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The Effects Of Social Support On Men's Exercise-Related Cardiovascular Reactivity., Daniel Benjamin Hollander
The Effects Of Social Support On Men's Exercise-Related Cardiovascular Reactivity., Daniel Benjamin Hollander
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
A predictor of cardiovascular disease is increased heart rate and blood pressure reactivity to physical tasks. One psychological factor that is associated with a reduced cardiac (i.e., heart rate) and vascular (blood pressure) reactivity has been social support. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of social support on exercise-related CV reactivity. It was hypothesized that participants would demonstrate lower CVR in the Partner Present condition than in the Alone condition and that level of intimacy would be related to CVR. Male participants (N = 32) who were in an enduring romantic relationship (i.e., minimum duration …
The Effects Of Fearful Responding Of Arithmetic Performance., Derek Richard Hopko
The Effects Of Fearful Responding Of Arithmetic Performance., Derek Richard Hopko
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Although anxiety-related responding and skill deficits have historically been associated with performance-based problems such as high mathematics anxiety, the relative contributions of these variables to substandard performance remains poorly understood. Utilizing a 7% carbon dioxide gas mixture to induce fear, the present study was designed to determine the impact of fear-related responding to cognitive task performance. Independent variables included anxiety group, gender, and gas condition. Dependent variables included behavioral, physiological, and self-report indices. A total of 64 university undergraduate students participated in the study. High and low math anxious individuals were randomly assigned to either a carbon dioxide or control …
The Development And Validation Of Science Learning Inventory (Sli): A Conceptual Change Framework., Mehdi Seyedmonir
The Development And Validation Of Science Learning Inventory (Sli): A Conceptual Change Framework., Mehdi Seyedmonir
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
A multidimensional theoretical model, Conceptual Change Science Learning (CCSL), was developed based on Standard Model of Conceptual Change and Cognitive Reconstruction of Knowledge Model. The model addresses three main components of science learning, namely the learner's conceptual ecology, the message along with its social context, and the cognitive engagement. A learner's conceptual ecology is organized around three clusters, including epistemological beliefs, existing conceptions, and motivation. Learner's cognitive engagement is represented by a continuum from peripheral processing involving shallow cognitive engagement to central processing involving deep cognitive engagement. Through reciprocal, non-sequential interactions of such constructs, the learners' conceptual change is achieved. …
The Effects Of Supported Employment Level On The Psychosocial Experiences Of Integrated Workers With Mental Retardation., Jennifer L. Schwartz-Mitchell
The Effects Of Supported Employment Level On The Psychosocial Experiences Of Integrated Workers With Mental Retardation., Jennifer L. Schwartz-Mitchell
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Supported employment approaches may have a significant impact on the Psychosocial experiences of workers with mild and moderate mental retardation. The present study examined the influence of supported employment level (i.e., individual vs. group) on the depression, loneliness, and lifestyle satisfaction of employees participating in a vocational rehabilitation program. It was hypothesized that supported employment level differences would be reflected in the dependent variables of depression, loneliness, and lifestyle satisfaction reported by participants (N = 54). Additional predictions were made about relationships between these dependent variables and measures of social support and social skills. Supported employment level differences on depression, …
Back To Nature To Beat The Blues, Shannon Leigh Kirby Lawson
Back To Nature To Beat The Blues, Shannon Leigh Kirby Lawson
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purpose of this study was to demonstrate a reduction in depressive symptoms in nursing home residents by using a pet therapy intervention to increase levels of social support and social interaction within the nursing home facility.;The target population in this study consisted of two nursing home facilities in West Virginia. Approximately 21 subjects participated in the study. An intervention using pet therapy was conducted in the intervention facility in which certified therapy animals "visited" the residents once a week for four weeks. The control group received a delayed intervention of gospel singing once a week for four weeks after …
Explanatory Models Of Chronic Pain, Elizabeth Neely Thrush
Explanatory Models Of Chronic Pain, Elizabeth Neely Thrush
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Chronic pain is described as pain that persists for six months or longer. This type of pain may range from dull to excruciating and may be constant or sporadic. The purpose of this study was to explore the explanatory models of individuals living in chronic pain. The study sample included twelve adults, eleven women and one man, who have been diagnosed with the chronic pain condition Fibromyalgia. Using Arthur Kleinman's explanatory models as a framework, participants were personally interviewed regarding the physical, personal, and social causes and consequences of chronic pain. In order to elicit personal explanatory models, each participant …
