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Plant Litter Decomposition In Mitigated And Reference Wetlands, Richard Tristan Gingerich
Plant Litter Decomposition In Mitigated And Reference Wetlands, Richard Tristan Gingerich
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Decomposition of plant litter in wetlands influences many processes and is driven by a complex web of interacting forces. This makes litter decomposition a useful measure of wetland function and a possible means of judging wetland functional replacement in compensatory mitigation projects. However, the web of interacting forces that intricately connect decomposition to wetland function also make it difficult to identify the importance of individual variables. In order for decomposition to be used as a metric to judge wetland function, its driving forces must be better understood.;This study examined some of the variables that drive decomposition. Specifically, decomposition rates were …
The Effects Of Riparian Tree Harvest Intensity And Woody Debris Addition On Biotic And Abiotic Stream Characteristics, Jered Michael Studinski
The Effects Of Riparian Tree Harvest Intensity And Woody Debris Addition On Biotic And Abiotic Stream Characteristics, Jered Michael Studinski
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Forested headwater streams rely on riparian zones for many critical products and services. Riparian areas shade streams, stabilize stream banks, filter sediment, and provide allochthonous materials like leaves, large woody debris (LWD), and terrestrial invertebrates (TI's). Logging can affect the products and services of riparian zones. Best management practices (BMP's) have been developed to minimize the impacts of riparian timber harvest on streams. The main component of these guidelines is the establishment of a road-free riparian buffer called a streamside management zone (SMZ). The West Virginia Division of Forestry's BMP's require a SMZ that is at least 30 m wide …
Phase Transition Problems Of Conservation Laws, Chunguang Chen
Phase Transition Problems Of Conservation Laws, Chunguang Chen
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
In this thesis we study phase transition problems of conservation laws. Phase transition problems arise from various applications such as gas dynamics, mechanics and material science. Conservation laws involving phase change is an attractive field in applied mathematics. Solutions to phase transition problems are complicated for the presence of boundaries between different phases. In addition to entropy condition, criteria such as kinetic relation [1, 3] and nucleation criterion are introduced to determine the configurations of solutions.;In Chapter 1, we construct two numerical procedures to solve the Riemann problems for a system of conservation laws with phase change. We first find …
The Cold War And Decolonization In British Guiana: The Anglo-American Intervention And Guianese Nationalist Politics, Joshua David Esposito
The Cold War And Decolonization In British Guiana: The Anglo-American Intervention And Guianese Nationalist Politics, Joshua David Esposito
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This thesis examines the end of colonial rule in British Guiana and what it tells us about the relationship between decolonization and the Cold War. It explores how the end of a four hundred year period of European nation-state domination of the world led to a complex shift in global power structures and considerable conflict. From 1953 to 1966 nationalist leaders in British Guiana struggled to achieve independence from Great Britain and fought to establish their position in the future government of Guyana. Colonialism, however, left a unique imprint on British Guiana's cultural development, and created a volatile society that …
Students' Perceptions Of Classroom Justice And Their Use Of Politeness Strategies, Charles K. Rudick
Students' Perceptions Of Classroom Justice And Their Use Of Politeness Strategies, Charles K. Rudick
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purpose of this study was to investigate how students' use of politeness strategies differed based on their perceptions of distributive, procedural, and interactional justice when they engaged in a face threatening act (FTA) with their instructors. Participants included 76 undergraduate students enrolled in undergraduate communication courses at a large mid-Atlantic university during the summer. Results revealed that students engage in all types of politeness strategies when speaking with their instructor, with students reporting the bald-on-record strategy the most frequently. However, students' use of politeness strategies did not significantly differ based on their perceptions of distributive, procedural, and interactional justice. …
Critical Buckling Strength Prediction Of Pultruded Gfrp Composite Columns, Mathew Marvin Blandford
Critical Buckling Strength Prediction Of Pultruded Gfrp Composite Columns, Mathew Marvin Blandford
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Fiber-reinforced polymeric (FRP) composites offer a unique addition to common construction materials utilized in Civil Engineering. However, unlike traditional construction materials (steel, timber, concrete, etc) FRP composites lack adequate design standards and or criteria. The need for appropriate design guidelines is subsequently required in order to ease the progression of the use FRP composites in construction. The present research investigates several previously proposed prediction models' ability to calculate failure of GFRP composite columns of varied length and cross section. Material properties were developed through testing specimens of the coupon and 1ft "pure" compression (component) levels. Furthermore, a strain-energy density failure …
