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Articles 1981 - 2010 of 3022
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Using The Social Cognitive Theory To Investigate Physical Activity In Middle-Aged And Older Married Couples: A Dyadic Perspective., Brian J. Ayotte
Using The Social Cognitive Theory To Investigate Physical Activity In Middle-Aged And Older Married Couples: A Dyadic Perspective., Brian J. Ayotte
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Research suggests that physical activity is positively associated with mental and physical health outcomes for adults of all ages. However, despite concerted effort to increase the activity levels of adults, the rates of adults who engage in regular physical activity remain low. The present study had two primary objectives: (a) to examine dyadically the role of self-efficacy and spousal self-efficacy in the amount of physical activity in which middle-aged and older adults engage, and (b) to test the full social cognitive theory in terms of how well it explains the variance in physical activity in a sample of middle-aged and …
An Investigation Of Student Characteristics' Influence On Retention At A Two-Year Proprietary Career College., Lisa Boice
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Many students who enroll in higher education fail to complete their credential. This is especially true for students enrolled in two-year proprietary colleges where almost half leave without meeting their educational goals. Students at these institutions are largely underprepared and mostly nontraditional; their attrition has dire consequences for not only their own success, but that of society as well. Because most two-year students who drop out of college do so in their first year, early identification and intervention strategies are critical for student accomplishment and graduation. The purpose of the study was to uncover key retention issues that students face …
Mathematics Vocabulary Instruction For Current Non-Proficient Students With And Without Ieps: A Study Of Three Methods Of Instruction., George D. Brown
Mathematics Vocabulary Instruction For Current Non-Proficient Students With And Without Ieps: A Study Of Three Methods Of Instruction., George D. Brown
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purpose of this experimental study was to determine which of three methods of vocabulary instruction, including the common approach method, a combination of the common approach method and keyword method, and a combination of the common approach method and the keyword/illustration method of instruction was most effective in teaching mathematics vocabulary over the course of two mathematical units. Grade eight students (N=60) from two rural middle schools who scored at the basic level on the 2006 Maryland School Assessment (MSA) in mathematics and reading participated in this experimental study. Students with individualized education plans (n=24) and regular education students …
An Analysis Of Word Structure Knowledge In Preservice Teacher Preparation Programs., Keely Camden
An Analysis Of Word Structure Knowledge In Preservice Teacher Preparation Programs., Keely Camden
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
As the focus in special education shifts to a response to intervention model of early and intensive reading instruction, special emphasis is given to given to the explicit teaching of word structure knowledge in the various research-validated reading programs and reading strategies used in the classroom. The current research, a mixed-methods study, examined the word structure knowledge infused in four teacher preparation programs. Preservice teachers in general education and special education completed tests of word structure knowledge tests designed by Dr. Spear-Swerling. Additionally, course syllabi were analyzed and faculty interviewed regarding the nature and extent of specific word structure knowledge …
The Emerging Geographies Of Work And Identity: Exploring Alternative Employment Strategies And Work Subjectivities Of Women With Multiple Sclerosis (Ms)., Kimberly Lynne Cordingly
The Emerging Geographies Of Work And Identity: Exploring Alternative Employment Strategies And Work Subjectivities Of Women With Multiple Sclerosis (Ms)., Kimberly Lynne Cordingly
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive disorder of the central nervous system producing a varied range of symptoms affecting physical, cognitive, and sensory functioning. The variability and unpredictability of impairments, their duration and intensity on a day to day basis, and ongoing health impacts present formidable challenges to securing and maintaining employment. Research suggests, despite having recent and extensive work histories, as many as 70-80 percent of individuals with MS are unemployed after diagnosis. For women with MS, the challenge of negotiating paid and non-paid work responsibilities often leads to difficult choices about how to navigate these changing lifeworlds. For …
Smoking As A Maladaptive Method Of Weight Control In Female College Students: Perceived Negative Health Effects And Weight Control Properties., Melissa M. Garrison
Smoking As A Maladaptive Method Of Weight Control In Female College Students: Perceived Negative Health Effects And Weight Control Properties., Melissa M. Garrison
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Women are at great risks for smoking-related health consequences. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths among women in the United States. A relationship exists between smoking behavior and weight control in women. Women are more likely to smoke to control their weight and experience higher relapse and dropout rates in smoking cessation programs due to issues of weight concern. The most effective smoking cessation programs are those that contain a cognitive behavioral component that addresses issues of weight concern in conjunction with the standard smoking cessation treatment. However, women are still experiencing high relapse and dropout rates …
The How's And Why's Of Fashion-Costume Design Process For "A Flea In Her Ear"., Trevor Bowen
The How's And Why's Of Fashion-Costume Design Process For "A Flea In Her Ear"., Trevor Bowen
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This document describes and analyzes the design and construction process for the 2006 production of A Flea in Her Ear by the West Virginia University Division of Theatre and Dance. This document is written in partial fulfillment of a Master of Fine Arts degree in Costume Design. This document will break down the research, design work, construction process and paperwork needed to create the costumes seen onstage.