Design And Development Of Fuzzy Expert System For Handy Board, Aditya Kumar Singh
Design And Development Of Fuzzy Expert System For Handy Board, Aditya Kumar Singh
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The recent trend in global manufacturing scenario has resulted in the emergence of many innovative techniques that have revolutionized the manufacturing industry as a whole. A lot of states of art advances have been associated with the increasing use of microprocessors in advance manufacturing systems. Out of many the one, which has predominantly captured the real time, behavioral use is the Fuzzy Logic.;Fuzzy logic implementation in real time environment involves the integration of multi-disciplinary area like computer engineering, mechanical and electronic systems tailored towards smart systems that enable a very precise control on the process. The fuzzy logic based project …
Response Time To Batted Balls, Tracie L. Stechly Seivertson
Response Time To Batted Balls, Tracie L. Stechly Seivertson
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Traditional wooden bats are being replaced by metal bats. These metal bats can increase the exit ball speed. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of the exit ball speed off of a bat on a recreational baseball player's ability to react to the ball.;Ten male subjects, ages 18 to 30, participated in this study. A pitching machine projected balls toward each participant. Each subject was placed behind a safety net and asked to react to the ball as if he was going to field the ball. A radar gun, video cameras, and video editing equipment were used to …
Relations Between Measures Of Attention And Memory In The Assessment Of Children With Attentional Difficulties, Karen S. Kirk
Relations Between Measures Of Attention And Memory In The Assessment Of Children With Attentional Difficulties, Karen S. Kirk
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Attentional difficulties are associated with a number of different pediatric clinical disorders, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), learning disabilities (LD), and traumatic brain injury (TBI). Further, two cognitive functions dependent upon attention, learning and memory, are characteristic deficits in LD children, and have been documented as correlated weaknesses in ADHD and TBI populations. However, few investigations have examined the relation between these cognitive functions, in terms of understanding the respective contributions of attention, learning, and memory deficits in the clinical groups indicated above. In the present study, a measure of attention, the Gordon Diagnostic System (GDS) was compared to …
Measuring Behavioral Disruption In Children Who Have Been In Motor Vehicle Accidents, Kimberly Mullen James
Measuring Behavioral Disruption In Children Who Have Been In Motor Vehicle Accidents, Kimberly Mullen James
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study examined the overt behavioral response of children following recent exposure to a motor vehicle accident (MVA). Forty-five children completed a clinical Stroop task. Children were divided, based on prior psychometric assessment, into three groups: (a) survivors of a recent MVA, and experiencing behavioral distress; (b) survivors of a recent MVA, and not experiencing behavioral distress; and (c) those who have not experienced an MVA. Differential color-naming and error response to four types of Stroop stimuli was assessed: (a) MVA-related words, (b) school-stress related words, (c) neutral household words, and (d) colored Xs. Analysis of participant characteristics indicated no …
Explaining Age-Related Problem -Solving Differences On Concept Identification Problems As A Function Of Problem Content, Strategies, And Stereotypes, Dave Buck
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purposes of this study were to: (a) determine whether older adults would use logic-based strategies on a concept identification task when the stereotyped content of the task was changed to "experience free"; (b) determine whether older adults would use logic-based strategies when the stereotyped content was left intact after completing an "experience free" version of the concept identification task, and (c) explore relations of potential causal mechanisms of strategy use for older adults such as problem interpretation or past experience. Thirty-two older adults (M = 70.0 years) and 32 younger adults (M = 21.2) solved two versions of the …
Milk Allergy/Intolerance In Infancy And Cognitive Functioning, Tina M. Yost
Milk Allergy/Intolerance In Infancy And Cognitive Functioning, Tina M. Yost
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study examines the relationship between a history of milk A/I in infancy and intelligence in later childhood. Participants included 74 male and female children ages 3 years to 12 years, referred for psychological evaluation. Background information gathered from the primary caregiver included history of milk A/I in infancy. The Wechsler Scales of Intelligence provided information on the participants level of cognitive functioning. Findings were significant for both ANOVA and chi square analysis, with children in Group One (milk A/I) demonstrating lower IQ scores than children in Group Two (no milk A/I). The findings also suggest a relationship between milk …
Designing A Cultural Needs Questionnaire, Sabah Karayegen
Designing A Cultural Needs Questionnaire, Sabah Karayegen
