Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Discipline
Keyword
Publication Year

Articles 271 - 300 of 903

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Development Of The Muskox Lungworm, Umingmakstrongylus Pallikuukensis (Protostrongylidae), In Gastropods In The Arctic, Susan J. Kutz, Eric P. Hoberg, John Nishi, Lydden Polley Jan 2002

Development Of The Muskox Lungworm, Umingmakstrongylus Pallikuukensis (Protostrongylidae), In Gastropods In The Arctic, Susan J. Kutz, Eric P. Hoberg, John Nishi, Lydden Polley

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Development of the muskox protostrongylid lungworm, Umingmakstrongylus pallikuukensis, in its slug intermediate host, Deroceras laeve, was investigated under field conditions in the Arctic. Every two weeks, from 19 June to 28 August 1997, groups of ten experimentally infected slugs were placed in tundra enclosures in a mesic sedge meadow near Kugluktuk, Nunavut, Canada. First-stage larvae (L1) infecting slugs on or before 17 July developed to third-stage larvae (L3) in 4–6 weeks. Intensity of L3 in slugs peaked at 6–8 weeks post infection (PI) and then progressively declined by 10, 12, and 48–50 weeks PI. Abundance of L3 in …

Go to article

Phylogenetic Positions Of The Bothitrematidae And Neocalceostomatidae (Monopisthocotylean Monogeneans) Inferred From 28s Rdna Sequences, Jean-Lou Justine, Richard Jovelin, Lassâd Neifar, Isabelle Mollaret, L.H. Susan Lim, Sherman S. Hendrix, Louis Euzet Jan 2002

Phylogenetic Positions Of The Bothitrematidae And Neocalceostomatidae (Monopisthocotylean Monogeneans) Inferred From 28s Rdna Sequences, Jean-Lou Justine, Richard Jovelin, Lassâd Neifar, Isabelle Mollaret, L.H. Susan Lim, Sherman S. Hendrix, Louis Euzet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

A molecular phylogeny was inferred from newly obtained partial (D1 domain) 28S rDNA gene sequences of Bothitrema bothi (Bothitrematidae), Neocalceostoma sp. (Neocalceostomatidae), Bravohollisia sp. (Ancyrocephalidae), and other already available sequences of Ancyrocephalidae, Anoplodiscidae, Pseudodactylogyridae, and Sundanonchidae, with the Diplectanidae as outgroup. Bothitrema, Anoplodiscus, and Sundanonchus formed a very robust clade that was the sister group to a group that included all other species examined. In this latter group, Neocalceostoma and Thaparocleidus were basal to a clade in which the Ancyrocephalidae and Pseudodactylogyridae were sister groups. Molecular results that suggest inclusion of the families Bothitrematidae, Anoplodiscidae, and Sundanonchidae in …

Go to article

Recommended Terminology And Advances In The Systematics Of The Cyathostominea (Nematoda: Strongyloidea) Of Horses, J. Ralph Lichtenfels, L. M. Gibbons, R. C. Krecek Jan 2002

Recommended Terminology And Advances In The Systematics Of The Cyathostominea (Nematoda: Strongyloidea) Of Horses, J. Ralph Lichtenfels, L. M. Gibbons, R. C. Krecek

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Terminology for common names for the Tribe Cyathostominea (cyathostomins), and disease caused by the nematodes (cyathostominosis), were recommended to replace the previously used names cyathostomes and cyathostomosis, which are ambiguous, inaccurate or synonymous, by the Third Internal Workshop on the Systematics of Cyathostominea of Horses, held in Stresa, Italy, 28 August 2001. The progress by this international working group at three workshops is reviewed briefly and a list of publications is provided. Included are an annotated checklist by genus and species of 93 species level names and the recognition of 52 species, redescriptions of seven species, and the description of …

Go to article

A Preliminary Analysis Of Proteolytic Activity Of Excretory-Secretory Products From Cyathostominea, Jane L. Kinsella, J. Ralph Lichtenfels, Michael F. Ryan Jan 2002

