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Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

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Designing A Scalable Dynamic Load -Balancing Algorithm For Pipelined Single Program Multiple Data Applications On A Non-Dedicated Heterogeneous Network Of Workstations, Ashraf Osman Dec 2003

Designing A Scalable Dynamic Load -Balancing Algorithm For Pipelined Single Program Multiple Data Applications On A Non-Dedicated Heterogeneous Network Of Workstations, Ashraf Osman

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Dynamic load balancing strategies have been shown to be the most critical part of an efficient implementation of various applications on large distributed computing systems. The need for dynamic load balancing strategies increases when the underlying hardware is a non-dedicated heterogeneous network of workstations (HNOW). This research focuses on the single program multiple data (SPMD) programming model as it has been extensively used in parallel programming for its simplicity and scalability in terms of computational power and memory size.;This dissertation formally defines and addresses the problem of designing a scalable dynamic load-balancing algorithm for pipelined SPMD applications on non-dedicated HNOW. …


Censusing And Modeling The Dynamics Of A Population Of Eastern Hemlock (Tsuga Canadensis L.) Using Remote Sensing, W. Robert Lamar Dec 2003

Censusing And Modeling The Dynamics Of A Population Of Eastern Hemlock (Tsuga Canadensis L.) Using Remote Sensing, W. Robert Lamar

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

A population of eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis L.) was censused from the ground using traditional field methods and from the air using large scale, high-resolution, aerial imagery in the early spring of 1997, 1998 and 1999. A manual crown survey map of the population, prepared from aerial imagery, was compared to a traditional field census. Over 60% of the individuals measured on the ground were not detected in the aerial census. Tree size, crown density and crown position all played roles in determining a crown's visibility from the air. Nearly all large, upper canopy hemlocks were visible in the aerial …


Analysis Of A Curved Buoyant Jet In An Enclosure Using Les, Allen E. Badeau Jr. Dec 2003

Analysis Of A Curved Buoyant Jet In An Enclosure Using Les, Allen E. Badeau Jr.

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The objective of this study is to investigate curved buoyant jets in an enclosure using Large Eddy Simulation (LES) methods with an Implicit Turbulent Model (ITM). To accomplish this goal, a numerical solver was written, named DREAMRTM, which is capable of solving three dimensional, transient flows using an accurate monotonic and non-oscillatory upwinding scheme. The three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations are solved in Cartesian coordinates, with the control volume approach being implemented on a staggered grid. The numerical scheme uses a fractional time step method, with the overall spatial and temporal accuracy being second order.;In ITM simulations, there is no explicit subgrid-scale …


Influence Of Live -Load Deflections On Superstructure Performance Of Slab On Steel Stringer Bridges, Haiyong Wu Dec 2003

Influence Of Live -Load Deflections On Superstructure Performance Of Slab On Steel Stringer Bridges, Haiyong Wu

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

High performance steel (HPS), specifically HPS 70W, was introduced to the bridge market in the United States in the late 1990s. With its added strength, greater durability, and improved weldability, HPS allows engineers to design longer and shallower spans, which may increase the live-load deflections. The AASHTO Standard Specification limits live-load deflections to L/800 for ordinary bridges and L/1000 for bridges in urban areas subjected to pedestrian use. Bridges designed by the AASHTO LRFD Specification have an optional deflection limit. Previous research focused on evaluating AASHTO live-load deflection limits showed that the justification for existing deflection limits was not clearly …


Reaction Engineering Study Of Natural Gas Hydrate Formation In Special Packed -Bed Reactors By Controlling The Boundary Layer Surfaces Of The Gas -Liquid -Solid Phases, Budhijanto Budhijanto Dec 2003

Reaction Engineering Study Of Natural Gas Hydrate Formation In Special Packed -Bed Reactors By Controlling The Boundary Layer Surfaces Of The Gas -Liquid -Solid Phases, Budhijanto Budhijanto

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Natural gas hydrates (NGH) are crystalline compounds that consist of water and natural gas (NG) molecules. By hydrogen bonds, water molecules form a regular lattice structure containing many cavities. NG molecules occupy the cavities, and therefore stabilize the cavities. NGH are considered to be one of the most potential alternative world energy resources. The applications of NGH in other fields, such as NG purification, storage, and transportation, are also possible. To obtain the full benefits of all the possible applications of NGH, a full understanding of the kinetics of NGH formation is needed.;Strictly speaking, the experimental works of reproducible intrinsic …


Basic Theory And Experimental Approach To Characterize Flow And Fracture Properties Of Fine Powder Bulk Body, Wiratni Wiratni Dec 2003