Mining History: Extracting Qualitative And Quantitative Resources For The Discovery Of Appalachian Cultural Landscapes., Hannah Leigh Cole
Mining History: Extracting Qualitative And Quantitative Resources For The Discovery Of Appalachian Cultural Landscapes., Hannah Leigh Cole
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
he most recent trend in historic preservation has led many in the field to pay attention to cultural landscapes as historic resources. Considering buildings, structures, or objects within a given spatial and physical setting, or landscape, endows them with historic significance and context that would be absent if viewed individually. While this is somewhat of an expansive approach to the built environment, this trend in historic landscape interpretation still does not account for all types of resources that one finds in the field. A fragmentary landscape is a cultural landscape defined by three characteristics: 1) the presence of buildings, structures, …
Managing Welfare Stigma From The Other Side Of The Desk: A Look At Rural Tanf Caseworkers., Sarah L. Hartzell
Managing Welfare Stigma From The Other Side Of The Desk: A Look At Rural Tanf Caseworkers., Sarah L. Hartzell
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Welfare recipients have always been stigmatized. The welfare reform legislation of 1996 reflects widespread attitudes and stereotypes of welfare recipients, which are translated into the structure of state welfare programs and are carried down through the administration to the welfare caseworker—the “face” of welfare for recipients. Literature on welfare stigma has focused on clients, but not their caseworkers. Using qualitative methods, this paper presents a Goffmanian analysis of the effects of welfare stigma on these caseworkers, who not only interact with clients in their jobs everyday, but who also implement a stigmatizing social program. The caseworkers in this study constructed …
Before The Acts: The Romantic Sublime, Gender, Art, And The Modern In Virginia Woolf's "Between The Acts"., Erin K. Johns
Before The Acts: The Romantic Sublime, Gender, Art, And The Modern In Virginia Woolf's "Between The Acts"., Erin K. Johns
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
A moment that fills a person with awe, terror, agony, and silence is the simplest way to describe Edmund Burke s conception of the sublime, which stems from the Greek rhetorician, Longinus, and undergoes philosophical critique by Immanuel Kant. The male poets of the British Romantic period, like William Wordsworth, P.B. Shelley, and John Keats, created a literary conversation critiquing Burke s binary of the beautiful and the sublime. Although the sublime is often grounded among these poets, the contemporary critic, Anne K. Mellor, argues for a feminist reading of the sublime, which centers around female writers of the Romantic …
Effects Of Acceptance, Distraction, And Sensory Monitoring On Acute Pain And Attention., Brandon N. Kyle
Effects Of Acceptance, Distraction, And Sensory Monitoring On Acute Pain And Attention., Brandon N. Kyle
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Research has consistently shown a relation between attention and the experience of pain. Pain disrupts and demands attention, interfering with the ability to direct attention to other stimuli in the environment. Yet, various studies of pain management strategies, including studies which have yielded mixed results for the strategy of distraction, often have not specifically examined the relation of pain management, attention, and pain behavior. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of different pain management strategies and the relation between strategy efficacy and attention in a laboratory pressure pain-induction experiment. Using 96 college undergraduates, the study employed …
Ngos As Agents Of Historical Change: A Comparative Study Of Violence Against Women In Argentina And Brazil., Nicolette M. Wilhide
Ngos As Agents Of Historical Change: A Comparative Study Of Violence Against Women In Argentina And Brazil., Nicolette M. Wilhide
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study examined the issue of violence against women in Latin America as it is addressed by non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in the region. A comparison was done with NGOs that work with violence against women in Argentina and Brazil from the 1990’s to the present day to establish if the efforts of these groups have had a positive impact given recent statistical increases. Historical background was given on the nature and severity of violence against women in these two nations. International and national conferences as well as domestic changes in legislation were examined in comparison to the historical trajectory of …
Sex Differences In Cardiovascular Reactivity: Influence Of The Gender Relevance Of A Social Task., Matthew C. Whited
Sex Differences In Cardiovascular Reactivity: Influence Of The Gender Relevance Of A Social Task., Matthew C. Whited
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study investigated sex differences in cardiovascular response to interpersonal stressors in an attempt to determine whether the match or mismatch between sex of participant and genderorientation of the interpersonal stressor resulted in greater cardiovascular reactivity. Twenty-six men and 31 women engaged in two tasks, a masculine oriented task previously used in investigations of cardiovascular reactivity that involved interpersonal conflict and a feminine task, a newly developed interpersonal task that required comforting of another. Results did not support either the match or the mismatch hypothesis. Instead, women exhibited greater heart rate reactions across both tasks than men. In addition, the …
