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Comparing Predictive Performance Of Garch And Stochastic Volatility Models, Swapnaneel Nath
Comparing Predictive Performance Of Garch And Stochastic Volatility Models, Swapnaneel Nath
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
This paper compares the predictive performance of two commonly used financial models, the Generalized Auto-Regressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) model, and the Stochastic Volatility model. Both techniques are used in the finance literature to model returns on an asset; the main difference between the two is that the former holds volatility as deterministic, whereas the latter treats it as a stochastic component. Three 10-year periods (2006-15, 2008-17, and 2010-19) of returns of the S&P-500 Index are used to train the two models. The parameter estimation is done using Hamiltonian Monte Carlo. Then, using Sequential Monte Carlo updates, returns for 2016, 2018, …
Phenotypic And Transcriptomic Characterization Of Rice Snrk1 Mutants Developed By Crispr/Cas9 Mutagenesis, Maria Clara Faria Chaves
Phenotypic And Transcriptomic Characterization Of Rice Snrk1 Mutants Developed By Crispr/Cas9 Mutagenesis, Maria Clara Faria Chaves
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
SnRK1 is a heterotrimeric protein kinase that is composed of a catalytic subunit (α) and two regulatory subunits (β and βγ), and it has a main role in regulating energy homeostasis in the plant by modulating anabolic and catabolic process. SnRK1 phosphorylates and alters the activities of enzymes involved in metabolism and regulates gene expression by altering the activity of chromatin-remodeling enzymes or the transcription factors. Rice contains three functional paralogs of SnRK1α: SnRK1αa (LOC_Os03g17980), SnRK1αb (LOC_Os08g37800), and SnRK1αc (LOC_Os05g45420). This study focused on the function of these SnRK1 paralogs by evaluating the phenotypic and transcriptomic characteristics and the disease …
Bio-Methane Production From Anaerobic Co-Digestion Of Poultry Litter With Wheat Straw Improved By Process Optimization And Employment Of Advanced Techniques, Yuanhang Zhan
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Anaerobic co-digestion (Co-AD) of poultry litter (PL) and wheat straw (WS) for sustainable waste management and simultaneously renewable bioenergy generation was improved by advanced technologies including micro-aeration (MA), biochar addition (BC), nanoparticles supplementation (NP) and their integrations. Response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) were used for the process modeling and optimization. First, a method by gradually increasing OLR was developed for the start-up of Co-AD of PL and WS in an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (ASBR), with a continuous daily biogas production of (13.06 ± 0.21) L and methane content (MC) of (54.38 ± 0.53) % observed. …
Density And Occupancy Of Mammals Along An Urban To Rural Gradient In Northwest Arkansas, Leah E. Mctigue
Density And Occupancy Of Mammals Along An Urban To Rural Gradient In Northwest Arkansas, Leah E. Mctigue
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Human development is a rapidly expanding phenomenon impacting wildlife communities globally. As the human footprint expands, natural greenspace and nature reserves become fragmented and isolated. Wildlife species and communities respond to these changes in different ways. Urban exploiters persist in more urban areas and are able to take advantage of anthropogenic subsidies (food, shelter, etc). Urban avoiders, however, are species that may be pushed out of developed areas or occur in lower densities relative to undisturbed areas. Northwest Arkansas is an optimal location to study the impacts of urbanization on wildlife communities, as the current human population is expected to …
Treating High Salinity Produced Water Using Hybrid Membrane Processes: Electrocoagulation-Microfiltration/Ultrafiltration-Membrane Distillation-Crystallization, Mahmood Gheni Jebur
Treating High Salinity Produced Water Using Hybrid Membrane Processes: Electrocoagulation-Microfiltration/Ultrafiltration-Membrane Distillation-Crystallization, Mahmood Gheni Jebur
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Produced water (PW) is considered the largest industrial wastewater stream in the world. PW generated from oil and gas operations generally contains a range of contaminants including high total dissolved solids, high total suspended solids, polar and nonpolar organic compounds, and low surface tension dissolved species. Treating PW is very challenging and applying only membrane-based technologies is not sufficient due to membrane fouling, which affects their long-term performance. Hence, integrated membrane processes are required to treat PW effectively. Hybrid membrane processes, which may result from combining a conventional process with a membrane separation, could be used to address the issues …