Basic Theory And Experimental Approach To Characterize Flow And Fracture Properties Of Fine Powder Bulk Body, Wiratni Wiratni

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation comprised two parts, which were Part I for the development of a method to characterize the fine powder flow at ambient temperature and Part II for the application of the method in fine powder aeration at elevated temperature.;The analysis conducted on fine powder aeration in Part I was based on the theory of homogeneously-aerated-expanded (HAE) emulsion phase, which viewed a system of aerated fine powders as a quasi-solid single phase.;The original aeration data from an aeration experiment (gas velocity, pressure drop, and bed height) were transformed into the new variables specifically defined for aerated fine powder (powder strain …


Geologic Feature Prediction Using Roof Bolter Drilling Parameters, Benjamin T. Mirabile Dec 2003

Geologic Feature Prediction Using Roof Bolter Drilling Parameters, Benjamin T. Mirabile

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The design of a safe and efficient roof support system is essential for any underground coal mining operation. All underground coal mines in the United States install roof bolts with a roof bolter as the primary means of supporting the mine roof. Proper application of roof bolting is dependent upon knowledge of the mine roof geology.;Recently developed control and data acquisition technologies allow the drilling performance of these roof bolters to be monitored on a real-time basis. Drilling data collected from these machines can be used to determine geological features present in the mine roof. A J. H. Fletcher & …


Implementing Software Engineering Practices In Small Industry With A Focus On Requirements Elicitation, James Clifford Fleming Dec 2003

Implementing Software Engineering Practices In Small Industry With A Focus On Requirements Elicitation, James Clifford Fleming

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

I have been involved in small industry for 33 years and I have seen how the evolution of computers and software has affected small companies striving to grow in their market place by trying to take advantage of an evolving technology. Many times an individual is assigned the task of developing software to fit the company's needs and begins the process without any formal training in the practices of Software Engineering. My Thesis will discuss my evolving skills, gained through my Masters in Software Engineering degree work, as a Software Engineer and how I have been able to implement proper …


Ersatz, George M. Horton Jr. Dec 2003

Ersatz, George M. Horton Jr.

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

My work attempts to develop the relationship between optical and formal painting traditions in modernism via the literal surface of the painting and the object or objects represented. They are arranged to create an effect of simultaneous emergence and dissolution. They represent the falsely temporal aspects of the perceived world, the concretization of which only exists in the mind of the viewer. This thesis statement will address issues of surface and illusionism in modern pictorial theory and the importance of perception verses objectification. In addition I will discuss the subject matter, composition, and techniques employed to create the works. I …


Characterization Of In-Use Emissions From On-Highway Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines, Mohan Krishnamurthy Dec 2003

Characterization Of In-Use Emissions From On-Highway Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines, Mohan Krishnamurthy

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Class-8 trucks with GVWR of 80,000 lbs were tested on different driving routes and in-use brake-specific emissions of NOx and CO2 data were collected using the West Virginia University's Mobile Emissions Measurement System (MEMS). An uncertainty analysis was performed on the MEMS and it was determined the maximum possible error in the measurement of brake-specific emissions of NOx was 8% and CO2 was 6%.;A modal analysis indicated that the cruise mode comprised 70% of the time that the vehicle spent in the Not-to-Exceed (NTE) zone while the acceleration and deceleration modes about 20% and 10% respectively.;In order to reduce the …


Evaluation Of Performance Graded Asphalt Binder Equipment And Testing Protocol, Michael E. Pumphrey Dec 2003

Evaluation Of Performance Graded Asphalt Binder Equipment And Testing Protocol, Michael E. Pumphrey

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The testing and grading of asphalt cement has progressively changed to meet the demanding needs for quality hot mix asphalt pavements. From October 1987 through March 1993, the Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP) conducted a {dollar}50 million research effort to improve asphalt pavement technology. The research led to the development of the Superpave(TM) mix design system (Superior Performing Asphalt Pavements) and the Performance Graded (PG) asphalt binder tests and specifications. The Performance Graded asphalt binder specifications were developed to address the shortcomings of the previous asphalt grading systems.;The objective of this research was to critically evaluate the SHRP performance graded …


Comparison Of Classification Methods For Perspiration-Based Liveness Algorithm, Sujan T. V. Parthasaradhi Dec 2003

Comparison Of Classification Methods For Perspiration-Based Liveness Algorithm, Sujan T. V. Parthasaradhi

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In the modern world there is a need for security. Biometric technologies provide a means for providing this security. Of the many different available biometric technologies, fingerprint recognition is the most popular. As with all security measures, biometric devices may be subject to attacks on the system. Fingerprint scanners may be susceptible to spoofing using artificial materials, or in the worst case, dismembered fingers. Liveness, i.e. to determine whether the introduced biometric is coming from a live source, has been suggested as a means to circumvent attacks that use spoof fingers. It has been shown that water based casting materials …


