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Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

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Managing Classroom Behavior Of Head Start Children Using Response Cost And Token Economy Procedures, Jennifer D. Tiano Dec 2004

Managing Classroom Behavior Of Head Start Children Using Response Cost And Token Economy Procedures, Jennifer D. Tiano

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The efficacy of three behavior management techniques used in a Head Start classroom was examined. The three techniques included: (a) techniques currently used by the teacher, (b) response cost, and (c) the Level System (token economy). The current study used an ABACA single subject withdrawal design with follow-up where all conditions were implemented until stability was reached. Classroom behavior was evaluated by both behavioral observation and teacher report. Children's behavior, teacher skill, number of time-outs, and satisfaction with behavior management techniques (i.e., teacher, parent, and child) were examined. No conclusions could be made concerning the efficacy (i.e., inappropriate behavior, class …

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Impact Of Langmuir Isotherm On Production Behavior Of Cbm Reservoirs, Efundem Ndipanquang Arrey Dec 2004

Impact Of Langmuir Isotherm On Production Behavior Of Cbm Reservoirs, Efundem Ndipanquang Arrey

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Coalbed Methane is an unconventional gas resource that consists of methane production from the coal seams. CBM reservoir performance is also influenced by the interrelationship of reservoir, geologic, and operation parameters. Coalbed methane production performance is considered complex and difficult to analyze especially at the early stages of recovery.;This study was conducted to develop type curves which predict the impact of Langmuir Isotherms on production behavior on a Coalbed Methane reservoir in order to evaluate the economic feasibility and to maximize potential recovery. In order to achieve this objective, the impact of Langmuir isotherm constant on production type curves was …

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Development Of New Protocols To Evaluate The Transverse Loading Of Mine Ventilation Stoppings, Thomas M. Barczak Dec 2004

Development Of New Protocols To Evaluate The Transverse Loading Of Mine Ventilation Stoppings, Thomas M. Barczak

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The transverse loading requirement for stoppings as specified in the current Code of Federal Regulations is 39 psf. This measure is based on physical testing of a freestanding wall in accordance with ASTM E 72 specifications, where the dominant parameter is the tensile strength of the sealant. A new protocol based on rigid arching is proposed to determine the true transverse load capacity of stoppings. Arching is achieved by the restraint of the stopping against the mine roof and floor, whereby compressive forces are developed within the wall. A laboratory procedure using the NIOSH Mine Roof Simulator (MRS) to simulate …

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Load-Based Energy Savings In Three-Phase Squirrel Cage Induction Motors, Subodh Chaudhari Dec 2004

Load-Based Energy Savings In Three-Phase Squirrel Cage Induction Motors, Subodh Chaudhari

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Energy is an extremely valuable resource which should be used carefully. After realizing this in the 1990's DOE started various energy efficiency measures in order to reduce the energy consumed by US industry. Motors use almost 50 percent of the electricity in the United States. If motor efficiency could be increased then energy consumption could be reduced. There have been efforts to increase motor efficiency over past decade which lead to development of premium efficiency motors. Designed motor efficiency is normally above 90 percent so motors do not waste energy. However, motor efficiency decreases when load factor is less than …

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Recycling Of Plastics Derived From End-Of-Life (Eol) Electronic Equipment, Xiufang Cheng Dec 2004

Recycling Of Plastics Derived From End-Of-Life (Eol) Electronic Equipment, Xiufang Cheng

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This research work focuses on a chemical process to separate mixed plastics from EOL electronic equipment.;The most prominent components of waste plastics, PC (Polycarbonate), PS (Polystyrene) and ABS (Acylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) from obsolete computers are taken to be samples in this work. Qualitative analysis was carried out to identify these samples using FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscope). Quantitative analysis was performed using Elemental Analyzer to get the calibration curves for PC/PS and PC/ABS. A number of organic solvents were investigated to dissolve the desired samples. A series of separation experiments were carried out with PC/PS, PC/ABS, and PC/PS/ABS mixtures under …