A Preliminary Analysis Of Proteolytic Activity Of Excretory-Secretory Products From Cyathostominea, Jane L. Kinsella, J. Ralph Lichtenfels, Michael F. Ryan

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The excretory-secretory product (ESP) derived from Cyathostominea in vitro was assessed, in terms of subunit composition, and proteolytic activity using as substrates azocasein and two synthetic fluorogenic peptides. Sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) resolved 13 subunits, and the presence of the protein cysteine proteinase activator dithiothreitol (DTT) revealed 21 subunits.DTTalso enhanced azocaseinolysis, and hydrolysis of carbobenzoxy-phenylalanyl-arginine-7-amido-4-methylcoumarin (Z-Phe-Arg-NHMec) and carbobenzoxy-arginyl-arginine-7-amido-4-methylcoumarin (Z-Arg-Arg-NHMec). At the optimum pH of 5.5, hydrolysis of Z-Phe-Arg-NHMec was three-fold greater than that of Z-Arg-Arg-NHMec suggesting that the proteolytic specificities of the ESP are more like those of papain or cathepsin L, rather than cathepsin B. In SDS-PAGE …

Go to article

Identification And Characterisation Of A Cdna Sequence Encoding A Glutamic Acid-Rich Protein Specifically Transcribed In Trichinella Spiralis Newborn Larvae And Recognised By Infected Swine Serum, Dante S. Zarlenga, Patricia Boyd, J. Ralph Lichtenfels, Dolores Hill, H. Ray Gamble Jan 2002

Identification And Characterisation Of A Cdna Sequence Encoding A Glutamic Acid-Rich Protein Specifically Transcribed In Trichinella Spiralis Newborn Larvae And Recognised By Infected Swine Serum, Dante S. Zarlenga, Patricia Boyd, J. Ralph Lichtenfels, Dolores Hill, H. Ray Gamble

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Presently, little is known of the mechanism by which Trichinella penetrates and modulates reprogramming of muscle cells. In light of evidence demonstrating strong protective characteristics of antigens derived from this stage, understanding this process may shed light on potential targets for effective abatement of infection. To this end, a PCR-derived cDNA expression library was constructed using 0.5 mg of total RNA from Trichinella spiralis newborn larvae. The library consisted of >125,000 insert-containing clones. Approximately 40-50 × 103 clones were screened immunologically using sera from pigs experimentally infected with 7,000 Trichinella L1. Multiple clones reacting positively with the swine infection …

Go to article

Foundations For An Integrative Parasitology: Collections, Archives, And Biodiversity Informatics, Eric P. Hoberg Jan 2002

Foundations For An Integrative Parasitology: Collections, Archives, And Biodiversity Informatics, Eric P. Hoberg

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Burgeoning awareness about biodiversity emphasizes the fundamental importance of museum collections and the contributions of systematists and taxonomists in documenting the structure and history of the biosphere. An essential role is served by this infrastructure in collecting, preparing, analyzing, and disseminating information about the specimens that represent species, document a range of complex biological associations from symbioses to parasitism, and form the tapestry and the myriad facets of biodiversity (e.g., Wilson, 2000). As parasitologists we can examine how we may contribute to this broader documentation and understanding of global biodiversity, and we can articulate and communicate our role as vital …

Go to article

Protostrongylus Stilesi (Nematoda: Protostrongylidae): Ecological Isolation And Putative Host-Switching Between Dall’S Sheep And Muskoxen In A Contact Zone, Eric P. Hoberg, Susan J. Kutz, John Nagy, Emily Jenkins, Brett Elkin, Marsha Branigan, Dorothy Cooley Jan 2002

Protostrongylus Stilesi (Nematoda: Protostrongylidae): Ecological Isolation And Putative Host-Switching Between Dall’S Sheep And Muskoxen In A Contact Zone, Eric P. Hoberg, Susan J. Kutz, John Nagy, Emily Jenkins, Brett Elkin, Marsha Branigan, Dorothy Cooley