Evaluation Of "I Am Moving, I Am Learning" Trainings - A Measure Of Change In Obesity Awareness, Obesity Prevention, And Movement Knowledge., Brandon S. Williams
Evaluation Of "I Am Moving, I Am Learning" Trainings - A Measure Of Change In Obesity Awareness, Obesity Prevention, And Movement Knowledge., Brandon S. Williams
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study examines participants’ change in knowledge before and after attending a childhood obesity training event. A pre-post assessment scale was used to measure and compare knowledge scores among participants of both two and three-day events. The questionnaire included seven subscales of content delivered during the training sessions. These included: training goals and movement guidelines, general obesity knowledge, general movement knowledge, assessing and evaluating children’s motor skills, and three subscales specifically on the movement workshops in the training. This study consisted of 78 personnel working for the Office of Head Start or Women, Infants and Children (WIC) enrolled in one …
An Aging Population: Relationships Between Motivations, Facilities And Services, Participation And Socio-Demographics In Outdoor Recreation., Karen Faye Robinson
An Aging Population: Relationships Between Motivations, Facilities And Services, Participation And Socio-Demographics In Outdoor Recreation., Karen Faye Robinson
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purpose of this study was to examine the outdoor recreation behavior of Oregon’s aging population, including their motivations, degree of participation and the affect facilities and services have on their outdoor recreation intentions. A stratified random sample of Oregon residents was drawn of Oregon residents, and a mail-back questionnaire was chosen to sample those individuals. Information gathered included their level of outdoor recreation participation, importance of motivations, the affects of facilities and services items and socio-demographic variables. Data collection took place in the summer of 2006 and of the 4,562 surveys mailed, 1,219 surveys were returned revealing a 31% …
The Effects Of Utilizing A Preshot Routine And Deep Breathing On Reducing Performance Anxiety And Improving Serving Performance Among Youth Tennis Players., Brandyn H. Fisher
The Effects Of Utilizing A Preshot Routine And Deep Breathing On Reducing Performance Anxiety And Improving Serving Performance Among Youth Tennis Players., Brandyn H. Fisher
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Support for the use of preshot routines and deep breathing in youth sport is limited, yet the available research in this area suggests that this skill can be useful for improving performance and reducing anxiety in youth athletes (Lidor & Singer, 2000; Mamassis & Doganis, 2004). The aim of this study was to determine the effects of preshot routine and deep breathing interventions among youth tennis players. Six male and female tennis players ages 9-11 participated in this study. Participants completed the Children’s Form of the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2C; Stadulis, Eidson, MacCracken, & Severance, 1995) and performed a …
Stress Perceptions In Occupational Therapy Students: Traditional Versus Distance Education., Amanda Kessler Rogers
Stress Perceptions In Occupational Therapy Students: Traditional Versus Distance Education., Amanda Kessler Rogers
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Increased stress is a common problem in students enrolled in medical and allied health college programs. The negative effects of stress can result in physical and psychological illnesses, in addition to negatively impacting a student’s academic performance. The purposes of this study were to (1) determine the stress level of the occupational therapy students, (2) determine the social provisions (social support) experienced by the students, and (3) determine the relationship between stress levels and various predictors, such as marital status and grade level. The sample of convenience (n= 69) included 54 traditional and 15 distance education occupational therapy students enrolled …
Sexual Objectification, Self-Objectification, Self-Efficacy, And Female Identity Development: A Preliminary Study, Kathleen Reilly Coffers
Sexual Objectification, Self-Objectification, Self-Efficacy, And Female Identity Development: A Preliminary Study, Kathleen Reilly Coffers
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Sexual and self-objectification, self-efficacy and identity status were investigated using data collected from undergraduate and graduate classes from West Virginia University. Subjects were 267 females, ages 18--23. The four variables were measured as follows: (a) Cultural Sexual Objectification Questionnaire, (b) Self-Objectification Questionnaire, (c) Self-Efficacy Scale and (d) Extended Version of the Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status. Cronbach's Alphas were performed on all measures with good to adequate reliabilities (.69 through .89), with the exception of the identity diffusion subscale which resulted in marginal reliability (.57). Chi-square analyses performed for sexual and self-objectification in each of the four identity statuses …
Effectiveness Of "Counseling As A Related Service" In Hawaii's Public Schools As Measured By The Behavior Assessment System For Children, Second Edition (Basc-2), Gregory A. Lobb