Effect Of Rate Of Sumping On Fragmentation Process In Laboratory Rotary Cutting Simulator, Muralidharan Venkataraman Dec 2003

Effect Of Rate Of Sumping On Fragmentation Process In Laboratory Rotary Cutting Simulator, Muralidharan Venkataraman

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study was done to examine the fragmentation process and to improve sumping. Research has demonstrated that specific energy and specific respirable dust must be kept minimum to produce the optimum parameters of the rock/coal breakage process and to attain maximum sumping. There are three major elements affecting the efficiency of the cutting head namely: (1) Geometry and size of the cutting tool, (2) Geometry of the drum and lacing and arrangements of the tools on the drum and (3) Effect of rate of advance/dynamic impacts. The emphasis is made on the rate of advance utilizing a miniature rotary cutting …


Alkaline Durability Tests For E-Glass/Vinyl Ester-Reinforced Polymer With Nanoclay, Shu-Kai Yeh Dec 2003

Alkaline Durability Tests For E-Glass/Vinyl Ester-Reinforced Polymer With Nanoclay, Shu-Kai Yeh

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Two kinds of GFRP (glass fiber reinforced plastics) composite materials were prepared and used in this study. One was E-glass/vinyl ester glass fiber reinforced polymer (plain GFRP) and the other was nano-GFRP prepared with the addition of 1 wt% of CloisiteRTM 10A nanoclay. These samples were aged in an alkaline solution (pH = 13.2) with 3560N (800-lbs), 2225N (500-lbs) and 885N (200-lbs) of sustained load, which were 50%, 31% and 12.5% of the tensile strength, respectively. Time to failure or tensile strength reduction was measured and used to determine durability of the samples in terms of Aging Index, which was …


Hybrid Neural Networks Models For A Membrane Reactor, Mohammed Al-Yemni Dec 2003

Hybrid Neural Networks Models For A Membrane Reactor, Mohammed Al-Yemni

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Artificial neural networks (ANN) have become an established discipline and have gained extensive interest within chemical engineering. In recent years, research effort has focused on the use of "hybrid artificial neural networks" (HANN) models that combine both the deterministic and the ANN elements. Several methods have been proposed for combining ANN with first principle relations. In this thesis, a new hybrid scheme, which is similar to that developed by Kasprow for a space-independent and time-dependent fed-batch microbial reactor, was developed for a space-dependent steady-state enzymatic reactor. This scheme combines ANN with mass balances and assumed rate expressions. It was shown …


National Survey Of Psychological Practices Across Rural And Urban Communities, Craig M. Helbok Dec 2003

National Survey Of Psychological Practices Across Rural And Urban Communities, Craig M. Helbok

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to examine potential differences in the practice of psychology across urban and rural communities. The review of the rural literature suggests that psychologists in rural areas are likely to encounter numerous ethical dilemmas and problems that are related specifically to the characteristics of such communities. To date, however, much of this literature has been based on theory and the individual experiences of practitioners. This study sought to quantify any differences in the practice of psychology across communities for such ethical issues as multiple relationships, competency, burnout, confidentiality, and visibility in the community. A survey …


Impacts On Terrestrial And Streamside Herpetofauna By Mountaintop Removal Mining In Southern West Virginia, Jennifer Mravintz Williams Dec 2003

Impacts On Terrestrial And Streamside Herpetofauna By Mountaintop Removal Mining In Southern West Virginia, Jennifer Mravintz Williams

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Mountaintop removal mining, a mining technique used in the Appalachian Mountains of West Virginia and nearby states, converts mature forests to grassland and shrub-pole habitats. I sampled terrestrial herpetofauna using drift fences with pitfalls and funnel traps from 2000--2002 to evaluate habitat use of unmined native habitat (intact forest), mined habitat (reclaimed grassland, reclaimed shrub-pole habitat, and fragmented forest), and early successional off-mine habitats that were created by other types of disturbance and were structurally similar to reclaimed grasslands and reclaimed shrubpole habitats. I searched transects in valley fill and reference streams from 2001--2002 to evaluate impacts of valley fill …


Numerical Analysis Of Source-Water Dynamics For Stream-Bounded Alluvial Aquifers, Sarah E. Webb Dec 2003

Numerical Analysis Of Source-Water Dynamics For Stream-Bounded Alluvial Aquifers, Sarah E. Webb