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Factors Influencing Basal Area Growth Of Yellow-Poplar ( Liriodendron Tulipifera L.) In Central West Virginia, Christopher T. Crum Dec 2004

Factors Influencing Basal Area Growth Of Yellow-Poplar ( Liriodendron Tulipifera L.) In Central West Virginia, Christopher T. Crum

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This paper uses data from continuous forest inventory (CFI) plots to evaluate basal area growth of yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.) as related to four topographic factors (aspect, slope position, steepness, and landform), two competition variables (basal area per acre and trees per acre) and four tree characteristics (age, diameter, total height, and crown diameter). These variables were plotted against basal area growth per year using simple linear regression on 69 yellow-poplar trees. The four tree characteristics all had a highly significant (p < .01) relationship with basal area growth. While the other variables did not exhibit a significant relationship, the two competition variables did have a significant (p < .05) relationship with each other.

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Visual Basic Time-Space Query Modeling For Geovisualization Of Life Paths, Ryan Heaslip Dec 2004

Visual Basic Time-Space Query Modeling For Geovisualization Of Life Paths, Ryan Heaslip

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The origins and incidence of many health problems are related to geographical circumstances. To be able understanding the underlying contributing factors requires conceptualizing the problem in geographical terms. A temporal dataset of individuals' locations was acquired from an annual census taken in Sweden. A space-time query model was constructed to explore associations between an individual's residential locations for given periods of time to those of other individuals with similar heath, or health related factors. The space-time query model was created in the Visual Basic extension of ArcGIS 8.3. Results were in the form of selections that could be exported into …

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Constraint-Based Facilities Planning, Tafazzul Ahmed Khan Dec 2004

Constraint-Based Facilities Planning, Tafazzul Ahmed Khan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In recent years a large variation of production volume for the mass-production products happens frequently due to the changes in technology and market. Those changes cause introduction of new products having shorter life cycles, thus enforcing modification and renewal of production facilities much earlier than their lifetime. A model was built to assess the impact of manufacturing parameters on the effectiveness of the layout and the material handling system. A relationship was developed between variations in production oriented parameters and its impact on the facility size and final cost of the product being manufactured exclusively in terms of machine time, …

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Design And Development Of A Target-Costing Model For Machining, Ameet Kokatnur Dec 2004

Design And Development Of A Target-Costing Model For Machining, Ameet Kokatnur

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In today's intensely competitive and highly volatile business environment, consistent development of low cost and high quality products meeting the functionality requirements is a key to a company's survival. Companies continuously strive to reduce the costs while still producing quality products to stay ahead in the competition. Many companies have turned to target costing to achieve this objective. Target costing is a structured approach to determine the cost at which a proposed product, meeting the quality and functionality requirements, must be produced in order to generate the desired profits. It subtracts the desired profit margin from the company's selling price …

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Multispectral Segmentation Of Whole-Brain Mri, Nitya Krishnan Dec 2004

Multispectral Segmentation Of Whole-Brain Mri, Nitya Krishnan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a widely used medical technology for diagnosis and detection of various tissue abnormalities, tumor detection, and in evaluation of either residual or recurrent tumors. This thesis work exploits MRI information acquired on brain tumor structure and physiological properties and uses a novel image segmentation technique to better delineate tissue differences.;MR image segmentation will be important in distinguishing between boundaries of different tissues in the brain. A segmentation software tool was developed that combines the different types of clinical MR images and presents them as a single colored image. This technique is based on the fuzzy …

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Diffractive Optical Lens Design And Fabrication For Integrated Monitoring Of Microelectromechanical Lateral Comb Resonators, William Brent Mccormick Dec 2004

Diffractive Optical Lens Design And Fabrication For Integrated Monitoring Of Microelectromechanical Lateral Comb Resonators, William Brent Mccormick

