A. Cochran, A Brock, W Mcclure, J Wilkins
Intensive Grazing Systems And Methods For Beef Cattle, V G. Allen, J P. Fontenot, M A. Cochran, A Brock, W Mcclure, J Wilkins
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Three experiments were conducted to determine effects of grazing systems and methods on beef production. In experiment 1, cows, calves and stockers grazed tall fescue-clover (Festuca arundinacea-Trifolium repens) in a l 6-paddock system using rotational stocking or a 3-paddock system using continuous stocking as grazing methods. In experiment 2, stocker steers grazed orchardgrass-clover (Dactylis glomerata-Trifolium pratense) using buffer grazing with continuous stocking or a 14-paddock rotational stocking method. In experiment 3, 4 grazing systems were compared using sequence grazing combinations of cool-and warmseasoo perennial and annual forages. In experiments l and 2, there were no differences in …
Selection Pattern Of Holstein-Zebu Cows Grazing Stoloniferous And Tufted Type Tropical Grasses In A Cafeteria Type Trial, Francise E. Davis
Selection Pattern Of Holstein-Zebu Cows Grazing Stoloniferous And Tufted Type Tropical Grasses In A Cafeteria Type Trial, Francise E. Davis
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Seven stoloniferous and 7 tufted grasses are being evaluated in a longterm trial on an acid ultisol in Trinidad in duplicate 3x3 m plots. The grasses were cut at five weekly intervals and nitrogen at 40 kg/ha applied after every harvest. A basal dressing of 125 kg P20��, and 100 kg '½O and a trace element mix was applied twice annually. After culling in May 4 milking cows were allowed to graze the area. There was no significant difference in dry matter yield between the stoloniferous and tufted grasses, but there were significant differences within each type of grass in …
Effect Of Percentages Calluna Vulgaris Cover And Cow And Ewe Physiological Status On Animal Production On Mountain Pastures, K Osoro, R Celaya, Mamen Olivan
Effect Of Percentages Calluna Vulgaris Cover And Cow And Ewe Physiological Status On Animal Production On Mountain Pastures, K Osoro, R Celaya, Mamen Olivan
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The effect percentage cover of Calluna vulgaris (30 or 70%) on performance of dry and lactating ewes and cows with their lambs and calves was studied during 1990 and 1991. Lactating cows had greater body weight losses than dry ones, the difference being 0.3 and 0.S kg/day for 1990 and 1991 respectively. Percentage C.vulgaris cover (30 or 70%) caused differences in body-weight losses· similar to those caused by physiological status. Milk production from the cows, and therefore calf live-weight gain, were significantly higher in the group grazing on the plot with 30% Calluna (0.62 and 0.71 kg/day for 1990 …
Adaptation Of Some Grass Species To Grazing, Marc Ghesquiere, J C. Emile, X Charrier, R Traineau
Adaptation Of Some Grass Species To Grazing, Marc Ghesquiere, J C. Emile, X Charrier, R Traineau
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
To examine the grazing behaviour of some grass species, 2 linked trials were set up in Lusignan (France), Dry matter yields of 10 species were recorded by frequent mechanical cuts (every 15 days) and compared with the ability to feed sheep under continuous grazing management. The dry matter yield of the genotypes ranged from 5600 to 8600 kg DM/ha and the grazing yield from 86 to 183 days x animal. The well-known species, such as Bromus siIchensis L., 8. caIhar1ic11s L. and Dactylis glomerata L. usually used in farms allowed high dry matter and grazing yields, but some secondary species …
Crop Processing And Fractionation As A Commercial Proposition To Forage-Based Animal Systems, H T. Ostrowski-Meissner
Crop Processing And Fractionation As A Commercial Proposition To Forage-Based Animal Systems, H T. Ostrowski-Meissner
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The paper outlines crop processing and fractionation technology as it applies to an intensive forage-based operation with beef cattle, The benefits of forage processing prior to its feeding to cattle are described with an emphasis not only on the uniformity of the nutritive quality of the processed product but also on the extra financial benefits resulting from the wet fractionation process. The value-added primary products from the fractionation process ensure extra return to the. forage producers, crop processing installation and the feedlot operation. The characteristics of the fractionation products derived from lucerne and other crops are described.
Integrated Grazing Of Goats With Sheep Or Cattle On Continuously Grazed Pasture, A M. Nicol, A.J F. Russel, I A. Wright
Integrated Grazing Of Goats With Sheep Or Cattle On Continuously Grazed Pasture, A M. Nicol, A.J F. Russel, I A. Wright
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Oroups of ewes (10) and their twin lambs were grazed on sown ryegrass• white clover (Lolium perenne L.-Trifollum repens L.) pastures maintained at a sward surface height of 4 or 8 cm and a further group grazed with yearling goats (in a proportion of 1/3 ewe plus lamb live weight) also at fi cm. A second concurrent experiment consisted of 3 similar treatments using young cattle with sward surface heights of 8 and 12 cm. Results over the 140-day grazing period showed that allhough the diet selected by sheep and cattle grazed with goats contained more green grass …
Herbage And Animal Production From Tall Fescue- And Ryegrass-Based Pastures In A Summer-Dry Environment, D E. Hume, R.J M. Hay, T B. Lyons
Herbage And Animal Production From Tall Fescue- And Ryegrass-Based Pastures In A Summer-Dry Environment, D E. Hume, R.J M. Hay, T B. Lyons
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Herbage production and animal performance were measured over 3 years In Hawkes Bay, a summer-dry region of New Z'.ealand. Tall rescue (Festuca arundinacea) (3 cultivars, all endophyte free) was compared with high endophyte perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne). All pastures were sown with white clover (Trifolium repens). Herbage production and composition were determined for all seasons while cattle were monitored for live-weight gains from spring through to autumn. Tall fescue pastures produced 27% more total dry matter/ year than the ryegrass pasture, primarily in autumn. In summerautumn, ryegrass pastures had up to 76% dead matter …
Climate Change: Adapting Tropical And Subtropical Grasslands, G M. Mckeon, S M. Howden, N.O J. Abel, J M. King
Climate Change: Adapting Tropical And Subtropical Grasslands, G M. Mckeon, S M. Howden, N.O J. Abel, J M. King
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Climate change as a result of increasing greenhouse gas concentrations or lhe repetition of historical climale variability will affect the management and production of tropical and subtropical grasslands that support about half the world's domestic herbivores. Previous studies of the regional impact of climate change and climate variability on intensive agriculture have shown lhat such evaluation should include the known and expected abilities of managers and governments to respond by reducing the negative impacts and taking advantage of positive opportunities, A high priority for grassland scientists is the development of similar evaluation capabilities for grassland systems, which are more complex …