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Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Professional Development School Support Of The Elementary Globe Curriculum A Facilitated Adaptation Of Inquiry Science, Vance D. High
Professional Development School Support Of The Elementary Globe Curriculum A Facilitated Adaptation Of Inquiry Science, Vance D. High
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This qualitative study focused on identifying barriers and remedies to those barriers found when teaching elementary school science. The Elementary GLOBE Program (2006) was the curriculum selected when doing the 18 month study. The researcher asked what made Elementary GLOBE (EG) easy and/or difficult to use. The researcher also wished to ascertain what impact did the adoption of EG have on the delivery of science instruction in the K-4 grade classrooms participating in this study. Two professional developments schools (PDS), located in a Mid Atlantic state were the sites for the study. Both schools are in an urban setting and …
Identifying Potential Sources Of Variation In Residual Feed Intake In Beef Cattle, Kevin S. Shaffer
Identifying Potential Sources Of Variation In Residual Feed Intake In Beef Cattle, Kevin S. Shaffer
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Residual feed intake (RFI) class differences in gut function and grazing intake were evaluated using 14 crossbred steer progeny of first parity dams with known RFI phenotypes and a commercially available Angus sire. Steers were housed in a drylot facility and fed a forage based complete feed ad libitum, a forage diet at maintenance (1.5% BW as fed), and a concentrate diet at maintenance in Exp. 1, 4, and 5 respectively. Voluntary DMI and solid and liquid passage rate were evaluated while grazing (Exp. 2 and 3, respectively). Plasma concentrations of albumin (ALB), urea nitrogen (UN), cholesterol (CHOL), glucose (GLU), …
Capillary Electrophoresis For Measuring Biological Interactions: Binding Affinity And Enzyme Kinetics, Ted Langan
Capillary Electrophoresis For Measuring Biological Interactions: Binding Affinity And Enzyme Kinetics, Ted Langan
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This dissertation is based upon research in the use of capillary electrophoresis for the measurement of biological interactions. The studies presented here research two classes of analytes, steroids and oligosaccharides, both of which have profound importance to biological systems. Capillary electrophoresis separation methods were utilized to determine binding affinity and enzyme kinetic constants. The second chapter describes the first use of a semi-permanent phospholipid coating that is utilized in capillary electrophoresis-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (CE-ESI-MS) for the purpose of monitoring enzymatic hydrolysis and the detection of maltooligosaccharides. Although phospholipids in free solution are generally unused in ESI, they did not interfere …
Development Of Value-Added Food Products From Isoelectrically Recovered Proteins, Reza Tahergorabi
Development Of Value-Added Food Products From Isoelectrically Recovered Proteins, Reza Tahergorabi
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The amount of fish by-products is huge and there is a large potential for making more value-added products from this raw material. On the other hand, dark chicken meat has been considered as a major underutilized commodity due to the increasing demand for further processed breast meat products. If proper meat recovery technology is successfully applied, the recovered meat can result in added revenue for a processor as well as reduce environmental pollution associated with disposal of the processing by-products. The overall objective of this study was to recover functional proteins from whole gutted fish and dark chicken meat by …
Characterization Of Terrelysin, A Potential Biomarker For Aspergillus Terreus, Ajay Padmaj Nayak
Characterization Of Terrelysin, A Potential Biomarker For Aspergillus Terreus, Ajay Padmaj Nayak
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Exposure to fungi can lead to diverse conditions from allergy to colonization to invasive and disseminated infection, depending on the status of the host immune system. Recent data suggests that fungal infections and especially Aspergillus species has been on the rise. Though mostly affecting immunocompromised individuals, more recent reports have identified infections in immunocompetent populations as well. Aspergillus terreus is of particular interest, since it causes rapid disseminating infections with high mortality rates, owing to its natural resistance to antifungal drugs and production of vegetative aleurioconidia during infection. These attributes coupled with poor current diagnostics and increasing costs involved with …
Gold Nanoparticle-Based Surface Plasmon Mediated Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering And Energy Transfer Platforms For Sensing Applications, Ming Li
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) exhibit unique optical properties, depending on the particle size, geometrical shape, and medium refractive index and interparticle interactions, etc. Among these optical properties, localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) has significant effects on the electromagnetic field around the GNPs. The LSPR-induced electromagnetic field enhancement is beneficial to the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and energy transfer processes. This dissertation deals with the effects of LSPR on SERS and energy transfer between CdSe/ZnS quantum dots and GNPs. Specifically, the research aims to gain better understanding of (i) the electromagnetic enhancement induced by charge transfer from GNP to molecules, (ii) the …
Natural Barrier Assessment And Modeling For Fish Communities In Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area, Ross G. Andrew
Natural Barrier Assessment And Modeling For Fish Communities In Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area, Ross G. Andrew