Evaluation Of Ultrafine Spiral Concentrators For Coal Cleaning, Meng Yang
Evaluation Of Ultrafine Spiral Concentrators For Coal Cleaning, Meng Yang
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Although froth flotation methods are the major processes being used in treating ultrafine coal in coal preparation plant, the processes might require large quantities of frother and collectors. The usage of reagents not only might increase the operating costs, but also cause environment concerns. 4+3 short turns two-staged spiral concentrator has been developed, applied in ultrafine coal cleaning circuit, and operated at a lower flowrate than that of spiral used in fine coal cleaning circuit. Ultrafine spiral concentrator is a specific gravity-based separator. It might be gradually accepted in ultrafine coal cleaning circuit as an alternative to froth flotation methods …
Validation Of Top-Down, Intelligent Reservoir Modeling Using Numerical Reservoir Simulation, Yorgi Gomez
Validation Of Top-Down, Intelligent Reservoir Modeling Using Numerical Reservoir Simulation, Yorgi Gomez
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The technique, that is named Top-Down Intelligent Reservoir Modeling, (not to be confused with BP's TDRM history matching technique), integrates traditional reservoir engineering analysis with Artificial Intelligence & Data Mining (AI&DM) technology to generate a full field model. The distinguishing feature of this novel technique is its incredibly low data requirement in order to perform analysis which leads to savings of time and research resources to obtain accurate predictions. It only requires field production rate and some well log data as porosity, thickness, and initial water saturation to start the analysis and provide complete development strategies of the field. Although …
Determination Of Equilibrium Binding Constants For Lps Interaction With Tlr4, Santhoshi P. Dixit
Determination Of Equilibrium Binding Constants For Lps Interaction With Tlr4, Santhoshi P. Dixit
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the best characterized Pathogen Recognition Receptors (PRRs) and are directly responsible for initiating an appropriate defense against bacterial and viral infection. Among all the TLRs known, only TLR4 is able to activate both MyD88-dependent induction of genes encoding inflammatory molecules and TRIF-dependent production of type I interferon. Therefore, in this study we report the binding of TLR4 by Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) which is the component on the cell-wall of gram-negative bacteria. Binding of LPS is a prerequisite for the activation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) by LPS which increases the expression of critical proinflammatory cytokines that organize …
Preventing Solidification Defects In Large Superalloy Castings Used In Advanced Electric Power Systems, Jairo Antonio Valdes Ortiz
Preventing Solidification Defects In Large Superalloy Castings Used In Advanced Electric Power Systems, Jairo Antonio Valdes Ortiz
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The need for clean and affordable power has resulted in great demand for high-efficiency gas turbine power systems. To improve energy generation efficiency, and lower CO2 emissions, the new generation of land based gas turbines needs to be larger and operated at a higher temperature. Consequently, it is required the use of Nb-containing superalloys such as Inconel 718 for the rotor disk, to avoid overaging of the microstructure during the forging process, but its applicability is being limited by difficulties in the reliable production of large Vacuum Arc Remelting (VAR) ingots (33 to ∼35 in. diameter) without macrosegregation defects such …
Playback Surveys And Breeding Habitat Characteristics Of Golden-Winged Warblers (Vermivora Chrysoptera) On High-Elevation Pasturelands On The Monongahela National Forest, West Virginia, Kyle Ray Aldinger
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Across the breeding range of the Golden-winged Warbler (Vermivora chrysoptera), significant population declines have been documented even before the implementation of the North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) and continue as such today. The plight of this species has been blamed on the loss and degradation of early successional habitat, interactions with the closely related Blue-winged Warbler (Vermivora pinus), and Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater) brood parasitism. Most breeding Golden-winged Warblers are found in the upper Midwest and Great Lakes regions of the United States, but there are considerable populations persisting at higher elevations (>600 m) in the central Appalachian …
Surface Coating Of Condenser Tubing And Co2 Sparging For Preventing Fouling And Water Use Reduction, Jinyan Sun
Surface Coating Of Condenser Tubing And Co2 Sparging For Preventing Fouling And Water Use Reduction, Jinyan Sun
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Fouling reduces heat transfer efficiency and increases the amount of water use, which result in lower energy production and increased fuel consumption in thermoelectric power plants. The current study was to investigate the effects of coating and CO2 sparging on fouling prevention and cooling water use reduction. Bench-scale experiments were conducted to simulate the cooling system in power plants and to evaluate fouling rates on treated and untreated condenser tubes. Four bench-scale experiments (two without CO2 sparging and two with CO2 sparging) were performed. In each of those experiments, water from the Monongahela River (Morgantown, West Virginia) was used as …
