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Articles 2701 - 2730 of 3744
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Assessing The Carbon Impacts Of Colby College’S Biomass Plant, Alice Hotopp
Assessing The Carbon Impacts Of Colby College’S Biomass Plant, Alice Hotopp
Honors Theses
Biomass energy plants are considered to be carbon neutral systems under some definitions. However, this concept of carbon neutrality needs to be rethought in order to understand the true carbon impact of biomass plants upon global climate change. A biomass plant’s wood source, the extent to which the biomass plant emits carbon dioxide, and the timescale over which the biomass plant emits carbon should all be taken into account. In this study, I consider the Colby College biomass plant’s role in carbon cycling. Colby’s Physical Plant Department provided me with information on how much carbon (tons of woodchips) is used …
Nurturing Environmental Literacy At Colby College: Higher Education And The Environmental Crisis, Molly Nash
Nurturing Environmental Literacy At Colby College: Higher Education And The Environmental Crisis, Molly Nash
Honors Theses
The environmental crisis will affect all people, career paths, and academic disciplines. Acknowledging this, does higher education have an obligation to educate all students for environmental literacy (EL)? This study reviews literature on how to effectively assess and implement EL initiatives and highlights how other colleges successfully nurture EL in all students. This study also uses quantitative and qualitative survey measures to understand student levels of EL at Colby College and to highlight specific programming or curriculum that leads to high EL levels in students. Findings include significantly different EL scores between environmental studies student respondents and respondents in all …
Oxygen Saturation During A Simulation Dive Response: Development Of An Experimental Protocol For An Undergraduate Physiology Laboratory, Michael S. Pergola
Oxygen Saturation During A Simulation Dive Response: Development Of An Experimental Protocol For An Undergraduate Physiology Laboratory, Michael S. Pergola
Honors Theses
There are issues concerning the amount of learning that actually takes place in the laboratory environment, and whether or not it is worth the investment of money, resources, and time. A laboratory protocol was designed to examine the human dive response, with the goals of generating multiple robust variables, creating a truly integrative laboratory experiment and improving lab education. The objectives of this exercise were to promote critical thinking, maximize collaboration, minimize social loafing and student engagement, promote critical thinking, and meet as many of the National Science Foundation's core competencies and assess effectiveness in achieving these objectives. The dive …
Feasibility Of Incorporating Electrogastrography Into An Undergraduate Physiology Laboratory Curriculum, Lauren A. Foropoulos
Feasibility Of Incorporating Electrogastrography Into An Undergraduate Physiology Laboratory Curriculum, Lauren A. Foropoulos
Honors Theses
This study aimed to detect the effects of mental stress on gastric motility in college students through the use of cutaneous electrogastrography (EGG). Additionally, the study aimed to determine the feasibility of creating a laboratory curriculum for a cutaneous electrogastrography experiment that an undergraduate could perform, analyze, and interpret during a three hour physiology lab. Through this study and the laboratory procedures designed from the experiment, undergraduates will be able to interpret the physiological aspects of gastrointestinal function within the human body, including how it is effected by mental stress. According to previous studies by Yin et al. (2004) and …
Does This Have Gluten? Comparison Of Gluten-Free And Unrestricted Diets In Intestinal Bacterial Populations And Diversity, Bradshaw Hammond
Does This Have Gluten? Comparison Of Gluten-Free And Unrestricted Diets In Intestinal Bacterial Populations And Diversity, Bradshaw Hammond
Honors Theses
As different diets continue to grow in popularity within the United States, the effect of these diets upon bacteria in the intestines is only beginning to be understood. This study focused on the effect that a shift to a gluten-free diet has on the human gut microbiome. Three genetically close subjects were selected for observation over a six month time period. One subject observed a consistent gluten-free diet. A second subject started on an unrestrictive diet, switched to a gluten-free diet for three months, then returned to an unrestricted diet for an additional three months. The third subject left an …
Freedom Of Expression And The Enlightenment, Alison Guider
Freedom Of Expression And The Enlightenment, Alison Guider
Honors Theses
This thesis concerns Enlightenment and pre-Enlightenment views of freedom of expression, including topics such as toleration, freedom of religion, freedom of speech, and freedom of the press. It then looks at how these views shaped some of the ideas that emerged from the American and French Revolution. The conclusions drawn here are drawn from document-based research, both primary and secondary sources. The Enlightenment, although primarily concentrated in the eighteenth century, actually had what one might call precursors in the seventeenth century, including John Locke, Benedict de Spinoza, and Pierre Bayle. These thinkers helped set the stage for Enlightenment thinkers such …
Differences In Bacterial Communities On Decaying Leaf Litter Of Different Tress In Response To Burning As A Forest Restoration Technique, Allison Marcum