Explicit And Implicit Measurements Of Sensory And Emotional Responses To Stimuli In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Asmita Singh
Explicit And Implicit Measurements Of Sensory And Emotional Responses To Stimuli In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Asmita Singh
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a developmental disability that causes significant social, communication, and behavioral challenges and it is often involved in sensory processing issues that lead to feeding problems. While our understanding of how sensory responses differ in people with ASD is limited, past studies indicated atypical responses to certain stimuli. If these stimuli can be identified, they could be good indicators to identify the risk of autism in young children. The main objective of this dissertation was to identify a specific stimulus leading autistic children to exhibit atypical responses in terms of sensory or emotional aspects. Children between …
The Influence Of Temperature, Prey Availability, And Population Of Origin On Ectotherm Energetics, Allison R. Litmer
The Influence Of Temperature, Prey Availability, And Population Of Origin On Ectotherm Energetics, Allison R. Litmer
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Climate change poses threats to organisms regarding direct and indirect effects of warming temperatures. Laboratory studies and predictive models are useful for understanding how temperature influences organisms, and the future of species’ life history and persistence. This dissertation expands upon current approaches to thermal studies and climate models, while investigating effects of warming nighttime temperature and altered prey availability on individuals and populations. Lizards in the genus Sceloporus were used as model organisms, as they are broadly distributed with thermally sensitive physiologies. The first dissertation chapter conducted meta-analyses to examine temperature-induced changes in food consumption, activity, and life history. Prominent …
Short-Term Response In Soil Health To Management Practices Within Large- And Small-Scale Cropping Systems In Arkansas, Torri Holder
Short-Term Response In Soil Health To Management Practices Within Large- And Small-Scale Cropping Systems In Arkansas, Torri Holder
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Improving soil health is a growing area of interest within large- and small-scale agricultural systems in Arkansas as producers face increasing input costs, increased awareness of variability and intensity in extreme weather events, decreasing resource availability, and suboptimal productivity related to environmental degradation. Practices aimed at improving soil health such as cover cropping and the use of organic amendments are increasingly recommended and adopted; however, research on optimal management in the Mid-South is lacking. Two studies were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of soil health management under both small- and large-scale farming operations in Arkansas. The objective of the small-scale …
The Role Of Platform Openness In Complementary Innovation, Jia Wei
The Role Of Platform Openness In Complementary Innovation, Jia Wei
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The two important roles in a platform ecosystem are platform owners and complementors that cooperate to create value through indirect network effects. To facilitate such cooperation, platforms implement platform openness to provide significant resources for their complementors. Granting complementors access to platform core resources through application programming interfaces enables complementors to access the platform’s core development assets such as built-in software functionalities, data, and the user base. This resource provision is the dominant way for platforms to “open” their platform to complementors. While platform openness has attracted scholarly attention, there is a gap in understanding the role of platform openness …
Differences In Due Process During Post-Conviction: Examining Jurisdictional Influence On Exoneration, Kimberly Hawkins
Differences In Due Process During Post-Conviction: Examining Jurisdictional Influence On Exoneration, Kimberly Hawkins
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Research on wrongful conviction has found several factors associated with an erroneous conviction. As of yet, research has not delved into the jurisdictional effects on exoneration. Using the American State’s use of the death penalty for a proxy of punitiveness, this study will examine if there is a relationship between use of capital punishment and exoneration rates. The National Registry of Exonerations is the most comprehensive collection of exonerations to date and this secondary data source will be analyzed using logistic regression models to examine differences across policy environments. Result show that non-death penalty states have a much higher exoneration …