Performance And Economics Of Methane Hydrate Reservoirs, Lavanya Nyayapathi
Performance And Economics Of Methane Hydrate Reservoirs, Lavanya Nyayapathi
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
In order to address the world's growing energy demand, the necessity to explore more and more unconventional sources of energy arises. Recently there has been increased interest in the potential of natural gas hydrates as an alternate energy resource. Hydrates are distributed worldwide and have a high energy density in that 1 m3 of methane hydrates can release as much as 164 m3 of gas.;Hydrates were studied as a laboratory curiosity until and then naturally occurring hydrates were discovered in 1934 clogging gas and oil pipelines. The first naturally occurring hydrate deposits were suggested in 1965 by Makogon in Russia. …
Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine Oil Aging Effects On Emissions, Mrinmoy Dam
Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine Oil Aging Effects On Emissions, Mrinmoy Dam
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Diesel engines are highly reliable, durable and are used for wide range of applications with low fuel usage owing to its higher thermal efficiency compared to other mobile power sources. Heavy-duty diesel engines are used for both on-road and off-road applications and dominate the heavy-duty engine segment of the United States transportation market. However, diesel engine exhaust emissions affect the ambient air quality by producing higher levels of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) compared to other mobile sources. New diesel engines produce significantly lower levels of PM and NOx emissions to comply with 2010 EPA emission limits …
Nondestructive Evaluation Of Thermal Barrier Coating Systems Using Ultrasonic Techniques, Binwei Zhang
Nondestructive Evaluation Of Thermal Barrier Coating Systems Using Ultrasonic Techniques, Binwei Zhang
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Nondestructive evaluation (NDE) as a diagnostic tool has been extensively used to inspect the integrity of structure members. In the energy sector, the pre-mature failure of the protective Thermal Barrier Coating (TBC) covering the turbine blade can cause the structural metal base of the blade to be exposed at extremely high temperature fluids, thus reduce the service life. It is highly necessary that an NDE technique be developed for effective inspection of the thermal barrier coated turbine blade.;The ultrasonic Pulse-Echo and Pitch/Catch techniques were used to test the TBC coupons nondestructively after each thermal exposure. The Pulse-Echo traveling time and …
Effects Of Level Of Concentrate Supplementation On Milk Production And Ruminal Ph In Lactating Cows On Pasture, Gatha R. Clevenger
Effects Of Level Of Concentrate Supplementation On Milk Production And Ruminal Ph In Lactating Cows On Pasture, Gatha R. Clevenger
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The effects of concentrate supplementation on milk production and ruminal fermentation was evaluated in six ruminally cannulated lactating Holstein dairy cows in a Latin rectangle design. Cows were fed 4 (C4), 8 (C8), and 12 (C12) kg DM/d of a concentrate supplement. Increasing amounts of concentrate supplement decreased pasture intake, but increased overall dry matter intake (DMI) and increased milk production without changing milk composition. Daily mean and minimum ruminal pH was similar for all treatments. Increasing supplementation increased time spent below pH 5.8, and resulted in a reduction in the in situ degradability of DM and NDF at 24 …
Veterinary Anatomy Laboratory Impact Study, Bess Catherine Hammill
Veterinary Anatomy Laboratory Impact Study, Bess Catherine Hammill
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study examines the scholastic impact and opinion of learning in the anatomy laboratory as it relates to the lecture. The teaching of Animal Anatomy in the Animal Science department has traditionally been taught via classroom lecture and supported with a textbook. This study compares one scholastic semester without a laboratory and another scholastic semester offering a laboratory in partnership with the traditional lecture. The students without a laboratory were examined by means of their final grades in comparison with the laboratory and lecture combination. In order to acquire perspectives on the impact the laboratory had on student learning a …
Effects Of The Emphasis On Achieving Adequate Yearly Progress On Teachers And Administrators At Schools Under The Constraints Of No Child Left Behind, Cathy Ann Burnett Fisher
Effects Of The Emphasis On Achieving Adequate Yearly Progress On Teachers And Administrators At Schools Under The Constraints Of No Child Left Behind, Cathy Ann Burnett Fisher
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purpose of this research was to study the effects of the emphasis on achieving Adequate Yearly Progress at elementary schools under the regulations of the No Child Left Behind legislation. Qualitative data were gathered through interviews with fifty educators: forty-three teachers and seven administrators. All of the educators worked at six schools that had not achieved Adequate Yearly Progress for one or more years. All of the schools had consultants working with the faculty on the implementation of various new teaching strategies and new mandated curricular programs. Some of the findings included the following: (1) All of the teachers …
Sex Differences In The Myocardial Response To Prenatal And Behavioral Stress, Heather Rose Mullenax