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study describes the development of a cultural needs questionnaire intended to get a profile of foreign students' awareness of American culture. Specifically, the original questionnaire was designed to assess the level of awareness that English as a Second Language (ESL) students have of three aspects of American culture: family, gender roles, and education. The purpose of the development of student profiles resulting from this questionnaire was to offer one source of feedback to ESL teachers concerning these particularly relevant areas in which newly arrived students may be culturally confused. The piloting of the questionnaire revealed several problems inherent in …
Perceptions Of Pre -Service Elementary Teachers About Social Studies Instructional Activities And Content Areas, Philip H. Adkins
Perceptions Of Pre -Service Elementary Teachers About Social Studies Instructional Activities And Content Areas, Philip H. Adkins
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study was designed to investigate perceptions held by pre-service elementary teachers about instructional activities and content areas for the social studies. Four major questions were addressed: (1) What do respondents perceive to be the classroom activities with the most educational value? (2) What do respondents believe students find to be the most enjoyable activities? (3) What do respondents say are the classroom activities they would most prefer to use at the various grade levels? and (4) What do respondents say are the most preferred content areas for elementary social studies?;The sample for this study consisted of 80 pre-service elementary …
Effects Of Gender And Social Support On Cardiovascular Reactivity To A Speech Task, Lynda M. Ciano-Federoff
Effects Of Gender And Social Support On Cardiovascular Reactivity To A Speech Task, Lynda M. Ciano-Federoff
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The effects of gender and social support on cardiovascular reactivity to a speech task were examined in this study. Seventeen males and seventeen females performed a speech task, once in the presence of an experimenter with their significant other present offering encouragement and support and once in the presence of the experimenter alone. Both blood pressure (i.e., systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP)) and hemodynamic parameters (i.e., heart rate (HR), cardiac output (converted to cardiac index, CI), stroke volume (converted to stroke index, SI), and pre-ejection period (PEP)) were measured during the speech tasks. In addition, total peripheral resistance (TPR) was …
Linking Functional Assessment With Diagnostic Classification: Development Of Functional Assessment Methodology, Cynthia Marie Anderson
Linking Functional Assessment With Diagnostic Classification: Development Of Functional Assessment Methodology, Cynthia Marie Anderson
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Much of the assessment conducted by behavioral health providers is nomothetic in nature. For example, a primary goal of many clinicians is to determine the diagnostic category that best fits a given client. This is problematic because simply knowing what diagnosis best fits a client does not necessarily lead to an effective treatment decision. In contrast to a nomothetic approach to assessment, behavior analysis emphasizes idiographic assessments. One example is a functional assessment. The purpose of a functional assessment is to determine the environmental variables of which behavior is a function. Although functional analyses are relatively common within the developmental …
Experiential Avoidance And Alcohol Dependence Relapse, Darrah Ann Westrup
Experiential Avoidance And Alcohol Dependence Relapse, Darrah Ann Westrup
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This project examined whether experiential avoidance differentiated alcohol-dependent relapsers from non-relapsers. Eighty-five subjects receiving inpatient addiction treatment were assessed for degree of experiential avoidance (using a new measure called the AAQ, coping style, alcohol severity, anxiety, and depression. It was hypothesized that the AAQ, along with avoidant coping and negative life events, would differentiate those who subsequently relapsed with those who did not. Three months after discharge, subjects were contacted for follow-up to determine whether or not they had relapsed, and to what degree they had experienced negative and/or positive life events. A series of discriminant function analyses determined that …
Verbal Aggression In Sibling Relationships, Shannon Marie Brogan
Verbal Aggression In Sibling Relationships, Shannon Marie Brogan
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The major focus of this study was to further investigate the area of sibling verbal aggression. In order to research this area, students at West Virginia University and their siblings were asked to complete a questionnaire about verbal aggression. The results showed that self-reports of verbal aggression were consistent with other reports. Results also showed that male same sexed siblings were more likely to display more verbal aggression than all other combinations. Results revealed that males self-reports of verbal aggression were higher than females. Results also indicated that males are reported by their siblings to be more verbally aggressive than …
Social Competence And Theory Of Mind Understanding In Elementary School Children With Attention Deficits, Amy Wilson Strange
Social Competence And Theory Of Mind Understanding In Elementary School Children With Attention Deficits, Amy Wilson Strange