Differences In Bacterial Communities On Decaying Leaf Litter Of Different Tress In Response To Burning As A Forest Restoration Technique, Allison Marcum
Honors Theses
Decomposition is the process by which organic matter gets degraded into basic components to provide energy for decomposer microorganisms and to also make nutrients available for plant uptake. Leaf litter decomposition is an important process and influences the nutrient cycling and the productivity and structure of the entire ecosystem; however, few studies have examined the bacterial communities on decomposing litter, especially how they may vary between tree species or in woodlands subject to ecological restoration. Such restoration has become important, as fire suppression beginning in the 1920s has impacted the structure of forest ecosystems through the process of mesophication, diminishing …
The Effect Of A Neurotoxic Dose Of Methamphetamine On Attention And Response Learning In The Rat, Anja Kremer
The Effect Of A Neurotoxic Dose Of Methamphetamine On Attention And Response Learning In The Rat, Anja Kremer
Honors Theses
High doses of methamphetamine (neurotoxic doses) have been shown to have an effect on both attention and response learning. In previous literature, meth rats were found to have higher reaction times, and therefore, it has been concluded that meth may cause a deficit in response learning. Our study, using modal initiation time as a measure of response learning, found no effects of methamphetamine or training condition on mode. Studies have also shown positively skewed reaction time distributions, which have been defined as attentional lapses. Our experiment used DevMode to measure these lapses. Although meth did not, training condition did have …
Using Technology To Engage Students In The Stem Field, April Elizabeth Steen
Using Technology To Engage Students In The Stem Field, April Elizabeth Steen
Honors Theses
The United States is currently facing a shortage of qualified STEM professionals in the workforce and in research fields. Part of this lack of professionals can be traced back to lack of interest and lack of proficiency in mathematics and science at the secondary level of education as well as STEM major attrition at the college level. In an effort to increase student interest in STEM fields and increase retention of STEM majors, technology was employed to engage student interest. At the high school level, a physical chemistry demonstration on the spectroscopy of light was created. The demonstration was presented …
The Effects Of Hg2+ On Secondary Structures Formed By T-Rich Dna, Zachary Boynton
The Effects Of Hg2+ On Secondary Structures Formed By T-Rich Dna, Zachary Boynton
Honors Theses
Single stranded DNA that forms secondary structures has been a popular area of research in recent years. Much research has also been done in the field of heavy metals binding to DNA. Recently, it has been discovered that mercury in the presence of thymines will form T-HgII-T bonds. It is our hypothesis that single stranded DNA rich in thymine residues will form into a structure similar to i-motifs, formed from C-rich single strands, in the presence of mercury. Based on spectral changes during a mercuric titration, it is evident that mercury induces a structural change in T-rich DNA. We then …
The Way I See It: An Exploration Of College Preparation And Student Aspirations In Mississippi Public High Schools, Christine Dickason
The Way I See It: An Exploration Of College Preparation And Student Aspirations In Mississippi Public High Schools, Christine Dickason
Honors Theses
The Way I See It, conducted with a peer, Kaitlyn Barton, explores college preparation and student aspirations in Mississippi public high schools. In order to gain a thorough understanding of college preparation and student aspirations in the state, we decided to split the thesis into three main components: 1) a survey, distributed to juniors at three high schools in Mississippi, to collect quantitative data; 2) a documentary film, to delve into the qualitative, human side of the issue; and, 3) the written thesis. In my written thesis, I focused on issues of college preparation. Overall, Mississippi high school students are …
An Investigation Of Protein-Dna Binding Characteristics By Fluorescence Anisotropy, Danna Nobile
An Investigation Of Protein-Dna Binding Characteristics By Fluorescence Anisotropy, Danna Nobile
Honors Theses
Recent studies have illustrated the presence of several secondary, non-B DNA structures that are associated with the promoter regions of several oncogenes, such as the intensely studied MYC gene. Two such secondary structures, G-quadruplexes and i-Motifs, have become topics of interest due to their prevalence within oncogenic promoters and their potential accessibility for future drug targeting due to their globular natures. Though fairly extensive research has been conducted to understand different factors affecting G-quadruplex formation and stability, similar studies for i-Motifs, particularly related to thermodynamics, are still evolving. One factor known to contribute to the additional energy required for duplex …
Modelling Global Climate Variables With Cellular Automata Networks, David Robinson
Modelling Global Climate Variables With Cellular Automata Networks, David Robinson
Honors Theses