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Natural barriers may play an important role in structure and composition of stream fish habitat. Determining the effects of natural barriers on fish communities is important for understanding ecological processes that may occur throughout barrier-affected habitats. Additionally, modeling the likelihood of natural barrier occurrence using spatial data can reduce survey effort in the field and make management of fisheries in barrier-affected systems more efficient. I surveyed 446 natural barriers within the Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area using a standardized field protocol to assess passability for fishes. I measured natural barriers individually based upon individual morphology and developed a scoring …
Ecological Effects Of And Recovery Following Surface Mining And Pasture Reclamation, Michael Levy
Ecological Effects Of And Recovery Following Surface Mining And Pasture Reclamation, Michael Levy
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Surface mining with concurrent reclamation to pasture is a major driver of land use and cover change in Appalachia and constitutes a massive disturbance. Prior research suggests that some aspects of recovery are either slow or incomplete. We examined ecosystem structure---including soil physical and chemical properties, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) infectivity and community, and plant diversity and community composition---on a chronosequence of pasture-reclaimed surface mines and an unmined pasture in northern West Virginia. We also examined the effect of inoculating red clover, grown with high or low phosphorus, with AMF communities from old and young pasture-reclaimed surface mines and an …
Rules Of The Game: Effects Of A Game-Based Metaphor On Instructional Activity Design And The Use Of Student Mentors On Learning Outcomes In A Middle School General Science Class, Angie Dowling
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study investigated the effects of a game-like environment on instructional activity design and the use of student mentors on learning outcomes in a middle school general science class. The participants for this study were 165 students, ages 13-14 years old, who were enrolled in 8th grade at a mid-Atlantic middle school. Two research questions were used to conduct the research:;1. Can science content be designed and successfully delivered instructionally using a game-like learning environment?;2. Does the use of student mentors/assistants help direct and maintain the flow of the class away from the technological issues toward the necessary learning outcomes …
The Effects Of Aerobic Exercise Training On Arterial Stiffness In The Metabolic Syndrome, Brian Lee Reger
The Effects Of Aerobic Exercise Training On Arterial Stiffness In The Metabolic Syndrome, Brian Lee Reger
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Background: Arterial dysfunction, due in part to arterial stiffening, is recognized as a surrogate end point for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and predicts the risk of future CV events. The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a clustering of risk factors associated with increased stiffening and carotid artery thickening. Aerobic exercise is a well-established therapy that reduces CV events, and has proven to be an effective intervention against arterial stiffening and pathological wall remodeling in the healthy, hypertensive, and diabetic population.;Aims: The purpose of this thesis was to examine the impact of aerobic exercise training on arterial stiffness and wall remodeling in MetS …
Growth Of Chlorella Vulgaris And Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii For Biodiesel Production And Carbon Dioxide Capture, Mariana T. Farcas
Growth Of Chlorella Vulgaris And Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii For Biodiesel Production And Carbon Dioxide Capture, Mariana T. Farcas
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The growth of two strains of green microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris (UTEX 2714) and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (UTEX 90) was tested in three types of media; Tris Acetate Phosphate (TAP), Bushnell Haas Broth (BHB), and Wright's Cryptophytes (WC buffered with either glycylglycine or Tris-base). Also, initial medium pH is ranging from 4 to 10, light intensity ranging from 100 to 600 micromol photons/m 2s, and CO2 concentrations ranging from 0.038% (ambient) to 12%, were tested. WC medium at pH 8 buffered with glycylglycine sustained the highest yield and best buffering capacity for growth of both C. vulgaris and C. reinhardtii. A light …
Biometric Variation Among Two Mangrove Warbler Setophaga Petechia Populations Of Northwestern Mexico, Cheryl L. Schweizer
Biometric Variation Among Two Mangrove Warbler Setophaga Petechia Populations Of Northwestern Mexico, Cheryl L. Schweizer
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Mangrove forests are one of the most productive ecosystems in the world. Despite this, over half of the world's mangroves have been lost, primarily due to anthropogenic activities. Northwestern Mexico is the northernmost range of mangroves in the eastern Pacific and western hemisphere. Mangrove Warblers (Setophaga petechia castaneiceps and S. p. rhizophorae ), are small, tropical songbirds, endemic to these mangroves and are presumed to have sedentary lifestyles. Little is known about Mangrove Warblers across their range including basic life history data. Declining habitat across Mexico may be putting these populations at great risk. My primary objectives were to 1) …
Assessing The Thermal Tolerance And Growth Potential At Elevated Temperatures Of Three Different Strains Of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss), Michael A. Porto
Assessing The Thermal Tolerance And Growth Potential At Elevated Temperatures Of Three Different Strains Of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss), Michael A. Porto
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This thesis examines how critical thermal maxima (CTM) differs between different strains of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and explores the relationship between thermal tolerance and consumption, conversion efficiency, and growth rates at elevated temperatures. This thesis is comprised of three chapters; (1) an introduction and literature review on studies of temperature tolerance and growth in salmonids, (2) an experimental study investigating the CTM of three different strains of rainbow trout, and (3) an experimental study investigating the correlation between thermal tolerance and consumption, food conversion efficiency (FCE) and growth at elevated temperatures. For the first experimental study, we quantified the …