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The occurrence of Protostrongylus stilesi in a population of introduced muskoxen, Ovibos moschatus wardi, on the Arctic Coastal Plain, Yukon Territory (YT) and Northwest Territories (NT), Canada, is consistent with a contemporary colonization event from Dall’s sheep, Ovis dalli dalli, which indicates that host specificity may be ecologically based and contextual for this parasite. Colonization of muskoxen by P. stilesi may be a predictable event in zones of sympatry with Dall’s sheep; exposure to infection may coincide with occupation of winter ranges of Dall’s sheep by muskoxen during the summer season. Disruption of contemporary ecological isolating barriers can …

Go to article

Coccidia (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) Of The Mammalian Order Chiroptera, Donald W. Duszynski Jan 2002

Coccidia (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) Of The Mammalian Order Chiroptera, Donald W. Duszynski

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The coccidia are protists (phylum Apicomplexa) that, likely, are both the most abundant (numbers of individual zoites) and most speciose of all the kinds of parasites found in/on mammals. They also are among the least studied and understood, with the exception of those species that cause pathology in domesticated Artiodactyla. In this review, I focus only on the largest family of the phylum, Eimeriidae Minchin, 1903, because its members often are among the most prevalent apicomplexans of mammals, and because there has never been a taxonomic summation for those species that infect Chirpotera. In all published descriptions of bat coccidia, …

Go to article

Ultrastructure Of Tuzetia Weidneri Sp. N. (Microsporidia: Tuzetiidae) In Skeletal Muscle Of Litopenaeus Setiferus And Farfantepenaeus Aztecus (Crustacea: Decapoda) And New Data On Perezia Nelsoni (Microsporidia: Pereziidae) In L. Setiferus, Elizabeth U. Canning, Alan Curry, Robin M. Overstreet Jan 2002

Ultrastructure Of Tuzetia Weidneri Sp. N. (Microsporidia: Tuzetiidae) In Skeletal Muscle Of Litopenaeus Setiferus And Farfantepenaeus Aztecus (Crustacea: Decapoda) And New Data On Perezia Nelsoni (Microsporidia: Pereziidae) In L. Setiferus, Elizabeth U. Canning, Alan Curry, Robin M. Overstreet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

A new microsporidian species, Tuzetia weidneri sp. n. , is described from the skeletal muscle of the decapod crustaceans Litopenaeus setiferus and Farfantepenaeus aztecus. Fresh spores are pyriform, measuring 3.1 x 2.3 µm. All stages have unpaired nuclei. Meronts lie in direct contact with degenerate host cell cytoplasm but produce numerous small blisters at the surface. Multinucleate meronts divide by constriction into groups or chains of uninucleate products. Sporogony is initiated by deposition of a dense surface coat on the plasma membrane of uninucleate or multinucleate stages and fusion of blisters to enclose the sporont in a sporophorous vesicle …

Go to article

The Structure Of The Nucleus Of Odonaticola Polyhamatus (Gregarinea: Actinocephalidae), A Parasite Of Mnais Strigata (Hagen) (Odonata: Calopterygidae), Kasumi Hoshide, John J. Janovy Jr. Jan 2002

The Structure Of The Nucleus Of Odonaticola Polyhamatus (Gregarinea: Actinocephalidae), A Parasite Of Mnais Strigata (Hagen) (Odonata: Calopterygidae), Kasumi Hoshide, John J. Janovy Jr.