Sex Differences In The Myocardial Response To Prenatal And Behavioral Stress, Heather Rose Mullenax
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Prenatal stress (PS) has been shown to exert profound effects on many organs in a variety of species. There is considerable evidence for sex-specific effects of prenatal stress. Our laboratory is the first to report effects of prenatal stress on myocardial function in male rats. The purpose of this study was to confirm our previous evidence of differences in myocardial function among prenatally stressed male and female rats and to explore possible mechanisms responsible for this difference. In this study, male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to prenatal stress (mother was stressed on day 14--21 of gestation) followed by …
Language Learning In Three Early Childhood Programs In Austria, Germany And The United States, Sandra Schoder
Language Learning In Three Early Childhood Programs In Austria, Germany And The United States, Sandra Schoder
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
In 2002 the European Union declared multilingualism and life-long language learning to be two goals that it will pursue for its citizens. As a result, member states have introduced language learning at the elementary school level, and have shown an ever increasing interest in implementing second language programs designed specifically for children under the age of seven. This is a welcome change for European educators who are already working in early childhood language programs or who plan to establish new programs and have been looking for support for their endeavors. Yet despite recent progress, scholarly research into this arena remains …
The Stability Of The Wala Ridge As A Landmark For Determining Dental Arch Form, Kolin E. Weaver
The Stability Of The Wala Ridge As A Landmark For Determining Dental Arch Form, Kolin E. Weaver
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Objectives. To evaluate changes to the WALA Ridge when subjected to orthodontic treatment using customized WALA Ridge archwires and preformed archwires, and ascertain trends within the United States amongst practicing orthodontists regarding arch form selection. Methods. 10 control subjects, 20 customized archwire subjects, and 20 preformed archwire subjects were compared using pre and post treatment mandibular casts for the experimental groups and two timepoint mandibular casts with two years between collection for the control group. Dental and Dentoalveolar changes were then measured from T1 to T2 for each of the groups. Furthermore, an electronic survey was distributed to all active …
The Effect Of Aging And Resveratrol Supplementation On Bone Mass And Strength In Hindlimb Suspended Male Rats, Stephanie Wright
The Effect Of Aging And Resveratrol Supplementation On Bone Mass And Strength In Hindlimb Suspended Male Rats, Stephanie Wright
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Resveratrol has recently become a popular dietary supplement because of its potential for reducing the effects of aging and various age-related diseases. However, few studies have investigated the role of resveratrol in improving bone loss associated with aging. It has been widely reported that mechanical unloading increases bone loss. The elderly experience a prevalence of reduced mechanical loading due to declining activity levels and increased incidence of bed rest. In rats, hind-limb suspension (HLS) simulates mechanical unloading of bone. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the effects of aging and resveratrol supplementation on bone health in HLS …
Alterations In T Cell Function And Activation During Exposure To The Herbicide 3,4 Dichloropropionanilide (Dcpa) And Its Metabolites, Tricia L. Lewis
Alterations In T Cell Function And Activation During Exposure To The Herbicide 3,4 Dichloropropionanilide (Dcpa) And Its Metabolites, Tricia L. Lewis
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Approximately 5.3 billion pounds of pesticides are applied annually across the United States and 15 of the top 25 most used pesticides are herbicides. Total herbicide use the in the United States represents 28% of all worldwide herbicide use. DCPA (3,4 dichloropropionanilide, common name propanil) is a post emergent herbicide that is used extensively for control against several broadleaf plants and grasses. It is the 17th most common herbicide in the United States and 6--9 million pounds are applied annually to 2 million acres of rice fields. In mammals, DCPA is metabolized in the liver and produces 3,4-dichloroaniline (DCA) and …
The Application Of The Vulnerable Populations Conceptual Framework To Determine Factors Predictive Of Overweight And Obesity In Appalachian Children And Adolescents, Melanie M. Whelan
The Application Of The Vulnerable Populations Conceptual Framework To Determine Factors Predictive Of Overweight And Obesity In Appalachian Children And Adolescents, Melanie M. Whelan
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Statement of problem. Appalachian children and adolescents are considered a vulnerable population with a high prevalence of obesity. This study was the first study to apply a vulnerable populations conceptual framework to examine factors associated with overweight and obesity in Appalachian children and adolescents. The purpose of this study was to describe the extent to which resource availability (family income, insurance, family characteristics, parents' education, and transportation) and risk factors (utilization of health care/preventive care, family medical history, and participant medical history) impact overweight and obesity in a vulnerable population. The study also described the frequency of overweight and obesity …