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Alluvial aquifers bounded by streams are water supply sources for numerous communities in the Ohio Valley, West Virginia. Groundwater flow models are tools for estimation of source areas, however, existing analytical solutions apply only in settings involving a single stream boundary. A series of numerical experiments was devised for wells near multiple surface sources examining the controlling aspects of well-location and boundary condition interaction on source areas. Local-scale models were constructed representing an alluvial aquifer bounded by a tributary intersecting a large river. Aquifer behavior was examined in response to variations in pumping well location and tributary gradient. Flow within …


Model Predictive Control Design For Load Frequency Control Problem, Nedzad Atic Dec 2003

Model Predictive Control Design For Load Frequency Control Problem, Nedzad Atic

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Load Frequency Control (LFC) is a mechanism by which power generation and power demand are balanced.;Model Predictive Control (MPC) has been widely accepted as a viable control strategy in the process industry. It is a model based control strategy where an optimization procedure is performed in every sampling interval over a prediction horizon, yielding an optimal control action. The optimization criterion, or objective function, is chosen in such a way as to satisfy the controlled system dynamics and constraints, penalize system output deviation from the desired trajectory, and minimize control efforts. Furthermore, a possibility to incorporate economic objectives into the …


Seasonal Movements Of Yellow-Phase American Eels ( Anguilla Rostrata) In The Shenandoah River, West Virginia, Stephen D. Hammond Dec 2003

Seasonal Movements Of Yellow-Phase American Eels ( Anguilla Rostrata) In The Shenandoah River, West Virginia, Stephen D. Hammond

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

American eels undergo extensive upstream migration in Atlantic coastal river systems. Few studies, however, have focused on movements of large yellow-phase American eels near dams in upper watersheds of Atlantic coastal rivers. We examined relationships between stream flow, water temperature, and lunar phase, and movements of radio-tagged yellow-phase American eels (518--810 mm TL) near Millville hydroelectric dam in the lower Shenandoah River, West. Movements of yellow-phase American eels differed among seasons. Water temperature and stream flow were associated with upstream migration during spring. Downstream movements during fall corresponded with decreasing water temperatures and darker nights near the new moon. Localized …


Winter Habitat Use Of Fishes In The Ohio River, Benjamin Ernst Lenz Dec 2003

Winter Habitat Use Of Fishes In The Ohio River, Benjamin Ernst Lenz

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Winter is a critical period during which fishes may suffer increased mortality. To identify the habitats that fishes use in large rivers during winter conditions, we electrofished six habitat types in the Belleville Pool, Ohio River. We collected the greatest diversity and numbers of fishes in low-velocity tributary confluences when water temperatures were >4°C. When water temperatures were <4°C, certain species were collected in greater abundance in faster-velocity main channel and back channel habitats while other species continued to associate with lower flows in tributary mouths. Differing habitat use between species obscures broad generalizations about when and how fishes use overwintering refuges. In an additional habitat sampled, an embayment, 85% of all fishes collected were juveniles. Centrarchids, rarely collected in the mainstem portion of the river, were one of the dominant fishes collected in the embayment. Protecting large river embayments may prove important for managing recreational sunfish fisheries.


Reducing Of Iron Corrosion In Water Pipelines By Hydrogen Addition, Feraih Sh. Alenazey Dec 2003

Reducing Of Iron Corrosion In Water Pipelines By Hydrogen Addition, Feraih Sh. Alenazey

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Water is provided to the citizenry of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia by the desalination of seawater. The purified water is then transported through extensive pipelines to the cities where it is used. During the process of transport the water becomes polluted with soluble iron.;The corrosion of iron in the pipelines is the result of an oxidation reduction reaction. In that reaction hydrogen ion is reduced and the iron is oxidized. The hypothesis of this thesis is that the electrochemical potential of the hydrogen half-cell reaction can be reduce by dissolution of hydrogen gas in the water. If that value …


Real-Time Measurement Of Oxides Of Nitrogen From Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines, Aparna Aravelli Dec 2003

Real-Time Measurement Of Oxides Of Nitrogen From Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines, Aparna Aravelli

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

New emissions regulations and performance requirements imposed on modern diesel engines encourage the development of improved tools for emissions measurements. This study investigated one of the improved tools for NOx emissions measurement. Objectives of this thesis included measurement, comparison and prediction of NOx emissions from heavy-duty diesel engines using two different NOx analyzers. Steady state and transient tests were conducted on six heavy-duty diesel engines in the WVU Engine and Emissions Research Center (EERC). NOx emissions were measured using a conventional Rosemount NOx analyzer and a Cambustion fast response NOx analyzer. The Rosemount analyzer sampled dilute emissions whereas the fast …


Crack Detection Technique For Reinforced Concrete Bridge Decks, Indumathi Chera Dec 2003