Rice Material State Diagrams: Trends Of Contemporary Cultivars And Influence Of Nitrogen Application During Production, Evans Ameyaw Owusu
Rice Material State Diagrams: Trends Of Contemporary Cultivars And Influence Of Nitrogen Application During Production, Evans Ameyaw Owusu
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Rice is typically harvested at high moisture content (MC) levels which necessitates drying to low MC levels for safe storage. However, drying at inappropriate temperatures and durations can lead to deterioration of kernel quality such as fissure formation. Kernels with these fissures are typically associated with reduced head rice yields and significant economic losses. Material state diagrams for rice have been created by the University of Arkansas Rice Processing Program (UARPP) as a tool to aid in predicting the ideal temperatures to use during drying and tempering (a process of holding rice at the drying temperature for some duration). The …
Nutrient Responses To Hippuric Acid In Sheep Urine Applied To Pasture Soil Cores, Ethan Avery Collins
Nutrient Responses To Hippuric Acid In Sheep Urine Applied To Pasture Soil Cores, Ethan Avery Collins
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Hippuric acid is a breakdown product of tannins, which bind with proteins in the animal rumen and slow down protein metabolism, thus increasing nitrogen (N) retention in the animal. Increased hippuric acid concentration in bovine and ovine urine applied to soil may decrease rates of nitrification, denitrification, and nitrous oxide fluxes in pasture soils. Additionally, condensed tannins have increased rates of carbon mineralization when incorporated in humus and leaf litter. To evaluate effects of hippuric acid concentration, treatments of urine from sheep fed a tannin-supplemented diet, synthetic urine, or urea controls were applied to intact soil cores seeded with crabgrass …
Holocaust Education In Arkansas: An Exploration Of Policy Process And Implementation, Toby Klein
Holocaust Education In Arkansas: An Exploration Of Policy Process And Implementation, Toby Klein
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The Holocaust was the attempted extermination of the Jewish people--a fact previously considered to be common knowledge. However, recent national surveys find that Arkansas students have the lowest levels of knowledge of the Holocaust in the United States. A recent law mandated the teaching of the Holocaust for 5-12th grade public school students in Arkansas, however, little is known about the policy process and implementation of such a mandate. Given the magnitude of the gaps in the literature on this topic, this dissertation uses a three article format to address specific gaps and make specific contributions to the literature by …
Circuitry And Semiconductor Studies For Making A Graphene Energy Harvesting Device, Ferdinand Harerimana
Circuitry And Semiconductor Studies For Making A Graphene Energy Harvesting Device, Ferdinand Harerimana
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Freestanding graphene has constantly moving ripples. Due to its extreme flexibility, graphene responds to ambient vibrations and changes its curvature from concave to convex and vice versa. During a ripple inversion 10,000 atoms move together, suggesting the presence of kinetic energy which can be harvested. In this study we present circuitry and semiconductor studies for harvesting energy from graphene vibrations. The goal of the study is to develop a graphene energy harvesting chip which can serve as a battery replacement in low power electronics. In the first study we determined the best circuit for harvesting vibrational low power. To do …
Electrochemically Precipitated Struvite Effects On Soil Property And Crop Response, Tatum Simms
Electrochemically Precipitated Struvite Effects On Soil Property And Crop Response, Tatum Simms
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Phosphorus (P) is a vital resource that is finite and only mineable in raw-material form in a few countries worldwide. Struvite (MgNH4PO4·6H2O) is a mineral that can be produced from wastewater that may provide a promising alternative source of fertilizer-P for crop production, but comprehensive characterizations of struvite behavior in various soils and responses of various crops are necessary. This study aimed to determine the (1) leaching potential, (2) vertical soil profile-P distribution, (3) wheat (Triticum aestivum), corn (Zea mays), and soybean (Glycine max) response, and (4) soil property changes over time of electrochemically precipitated struvite (ECST) compared to that …