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The nucleus of Odonaticola polyhamatus was isolated from the body and observed with light, scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy. The nucleus had a thick thread-like structure with which it was tied to the septum. This thread-like structure has not been reported or described previously. The gregarine nuclear surface was covered with a fine fibrous net. This is the first report of the surface structure of a gregarine nucleus as revealed by SEM. Inside the nuclear membrane was a thin honeycomb layer similar to that reported for some other gregarines. Several spherical nucleoli and numerous electron dense small structures were …

Go to article

Potential Pathological Effects Of Blood Flukes (Digenea: Sanguinicolidae) On Pen-Reared Marine Fishes, Stephen A. Bullard, Robin M. Overstreet Jan 2002

Potential Pathological Effects Of Blood Flukes (Digenea: Sanguinicolidae) On Pen-Reared Marine Fishes, Stephen A. Bullard, Robin M. Overstreet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Sanguinicolids, or fish blood flukes, infect the vascular system of both marine and freshwater fishes, and some act as serious pathogens of hosts in aquaculture. Blood flukes typically possess a relatively benign relationship with wild fishes; however, cultured hosts near appropriate intermediate hosts (i.e., snail, bivalve, or polychaete) may accumulate heavy infections of the worms and their eggs. The resulting disease, sanguinicoliasis, has caused mass mortalities of fish reared in ponds and cages in North America, Europe, and Asia. In the life cycle, the cercaria emerges from the intermediate invertebrate host and penetrates into and matures in the definitive fish …

Go to article

Hydrobiid Snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Rissooidea) From St. Andrew Bay, Florida, Richard W. Heard, Robin M. Overstreet, John M. Foster Jan 2002

Hydrobiid Snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Rissooidea) From St. Andrew Bay, Florida, Richard W. Heard, Robin M. Overstreet, John M. Foster

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Heleobops sp. of Hershler and Thompson appears to be the only previously published record for the gastropod family Hydrobiidae Troschel in tidal waters of the St. Andrew Bay System, Florida. Six species occurred in bayous, marshes, and brackish ponds associated with the System during studies conducted between 1984 and 1999: Texadina barretti (Morrison), Texadina sphinctostoma Abbott and Ladd, Littoridinops monroensis (Frauenfeld), Littoridinops palustris Thompson, Onobops jacksoni (Bartsch), and Heleobops sp. A. The last is an apparently undescribed species closely related to Heleobops carrikeri Davis and McKee. Based in part on this study, Heleobops sp. A, which occurs in brackish habitats …

Go to article

Morphological And Molecular Description Of Haematoloechus Meridionalis N. Sp. (Digenea: Plagiorchioidea: Haematoloechidae) From Rana Vaillanti Brocchi Of Guanacaste, Costa Rica, Virginia León-Règagnon, Daniel R. Brooks, Derek A. Zelmer Dec 2001

Morphological And Molecular Description Of Haematoloechus Meridionalis N. Sp. (Digenea: Plagiorchioidea: Haematoloechidae) From Rana Vaillanti Brocchi Of Guanacaste, Costa Rica, Virginia León-Règagnon, Daniel R. Brooks, Derek A. Zelmer

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

An undescribed species of Haematoloechus inhabits the lungs of Rana vaillanti in northwestern Costa Rica. The new species is most similar morphologically to H. medioplexus, having a very small, but well-developed, ventral sucker and lacking extracecal uterine loops, and apparently was misidentified previously as H. medioplexus in Rana palmipes from Colombia. It differs from H. medioplexus, notably by (1) the shape of the oral sucker, which is elliptical in H. meridionalis and spherical in H. medioplexus; (2) the posterior extent of the vitelline fields, which terminate at the same level in H. medioplexus, but always at …

Go to article

Description Of Buckarootrema Goodmani N. G., N. Sp. (Digenea: Pronocephalidae), A Parasite Of The Freshwater Turtle Emydura Macquarii (Gray, 1830) (Pleurodira: Chelidae) From Queensland, Australia, And A Phylogenetic Analysis Of The Genera Of The Pronocephalidae Looss, 1902, Thomas R. Platt, Daniel R. Brooks Oct 2001

Description Of Buckarootrema Goodmani N. G., N. Sp. (Digenea: Pronocephalidae), A Parasite Of The Freshwater Turtle Emydura Macquarii (Gray, 1830) (Pleurodira: Chelidae) From Queensland, Australia, And A Phylogenetic Analysis Of The Genera Of The Pronocephalidae Looss, 1902, Thomas R. Platt, Daniel R. Brooks