Cellular automata are discrete models that can be used to simulate many physical systems. Cellular automata have been used to model gas diffusion, different types of chemical reactions, population growth, and land use change over time. Recent research into cellular automata networks has shown that if sparse long range connections are added to a cellular automata, then it will exhibit properties of complex networks. Furthermore, research into modeling climate systems has shown that modeling the global climate as a complex network can be used to predict individual climate variables. In this work we attempt to connect these ideas by simulating …
Apartheid In France: Galvanization Of Political Concern For The Role Of Ethnic Identities In French Society, Francesca Talley Diggs
Apartheid In France: Galvanization Of Political Concern For The Role Of Ethnic Identities In French Society, Francesca Talley Diggs
Honors Theses
The French state's colorblind policy prescription is the base of a contentious, current debate over whether or not the government should acknowledge ethnic and racial components of its citizens and collect such data from minority groups. An increasingly colorful population presents new questions to the framework of French identity, legally blind to ethnicity, and tests the durability of the French model. Has the role of ethnic identity in France become a legitimate political concern under President Hollande's administration despite legislation that outlaws ethnic data collection? Is the illegality of ethnic statistics detrimental to combatting discrimination and social fragmentation in France? …
An Nmr-Guided Approach To The Isolation Of Secondary Metabolites From Nrps And Pks Gene Clusters, Connor Craig
An Nmr-Guided Approach To The Isolation Of Secondary Metabolites From Nrps And Pks Gene Clusters, Connor Craig
Honors Theses
Secondary metabolites continue to offer a promising source of novel chemical entities with therapeutic bioactivities. Our research aims to isolate secondary metabolites produced by non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) and polyketide synthase (PKS) constructs. A metagenomic library was created from the marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp., which was isolated from the Chesapeake Bay sponge Halichondria bowerbanki. Using a functional screen for PPTase activity we were able to identify colonies that contained NRPS and PKS gene clusters. Cultures of this microbe have been produced and analyzed using a combination of chromatography and 1H, 13C, HMBC, HSQC, COSY, AND NOESY NMR spectra. …
From Prisons To Asylums, And Back : Mental Health Policy In The Age Of Neoliberalism, Michele Martin
From Prisons To Asylums, And Back : Mental Health Policy In The Age Of Neoliberalism, Michele Martin
Honors Theses
This thesis seeks to explain why rates of severe mental illness in the criminal justice system have risen steadily throughout the past three decades, despite an increasing acknowledgement of the importance of mental health to overall health. Legislative, scientific, and societal advances have aimed at increasing access to and bolstering the quality of mental health care. Yet, the large numbers of severely mentally ill persons residing in the criminal justice system imply care in the community is not adequately serving their needs, or that, for whatever reason, they are not seeking care. I begin my analysis by considering mental health …
Shifting Perceptions : Exploring With The Rubber Hand Illusion, Avery Harrison
Shifting Perceptions : Exploring With The Rubber Hand Illusion, Avery Harrison
Honors Theses
In two experiments, we explored the boundary conditions for evoking the rubber hand illusion (RHI). In the first study, we hypothesized that we could elicit more vivid RHI experiences using personal cell phones than using wooden blocks as external objects because we interact with our phones and they are familiar objects. The cell phone condition elicited a weak illusory experience but it did not significantly differ from the wooden block condition. In the second study, we hypothesized that manipulating the size of rubber hands used for the illusion would affect size estimates of objects. Participants who experienced a strong RHI …
Reproductive Health Care Resources & Decision Making For Women In A "Delivery Desert" In Maine, Gianna C. Dejoy
Reproductive Health Care Resources & Decision Making For Women In A "Delivery Desert" In Maine, Gianna C. Dejoy
Honors Theses
This case study examines the reproductive health care resources available to women living in a “delivery desert” context in Maine, as well as the personal and cultural factors that influence their reproductive health behaviors. Through ethnographic methodology and in-depth interviews, I demonstrate how cultural influences converge with issues of quality health care accessibility to affect reproductive health outcomes. The island is isolated from reliable, quality biomedical care, with the nearest hospital offering labor and delivery services located over an hour’s drive away. I define this situation as a “delivery desert”, describing the phenomenon of centralizing maternity care which endangers pregnant …
The Application Of Formyl Group Activation Of Brompyrrole Esters To A Formal Synthesis Of Lycogarubin C, Jon Patteson
The Application Of Formyl Group Activation Of Brompyrrole Esters To A Formal Synthesis Of Lycogarubin C, Jon Patteson
Honors Theses
Lycogarubln C is a member of an interesting family of marine natural products, which contains two indole groups appended to a pyrrole scaffold at the 3 and 4 positions. Such compounds are proposed to be biosynthetically related to the important antitumor agent, Staurosporine. Recent work in our lab involving the use of Suzuki cross-coupling reactions of an ortho activated bromoformylpyrrole ester has provided key intermediates for the synthesis of pyrrole natural products and pyrolle-based analogues.