Achieving High Renewable Energy Integration In Smart Grids With Machine Learning, Yaze Li
Achieving High Renewable Energy Integration In Smart Grids With Machine Learning, Yaze Li
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The integration of high levels of renewable energy into smart grids is crucial for achieving a sustainable and efficient energy infrastructure. However, this integration presents significant technical and operational challenges due to the intermittent nature and inherent uncertainty of renewable energy sources (RES). Therefore, the energy storage system (ESS) has always been bound to renewable energy, and its charge and discharge control has become an important part of the integration. The addition of RES and ESS comes with their complex control, communication, and monitor capabilities, which also makes the grid more vulnerable to attacks, brings new challenges to the cybersecurity. …
The Multiverse Argument For The Existence Of God, Michael Dover
The Multiverse Argument For The Existence Of God, Michael Dover
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The Fine-Tuning Argument for the Existence of God is one of the most powerful arguments in favor of God’s existence. Perhaps the most common objection to this argument involves the Multiverse Theory, which posits an infinite or very large multiverse, adequately explaining the fine-tuning of the universe without positing an intelligent designer. Thus, the Multiverse Theory is often posited as a way of maintaining Atheism. In this paper, I argue that the Atheistic Multiverse View is untenable: if the multiverse exists, God or gods are highly likely to exist as well. Additionally, this paper explores topics like: the conceivability of …
Towards Multi-Modal Explainable Video Understanding, Kashu Yamazaki
Towards Multi-Modal Explainable Video Understanding, Kashu Yamazaki
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
This thesis presents a novel approach to video understanding by emulating human perceptual processes and creating an explainable and coherent storytelling representation of video content. Central to this approach is the development of a Visual-Linguistic (VL) feature for an interpretable video representation and the creation of a Transformer-in-Transformer (TinT) decoder for modeling intra- and inter-event coherence in a video. Drawing inspiration from the way humans comprehend scenes by breaking them down into visual and non-visual components, the proposed VL feature models a scene through three distinct modalities. These include: (i) a global visual environment, providing a broad contextual understanding of …
Essays Examining Humanitarian Supply Chains: Investigating Operational Characteristics, Activities, And Performance, Llord Brooks
Essays Examining Humanitarian Supply Chains: Investigating Operational Characteristics, Activities, And Performance, Llord Brooks
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
As the frequency and severity of disasters continue to increase, the need for collaboration amongst all humanitarian stakeholders in humanitarian supply chain activities during all aspects of the disaster cycle has become more critical to the success of relief operations. Humanitarian non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are voluntary organizations operating in highly dynamic and chaotic environments to provide aid to people in need. But as the impact of disaster increases and the funding becomes more limited and competitive, they face mounting pressures from stakeholders to improve the quality of their operations. Similarly, private organizations are also under higher levels of scrutiny to …
Anti-Inflammatory Effect Of Apiaceous Vegetables In A Mouse Model Of Colitis - Implications For Colon Cancer Risk, Laura Mariana Mariana Echavarri Ibarra
Anti-Inflammatory Effect Of Apiaceous Vegetables In A Mouse Model Of Colitis - Implications For Colon Cancer Risk, Laura Mariana Mariana Echavarri Ibarra
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the US. Dietary habits account for 50% of the cases. A westernized diet (high fat, high sugar/fructose, and low in fruits and vegetables) and inflammatory bowel diseases are risk factors for colorectal cancer. Evidence suggests phytochemicals in apiaceous vegetables (API; celery family) possess anti-inflammatory and potentially chemopreventive properties. Hence, investigation of whether the consumption of API mitigates acute colitis is warranted. Using mice fed the Total Western Diet (TWD) and administered dextran sodium sulfate (DSS; induces colitis), the objectives of this project are to identify the effects of API …
Use Of X-Ray Imaging To Elucidate Impacts Of Drying Approach On Rice Seed Health, Samuel Olayiwola Olaoni