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Buckarootrema goodmani n. g., n. sp. is described from the small intestine of the Murray turtle, Emydura macquarii (Gray, 1830), from the vicinity of Warwick, Queensland, Australia. The distinctive taxonomic features include the vitellarium, which consists of two compact masses directly anterior to and occasionally overlapping the testes; the uterus with extensive pre- and postovarian coils; intestinal ceca with small, medial diverticula that terminate anterior to or at the anterior margin of the testes; a comma-shaped cirrus sac with both internal and external seminal vesicles. Phylogenetic systematic analysis of the genera of the Pronocephalidae including Buckarootrema and Notopronocephalus, …

Go to article

Vexillata Liomyos N. Sp. (Nemata: Ornithostrongylidae) From Liomys Pictus (Rodentia: Heteromyidae) From Mexico, With Comments On The Synlophe Of Vexillata Armandae, Jorge Falcon-Ordaz, Scott Lyell Gardner, Gerardo Perez-Ponce De Leon Jun 2001

Vexillata Liomyos N. Sp. (Nemata: Ornithostrongylidae) From Liomys Pictus (Rodentia: Heteromyidae) From Mexico, With Comments On The Synlophe Of Vexillata Armandae, Jorge Falcon-Ordaz, Scott Lyell Gardner, Gerardo Perez-Ponce De Leon

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Individuals of a new species of Vexillata were collected from the small intestines of Liomys pictus from the Estacio´n de Biologı´a Chamela, in Jalisco State, Mexico. The new species shows an array of characters that allow us to recognize it as a member of Vexillata; however, it can be distinguished from other species of the genus in that males possess an asymmetrical caudal bursa, females possess a characteristic cuticular inflation at the level of the ovijector, and both sexes possess a synlophe with 9 ridges at the midbody. Additional detail of the synlophe of Vexillata armandae Gardner et al., …

Go to article

Anindobothrium N. Gen. (Eucestoda: Tetraphyllidea) Inhabiting Marine And Freshwater Potamotrygonid Stingrays, Fernando P.L. Marques, Daniel R. Brooks, Carlos A. Lasso Jun 2001

Anindobothrium N. Gen. (Eucestoda: Tetraphyllidea) Inhabiting Marine And Freshwater Potamotrygonid Stingrays, Fernando P.L. Marques, Daniel R. Brooks, Carlos A. Lasso

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Anindobothrium n. gen. is proposed to accommodate Caulobothrium anacolum inhabiting Himantura schmardae from Colombia, and two new species, one inhabiting Potamotrygon orbigny in Brazil and the other inhabiting Paratrygon aereiba in Venezuela. Members of the new genus resemble members of Pararhinebothroides, Rhinebothroides, and Anthocephalum by having bothridia with poorly differentiated apical suckers and vasa deferentia expanded into external seminal vesicles. It further resembles Pararhinebothroides, Rhinebothroides, and Anthocephalum cairae by having vas deferens inserted near the poral rather than aporal end of the cirrus sac. The 3 species assigned to the new genus form an apparent monophyletic …

Go to article

Parasite Systematics In The 21st Century: Opportunities And Obstacles, Daniel R. Brooks, Eric P. Hoberg Jun 2001

Parasite Systematics In The 21st Century: Opportunities And Obstacles, Daniel R. Brooks, Eric P. Hoberg

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Taxonomic names and phylogenetic hypotheses are indispensable tools for modern biological research, both basic and applied. Like all disciplines, parasitology suffers from the ‘taxonomic impediment’ – a global shortage of professional taxonomists and systematists. Only a fraction of the species of parasites on this planet have been identified, and the evolutionary relationships of only a minority of those are understood; thus, information on how to manage parasite biodiversity, including known and potential disease agents, is incomplete. A renewal of systematic parasitology has a key role in redefining the relationship between mankind and the organisms whose biology fascinates us so much.