Evaluation Of Tree Growth And Chemical, Physical And Biochemical Soil Properties Of Two Reclaimed Surface Mines In West Virginia, Calene B. Thomas
Evaluation Of Tree Growth And Chemical, Physical And Biochemical Soil Properties Of Two Reclaimed Surface Mines In West Virginia, Calene B. Thomas
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Advancements in technology and coal mining methods have accelerated the disturbance of valuable contiguous deciduous forests in the Appalachian region. In many instances, mountaintop mining has converted large expanses of forested mountaintops to rolling pasture and hay land that have been left abandoned to revert to shrub land dominated by invasive nonnative species. Due to excessive soil compaction and heavy herbaceous cover, natural plant community succession from planted grasslands to hardwood forests is slow. Recently, efforts are being made to re-establish hardwood forests on mined land through careful spoil and amendment selection, and placement and planting of appropriate herbaceous and …
Symptoms, Causes, And Coping Strategies For Performance Anxiety In Singers: A Synthesis Of Research, Kristina Driskill
Symptoms, Causes, And Coping Strategies For Performance Anxiety In Singers: A Synthesis Of Research, Kristina Driskill
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
A multitude of studies exists concerning performance anxiety, yet the number specifically focused upon singers is lacking in the literature. This study, intended as a reference guide for singers and singing instructors, discusses the symptoms, possible causes, and currently accepted coping strategies for music performance anxiety (MPA). An analysis of the published scholarship and correspondence from singers and professionals are included, as well as an appendix listing self-help sources and an extensive bibliography for further research. The study serves as an aid to singers and singing instructors seeking concise information on the topic. Specific steps within each coping method are …
The Failure Of The Surveillance State: Observation, Narrative And Identity In American Literature And Culture Since The Cold War, Jeremy C. Justus
The Failure Of The Surveillance State: Observation, Narrative And Identity In American Literature And Culture Since The Cold War, Jeremy C. Justus
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This dissertation examines an aporia in Michel Foucault's analysis of ideological panopticism. Foucault would likely suggest that the contemporary widespread use and acceptance of second-generation surveillance technologies exemplifies the discursive circulation of panoptic ideology. To the contrary, there is a great deal of evidence that suggests that such technology can be used for, to borrow Steve Mann's phrase, sousveillance (or, literally, "to watch from below"). By drawing from Niklas Luhmann's and Gregory Bateson's examinations of the inherent "blind spots" of observation systems (both literal and metaphorical), this dissertation suggests that sousveillance posits a challenge to the theoretically "neat" (according to …
A Context Centric Model For Building A Knowledge Advantage Machine Based On Personal Ontology Patterns, Luyi Wang
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Throughout the industrial era societal advancement could be attributed in large part to introduction a plethora of electromechanical machines all of which exploited a key concept known as Mechanical Advantage. In the post-industrial era exploitation of knowledge is emerging as the key enabler for societal advancement. With the advent of the Internet and the Web, while there is no dearth of knowledge, what is lacking is an efficient and practical mechanism for organizing knowledge and presenting it in a comprehensible form appropriate for every context. This is the fundamental problem addressed by my dissertation.;We begin by proposing a novel architecture …
A Phase Separation Study Of Biological Polymers In Solid State Films, Jaclyn Nicole Kokx
A Phase Separation Study Of Biological Polymers In Solid State Films, Jaclyn Nicole Kokx
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
A growing need for nanoparticle-polymeric composite materials in the electronics and coatings industries has driven research to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms of self-assembled phase separation in polymer thin films and experiment with controlling the phase separation behavior of multicomponent polymer systems. This research proposed that biological polymers have the ability to phase separate into defined structures capable of organizing nanoparticles with unparallel control over the architecture of the molecule compared to synthetic polymers.;This study used recombinant DNA techniques and the expression host E. coli to accurately and repeatedly produce a peptide with a random coil secondary structure. …
The Relationship Between Temperament And Facets Of Creativity, Clark Daniel Pinson
The Relationship Between Temperament And Facets Of Creativity, Clark Daniel Pinson
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purported association between mental illness and creativity has been most heavily researched in individuals diagnosed with a bipolar disorder. The bipolar disorders have been conceptualized as a spectrum of disorders that range from problematic and labile affect to different types of temperament. Temperament has classically been defined as elements of personality that are heritable, stable, based on emotion, and uninfluenced by socio-cultural learning. Contemporary literature suggested that at least some aspects of creativity may be enhanced by an affective range that has been best characterized by the milder part of the bipolar spectrum of disorders. The primary inquiry of …
Efficacy Of Varying Rates Of Herbicide And Surfactant For The Control Of Understory Oriental Bittersweet (Celastrus Orbiculatus Thunb.) Plants In An Appalachian Hardwood Forest, Terry L. Burhans Jr.