The Great American Debate: A Constructionist Approach On The Media's Coverage Of Government Bailouts, Meghan Danielle Hvizdos
The Great American Debate: A Constructionist Approach On The Media's Coverage Of Government Bailouts, Meghan Danielle Hvizdos
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Historically, the term "bailout" has been used to define the rescuing of an organization in financial distress. A rescue implies that a bailout is voluntary. However, by all accounts, the bailouts in the past nine months have not been voluntary. Media outlets are using the words 'bailout' and 'rescue' interchangeably. Through claims-making and by using the words rescue and bailout interchangeably, the media has socially constructed the word rescue as synonymous with the word bailout and has implied that the bailouts were voluntary and necessary to avert economic disaster and have constructed a social problem. This paper will examine the …
The Natural And Social Production Of A Lake Shore Environment: The Case Of Erie And Presque Isle, Pennsylvania, Christopher R. Schaney
The Natural And Social Production Of A Lake Shore Environment: The Case Of Erie And Presque Isle, Pennsylvania, Christopher R. Schaney
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The objective of this research has been to combine geographic traditions of physical and human geography to investigate the role each play in the conceptualization of place utilizing the City of Erie and Presque Isle as a case study. From its inception, the economic structure associated with the City of Erie has been primarily centered on the presence of Presque Isle. Early industry focused on shipbuilding, shipping related to heavy industry. By 1907, the shipping industry at Erie was third largest on the Great Lakes, behind only Buffalo and Chicago. When the shipping industry began to wane in the mid …
Cytochrome P450 1a-Ligand Interactions: Implications For Substrate Specificity And Inhibitor Susceptibility, Qingbiao Huang
Cytochrome P450 1a-Ligand Interactions: Implications For Substrate Specificity And Inhibitor Susceptibility, Qingbiao Huang
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Cytochromes P450 are heme-containing enzymes that are involved in the metabolism of a variety of clinically important drugs, endogenous and exogenous compounds, including a number of procarcinogens. P450 1A subfamily has two members: 1A1 and 1A2. P450 1A1 and 1A2 show high sequence identity (>70%), but display different substrate specificity and inhibitor susceptibility. P450 1A2 is one of the major hepatic P450s, which metabolizes more than 11% of drugs currently on the market. Thus, we focused our attention on studies of this particular P450.;The five key active site residues that are different between P450 1A1 and 1A2 have been …
School Improvement From The Central Office: A View Of The Five Year School System Strategic Planning Process In Selected West Virginia Counties, Victor V. Fisher
School Improvement From The Central Office: A View Of The Five Year School System Strategic Planning Process In Selected West Virginia Counties, Victor V. Fisher
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study's purpose was to describe and develop understandings of the West Virginia Five Year School System Strategic Plan development process in selected counties. A qualitative design of a multiple site case study was chosen because of its ability to interpret and understand process. Strategic planning is intended to be a state mandated process for school districts that results in improved student, school, and school system performance. These four nominated districts used a common style and process of consensus building and decision-making. Facilitators and barriers to the process were identified. Facilitators are described in a context of teaming and consensual …
Learned Resourcefulness In Working Women Who Are Poor And Uninsured, Denise Demaria Lucas
Learned Resourcefulness In Working Women Who Are Poor And Uninsured, Denise Demaria Lucas
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Statement of problem. Women with limited resources lack basic health coverage. More women than men are poor. The majority of working women remain in low wage, insecure jobs with little prestige and stability, and no benefits. Low wage earners are at the greatest risk for being uninsured. Being the working poor and without medical insurance is a barrier to health care. The purpose of this descriptive, correlational study was to describe the interrelationships between learned resourcefulness (LR), health status, and well-being (WB) in working women who are poor and uninsured.;Procedure. A convenience sample of 132 working women who were at …
History, Philosophy, And Sociology Of Sport Recommendations For Physical Education Teacher Education, Amanda A. Metcalf
History, Philosophy, And Sociology Of Sport Recommendations For Physical Education Teacher Education, Amanda A. Metcalf
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purpose of this study was to determine the essential history, philosophy, and sociology of sport competencies to be used to inform the physical education teacher education undergraduate curriculum. A two-round modified Delphi procedure involved the repeated circulation of a questionnaire to a panel of content experts. The study sample included specialists in history of sport, philosophy of sport, and sociology of sport, experts in the field of physical education teacher education, and school-based physical education practitioners. The Delphi panel members rated each questionnaire item in terms of its theoretical importance and pedagogical relevance using a five-point Likert scale. The …