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study examined the effectiveness of "counseling as a related service" in Hawaii's public schools by examining the improvement on a teacher rating scale and also examining counseling minutes received by these same students. This study utilized 346 students receiving Level 4 and Level 5 services who were first refereed for "counseling as a related service" during the first quarter of 2055. Improvement is measured using the Behavioral Assessment System for Children, Second Edition (BASC-2) (Reynolds & Kamphaus, 2004). Findings revealed that counseling interventions indicated statistically significant change in T Scores on the BASC-2 from Pre assessment to Post assessment. …
Evaluation Of A Tube Feeding Decision Aid For Substitute Decision Makers, Emily H. Bower
Evaluation Of A Tube Feeding Decision Aid For Substitute Decision Makers, Emily H. Bower
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Substitute decision makers may be in a position to make "preference-sensitive" decisions for their patient, including whether to approve tube feeding. The present study evaluated the only known tube feeding decision aid for substitute decision makers (Mitchell, Tetroe, & O'Conner, 2001). Sixty adults completed a pre-questionnaire, read an active control brochure (control group) or decision aid (experimental group), and completed a post-questionnaire. Both groups demonstrated increased knowledge and decisional conflict at post-test, although the experimental group had higher scores in both. Participants who were either in favor or against tube feeding at pre-test rarely changed their decision at post-test. Control …
The Effect Of Student Self -Described Learning Styles Within Two Models Of Teaching In An Introductory Data Mining Course, Matthew A. North
The Effect Of Student Self -Described Learning Styles Within Two Models Of Teaching In An Introductory Data Mining Course, Matthew A. North
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This dissertation examines the roles of learning styles and teaching methodologies within a data mining educational program designed for non-Computer Science undergraduate college students. The experimental design is framed by a discussion of the history and development of data mining and education, as well as a vision for its future.;Data mining is a relatively new discipline which has grown out of the fields of database management and data warehousing, statistics, logic, and decision sciences. Over the course of its approximately 15 year history, data mining has emerged from its genesis within the academic and commercial research and development arenas to …
Child Distress During Immunization: The Influence Of Child And Parent Individual Difference Variables, Melissa Demore
Child Distress During Immunization: The Influence Of Child And Parent Individual Difference Variables, Melissa Demore
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Routine childhood immunization injections result child distress, which may have lasting negative effects on children, parents, and staff, and impact adherence to schedules of immunization. Aims of the current study were to (a) examine the role of child and parent individual difference variables in relation to child immunization distress, and (b) determine whether child distress predicts future immunization schedule adherence.;Parents of 50 children (aged 12--18 months) attending a visit to a pediatric medical clinic for purposes of immunization completed measures of child temperament, parent psychopathology, immunization beliefs, and prior medical distress of the child. Child distress during the immunization injection …
Navigating The Ethical Quandaries Of Wraparound Multi -Systemic Treatment (Mst): A Comparative Study Between In -Home And Outpatient Therapies, Joseph M. Roberts
Navigating The Ethical Quandaries Of Wraparound Multi -Systemic Treatment (Mst): A Comparative Study Between In -Home And Outpatient Therapies, Joseph M. Roberts
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Multisystemic treatments (MST) have become a significant force in the mental health community over the past decade. Yet, scant literature is available in regards to differing ethical considerations that may arise when working outside of a traditional office setting. The current research reviewed key ethical issues within the therapeutic relationship (i.e., confidentiality, dual roles), and extended the discussion to pertinent, often unrecognized issues endemic to in-home service modalities (i.e., confidentiality, role confusion, client diffusion, and unintentional witnessing).;More specifically, this research examined whether certain ethical violations are perceived to occur less frequently in outpatient settings compared to in-home settings. It was …
Relationship Between Self-Esteem And Academic Achievement Among College Undergraduates, Jennifer Lynn Geletko
Relationship Between Self-Esteem And Academic Achievement Among College Undergraduates, Jennifer Lynn Geletko
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The author investigated the relationship between undergraduates' self-esteem, current cumulative grade point average, race, and gender. A sample of 160 undergraduate students from West Virginia University completed the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. In addition, the participants completed a demographic page, which included questions about their race, gender, and grade point average. The author assessed the relationship by performing a three way analysis of variance between the variables. In addition, Chi Square tests and correlations were run to test any further relationships. The results showed no correlation between self-esteem and grade point average. There were no significant main effects for gender or …