Efficacy Of Varying Rates Of Herbicide And Surfactant For The Control Of Understory Oriental Bittersweet (Celastrus Orbiculatus Thunb.) Plants In An Appalachian Hardwood Forest, Terry L. Burhans Jr.
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Oriental bittersweet (Celastrus orbiculatus) is an invasive climbing, twining vine that can grow up into the forest canopy effectively inhibiting growth and light exposure on affected trees. A local landowner who had treated bittersweet with various rates of a glyphosate-based herbicide claimed that higher than recommended rates of herbicide were needed to effectively control the invasive plant. This study was established to assess the validity of this claim and to explore the interaction of glyphosate and surfactant effects on the efficacy of bittersweet control. The goal was to determine an ideal treatment of herbicide and surfactant rates for the effective …
Dating Anxiety And Paternal Dating Rules, Chad S. Brice
Dating Anxiety And Paternal Dating Rules, Chad S. Brice
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Dating anxiety is a specific type of social anxiety individuals experience in the presence of dating partners or potential dating partners that disrupts typical romantic development during adolescence. The etiological factors that contribute to dating anxiety have been less researched than other presentations of anxiety so the present research aimed to further explore potential contributors based on etiological factors related to other anxiety disorders. Many parent variables have been associated with anxiety disorders including parental anxiety, overcontrol, and fear-conditioning. In regard to dating, fathers have been shown to be more controlling and restrictive than mothers in their rule use. The …
The Relationships Between Perinatal Loss Interventions At The Time Of Stillbirth And Maternal Grief., Peggy Lambert Fink
The Relationships Between Perinatal Loss Interventions At The Time Of Stillbirth And Maternal Grief., Peggy Lambert Fink
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Annually there are approximately 26,000 stillbirths in the United States. The loss of a child has the ability to derail life’s trajectory like no other loss, and stillbirth can significantly affect a woman’s relationships, her health, and future childbearing. Stillbirth interventions provided in the hospital are intended to provide comfort and support and assist women as they grieve. Stillbirth interventions have evolved over the last 30 years, but there have been no evaluations of interventions to determine if they were helpful to grieving mothers. This study, therefore, evaluated the impact of interventions provided at the time of …
Examination Of Mediational Models Of The Hostility-Health Link, Carol Goulet
Examination Of Mediational Models Of The Hostility-Health Link, Carol Goulet
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study investigated health behavior as a possible mediator of the link between hostility and poor physical and psychological health. The relations of health behavior, character strength, and virtuous behavior to hostility and health were also examined. A sample of 689 undergraduate participants (69.4% female) completed a series of on-line assessments that measured hostility, physical health, psychological health, health behavior, social support, character strength, and virtuous behavior. Health behavior was examined and found to be a significant partial mediator of the relations between hostility and physical and psychological health. Furthermore, the results of multiple regressions revealed that gender, hostility, and …
Pharmacological Characterization Of Sigma-2 Preferring Compounds: Implications In Cocaine-Induced Behaviors, Bahar Noorbakhsh
Pharmacological Characterization Of Sigma-2 Preferring Compounds: Implications In Cocaine-Induced Behaviors, Bahar Noorbakhsh
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Cocaine is a powerful psychostimulant that is highly abused by 1.9 million people in the United States. It accounts for more emergency department visits than any other illicit drug. Even with the high rate of cocaine abuse, no FDA approved pharmacological treatments exist. Many attempts at finding a pharmacotherapy for cocaine abuse and addiction have been made, but proven unsuccessful. Cocaine is known to bind sigma receptors at physiologically relevant concentrations, deeming them potential targets for cocaine pharmacotherapies and helping to elucidate the actions of cocaine. Two subtypes of sigma receptors have been described, sigma-1 and sigma-2. Minimal information is …
Synthesis Of Functional 1,2,3-Triazoles And Its Applications In Transition Metal Catalysis, Wuming Yan
Synthesis Of Functional 1,2,3-Triazoles And Its Applications In Transition Metal Catalysis, Wuming Yan
