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Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

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Origins, Diversification, And Historical Structure Of The Helminth Fauna Inhabiting Neotropical Freshwater Stingrays (Potamotrygonidae), Daniel R. Brooks Aug 1992

Origins, Diversification, And Historical Structure Of The Helminth Fauna Inhabiting Neotropical Freshwater Stingrays (Potamotrygonidae), Daniel R. Brooks

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Members of the freshwater stingray family Potamotrygonidae occur throughout the major river systems of eastern South America that empty into the Atlantic Ocean. Ichthyologists have tended to assume that the ancestor of the potamotrygonids was an Atlantic marine or euryhaline stingray that dispersed into freshwater, presumably during the last marine ingression 3-5 million years ago. The helminth parasites that inhabit potamotrygonids suggest an alternative perspective on their origin. Phylogenetic and biogeographic analysis of the helminths inhabiting potamotrygonids suggest that the hosts are derived from an ancestral Pacific urolophid stingray that was trapped in freshwater by the uplifting of the Andes …

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Introduction To The Von Ihering Centenary Symposium, Daniel R. Brooks Aug 1992

Introduction To The Von Ihering Centenary Symposium, Daniel R. Brooks

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Introduction to the von Ihering Centenary Symposium, on parasite biogeography and coevolution, presented at the 1991 annual meeting of the American Society of Parasitologists.

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Parasiticidal Effect Of Chemotherapy In Alveolar Hydatid Disease: Review Of Experience With Mebendazole And Albendazole In Alaskan Eskimos, J. F. Wilson, Robert L. Rausch, B. J. Mcmahon, P. M. Schantz Aug 1992

Parasiticidal Effect Of Chemotherapy In Alveolar Hydatid Disease: Review Of Experience With Mebendazole And Albendazole In Alaskan Eskimos, J. F. Wilson, Robert L. Rausch, B. J. Mcmahon, P. M. Schantz

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Evidence that the larval stage of Echinococcus multilocularis in humans is killed by chemotherapy is presented in a review of our 17-year experience with treatment of alveolar hydatid disease in Alaska. The efficacy of chemotherapy was assessed with use of an in vivo assay of parasite viability by means of inoculation of voles, immunohistochemical tests, and histopathologic findings. Of 14 tests performed for nine patients, 12 in vivo assays (86%) were negative after chemotherapy, while only two (17%) of 12 vole tests for seven untreated patients were negative. Regression or arrest of growth of metastatic and primary hepatic lesions, together …

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Congruent And Synchronic Patterns In Biogeography And Speciation Among Seabirds, Pinnipeds, And Cestodes, Eric P. Hoberg Aug 1992

Congruent And Synchronic Patterns In Biogeography And Speciation Among Seabirds, Pinnipeds, And Cestodes, Eric P. Hoberg

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Congruence in biogeographic patterns among diverse assemblages of taxa indicates uniformity in the historical determinants of biotic distributions. Comparisons of host and parasite phylogenies and the elucidation of distributional area relationships are requisite components of analyses in historical biogeography. Host-parasite associations with broad geographic ranges are often archaic and have been structured largely by coevolutionary processes. In contrast, the origins and radiation of the primary cestode faunas of some seabirds (Alcataenia spp./Alcidae) and pinnipeds (Anophryocephalus spp./Phocidae and Otariidae) are associated with colonization. These young colonizing faunas, in the Holarctic Region, were influenced by a common history during the …

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Biological Collections At The University Of California, Davis: Scope, Status, And Needs, Scott Lyell Gardner, Lynn S. Kimsey, Marilyn S. Warburton, Patrick E. Mcguire Jun 1992

Biological Collections At The University Of California, Davis: Scope, Status, And Needs, Scott Lyell Gardner, Lynn S. Kimsey, Marilyn S. Warburton, Patrick E. Mcguire

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The rich heritage of agricultural and biological research and teaching on the Davis campus of the University of California is reflected in its vast holdings of scientific collections of living and nonliving preserved biological materials. More recently, as the campus expanded, important collections were developed to support research and educational programs in human and veterinary medicine, anthropology, and geology. A task force reviewed the results of campus-wide surveys and its findings are reported here. Recommendations for future activities are put forth.