Use Of X-Ray Imaging To Elucidate Impacts Of Drying Approach On Rice Seed Health, Samuel Olayiwola Olaoni
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Improper drying, which causes fissuring of rice kernels, may influence the overall seed health. This study evaluated the impacts of various drying conditions on rice fissures, seed germination and vigor. A long – grain rice cultivar with a moisture content (MC) of 15.5% w.b. (wet basis) was used during the experiments. Samples were dried as thin layers at temperatures of 30 ℃, 40 ℃ and 50 ℃ with a constant relative humidity (RH) of 50% and air velocities (AV) of 0.66 m/s and 1.65 m/s. X – ray imaging was used for fissure detection before and after drying the samples …
Partial Discharge Mitigation In Power Modules Using An Automation-Driven Design Rule Development Method, Shilpi Mukherjee
Partial Discharge Mitigation In Power Modules Using An Automation-Driven Design Rule Development Method, Shilpi Mukherjee
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Power modules used for the conversion and conditioning of electrical power for applications like electric vehicles, more-electric aircraft, the power grid, etc., are largely designed manually by engineers. Design automation of power modules is starting to gain recognition as a timely and necessary alternative to intuitive manual design and fabrication. With increasing need for wide bandgap materials that can operate at higher voltages, and the need to make modules more compact, hazards like electrical breakdown are more likely. Partial discharge (PD) is a silent and invisible precursor to electrical breakdown. It is compounded with compaction, creating a potential for electrical …
Generating Health-Promoting Bioactive Compounds And Nanoporous Materials From Rice Processing Byproducts Via Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Technology, Sumanjot Kaur
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Rice husk and bran, byproducts of rice processing, are generated in large quantities (~30-40% of the total rice weight) and are discarded as waste or burned in an open field, creating a major disposal problem for the rice industry. However, these byproducts contain high-value compounds, including phytochemicals, fiber, and proteins. Therefore, the goal of this study was to generate high-value food ingredients from rice processing byproducts using a green, innovative approach based on supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) technology. Specific objectives were to (i) extract health-promoting phytochemicals from rice husk and (ii) convert rice bran into nanoporous materials using SC-CO2. First, …
Radiofrequency And Gaseous Technologies For Enhancing The Microbiological Safety Of Low Moisture Food Ingredients, Surabhi Wason
Radiofrequency And Gaseous Technologies For Enhancing The Microbiological Safety Of Low Moisture Food Ingredients, Surabhi Wason
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
High heat resistance and long survival of Salmonella in low moisture food ingredients (LMFIs) such as spices and seeds are concerning as they are typically consumed without cooking. Therefore, it is challenging to effectively inactivate pathogenic bacteria without negatively impacting the quality of the treated product. This dissertation aimed to develop and evaluate novel intervention technologies: in-package radiofrequency steaming and non-thermal gaseous technologies to improve the microbial safety of LMFIs. The dissertation can be divided into three parts. The first part of this dissertation on the thermal inactivation kinetics of Salmonella and a surrogate, Enterococcus faecium NRRL B-2354on black pepper …
Examining The Perceived Implications Of Eliminating The Stem Career Cluster In Kansas, Trevor Maiseroulle
Examining The Perceived Implications Of Eliminating The Stem Career Cluster In Kansas, Trevor Maiseroulle
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Career and technical education (CTE) has been an effort in the United States to help bring quality career preparation programs to secondary schools nationwide, with many career clusters allowing schools to teach various courses. For example, the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) career cluster provides interdisciplinary approaches and hands-on activities to help students succeed in postsecondary ventures. One of the integral subjects in STEM education is technology and engineering education (T&EE), which has been synonymous with STEM education for decades. T&EE is a discipline which has been around for over a century, nevertheless it may be confused with CTE. …
Method Development For Quantifying Micropollutants In Water At Trace Levels With Diffusive Gradients In Thin-Films Passive Samplers, Michael Bradford Howland