Crack Detection Technique For Reinforced Concrete Bridge Decks, Indumathi Chera

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study describes the instrumentation and test results of a reinforced concrete bridge deck constructed on 3-span continuous steel girders. The instrumented bridge is located in Evansville, West Virginia at the intersection of US Route 50 East and WV 92 South. An instrumentation system is developed and implemented specifically to measure and monitor the growth of cracks along the wheel path. The system consists of 30 crack-meters embedded in concrete over the bottom layer of the reinforcement. The crack-meter readings are automatically collected every 20 minutes together with the readings from other sensors that were placed in concrete and on …


Adding Liveness Detection To The Hand Geometry Scanner, Musat C. Crihalmeanu Dec 2003

Adding Liveness Detection To The Hand Geometry Scanner, Musat C. Crihalmeanu

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In today's dynamic society, the efficiency of the Biometric Systems has an increasing tendency to replace the classic but obsolete keys and passwords. Hand Geometry Readers are popular biometrics used for Access and Control applications. One of their weaknesses is vulnerability to spoofing using fake hands (latex, play-doh or dead-hands).;The objective of this thesis is to design a feature to be added to the Hand Geometry Scanner in order to detect vitality in the hand, reducing spoofing possibilities.;This thesis demonstrates how the Hand Reader was successfully spoofed and shows the implementation of the live detection feature through an inexpensive but …


Evaluation Of 4.75 Mm Superpave Mix Criteria For West Virginia, David Diazgranados Diaz Dec 2003

Evaluation Of 4.75 Mm Superpave Mix Criteria For West Virginia, David Diazgranados Diaz

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this research was to evaluate design parameters for 4.75 mm nominal maximum aggregate size mixes, NMAS, in West Virginia. This research was divided in two phases. During Phase I, evaluation of Superpave criteria for 4.75 mm LAMAS mixes, a variety of 4.75 mm NMAS limestone mixes were developed following Superpave methodology for low traffic volume. In Phase II, natural sand evaluation for 4.75 mm mixes; three approved Marshall designs were obtained from the WVDOT. Two of the mixes contained natural sand and the other was a 100 percent limestone mix. The Marshall mix designs were verified and …


Evaluation Of Concrete Median Barrier Delineation Under Poor Visibility Conditions, Kari A. French Dec 2003

Evaluation Of Concrete Median Barrier Delineation Under Poor Visibility Conditions, Kari A. French

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

A nationwide survey, durability test, and visibility test were conducted for concrete median barrier delineation. PENNDOT was encountering with delineators becoming detached due to harsh conditions in the roadside areas, as well as visibility problems in spot locations prone to fog. From the results of the research it was recommended that in areas prone to poor visibility conditions, PENNDOT consider decreasing the longitudinal spacing and providing delineation lower on the barrier than shown in the standards. With respect to the durability, in instances where the "peel-n-stick" delineators are comparable in price to obtaining the delineator and adhesive separately, that special …


Relational Project Modeling And Risk Projection Framework, Brian D. Gould Dec 2003

Relational Project Modeling And Risk Projection Framework, Brian D. Gould

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The relational project modeling and risk projection framework enables a projection of the consequences of initial project schedules and schedule changes with respect to risk realization in resource constrained project environments, and the identification of unrecognized schedule risks implied by those schedules.


Simplified Live-Load Moment Distribution Factors For Simple Span Slab On I-Girder Bridges, Wesley D. Hevener Dec 2003

Simplified Live-Load Moment Distribution Factors For Simple Span Slab On I-Girder Bridges, Wesley D. Hevener

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The primary goal of this effort is to identify and assess various methods of computing live load distribution factors and to use the results of laboratory and field tests to compare these methods. It is further a goal of this work to use these methods to perform a parametric study over a wide range of typical slab on steel I-girder bridges to assess the accuracy of both the AASHTO Standard and AASHTO LRFD specifications and to propose an empirical model that correlates better with the analytical results within the range of parameters that are to be studied.;These studies include: (1) …


Laboratory Experiments In Thermal Sciences, Christopher K. Jackson Dec 2003

Laboratory Experiments In Thermal Sciences, Christopher K. Jackson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Study of the basic sciences (chemistry, biology, physics, etc.) requires experimental verification to support the theory developed in the classroom. Engineering solutions are the same in their need for verification. In an academic environment this verification comes in the form of laboratory courses. The link to applications is equally important as the demonstration of theory. This is especially true for engineering disciplines due to the nature of tasks engineers are expected to successfully complete in industry. It is vital for the engineer's career that he/she can successfully apply the background theory learned in university study to real world applications.;The Department …