Go to article

Persistent Fontanelles In Rodent Skulls, Scott Lyell Gardner, Sydney Anderson Apr 2001

Persistent Fontanelles In Rodent Skulls, Scott Lyell Gardner, Sydney Anderson

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Persistent fenestrae occur between frontal or parietal bones in skulls of various rodents, especially species of Andinomys and Ctenomys. The frequency of occurrence and the shape and position of the fenestrae may vary with age or among individuals, populations, and species. Different families and species from both high and low elevations exhibit fenestrae. They have arisen in several different evolutionary lineages. Genetic factors contribute, but no clear functional significance of the fenestrae has been established.

Go to article

Evolution In The Information Age: Rediscovering The Nature Of The Organism, Daniel R. Brooks Mar 2001

Evolution In The Information Age: Rediscovering The Nature Of The Organism, Daniel R. Brooks

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The newest synthesis of evolutionary thought is emerging, and promises to return evolutionary biology to Darwin’s panoramic view of life. The key element is a long-standing dualism in evolutionary theory. This dualism has a long history within evolutionary biology, being manifested under guises such as: (1) the nature of the organism and the nature of the conditions, (2) internal and external, or intrinsic and extrinsic, factors, (3) production and exchanges, (4) boundary and initial conditions, (5) metabolism and replication, (6) energy and information, and (7) costs and benefits, and conflict and resolution. A partially retrospective review suggests that there is …

Go to article

Characterization Of The Laminated Layer Of In Vitro Cultivated Echinococcus Vogeli Metacestodes, Katrin Ingold, Wenjuan Dai, Robert L. Rausch, Bruno Gottstein, Andrew Hemphill Feb 2001

Characterization Of The Laminated Layer Of In Vitro Cultivated Echinococcus Vogeli Metacestodes, Katrin Ingold, Wenjuan Dai, Robert L. Rausch, Bruno Gottstein, Andrew Hemphill

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The metacestode (larval) stages of the cestode parasites Echinococcus vogeli and E. multilocularis were isolated from the peritoneal cavity of experimentally infected C57BL/6 mice and were cultured in vitro for a period of up to four months under conditions normally applied for the in vitro cultivation of E. multilocularis metacestodes. In contrast to E. multilocularis, E. vogeli did not exhibit extensive exogenous budding and proliferation but increased in size with a final diameter of up to 10 mm. Most metacestodes contained protoscoleces, singly or in groups, either associated with brood capsules or growing directly out of the germinal layer. …

Go to article

Biotic And Abiotic Effects On Endoparasites Infecting Dipodomys And Perognathus Species, Kimberly H. Decker, Donald W. Duszynski, Michael J. Patrick Jan 2001

Biotic And Abiotic Effects On Endoparasites Infecting Dipodomys And Perognathus Species, Kimberly H. Decker, Donald W. Duszynski, Michael J. Patrick

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Between 1989 and 1998, 3,504 rodents of the genera Dipodomys and Perognathus were collected from 4 permanent collecting sites on the University of New Mexico’s Long Term Ecological Research station, located on the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge (SNWR), Socorro County, New Mexico. All animals were killed and examined for endoparasites (acanthocephalans, cestodes, coccidia, and nematodes). The present report focuses on 3 endoparasite groups, cestodes, coccidia, and nematodes. Specific analyses address how prevalence changes were related to abiotic factors such as habitat, season, or precipitation, and how prevalence of each parasite species in each host species differed in relation to host …

Go to article

Out Of Africa: Origins Of The Taenia Tapeworms In Humans, Eric P. Hoberg, Nancy L. Alkire, Alan De Queiroz, Arlene Jones Jan 2001

Out Of Africa: Origins Of The Taenia Tapeworms In Humans, Eric P. Hoberg, Nancy L. Alkire, Alan De Queiroz, Arlene Jones