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Analysis of fault characteristics and control of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) is becoming increasingly important as these devices are incorporated into safety critical systems. Mechanically decoupled monitoring techniques are needed to ensure that accurate, low-noise positional information is gathered from these devices during operation. Optical monitoring has been shown by various groups to be capable of achieving this goal. However, Integrated Optical Monitoring (IOM) must be achieved in order to enable incorporation with the MEMS die in a single package for effective lifetime system monitoring. This research addresses the design, fabrication and testing of diffractive optical elements (DOES) for achieving IOM. …

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Geotechnical Investigation Of Montrose Wetland Site, Christopher R. Ryan Dec 2004

Geotechnical Investigation Of Montrose Wetland Site, Christopher R. Ryan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this investigation is to obtain the geotechnical characteristics of the site and to aid in the creation of a proposed engineered wetland at Montrose, West Virginia. The tests performed in the laboratory to obtain the soil properties were: water content, Atterberg limits (liquid and plastic limits), grain size (sieve analysis and hydrometer), specific gravity, field density, and hydraulic conductivity. Tests were performed on soil samples taken from the site during installation of monitoring wells. Results from tests were used in the classification of soil. Additional samples were reconstructed to determine the permeability of the soil. These tests …

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Social Responsibility In Major Newspapers Coverage Of "9/11 Lapses" Controversy, Hai Long Tran Dec 2004

Social Responsibility In Major Newspapers Coverage Of "9/11 Lapses" Controversy, Hai Long Tran

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study measures major newspapers' performance in covering the "September 11 lapses" controversy against social responsibility principles. Content analysis of 535 newspaper items, published by the New York Times, Washington Post, San Francisco Chronicle, USA Today in one year (Sept. 12, 2001--Sept. 11, 2002), found the papers did not live up to journalistic precepts traditionally listed as required for the press in a democratic society. They were successful in providing a source of comprehensive and balanced information, a forum for exchange of comment and criticism on the government's losses and failures. However, major newspapers failed to aggressively pursue independent investigative …

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Real-Time Video Compression Using Dvq And Suffix Trees, Pavan Kumar Vedantam Dec 2004

Real-Time Video Compression Using Dvq And Suffix Trees, Pavan Kumar Vedantam

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Video processing is a wide and varied subject area. Video compression is an important but difficult problem in video processing. Several methods and standards exist which address this problem with varying degrees of success depending on the performance measures adopted. The present research work focuses on the real-time aspect of video processing.;In particular we propose a real-time video compression algorithm based on the concept of differential vector quantization and the suffix tree. Differential vector quantization is a relatively new area that focuses on efficient compression of data. The present work integrates the compression provided by Differential vector Quantization and the …

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Contextual Biometric Watermarking Of Fingerprint Images, Nikhil C. Tungala Dec 2004

Contextual Biometric Watermarking Of Fingerprint Images, Nikhil C. Tungala

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This research presents contextual digital watermarking techniques using face and demographic text data as multiple watermarks for protecting the evidentiary integrity of fingerprint image. The proposed techniques embed the watermarks into selected regions of fingerprint image in MDCT and DWT domains. A general image watermarking algorithm is developed to investigate the application of MDCT in the elimination of blocking artifacts. The application of MDCT has improved the performance of the watermarking technique compared to DCT. Experimental results show that modifications to fingerprint image are visually imperceptible and maintain the minutiae detail. The integrity of the fingerprint image is verified through …

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Potential Mechanisms Linking Nutrition And Neuroendocrine Control Of Reproduction In The Sheep, Adam Bradley Dobbins Dec 2004

Potential Mechanisms Linking Nutrition And Neuroendocrine Control Of Reproduction In The Sheep, Adam Bradley Dobbins