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Cross-Transmission Studies With Eimeria Arizonensis-Like Oocysts (Apicomplexa) In New World Rodents Of The Genera Baiomys, Neotoma, Onychomys, Peromyscus, And Reithrodontomys (Muridae), Steve J. Upton, Chris T. Mcallister, Dianne B. Brillhart, Donald W. Duszynski, Constance D. Wash Jun 1992

Cross-Transmission Studies With Eimeria Arizonensis-Like Oocysts (Apicomplexa) In New World Rodents Of The Genera Baiomys, Neotoma, Onychomys, Peromyscus, And Reithrodontomys (Muridae), Steve J. Upton, Chris T. Mcallister, Dianne B. Brillhart, Donald W. Duszynski, Constance D. Wash

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Cross-transmission experiments were performed using oocysts of an Eimeria arizonensis-like coccidian from Peromyscus leucopus and Peromyscus truei, an E. arizonensis-like coccidian from Reithrodontomys fulvescens, Eimeria baiomysis and Eimeria taylori from Baiomys taylori, Eimeria albigulae from Neotoma albigula, and Eimeria onychomysis from Onychomys spp., between representatives of the above host genera. The E. arizonensis-like coccidian from R. fulvescens infected Reithrodontomys megalotis, Reithrodontomys montanus, and Peromyscus leucopus. Oocysts of E. arizonensis from P. leucopus could be transmitted to both P. leucopus and R. megalotus. Oocysts of E. baiomysis and E. taylori …

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Cestode Parasites In Potamotrygon Motoro (Natterer) (Chondrichthyes: Potamotrygonidae) From Southwestern Brazil, Including Rhinebothroides Mclennanae N. Sp. (Tetraphyllidea: Phyllobothriidae), And A Revised Host-Parasite Checklist For Helminths Inhabiting Neotropical Freshwater Stingrays, Daniel R. Brooks, Jose F.R. Amato Jun 1992

Cestode Parasites In Potamotrygon Motoro (Natterer) (Chondrichthyes: Potamotrygonidae) From Southwestern Brazil, Including Rhinebothroides Mclennanae N. Sp. (Tetraphyllidea: Phyllobothriidae), And A Revised Host-Parasite Checklist For Helminths Inhabiting Neotropical Freshwater Stingrays, Daniel R. Brooks, Jose F.R. Amato

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Specimens of five species of cestodes were collected in 6 specimens of the freshwater stingray species Potamotrygon motoro (Natterer), collected in the vicinity of Corumba, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Acanthobothrium regoi, Potamotrygonocestus orinocoensis, Rhinebothroides venezuelensis, and Rhinebothrium paratrygoni are reported from P. motoro and from southwestern Brazil for the first time. Rhinebothroides mclennanae n. sp. appears to be the sister species of Rhinebothroides glandularis, the only other member of the genus exhibiting darkly staining glandular cells lying free in the parenchyma surrounding the terminal genitalia. The new species resembles Rhinebothroides glandularis, Rhinebothroides freitasi, …

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The Evolutionary Origin Of Plasmodium Falciparum, Daniel R. Brooks, Deborah A. Mclennan Jun 1992

The Evolutionary Origin Of Plasmodium Falciparum, Daniel R. Brooks, Deborah A. Mclennan

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Among species of Plasmodium, P. falciparum is an enigma. It is unusually pathogenic and is not characterized by the relapsing episodes characteristic of other species. Its primary vector is a species of mosquito that is highly anthropophilic (Anopheles gambiae), and which shows evidence of rapid genetic change apparently coincident with the rise of human agriculture. Plasmodium falciparum has no alternative vertebrate reservoir hosts, and if the number of human infections drops below a threshold level, the species is unable to maintain itself. All of these observations suggested a novel hypothesis to Boyd (1949, cited in Waters et …

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Morphology Of The Synlophe And Genital Cone Of Parostertagia Heterospiculum (Trichostrongylidae) With Comments On The Subfamilial Placement Of The Genus, Eric P. Hoberg, J. Ralph Lichtenfels Jan 1992