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Phylogenetic and divergence date analyses indicate that the occurrence of Taenia tapeworms in humans pre-dates the development of agriculture, animal husbandry and domestication of cattle (Bos spp.) or swine (Sus scrofa) Taeniid tapeworms in Africa twice independently colonized hominids and the genus Homo prior to the origin of modern humans. Dietary and behavioural shifts, from herbivory to scavenging and carnivory, as early Homo entered the carnivore guild in the Pliocene/Pleistocene, were drivers for host switching by tapeworms to hominids from carnivores including hyaenids and felids. Parasitological data provide a unique means of elucidating the historical ecology, foraging behavior …

Go to article

Synlophe In Ostertagia Cf. Kasakhstanica (Nematoda: Ostertagiinae), The Minor Morphotype Of O. Bisonis From Western North America, Eric P. Hoberg, Arthur Abrams Jan 2001

Synlophe In Ostertagia Cf. Kasakhstanica (Nematoda: Ostertagiinae), The Minor Morphotype Of O. Bisonis From Western North America, Eric P. Hoberg, Arthur Abrams

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Ostertagia cf. kasakhstanica. the putative minor morphotype of the polymorphie ostertagiine O. bisonis, is reported in Bison bison from South Dakota. Descriptions of the synlophe and details of other diagnostic characters useful in identification and differentiation of this minor morphotype from other ostertagiines in wild and domestic ruminants from western North America are presented. Laterally, the cervical synlophe is consistent with Type Ib pattern among ostertagiines and is within the range of variation previously described for O. bisonis. Among recognized minor morphotypes of ostertagiines in wild and domestic ruminants from North America, O. kasakhstanica is distinct from …

Go to article

A New Lungworm In Muskoxen: An Exploration In Arctic Parasitology, Susan J. Kutz, Eric P. Hoberg, Lydden Polley Jan 2001

A New Lungworm In Muskoxen: An Exploration In Arctic Parasitology, Susan J. Kutz, Eric P. Hoberg, Lydden Polley

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Ruminants are vital elements of the Holarctic ecosystem. Little is known, however, of the structure or biology of their parasite fauna, particularly in North America. Global warming, coupied with increasing human activity in the Arctic, requires enhanced intemational interdisciplinary efforts to better understand the many factors, including parasites, that influence the population health of caribou, reindeer, muskoxen and wild sheep. The discovery of an unusual new genus of protostrongylid lung nematode in muskoxen from the central Canadian Arctic is described, and the intricacies of the parasite's relationship with its muskoxen definitive hosts, its gastropod intermediate hosts and the arctic environment …

Go to article

New Host And Geographic Records For Two Protostrongylids In Dall's Sheep, Susan J. Kutz, A. M. Veitch, Eric P. Hoberg, B. T. Elkin, Emily J. Jenkins, L. Polley Jan 2001

New Host And Geographic Records For Two Protostrongylids In Dall's Sheep, Susan J. Kutz, A. M. Veitch, Eric P. Hoberg, B. T. Elkin, Emily J. Jenkins, L. Polley

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Biodiversity survey and inventory have resulted in new information on the distribution of Protostrongylidae in Dall’s sheep (Ovis dalli dalli) from the Northwest Territories (Northwest Territories, Canada) and from Alaska (Alaska, USA). In 1998, Parelaphostrongylus odocoilei adults were found for the first time in the skeletal muscles of Dall’s sheep in the Mackenzie Mountains (Northwest Territories). Adult P. odocoilei were associated with petechial and ecchymotic hemorrhages and localized myositis; eggs and larvae in the lungs were associated with diffuse granulomatous pneumonia. Experimental infections of the slugs Deroceras laeve and Deroceras reticulatum with dorsal-spined first-stage larvae assumed to be …

Go to article

Gastrointestinal Strongyles In Wild Ruminants, Eric P. Hoberg, A. Alan Kocan, Lora G. Rickard Jan 2001

Gastrointestinal Strongyles In Wild Ruminants, Eric P. Hoberg, A. Alan Kocan, Lora G. Rickard