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Nutrition and reproduction are linked in that the nutritional status of an individual influences its reproductive performance, i.e. an individual in negative energy balance will have decreased ability to reproduce. The mechanisms in which nutrition influences reproduction are not understood. My data suggest that reductions in lutenizing hormone secretion resulting from photoperiod-induced increases in sensitivity to testosterone negative feedback may be mediated, at least in part, by elevated neuropeptide Y (NPY), a hypothalamic neuropeptide shown to alter gonadotropin releasing hormone release and potently affect food intake. The results from my second study support our hypothesis that the growth hormone mediated …

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Experimental Validation Of The "Target Hood Static Pressure" Balancing Method For Exhaust Ventilation Systems, Michael Winifred Dodrill Dec 2004

Experimental Validation Of The "Target Hood Static Pressure" Balancing Method For Exhaust Ventilation Systems, Michael Winifred Dodrill

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

An experimental trial of a new method to balance industrial exhaust ventilation systems was performed. Although balance by design is considered preferable, many ventilation systems incorporate dampers to balance the system to a different airflow distribution after installation. The "target hood static pressure" method aims to minimize the time, effort, frustration and confusion invested in the balancing effort. It requires only one and one-half adjustment rounds, can be prepared as a computerized spreadsheet, and substitutes hood static pressure readings for airflow traverse readings. The method also minimizes the system static pressure to the least possible, thereby keeping friction losses at …

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Comparison Of Chestnut Canker Treatment Procedures For Hypovirus Introduction, Brian C. Bell Dec 2004

Comparison Of Chestnut Canker Treatment Procedures For Hypovirus Introduction, Brian C. Bell

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Historically, hypovirulent strains of Cryphonectria parasitica have been introduced into cankers principally by inoculating wounds made to the margin of cankers. Twelve hypovirus introduction methods were tested. Seventy-two trees were inoculated in June 2002 with an orange-pigmented virulent strain of C. parasitica (two inoculations per tree). After 11 weeks, the resulting cankers were treated with a brown-pigmented hypovirulent C. parasitica isolate using one of the following methods: (1) a non-invasive treatment where the inoculum was painted onto the canker surface; (2) an invasive treatment where the canker face was wounded with a sharp blade prior to the painting application of …

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Effectiveness Of Treatment And Diversity Of Microbial Populations Within A Constructed Wetland Treating Wastewater, Jolene M. Friedland Dec 2004

Effectiveness Of Treatment And Diversity Of Microbial Populations Within A Constructed Wetland Treating Wastewater, Jolene M. Friedland

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Constructed wetlands are used as alternative on-site wastewater treatment systems. Microbiological dynamics in constructed wetlands are essential to adequate functioning and efficiency of these systems. The efficacy of wastewater treatment by a large subsurface flow wetland receiving wastewater from a multi-user facility was examined. Real-time monitoring with telemetry was combined with measurement of standard wastewater parameters such as biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), total suspended solids (TSS), and enumeration of fecal coliforms. Passage of wastewater through the wetland significantly reduced standard wastewater parameters in effluent samples. Heterotrophic bacterial diversity was examined using community level physiological profiling (CLPP) and molecular characterization of …

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Geomorphic Analysis Of Stream Crossings In A Portion Of The Upper Cheat River Basin, Joshua A. White Dec 2004

Geomorphic Analysis Of Stream Crossings In A Portion Of The Upper Cheat River Basin, Joshua A. White

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

An inventory and analysis of culverts as vertebrate migration barriers has been completed in a relatively pristine portion of the Upper Cheat River basin, Randolph and Tucker counties, West Virginia. Investigators in four different disciplines contributed to the project, including the geomorphological research represented by this thesis. This project had an underlying purpose to assess the potential for stream mitigation credits through a possible future stream mitigation banking program.;Several conditions appear correlated with problem culvert sites. Calvin high base substratum-Belmont-Meckesville soil association is associated with the greatest amounts of instability and aggradation at culvert sites. Three-quarters of the study area …