Morphology Of The Synlophe And Genital Cone Of Parostertagia Heterospiculum (Trichostrongylidae) With Comments On The Subfamilial Placement Of The Genus, Eric P. Hoberg, J. Ralph Lichtenfels

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The genus Parostertagia is referred to the Cooperiinae with reference to a suite of shared characters of the synlophe and genital cone postulated as derived homologies for the subfamily. The genus has traditionally been relegated to the Graphidiinae or Ostertagiinae, but unique structural attributes of the synlophe and genital cone indicate close affinities with the Cooperiinae. The synlophe of Parostertagia heterospiculum is characterized by a relatively low number of ridges in the cervical zone (16-20 at the excretory pore), a frontal axis of orientation, sequential increase in ridges posteriorly, lateral addition of ridges, minuscule lateral-most ridges and hypertrophy of specific …

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Historical Ecology As A Research Program, Daniel R. Brooks, Deborah A. Mclennan Jan 1992

Historical Ecology As A Research Program, Daniel R. Brooks, Deborah A. Mclennan

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Modern evolutionary biology is the descendant of two theories proposed by Darwin. First, all organisms are connected by common genealogy, and second, the form and function of organisms is closely tied to the environments in which they live. Of these two theories, the role of the first (phylogeny) in evolutionary explanations has been diminishing in some fields, most notably in ecology and ethology. However, the last ten years have witnessed the beginning of a reversal in this trend. With increasing frequency, ecologists (Wanntorp et aI., 1990; Maurer and Brooks, submitted), ethologists (Dobson, 1985; Huey and Bennett, 1987; Mclennan et aI., …

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Report Of Round Table On Genetics And Systematics Of Trichinella (Icopa Vii, Paris), Robert L. Rausch, J. Ralph Lichtenfels, K. D. Murrell Jan 1992

Report Of Round Table On Genetics And Systematics Of Trichinella (Icopa Vii, Paris), Robert L. Rausch, J. Ralph Lichtenfels, K. D. Murrell

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Report of the Round Table on Genetics and Systematics of Trichinella from the International Congress of Parasitology (ICOPA) VII, 1990, Paris.

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New Species Of Rhabdochona Railliet, 1916 (Nemata: Rhabdochonidae) From Rainbow Trout In California Streams, Armand R. Maggenti, Fawzia Abdel-Rahman, I. Cid Del Prado Vera Jan 1992

New Species Of Rhabdochona Railliet, 1916 (Nemata: Rhabdochonidae) From Rainbow Trout In California Streams, Armand R. Maggenti, Fawzia Abdel-Rahman, I. Cid Del Prado Vera

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Three new species of Rhabdochona Railliet, 1916 are described and illustrated from Salmo gairdneri Richardson (rainbow trout) in freshwater streams in California: Rhabdochona californiensis n. sp., R. paxmani n. sp., and R. satmonis n. sp. Rhabdochona californiensis n. sp. is characterized by 14 anteriorly directed teeth in the prostome, egg devoid of filaments or floats, male and female tail terminus with a single mucro, left (long) spicule slender with a moderate distended podoid terminal end, spicular ratio 1:3.8. Rhabdochona paxmani n. sp. is characterized by 10 teeth in the prostome, eggs with polar floats, left (long) spicule slender with podoid …

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Microphallus Fonti Sp. N. (Digenea: Microphallidae) From The Red Swamp Crawfish In Southern United States, Robin M. Overstreet, Richard W. Heard, Jeffrey M. Lotz Jan 1992

Microphallus Fonti Sp. N. (Digenea: Microphallidae) From The Red Swamp Crawfish In Southern United States, Robin M. Overstreet, Richard W. Heard, Jeffrey M. Lotz

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

A new species of digenean, Microphallus fonti, is described from the red swamp crawfish in Louisiana, USA. It has a small pharynx and a rudimentary gut like M. opacus and possibly related species from crayfishes, but it differs from them by its relatively large male copulatory papilla and a conspicuous metraterm.