Method Development For Quantifying Micropollutants In Water At Trace Levels With Diffusive Gradients In Thin-Films Passive Samplers, Michael Bradford Howland
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The United States (US) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued a proposed National Primary Drinking Water Regulation in March 2023 for six per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), which included maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) of 4.0 ng•L−1 for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS). These MCLs were based on current method detection limits (MDLs) for aqueous-phase grab samples achievable at certified analytical labs throughout the US. In June 2022, the US EPA issued the interim lifetime health advisory levels for PFOA and PFOS of 0.004 ng•L−1 and 0.02 ng•L−1, respectively, which presently cannot be reliably quantified using existing PFAS methods. …
Death Like Dreaming, Junli Song
Death Like Dreaming, Junli Song
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
This written dissertation accompanies my thesis exhibition, Death Like Dreaming, which took place in Sculpture Gallery in the spring of 2023. This show was the culmination of my MFA at the University of Arkansas and centered around my most recent zhenmushou sculpture. I began making these mythical beings from my mythology in the summer of 2022. This essay will provide theoretical, historical, and personal context to the work, expanding upon my artistic journey and exploration during my degree. I will focus on my conceptual and formal decision making, areas of research, and discuss the world building and personal mythology that …
Biochar As A Lake Management Option For Harmful Algal Blooms: Lab Experiments And Bioassays, Brittany Mc Intyre
Biochar As A Lake Management Option For Harmful Algal Blooms: Lab Experiments And Bioassays, Brittany Mc Intyre
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) are an increasing global concern for water management due to their increased frequency, distribution, and toxin production. In freshwaters the growth of cyanobacteria (commonly known as blue-green algae), due to anthropogenic nutrient enrichment is the primary driver of HABS; these are often referred to as cyanoHABs. The management of cyanoHABs should be focused on in the watershed through best management and conservation practices or the physical, chemical and biomanipulation of the lake or reservoir that is experiencing these blooms. In this study, we examine the use of biochar as an option for the management or treatment …
Improving Tribological Properties Of Polydopamine/Polytetrafluoroethylene Coatings Through Incorporating Core-Shell Nanoparticles And Laser Surface Texturing, Firuze Soltani-Kordshuli
Improving Tribological Properties Of Polydopamine/Polytetrafluoroethylene Coatings Through Incorporating Core-Shell Nanoparticles And Laser Surface Texturing, Firuze Soltani-Kordshuli
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is a widely used polymer that has unique properties such as chemical and temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, low maintenance cost, and a very low coefficient of friction (COF). These distinctive properties have made PTFE a promising candidate for industrial applications where surfaces are in relative motion. PTFE can be utilized as a thin film solid lubricant to significantly reduce the friction between moving surfaces. However, PTFE coatings have low cohesion and poor adhesion to the substrate resulting in its low wear resistance. This fact limits the application of PTFE coatings in load-bearing situations. To address these limitations, an …
On The Micro-Mechanical Property Characterization And Bulk-Volume Behavior Prediction Of Additively Manufactured 17-4 Ph Stainless Steels, David González-Niño
On The Micro-Mechanical Property Characterization And Bulk-Volume Behavior Prediction Of Additively Manufactured 17-4 Ph Stainless Steels, David González-Niño
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Selective laser melting is an additive manufacturing technology that opens the possibility to manufacture components with complex geometries that are difficult with traditional manufacturing techniques which could benefit engineering applications such as aviation or structural engineering. However, the lack of a reliable universal predictive model for selective laser melting components could impede the full implementation in industrial applications. Therefore, this dissertation investigates the mechanical behavior of selective laser melting 17-4 PH stainless steel under ultra-low cycle fatigue regime and propose a novel micro-mechanical based modeling using statistical and representative volume element. The first phase of this project examined the mechanical …