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Reasons For Overwinter Declines In Age-1+ Brook Trout Populations (Salvelinus Fontinalis) In Appalachian Headwater Streams, Jeremy J. Webster Dec 2004

Reasons For Overwinter Declines In Age-1+ Brook Trout Populations (Salvelinus Fontinalis) In Appalachian Headwater Streams, Jeremy J. Webster

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in the Appalachian Mountains are an important game species in West Virginia, yet angling mortality on these populations in headwater streams is poorly understood. The objectives of this study were to: (1) examine relative changes in body composition of brook trout as they fluctuate throughout the year, and to identify critical periods of survival to determine if brook trout reach critical levels of resource depletion over winter, and (2) evaluate whether angler harvest affects brook trout populations in spring in headwater streams. Body composition estimates indicated that brook trout are unlikely to reach critical levels of …

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Biometric Analysis And Aversive Conditioning Of Black Bears In Southern West Virginia, Harley Wayne Weaver Dec 2004

Biometric Analysis And Aversive Conditioning Of Black Bears In Southern West Virginia, Harley Wayne Weaver

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

During 2003, 11 male and 1 female black bear (Ursus americanus) were captured and fitted with radio collars. Individuals were randomly assigned to receive either treatment (n = 6) or control (n = 6). Upon release, treatment individuals received a conditional regimen comprised of rubber buckshot to the flank and a succession of shell crackers. Physical and auditory conditioning techniques we used did not appear to be an effective means of reducing repeat nuisance behavior.;West Virginia Division of Natural Resources (WVDNR) captured 179 (151 males, 28 females) nuisance and 156 (77 males, 79 females) non-nuisance individuals from 1996 to 2003.;We …

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Resonant Optical Waveguide Biosensor Characterization, Shantanu Pathak Dec 2004

Resonant Optical Waveguide Biosensor Characterization, Shantanu Pathak

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The importance of miniaturized sensors for quick and accurate assessments of a broad spectrum of hazardous biological agents has been highlighted by recent high profile events. Integrated optical devices based on evanescent wave interrogation techniques can register minute refractive index changes enabling detection of bioagents on the sensor surface and providing a potential for compact structure combined with a possibility of detecting several analytes simultaneously by fabricating multiple devices on the same chip. Most commonly integrated optical interrogation techniques suffer from issues of optical alignment and fabrication complexities. In addition the materials used to fabricate integrated optical devices experience drifts …

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Shrinkage And Strength Characterizations Of Concrete Containing Supplementary Cementing Materials, Aniruddha Chatterjee Dec 2004

Shrinkage And Strength Characterizations Of Concrete Containing Supplementary Cementing Materials, Aniruddha Chatterjee

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Considerable differences in drying shrinkage strains and compressive strengths are observed in HPC containing supplementary cementing materials from normal concrete (without any supplementary cementing material). The differences in these properties due to addition of supplementary cementing materials occur because of different quantity of C-S-H gel formation. This limits the application to HPC of standard prediction equation for shrinkage and strength of normal concrete.;Therefore in this study a novel technique has been used to estimate the C-S-H gel for cement pastes containing supplementary cementing materials in varying replacement proportions and combinations. New shrinkage and compressive strength models have been developed using …

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Hematotoxicity Of Heptachlor, Sarah Vanessa Meads Dodson Dec 2004

Hematotoxicity Of Heptachlor, Sarah Vanessa Meads Dodson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Hematotoxicity has been documented in adults exposed to high levels of organochlorine pesticides. Our studies revealed that prenatal exposure to the organochlorine pesticide heptachlor resulted in alteration of lymphocyte development, while myeloid cell development was spared. To further investigate effects of heptachlor on lymphoid cells, we evaluated direct exposure of this compound on pro-B and pre-B cells. In these studies, the pro-B cell line C1.92 and the pre-B cell line 70Z/3 demonstrated concentration-dependent decreases in proliferation following heptachlor exposure. Pro-B cell viability decreased significantly; however, pre-B cell viability was not altered. Further investigation into mechanisms of diminished cell proliferation revealed …