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Parasitologists have long studied helminth infections in wildlife species and have documented the existence of many organisms from a diversity of mammalian hosts. With this accumulation of information has come improved understanding of the significance of these organisms and the diseases they produce in their mammalian hosts. Some of the most notable examples include the metastrongyloid lungworms, Trichinella spiralis, and Elaeophora schneideri, which are covered separately in this volume. It is, however, for the group of parasites referred to as gastrointestinal nematodes that we have accumulated the most data. Only recently has progress been made in determining the …

Go to article

Cyclospora, Eimeria, Isospora And Cryptosporidium Spp., Donald Duszynski, Steve J. Upton Jan 2001

Cyclospora, Eimeria, Isospora And Cryptosporidium Spp., Donald Duszynski, Steve J. Upton

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Coccidia are exceptionally common protist parasites of both vertebrates and, to a lesser extent, invertebrates. Every vertebrate species that ever has been examined intensively, over a broad geographic range, has been found to have at least one coccidian species unique to it and may have as many as five, ten, or more species. They also may have additional coccidia shared with close relatives (congenerics, sometimes confarnilials) and/or with sympatrics. The history of the development of our knowledge about coccidian parasites of wild mammals is long and tangled and has been reviewed by Levine, Joyner, and Long and Joyner. Suffice it …

Go to article

Evaluation Of The Specificity Of Five Oligoprobes For Identification Of Cyathostomin Species From Horses, J. E. Hodgkinson, S. Love, J. Ralph Lichtenfels, S. Palfreman, Y. H. Ramsey, J. B. Matthews Jan 2001

Evaluation Of The Specificity Of Five Oligoprobes For Identification Of Cyathostomin Species From Horses, J. E. Hodgkinson, S. Love, J. Ralph Lichtenfels, S. Palfreman, Y. H. Ramsey, J. B. Matthews

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Here, we report evaluation of five oligoprobes designed from intergenic spacer (IGS) region sequences for identification of cyathostomin species. Oligoprobes were designed for identification of Cylicocyclus ashworthi, Cylicocyclus nassatus, Cylicostephanus longibursatus, Cylicostephanus goldi and a fifth probe designed to identify all members of this tribe. PCR amplification of IGS DNA from 16 cyathostomin species allowed sequence comparison and identification of four putative species-specific probes. Southern blotting of amplified products from 16 species showed that all probes were species-specific. The fifth probe recognised all 16 cyathostomin species but did not bind to members of the genus Strongylus. Furthermore, these probes …

Go to article

Onchocercosis In Red Deer (Cervus Elaphus) From Spain, Mónica Santín-Durán, José M. Alunda, Eric P. Hoberg Jan 2001

Onchocercosis In Red Deer (Cervus Elaphus) From Spain, Mónica Santín-Durán, José M. Alunda, Eric P. Hoberg

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Onchocercosis, caused by Onchocerca flexuosa, was observed in red deer (Cervus elaphus) from Spain for the first time. Adult specimens of O. flexuosa were found in nodules in subcutaneous tissues in 42 of 125 (33%) red deer between October 1994 and September 1995; intensity of infection 6 SD was 3.93 ± 5.26 nodules per infected host. A clear seasonal pattern in the distribution of nodules was observed, with higher values of prevalence and intensity in fall and winter in contrast to spring and summer. Significant differences were found among age groups in prevalence, but not in the …

Go to article

Presentation Of The Asp Distinguished Service Award To Robert L. Rausch, Eric P. Hoberg Jan 2001

Presentation Of The Asp Distinguished Service Award To Robert L. Rausch, Eric P. Hoberg

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Over the past 50 years Robert Rausch has been at the forefront of research on the systematics, taxonomy, biogeography, epidemiology, and pathology of helminth parasites in vertebrate hosts. Research programs and projects have continually emphasized the complex interface of parasitology, sylvatic distributions of pathogens in wild mammals, and public health, whether dealing with tapeworms such as Echinococcus or Diphyllobothrium or with nematodes such as Trichinella. Most meticulous in research, contributions by Dr. Rausch have been characterized by their innovative nature, depth and scope of detail, complete articulation and examination of hypotheses, and novel insights integrating parasites and parasitism within …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last