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Phylogeny, Historical Biogeography, And Ecology Of Anophryocephalus Spp. (Eucestoda: Tetrabothriidae) Among Pinnipeds Of The Holarctic During The Late Tertiary And Pleistocene, Eric P. Hoberg, Ann M. Adams Jan 1992

Phylogeny, Historical Biogeography, And Ecology Of Anophryocephalus Spp. (Eucestoda: Tetrabothriidae) Among Pinnipeds Of The Holarctic During The Late Tertiary And Pleistocene, Eric P. Hoberg, Ann M. Adams

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Phylogenetic systematic analyses of Anophryocephalus spp. resulted in a single most-parsimonious cladogram (consistency index: 80%). Cladograms for pinniped hosts (phocids and otariids) and Anophryocephalus spp. were highly incongruent, corroborating a hypothesis for colonization as a dominant determinant of parasite diversification. Phoca (Pusa) spp. in the Atlantic basin are postulated as the initial hosts; range expansion for hosts and parasites into the Pacific basin through the Arctic (ca. 3.0-2.5 million years ago) was followed by radiation of Anophryocephalus spp. among Phoca spp. and subsequent colonization of otariids (Eumetopias jubatus as typical hosts; ca. 2.0 million years ago). Host …

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Phylogenetic Analysis Of Alloglossidium Simer, 1929 (Digenea: Plagiorchiiformes: Macroderoididae) With Discussion Of The Origin Of Truncated Life Cycle Patterns In The Genus, Joseph P. Carney, Daniel R. Brooks Dec 1991

Phylogenetic Analysis Of Alloglossidium Simer, 1929 (Digenea: Plagiorchiiformes: Macroderoididae) With Discussion Of The Origin Of Truncated Life Cycle Patterns In The Genus, Joseph P. Carney, Daniel R. Brooks

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Alloglossidium comprises 9 species of North American plagiorchiiform digeneans using ictalurid catfish, freshwater crustacea, and hirudinid leeches as definitive hosts. Two hypotheses about the evolution of this array of definitive hosts were examined using phylogenetic systematic analysis. Two most parsimonious trees, based on 15 homologous series derived from morphological data, each indicated the two species utilizing ictalurid catfish definitive hosts are basal members of the group, whereas the two species using freshwater crayfish definitive hosts and the five utilizing leech definitive hosts each comprise relatively derived monophyletic sister groups. The results suggest that species using crustaceans as definitive hosts are …

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Introduction Of Marilyn E. Scott As The Henry Baldwin Ward Medalist For 1991, Daniel R. Brooks Nov 1991

Introduction Of Marilyn E. Scott As The Henry Baldwin Ward Medalist For 1991, Daniel R. Brooks

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Transcript of the introduction of Marilyn E. Scott as the American Society of Parasitologists Henry Baldwin Ward Medalist for 1991, by Daniel R. Brooks.

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Parasites And Sexual Selection: A Macroevolutionary Perspective, Deborah A. Mclennan, Daniel R. Brooks Sep 1991

Parasites And Sexual Selection: A Macroevolutionary Perspective, Deborah A. Mclennan, Daniel R. Brooks

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The Hamilton-Zuk hypothesis postulates a causal link between parasitism and the evolution of epigamic traits by intersexual selection. Oversimplified assumptions about basic parasite biology, ambiguous formulation of the hypothesis, and poor communication between ethologists and parasitologists have hampered its testing. The hypothesis is supported at the microevolutionary level if females show significant preference for lightly or uninfected males, if intensity of infection reflects host resistance to parasites that depress host fitness by causing disease, and if intensity of infectionis related to the degree of epigamic development. It must be shown that particular parasites cause disease, that the host population is …

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Syndisyrinx Evelinae (Marcus, 1968) N. Comb., From The Rock-Boring Urchin, Echinometra Lucunter, From St. Barthélemy, Lynn Ann Hertel, Donald W. Duszynski Aug 1991

Syndisyrinx Evelinae (Marcus, 1968) N. Comb., From The Rock-Boring Urchin, Echinometra Lucunter, From St. Barthélemy, Lynn Ann Hertel, Donald W. Duszynski