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Caregiver Factors Related To Unintentional Burn Injuries In Young Children, Karen E. Joseph Dec 2004

Caregiver Factors Related To Unintentional Burn Injuries In Young Children, Karen E. Joseph

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The main purpose of this study was to examine the contribution of caregiver behavioral versus demographic factors to the prediction of a child burn injury and caregiver safety behavior using a sample of primary caregivers of children (aged 0--5 years) with a burn injury (case participants) or without one (comparison participants). Case participants (n = 30) were recruited from a burn center in the Northeastern United States, whereas comparison participants (n = 30) were recruited from pediatric facilities, balanced to cases by child age, gender, race, and geography, and caregiver socioeconomic and marital status. Measures of demographic and burn information, …

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System Identification And Control Of The Standpipe In A Cold Flow Circulating Fluidized Bed, Juchirl Park Dec 2004

System Identification And Control Of The Standpipe In A Cold Flow Circulating Fluidized Bed, Juchirl Park

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Circulating fluidized beds (CFB) have been widely applied to many areas of industry such as chemical processing, petroleum refining, catalytic cracker processing, power generation, and waste treatment.;Recently, a mathematical model of the CFCFB standpipe was successfully developed and tested using an extended Kalman filter (EKF) and an Hinfinity estimator algorithm. Using this standpipe mathematical model requires a solids circulation rate (SCR) to be a measurable variable offered from a spiral installed in the standpipe of the CFCFB. In this research, a linear state space system model is developed in order to estimate the solids circulation rate, using a least squares …

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Structure And Dynamics Of Interfaces In The Epitaxial Growth And Erosion On (110) And (100) Crystal Surfaces, Artem Levandovsky Dec 2004

Structure And Dynamics Of Interfaces In The Epitaxial Growth And Erosion On (110) And (100) Crystal Surfaces, Artem Levandovsky

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

We present unified theory of the far-from-equilibrium interfacial phenomena occurring in the multilayer homoepitaxial growth and erosion on (110) and (100) crystal surfaces. Within a unified model, here we elucidate the multitude of novel states on (110) and (100) surfaces as well as the transitions between them. In particular, by analytic arguments and numerical simulations, we address experimentally observed transitions between two types of rippled states on (110) surfaces. We discuss several intermediary interface states intervening, via consecutive transitions, between the two rippled states. One of the intermediary interface states, the Rhomboidal Pyramid State, was theoretically anticipated by us and …

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What Is The Impact Of Parental Support On Early Literacy?, Deborah K. Bush Dec 2004

What Is The Impact Of Parental Support On Early Literacy?, Deborah K. Bush

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Today, more than 75 percent of women ages 25--34 and 75 percent of women with a child under six years of age participate in the labor force. When both parents work outside the home, they often want to send their child to preschool, but preschool classes aren't always available, and often those that are available are the government programs that are open only to those of lower socio-economic status.;In addition, parents often want to support the emergent literacy of their children and help prepare them for kindergarten but aren't sure of how to provide the type of assistance that might …

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Use Of Commercial Cfd Software For Assessing The Performance Of Personal Aerosol Samplers, Aaron J. Bird Dec 2004

Use Of Commercial Cfd Software For Assessing The Performance Of Personal Aerosol Samplers, Aaron J. Bird

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Accurate performance of personal aerosol samplers is critical for industrial hygienists' successful efforts to protect workers. Performance assessments of personal samplers are necessarily conducted in controlled environments so unknown sources of variability will not influence the results. This is done in order that samplers may be used with confidence for monitoring workplace air quality. These performance evaluations are usually conducted in wind tunnels. However, recent advances in high-performance cluster computing---together with advanced flow modeling software---have made it possible to evaluate sampler performance with computer simulations. This was done in the current research. Simulations were conducted for air and particle behavior …

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