American Standard, John A. Pascarella
American Standard, John A. Pascarella
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The work included in my MFA thesis exhibition entitled " American Standard" examines our role as narrative-based individuals within the American culture. In this current body of work I use the photographic image as a director uses the medium of film (moving image). Location scouting, casting, lighting, directing, editing, and processing all become intricate parts of the work, all to lead to a single solitary frozen moment in time that I believe creates a story. Story as created not in a fictional sense, but more in the vein of creative non-fiction, as the stories I tell come from a personal …
The Effects Of Social Bond And Neutralization On Juvenile Drug Usage, Adam Shields
The Effects Of Social Bond And Neutralization On Juvenile Drug Usage, Adam Shields
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of social bond and neutralization on juvenile drug usage. Part I of the Evaluation of the Gang Resistance Education and Training (G.R.E.A.T.) Program in the United States (1995-1999) was used for the data analysis. When controlling for other variables, the data revealed that juveniles who accept neutralization of stealing and juveniles who are involved with other delinquent peers are more likely to use illegal drugs. In addition, the data revealed that an adolescent's gender was significant in determining drug usage. The results generally support Hirschi's (1969) Social Bond Theory, and …
Development Of An Animal Model Of Choice Between Aversive Events, James W. Diller
Development Of An Animal Model Of Choice Between Aversive Events, James W. Diller
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The present study examined variables controlling choice between aversive events using pigeons as subjects. Initially, a titration procedure using variable-interval (VI) schedules of food and shock delivery contingent on keypecking was conducted to determine a moderately aversive shock intensity and duration. Subjects were then presented with a choice between food delivery followed by either a single shock or three shocks in a discrete-trials procedure. The change in context affected the aversiveness of the shock. In the VI condition, shock presentation resulted in 40-60% decrease in response rates. In the discrete-trials procedure, however, responding was "all-or-none." Thus, an attempt to redetermine …
Intense Training In Sport: Monitoring The Effects On Immune Function And Mood State, Michelle Bartlett
Intense Training In Sport: Monitoring The Effects On Immune Function And Mood State, Michelle Bartlett
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
To enhance and optimize sport performance, athletes are training at increasingly higher levels of intensity, volume and frequency. When increases in any of these areas of training are not accompanied by adequate recovery, over time, decrements in performance and physical/psychological maladies can result. Consequently, the purpose of this study was to monitor five competitive swimmers during a swimming season in two of the potential areas in which an adverse response to training may appear: the immunological parameter of mucosal immune function and the psychological parameter of mood state. Each parameter was assessed once per week over the seven weeks of …
Conduct Disorder And Future Substance Abuse: Factors Affecting Drug Treatment Outcome, Matthew E. Goldfine
Conduct Disorder And Future Substance Abuse: Factors Affecting Drug Treatment Outcome, Matthew E. Goldfine
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Prior research has demonstrated a relation between Conduct Disorder (CD), its severity (total number of symptoms), and substance use disorder (SUD). The current study examined 105 opioid dependent adults for a history of CD and treatment outcome characteristics over a 16 week SUD treatment program. Results demonstrate the effects of CD in regards to poorer improvement of summed Addiction Severity Index composite scores and amphetamine use. Improvement in cocaine use was found to be associated with a CD diagnosis. CD severity was found to lead to poorer improvement as measured by psychiatric impairment and alcohol intoxication. However, participants with increased …
The Association Between Aggressive Behaviors And Academic Self-Esteem Of Preschool Children, Chrische' Marie Walker
The Association Between Aggressive Behaviors And Academic Self-Esteem Of Preschool Children, Chrische' Marie Walker
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The intent of this study was to investigate the association between preschooler's aggressiveness behavior and their academic self-esteem in the classrooms. The participants in this study consisted of 63 preschoolers who attended the West Virginia University Laboratory Nursery School or the Pierpont Christian Preschool during the school year of 2005-2006. The preschoolers were rated by their teachers at each school on their student initiative, social attraction, success/failure, social attraction, self-confidence on the Behavioral Academic Self-Esteem Scale (BASE) and their aggressiveness with peers on the Child Behavior Scale (CBS).;Results of the study indicated that the preschooler's academic self-esteem and aggressive behaviors …