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The umagillid turbellarian Syndesmis evelinae, originally described from unnamed Caribbean sea urchins, is redescribed and placed in the genus Syndisyrinx. Syndisyrinx evelinae n. comb. was found in 8 of 32 (25%) Echinometra lucunter from the Bay of St. Jean, St. Barthélemy; 6 of the 8 (75%) urchins with S. evelinae also had Syndisyrinx collongistyla. The major difference between the original description and the worms described here is the structure of the bursal valve. The valve was originally described as having a thickness between the seminal receptacle and the seminal bursa; in fact, the bursal valve has 2 …

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Phyletic Coevolution Between Subterranean Rodents Of The Genus Ctenomys (Rodentia: Hystricognathi) And Nematodes Of The Genus Paraspidodera (Heterakoidea: Aspidoderidae) In The Neotropics: Temporal And Evolutionary Implications, Scott Lyell Gardner May 1991

Phyletic Coevolution Between Subterranean Rodents Of The Genus Ctenomys (Rodentia: Hystricognathi) And Nematodes Of The Genus Paraspidodera (Heterakoidea: Aspidoderidae) In The Neotropics: Temporal And Evolutionary Implications, Scott Lyell Gardner

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Coevolution was studied in six species of rodents of the genus Ctenomys and their parasitic nematodes of the genus Paraspidodera, collected in Bolivia. Representatives of the families Octodontidae and Caviidae were used as outgroups for the mammals, and nematodes from caviids were used as outgroups of the nematodes from ctenomyids. For the nematodes, quantitative and qualitative morphological characteristics of both males and females and electrophoretic characters of both sexes were used to generate phylogenetic hypotheses of evolutionary relationships of the OTUs occurring in hosts of different species. Concordance estimates of cladograms generated from biochemical-genetic and morphological data of the …

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Review Of Les Nématodes Syphaciinae, Parasites De Rongeurs Et De Lagomorphes. Taxonomie, Zoogéographie, Évolution By Jean-Pierre Hugot. Zoologie, Tome 141, Mémoires Du Muséum National D'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 1988. E. J. Brill, Leiden, The Netherlands, Robert L. Rausch Apr 1991

Review Of Les Nématodes Syphaciinae, Parasites De Rongeurs Et De Lagomorphes. Taxonomie, Zoogéographie, Évolution By Jean-Pierre Hugot. Zoologie, Tome 141, Mémoires Du Muséum National D'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 1988. E. J. Brill, Leiden, The Netherlands, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Review of Les Nématodes Syphaciinae, Parasites de Rongeurs et de Lagomorphes. Taxonomie, Zoogéographie, Évolution by Jean-Pierre Hugot. Zoologie, Tome 141, Mémoires du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris. 1988. 148 p. + Appendix. Available from E. J. Brill, Leiden, The Netherlands.

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Effect Of Desiccation, Ph, Heat, And Ultraviolet Irradiation On Viability Of Baculovirus Penaei, Brian D. Leblanc, Robin M. Overstreet Mar 1991

Effect Of Desiccation, Ph, Heat, And Ultraviolet Irradiation On Viability Of Baculovirus Penaei, Brian D. Leblanc, Robin M. Overstreet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Tolerance of Baculovirus penaei virus to desiccation, pH, heat, and ultraviolet irradiation (uv), as well as its survival in 32 ppt sea water, was investigated using larval Penaeus vannamei in a bioassay. Test shrimp were sampled from 36 to 264 hr after food-borne exposure to treated B. penaei and examined for patent infections (polyhedral inclusion bodies detectable in fresh preparations of hepatopancreas) with light microscopy. B. penaei was completely inactivated within 30 min after exposure to pH 3, whereas exposure to pH 11 extended the prepatency period (period before infection is apparent) but did not inactivate the virus. B. penaei …

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Fixing Coccidian Oocysts Is Not An Adequate Solution To The Problem Of Preserving Protozoan Type Material, Donald W. Duszynski, Scott Lyell Gardner Feb 1991

Fixing Coccidian Oocysts Is Not An Adequate Solution To The Problem Of Preserving Protozoan Type Material, Donald W. Duszynski, Scott Lyell Gardner