Development Of A Genetic Over-Expression System For The Freshwater Sponge Ephydatia Muelleri, Joe Walsh
Development Of A Genetic Over-Expression System For The Freshwater Sponge Ephydatia Muelleri, Joe Walsh
Honors Theses
The aim of this work is to develop an over-expression system for Ephydatia muelleri. Preliminary work by Klaske Schippers (Schippers, 2013) showed sponges were induced to transcribe reporter genes driven by the widely used cytomegalovirus promoter (CMV). Building off Schippers work, newly identified native Ephydatia promoters were identified from the genome and verified to drive expression ofreporter genes. Validated over-expression vectors and transfection technology will allow researchers around the world who are working with this organism to ask questions about cell specification, gene regulation and animal development.
The Wlbs: Women Of Whimsy, Rachel Ellen Banka
The Wlbs: Women Of Whimsy, Rachel Ellen Banka
Honors Theses
This thesis is an entirely fictional novel about the five members of a women's book club in a small Mississippi town. It is told from three alternating perspectives and spans the course of one month, November, 2013. It is a story of lies, literature, love, and loss; of identity, community, friendship, and betrayal; and of hidden treasure, whatever form that takes.
Targeting G-Quadruplexes Within The Adam-15 Promoter: A Novel Therapeutic Approach For Breast Cancer, Rachel L. Jenkins
Targeting G-Quadruplexes Within The Adam-15 Promoter: A Novel Therapeutic Approach For Breast Cancer, Rachel L. Jenkins
Honors Theses
ADAM-15 is a protein that is up-regulated in many diseases, particularly breast cancer; its over-expression is correlated with more aggressive and invasive phenotypes. The critical core promoter region of ADAM-15 is capable of forming a secondary DNA structure known as a G-quadruplex. The stabilization of this G-quadruplex has the potential to decrease the transcription of the over-expressed ADAM-15 protein. Six hundred forty compounds were screened for their ability to cause a shift in the melting temperature of an ADAM-15 oligonucleotide using FRET melt. Two compounds, NSC 146771 and NSC 260594, produced a significant shift in the melting temperature; further experimentation, …
Phylogeography Of The Australian Common Froglet, Crinia Signifera, Rosetta C. Williams
Phylogeography Of The Australian Common Froglet, Crinia Signifera, Rosetta C. Williams
Honors Theses
Australia is an ancient continent with equally antiquated fauna. Crinia signifera, the Australian common froglet, is one of Australia's oldest species and has a geographic range covering much of the southeastern coast of Australia and much of Tasmania. Such broad dispersal makes C. signifera susceptible to genetic variation due to changes in the landscape. While many have studied the morphology of C. signifera, few have studied its phylogeographic history. In this study I compared mitochondrial DNA clades to nuclear DNA clades to analyze the role geography plays on genetic variation. I hypothesized that (i) sympatric nuclear clades and subclades would …
Effect Of Biochar And Activated Carbon Amendments On Gaseous Mercury Emissions Of Soil And Mercury Methylation Rates In Sediment, Ryan Sessums
Honors Theses
Mercury is a pervasive global contaminant with a complex biogeochemical cycle. In this biogeochemical cycle, methylmercury (MeHg+) tends to biomagnify and concentrate in fish and seafood consumed by humans. This study examines the effect of sorbent amendments on both the mercury emission from soils and the methylation rates of mercury in sediments, both of which are believed to be major contributors to the global cycle. Biochar and activated carbon were used to treat soils and sediments to explore their effects. It was found that biochar and activated carbon reduced gaseous mercury emission by 25% and 49%, respectively. Methylation rates in …
That Awkward Moment When...: An Explanation Of How Britain Made The Modern Arab World Homophobic, Sequareah Sayles
That Awkward Moment When...: An Explanation Of How Britain Made The Modern Arab World Homophobic, Sequareah Sayles
Honors Theses
It is well documented that over the last decade, LGB individuals in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region have become more subjected to increased harassment, abuse and, perhaps, even torture at the hands of police officials. What is also well documented, but rarely mentioned is the prominence of homosexuality and its suggested acceptance in literature during the Islamic Golden Age (622-1258). So, what happened? Using an interdisciplinary approach, this thesis sheds light on the reasons for the attitudinal change regarding homosexuality between the Islamic Golden Age and contemporary Islamic states in the MENA region after 1918. These are …