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The following study explored relations between theory of mind understanding, social competence, and auditory processing in elementary school children with and without Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Children in this study were recruited from a local elementary school, as well as two outpatient clinics. Scores on measures of false belief and recursive thinking, social skills (Social Knowledge Interview, Harter, Emotion labels), and auditory processing (Test of Auditory Processing Skills, Revised) were obtained along with teacher ratings of children's self-regulation as measured by Attention and Hyperactivity subscales of the Conners' Teacher Rating Scale - Revised. Language ability was also measured using the …
Adult Age Differences In Vocabulary Acquisition As A Function Of Individual Differences In Working Memory And Prior Knowledge, Lisa L. Laumann
Adult Age Differences In Vocabulary Acquisition As A Function Of Individual Differences In Working Memory And Prior Knowledge, Lisa L. Laumann
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Older adults often complain of cognitive difficulties, such as the inability to learn new information or recall previously learned information. Previous research shows that many older adults do have difficulties with certain learning tasks. However, not all older adults experience these difficulties. Some recent research has shown that, contrary to popular belief, older adults can learn new information under certain task conditions. The purpose of this investigation was to examine how older adults, compared against younger adults, learn new vocabulary under two different learning task conditions. Each participant engaged in two vocabulary learning tasks: a paired-associate task and a contextual …
The Implementation Of Learning Strategies In The Design Of An On-Line Medical Course Supplement, Lee Ann Hill
The Implementation Of Learning Strategies In The Design Of An On-Line Medical Course Supplement, Lee Ann Hill
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Given the charge of integrating technology in the medical school curriculum, faculty members are faced with the challenge of designing new materials for their courses. Often, these materials become on-line resources such as hypermedia and electronic communication. Strategies may assist students who are unfamiliar with on-line materials to use such materials more effectively. This study investigated the elaborative interrogation strategy used in conjunction with on-line materials to promote more efficient processing of difficult material. Twenty second-year medical students volunteered to participate in the study. The course in which they were enrolled required the use of an on-line lecture supplement. The …
The Evaluation Of Research For Promotion And Tenure: An Organizational Perspective, Elsa G. Nadler
The Evaluation Of Research For Promotion And Tenure: An Organizational Perspective, Elsa G. Nadler
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The literature on promotion and tenure in institutions of higher education includes a substantial amount of research on various aspects of faculty productivity. Yet other research concentrates on the organizational structure of higher education. In his 1986 book, Burton Clark called for research that would examine how what he called the enterprise (the local university as opposed to the statewide system) and departments within it interact in important arenas.;This dissertation takes up Clark's challenge to examine the interaction of enterprise and department in promotion and tenure in three areas: goals, structure and operations. Content analysis of faculty handbooks from 25 …
The Role Of The Special Education Administrator As Perceived By Principals, Superintendents, And Special Education Administrators In West Virginia, Katherine Leary Porter
The Role Of The Special Education Administrator As Perceived By Principals, Superintendents, And Special Education Administrators In West Virginia, Katherine Leary Porter
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study examined the expectations held by key administrative personnel within West Virginia public schools regarding the role of the special education administrator. Existing differences in perception of the administrative functions of the special education administrator in West Virginia among and within groups of superintendents, principals, and special education administrators were investigated. Forty administrative tasks organized into seven administrative activities were examined in order to identify potential areas of conflict between the school system administrators. The responses analyzed pertained to both the perceived performance and the perceived importance of each administrative task.;The West Virginia school personnel that participated in this …
Using Impedance Cardiography To Examine Changes In Hemodynamic Parameters During Heart Rate Biofeedback, Jeffrey Louis Goodie
Using Impedance Cardiography To Examine Changes In Hemodynamic Parameters During Heart Rate Biofeedback, Jeffrey Louis Goodie
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Reducing cardiovascular responses to stressors may help to reduce one's risk of developing cardiovascular disease. The present study examined the underlying hemodynamic changes that accompany heart rate (HR) response reduction to a stressor following HR feedback training. Twenty-five healthy college males were assigned to either a HR feedback training group (FB+) or a control group (FB--) and were presented with a videogame and mental arithmetic challenge, as HR, blood pressure, and impedance cardiography-derived measures were recorded. During the training sessions, the FB+ group received HR feedback and the FB-- group was not provided with HR feedback while playing the videogame. …
Theory Of Mind Development And Executive Functioning In Elementary School Children, Dana Lee Futoran