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Fresh (36 days old) sporulated oocysts of Eimeria nieschulzi were divided into 7 groups. Control oocysts were maintained at 23 C in 2% aqueous (w/v) K2Cr2O7. The 6 experimental groups were mixed with either Bouin's solution, 10% aqueous (v/v) buffered formalin, Karnovsky's solution, glutaraldehyde, paraformaldehyde, or 70% aqueous (v/v) ethanol (EtOH). After 115 days, oocysts from all 7 groups were examined under oil immersion to determine the effect of fixation on their structural integrity. The parameters examined were lengths and widths of oocysts and sporocysts, percent sporulation (%S), and percent crenation (%C) of oocysts …

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Heliconema Brooksi N. Sp. (Nematoda: Physalopteridae) From The Ophichthid Eel Ophichthus Gomesi In The Gulf Of Mexico, John L. Crites, Robin M. Overstreet Feb 1991

Heliconema Brooksi N. Sp. (Nematoda: Physalopteridae) From The Ophichthid Eel Ophichthus Gomesi In The Gulf Of Mexico, John L. Crites, Robin M. Overstreet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Heliconema brooksi n. sp. is described from the shrimp eel, Ophichthus gomesi, in Mississippi Sound. This species is distinguished from other members of the genus by possessing in the male 40 or more tessellated longitudinal ridges, a spicule ratio averaging 1:10.6, 4 precloacal papillae, and 6 postcloacal papillae. Females have a protruding vulvular flap. Both sexes have a prominent sclerotized cardium. Heliconema brooksi is morphologically most closely related to Heliconema heliconema. A juvenile worm from the white shrimp, Penaeus setiferus, in the same locality may be the infective stage.

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Early Development Of Larval Taenia Polyacantha In Experimental Intermediate Hosts, Osamu Fujita, Yuzaburo Oku, Munehiro Okamoto, Hiroshi Sato, Hong Kean Ooi, Masao Kamiya, Robert L. Rausch Jan 1991

Early Development Of Larval Taenia Polyacantha In Experimental Intermediate Hosts, Osamu Fujita, Yuzaburo Oku, Munehiro Okamoto, Hiroshi Sato, Hong Kean Ooi, Masao Kamiya, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The early larval development and migration route of Taenia polyacantha were examined using oral inoculation of oncospheres into red-backed voles and Mongolian gerbils. The larvae were recovered in the wall of the small intestine and in the mesenteric lymph nodes by 5 days postinfection (PI) and from the peritoneal cavity after 6 days PI. These results suggest that the larval cestodes developed initially in the wall of the small intestine and the mesenteric lymph nodes, and later migrated to the peritoneal cavity. Although the development of the parasite was quite similar in the 2 host species, pathological changes were different. …

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A Redescription Of Ostertagia Bison Is (Nematoda: Trichostrongyloidea) And A Key To Species Of Ostertagiinae With A Tapering Lateral Synlophe From Domestic Ruminants In North America, J. Ralph Lichtenfels, P. A. Pilitt Jan 1991

A Redescription Of Ostertagia Bison Is (Nematoda: Trichostrongyloidea) And A Key To Species Of Ostertagiinae With A Tapering Lateral Synlophe From Domestic Ruminants In North America, J. Ralph Lichtenfels, P. A. Pilitt

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Ostertagia bisonis Chapin, 1925, is an abomasal worm of the American buffalo, Bison bison, and other ruminants including cattle in which it can cause clinical nematodiasis. This report describes characteristics of O. bisonis, especially details of the synlophe and esophagus, that are necessary for constructing a key to the species of medium stomach worms (Ostertagiinae) parasitic in domestic ruminants in North America. The synlophe of O. bisonis is most similar to the single ridge tapering lateral synlophe of Ostertagia ostertagi. Ducts of the subventral glands of the esophagus empty anterior to the cervical papillae and the esophageal-intestinal …

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Génétique Systematique Et Des Trichinella [Table Ronde] = Genetics And Systematics Of Trichinella [Round Table], K. D. Murrell, J. Ralph Lichtenfels, Robert L. Rausch Jan 1991