The Effect Of Polyamines On I-Motif Thermal Stablity, Shelby Claire Liddell
The Effect Of Polyamines On I-Motif Thermal Stablity, Shelby Claire Liddell
Honors Theses
Polyamines are present inside cells at varying concentrations anywhere between 10 mM and 60 mM, and because of their molecular structure they contribute a positive charge to the interior of the cell. There has been previous evidence that the concentrations of polyamines have an effect on the stability of the DNA strands, which can affect the cellular processes. The particular DNA conformation studied is the i-motif, which is formed by intermolecular folding in cytosine rich strands. The i-motif studied is C20T, which is found in the promoter region of the oncogene, c-myc. Stabilization of c-myc can have an effect on …
Millennial Specific Techniques For Nonprofit Marketing Communications: A Messaging Study For World Relief, Taylor M. Davenport
Millennial Specific Techniques For Nonprofit Marketing Communications: A Messaging Study For World Relief, Taylor M. Davenport
Honors Theses
Nonprofit organizations are quickly catching up to for profit companies in their marketing communications endeavors. World Relief, a faith-based nonprofit organization that strives to empower the vulnerable, is one of those organizations. While they have made huge strides in recent years, they are missing the mark when it comes to reaching millennials. This thesis sought to research effective millennial specific messaging techniques and implement an integrated marketing communications (IMC) campaign using the findings. This thesis compiles research on millennials from the Pew Research Center and other sources as a background for primary research. A survey and focus group were conducted …
Discovery Of Resistance-Reversing Agents In Antibiotic Resistant Strains Of Escherichia Coli And Klebsiella Pneumoniae From Natural Product Libraries, Andrew B. Watkins
Discovery Of Resistance-Reversing Agents In Antibiotic Resistant Strains Of Escherichia Coli And Klebsiella Pneumoniae From Natural Product Libraries, Andrew B. Watkins
Honors Theses
Objective: The objective of this exploratory research is to discover compounds, particularly from natural products, that inhibit ESBL, KPC, and NDM-1 mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in the Gram negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Methods: This objective will be accomplished utilizing a high-volume bioassay testing natural product samples from the National Center for Natural Products Research. This assay tests samples against 6 different strains of bacteria known to express β-lactamases in the presence and absence of sub-inhibitory concentrations of the test antibiotic. By structuring the assay in this way, differentiation may be made between the inherent antibacterial activity of …
The Chinese Inquisition: Xi Jinping's War On Corruption, Harriet E. Fisher
The Chinese Inquisition: Xi Jinping's War On Corruption, Harriet E. Fisher
Honors Theses
An integral part of Chinese political life is the rampant corruption that infests every level of Chinese government. China's current leader, Xi Jinping, has initiated a hardline anti-corruption campaign that, for the first time in history, has targeted both low-level officials (small flies) and high-level officials (big tigers). This thesis is concerned with the factors that have motivated Xi to initiate these unprecedented reforms. I have identified three potential motivations: office, policy, and legitimacy. The office motivation refers to Xi's attempt to consolidate his own power as leader of China, as well as the power of his political faction, represented …
Evaluation Of Purkinje Neurons And Endocannabinoid Receptors As A Potential Target Of Alcoholism Using Japanese Medaka (Oryzias Latipes) As An Animal Model, J. Ford Franklin
Evaluation Of Purkinje Neurons And Endocannabinoid Receptors As A Potential Target Of Alcoholism Using Japanese Medaka (Oryzias Latipes) As An Animal Model, J. Ford Franklin
Honors Theses
Purkinje cells (PK) are neurons with large cell bodies found in the central nervous system and are mostly distributed in the cerebellar region of the hindbrain. Several novel markers for PK cells have been developed and are used for characterization of neurobehavioral disorders. The present study was aimed to identify endocannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) as a potential marker of PK cells and evaluate them as a molecular target of alcohol and cerebellar functions using Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) as an animal model. Previously, we have observed that medaka genome consist three CB receptor paralogs; two of them (cnr1a and cnr1b) …