Theory Of Mind Development And Executive Functioning In Elementary School Children, Dana Lee Futoran
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The following study explored the role of verbal ability and executive functioning in theory of mind understanding in elementary school children. Scores on measures of language comprehension, verbal ability (sentence memory, and forward digit span), matrix completion, executive functioning (backward digit span), and second-order theory of mind tasks were obtained. Partial correlations of the measures controlling for age revealed verbal ability to be significantly correlated with theory of mind comprehension. A regression analysis demonstrated that auditory language comprehension was the only variable, in addition to age, that explained unique variance in performance on a recursive thinking task. Possible explanations are …
The Relationship Of Disease Severity, Health Beliefs, And Medication Adherence Among Hiv Patients, Xin Gao
The Relationship Of Disease Severity, Health Beliefs, And Medication Adherence Among Hiv Patients, Xin Gao
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Purpose. To investigate the relationship of disease severity, health beliefs, and medication adherence among HIV/AIDS patients.;Results. Seventy-two HIV patients were enrolled. There were no significant differences in patients' perceived severity of HIV/AIDS and perceptions of benefits and barriers of the treatment across three disease stages. However, patients who had greater experience with the disease (stage C) perceived a higher risk to develop complications if they were not adherent compared to asymptomatic patients (stage A). Results also revealed that patients in stage B and C were more adherent to their medications compared to patients in stage A when regimen complexity was …
Empty Pleasures, Phyllis Leverich Evans
Empty Pleasures, Phyllis Leverich Evans
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
My work examines the ways we covet extravagant objects in Western society. I explore the vain and the humble veneration of status symbols, mementos, and personal icons. Through a satire of pompous display, I critique our society's fixation on materialism.;I use a digital process to mimic commercial eye-catching tactics in my ersatz copies of pre-Modern decorations. Although my work mocks the uncultivated tastes of mainstream America, its pursuit of formal harmony and sentiment is sincere. My objects are machine produced, but they act as icons to manifest poetic sentiment.;Playful as it appears, the work cynically reflects the distorted bourgeois values …
Effects Of Nicotine On Content Of Corticotropin Releasing Factor (Crf) In Rat Amygdala, Hypothalamus And Brain Stem, Sibonisiwe Ntini Masilela
Effects Of Nicotine On Content Of Corticotropin Releasing Factor (Crf) In Rat Amygdala, Hypothalamus And Brain Stem, Sibonisiwe Ntini Masilela
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Effects of 1.0 mg/kg and 0.4 mg/kg intraperitoneal nicotine on hypothalamic and extra hypothalamic levels of corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) were examined in 104 rats. CRF, a 41-amino acid peptide involved in responses to stress, fear and anxiety, influences the same neurotransmitter systems as nicotine, a psychoactive component of tobacco. Radioimmunoassays revealed that in macro-dissected hypothalami, 15 minutes treatment with 1.0 mg/kg nicotine significantly increased CRF content compared to no treatment. The 1.0 mg/kg dose did not elicit effects in macro-dissected amygdala and brain stem. With 0.4 mg/kg nicotine, no significant effects were observed in micro-dissected hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, amygdaloid …
Modifying Risk Perceptions Of Japanese University Students Using A Culturally Compatible Mode Of Instruction, Susan F. Walsh
Modifying Risk Perceptions Of Japanese University Students Using A Culturally Compatible Mode Of Instruction, Susan F. Walsh
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Japanese university students who come to the United States present a particular challenge to universities to teach them about their risks to personal property. The usual method of delivering this message, a lecture during the orientation period, may not be the most effective way of presenting the information due to their limitations in understanding English. It was hypothesized that a manga, or comic book, would be an effective and culturally compatible mode of instruction.;A manga was developed and was tested on a group of incoming Japanese freshmen. Forty students (12 females, 28 males) were divided into two groups. One group …
An Examination Of The Perceived Leadership Styles Of Kentucky Public School Principals As Determinants Of Teacher Job Satisfaction, Karen Marie Bare-Oldham
An Examination Of The Perceived Leadership Styles Of Kentucky Public School Principals As Determinants Of Teacher Job Satisfaction, Karen Marie Bare-Oldham
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study was designed to determine the leadership style of Kentucky school principals as perceived by Kentucky public school teachers. The study then measured the job satisfaction of the Kentucky public school teachers and examined the significant relationship between leadership style and teacher job satisfaction. The design and the findings of the study are as follows.;From the population of 40,000 teachers as identified by the teacher certification unit of Kentucky's State Department of Education, a random sample of 500 (250 elementary and 250 secondary) was chosen. Each teacher received a packet which contained the Leader Behavior Description Questionnaire ( LBDQ) …