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Several new methodologies for synthesizing functional 1,2,3-triazoles which include arylation, vinylation, propargylation and allenation, have been successfully developed. These resulting new methods are of great benefit to the organic chemists who are working on the research fields related to 1,2,3-triazoles. Particularly, the iron catalyzed propargylation and allenation have initiated the iron chemistry with 1,2,3-triazoles as the ligand. For example, our efforts led to the discovery of a practical approach for the synthesis of conjugated enynes that is challenging through conventional methods. In the synthesis of conjugated enyne, 1,2,3-triazoles were revealed as the only ligand effectively promoting this important and challenging …
Recovery Of Dna Profiles From Fingerprints On Paper After The Application Of Ninhydrin Or Dfo Given Certain Time Periods, Marco Colin Lovejoy
Recovery Of Dna Profiles From Fingerprints On Paper After The Application Of Ninhydrin Or Dfo Given Certain Time Periods, Marco Colin Lovejoy
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study examined the recovery of DNA profiles from fingerprints on paper. This examination occurred in three phases: initial determination of DNA profiles on paper, recovery of DNA profiles given certain time periods, and recovery of DNA profiles after the application of the chemical enhancement techniques of ninhydrin or DFO given certain time periods. Phase II and Phase III paper sheets were exposed to the environment to simulate a house setting. All samples from the phases were extracted with phenol-chloroform. Samples from Phase I and Phase II were amplified with AMPF/STRRTM IdentifilerRTM amplification kit while samples from Phase III were …
Ambient Geochemical And Isotopic Variations In Groundwaters Across An Area Of Accelerating Shale Gas Development, Michon L. Mulder
Ambient Geochemical And Isotopic Variations In Groundwaters Across An Area Of Accelerating Shale Gas Development, Michon L. Mulder
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
One of the main challenges associated with Marcellus Formation shale gas development is to ensure proper management and disposal of flowback water produced as a result of hydraulic fracturing of gas wells. The flowback water consists of a mixture of returned frac'ing fluids and highly saline formation brines. As a result, improper management or disposal of this flowback can potentially contaminate the fresh surface waters and groundwaters of the area. To better assess any detrimental effect on water quality, there is need to understand the natural geochemical variations prior to the rapid expansion of gas drilling in the area.;This study …
Treatment Of Nightmares Using Imagery Rehearsal Therapy: A Multiple Baseline Study, Michael R. Nadorff
Treatment Of Nightmares Using Imagery Rehearsal Therapy: A Multiple Baseline Study, Michael R. Nadorff
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Nightmares have been linked with several negative consequences, including death by suicide. Further, nightmare sufferers report that nightmares have a significant negative impact on their lives. To address this problem, several nightmare treatments have been studied, with Imagery Rehearsal Therapy (IRT) having the greatest amount of empirical support. However, there are many unanswered questions in regard to IRT, such as how quickly one may see an effect and whether or not there is a temporary increase in nightmares prior to a decrease. The current study aimed to address these questions by examining IRT using a non-concurrent multiple baseline design. Four …
Detection And Characterization Of Pyromarkers Of Smoked Drugs Of Abuse, Rona Kiyomi Nishikawa
Detection And Characterization Of Pyromarkers Of Smoked Drugs Of Abuse, Rona Kiyomi Nishikawa
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Smoking or inhalation has increased in popularity as the choice route of administration of drugs of abuse amongst drug abusers. Combustion products associated with the smoking event (pyromarkers) of these smoked drugs of abuse can be useful in post mortem toxicological analysis both for investigative and public health applications. A method using analytical pyrolysis was developed to simulate the smoking process used for illicit drugs, which is significantly different than methods used for studies of conventional tobacco smoking, This method was used to identify possible markers associated smoked fentanyl and mixes of heroin and fentanyl. Thermocouple temperature probes were used …
Iris Indexing And Ear Classification, Ravindra B. Gadde
Iris Indexing And Ear Classification, Ravindra B. Gadde
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
To identify an individual using a biometric system, the input biometric data has to be typically compared against that of each and every identity in the existing database during the matching stage. The response time of the system increases with the increase in number of individuals (i.e., database size), which is not acceptable in real time monitoring or when working on large scale data. This thesis addresses the problem of reducing the number of database candidates to be considered during matching in the context of iris and ear recognition. In the case of iris, an indexing mechanism based on Burrows …