Génétique Systematique Et Des Trichinella [Table Ronde] = Genetics And Systematics Of Trichinella [Round Table], K. D. Murrell, J. Ralph Lichtenfels, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Up to the present time, the existence of two species in the genus Trichinella has been accepted by most workers. The proliferation of isolates and the definition of numerous genetic populations have caused considerable confusion in recent years for taxonomists and others concerned with these nematodes. The application of the biological species-concept to nematodes of the genus Trichinella has been difficult, but the recent investigations of Dr. E. Pozio and coworkers at the Trichinella Reference Center (Laboratory of Parasitology, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, viale Regina Elena, 299-00161 Rome, Italy) have provided new information on numerous isolates from localities worldwide. By …

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Lists Of Larval Worms From Marine Invertebrates Of The Pacific Coast Of North America, Hilda Lei Ching Jan 1991

Lists Of Larval Worms From Marine Invertebrates Of The Pacific Coast Of North America, Hilda Lei Ching

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Immature stages of seventy-three digenetic trematodes are listed by their families, marine invertebrate hosts, and localities and then cross listed according to their molluscan hosts. The list contains many new host records, and larval stages of fifteen digenetic trematodes were newly recorded from gastropods from British Columbia and California. A list of immature stages of fourteen cestodes, acanthocephaIans, and nematodes is also included.

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Sterol Composition Of The Corn Root Lesion Nematode, Pratylenchus Agilis, And Corn Root Cultures, David J. Chitwood, William R. Lusby Jan 1991

Sterol Composition Of The Corn Root Lesion Nematode, Pratylenchus Agilis, And Corn Root Cultures, David J. Chitwood, William R. Lusby

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Sterols from mixed stages of the com root lesion nematode, Pratylenchus agilis, and uninfected corn root cultures were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Twenty-eight sterols were identified in P. agilis, including nine not previously detected in nematodes. The major sterols were 24-ethylcholest-22-enol, 24-ethylcholesta-5,22-dienol, 24-methy1cholestanol, 24-ethylcholestanol, isofucostanol, and 24-ethylcholesterol. The principal corn root sterols were 24-ethylcholesta-5,22-dienol, 24-methylcholesterol, 24-ethylcholesterol, isofucosterol, and cycloartenol. Therefore, the major metabolic transformation of sterols by P. agilis was saturation of the sterol nucleus. In addition, very small amounts of 4α-methylsterols were biosynthesized by P. agilis. The 4-methylation pathway is unique to nematodes and was …

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Rickettsial And Mollicute Infections In Hepatopancreatic Cells Of Cultured Pacific White Shrimp (Penaeus Vannamei), Rena M. Krol, William E. Hawkins, Robin M. Overstreet Jan 1991

Rickettsial And Mollicute Infections In Hepatopancreatic Cells Of Cultured Pacific White Shrimp (Penaeus Vannamei), Rena M. Krol, William E. Hawkins, Robin M. Overstreet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Infections by multiple species of bacteria occurred in hepatopancreatic epithelial cells of cultured Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei). Grossly, hepatopancreases of moribund shrimp were pale white. Light microscopically, hepatopancreatic tubules appeared atrophied and were associated with granulomas. Examination by scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed heavy cytoplasmic infections by three forms of microorganisms: (1) a rickettsia-like bacterium, (2) a helical form of a mollicute-like bacterium, and (3) a filamentous mollicute-like bacterium. The rod-shaped rickettsia (900 nm long by 300 nm wide) appeared to be free in the cytoplasm and had both a plasma membrane and a cell wall. …

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Redescription Of Eimeria Escomeli (Rastegaieff, 1930) From Myrmecophaga Tridactyla, And A First Report From Bolivia, Scott Lyell Gardner, Steve Upton, C. R. Lambert, O. C. Jordán Jan 1991

Redescription Of Eimeria Escomeli (Rastegaieff, 1930) From Myrmecophaga Tridactyla, And A First Report From Bolivia, Scott Lyell Gardner, Steve Upton, C. R. Lambert, O. C. Jordán

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Eimeria escomeli (Rastegaieff, 1930) Levine and Becker, 1933, is redescribed from the giant anteater, Myrmecophaga tridactyla (L.), from the departamento de La Paz, Bolivia. This is the first report of parasites from M. tridactyla from Bolivia and only the third time that coccidians have been recorded from this host.

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