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Market Perceptions For Expanded Opportunities Of Central Appalachian Hardwoods, Liberty Olea Moya
Market Perceptions For Expanded Opportunities Of Central Appalachian Hardwoods, Liberty Olea Moya
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study investigated how to improve the market potentials of Appalachian hardwoods, specifically within West Virginia. Some Appalachian hardwoods could serve as alternative species for producing various value-added wood-based products. Efficient utilization of these species can lead to reduced manufacturing and consumer costs of major hardwood products. The main objectives of the study included: identifying the major products derived from Appalachian hardwoods, evaluating current and future market trends, and identifying the potential for using hickory as a substitute material in wood products. Additionally, factors that influence both local and international community's wood product purchasing decisions (e.g. price, eco-label certifications, image, …
Factors Affecting Orthodontic Adherence In Appalachia, Breana M. Phillips
Factors Affecting Orthodontic Adherence In Appalachia, Breana M. Phillips
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Orthodontic intervention enhances not only esthetics and psychosocial health, but also improves the function of the human dentition. Many insurance programs now offer orthodontic coverage; however, proper adherence and good oral hygiene habits are poor among those Appalachian individuals undergoing orthodontic care. This research study was conducted to determine the contributing factors in poor orthodontic compliance in Appalachia. Investigators completed a retrospective chart review, assessing inactive orthodontic patients from 2007-2012 at a private practice in North Central West Virginia. The general dentist at this rural office practices both general dentistry, as well as, orthodontics. Information regarding demographics, form of payment, …
Receiver Operating Characteristics Of The Cap Lie Scale And Correlates Of Impression Management In Parenting Capacity Evaluations, Ryan J. Anderson
Receiver Operating Characteristics Of The Cap Lie Scale And Correlates Of Impression Management In Parenting Capacity Evaluations, Ryan J. Anderson
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the Child Abuse Potential L scale with a heterogeneous sample of caregivers referred for parenting capacity evaluations. One aim of the study was to assess the measurement properties of the L scale. A second aim was to evaluate the discriminative validity of the L scale by way of its receiver operating characteristics. A third aim of the study was to examine potential correlates of desirable responding on the L scale. The findings from this study provide new information about the psychometric properties of the CAP L …
The Social Context Of Smoking: Measuring Social Capital Among College Students, Traci Dawn Jarrett
The Social Context Of Smoking: Measuring Social Capital Among College Students, Traci Dawn Jarrett
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Social capital is an ecological theory that explains access to resources as a result of social relationships between individuals and communities. The appeal of social capital across scientific disciplines, including public health, lies in its ability to account for multiple individual and ecological factors in relation to health outcomes, economic and social disparity, and social empowerment as a result of social connections. However, scientists do not agree on the most appropriate indicators of social capital, and a panel of experts tasked with developing a methodological approach to measure social capital indicate that measurement should be context specific. Currently, there are …
The Association Of Social Anxiety And Parenting Factors With Adolescent Use Of Facebook, Brian Creasy
The Association Of Social Anxiety And Parenting Factors With Adolescent Use Of Facebook, Brian Creasy
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Computers and the Internet play a substantial role in how adolescents communicate with one another. Social networking websites, in particular, are a popular medium used by adolescents in which users can develop and maintain a large number of relationships from a single profile page. Facebook represents one of the most widely used social networking websites; however, little is known about the types of factors that are associated with the way in which adolescents use it. The present study examined the association of social anxiety and parenting with adolescent Facebook use. One hundred and sixty-two adolescents between the ages of 16 …
Risk Perception Among Sexually Abused Female Adolescents, Andrea M. Jones
Risk Perception Among Sexually Abused Female Adolescents, Andrea M. Jones
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Previous research investigating risk recognition in female victims of child sexual abuse has focused on college-aged women and young adults to the exclusion of adolescent females, who are just entering the stage where dating and sexual relationships are becoming important. Research with college-aged women and young adults has demonstrated that women with a history of child sexual abuse are less likely to detect risk cues in social environments. Understanding how adolescents perceive risky situations is important in preventing the trajectory from child sexual abuse to later adult victimization. It also is important to understand deficits in risk perception across a …
Instructional Leadership For Middle School Students With Disabilities In The General Education Classroom: The Role Of The Principal, Jeremy M. Lynch
Instructional Leadership For Middle School Students With Disabilities In The General Education Classroom: The Role Of The Principal, Jeremy M. Lynch
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Instructional leadership is the most important responsibility of today's principal, and no other group of students is in need of an effective instructional leader more than students with disabilities. Effective instructional leaders, especially for students with disabilities, create a supportive learning environment and school culture that promotes the education of all students. Furthermore, effective instructional leaders are knowledgeable of effective instructional strategies and promote the use of such strategies by communicating with and supervising educators. The purpose of this multiple case study was to provide a detailed description of instructional leadership for students with disabilities in an average school system …
Vocal Variability In Autism Spectrum Disorders: Assessment And Intervention To Increase Novel Vocalizations In Non-Verbal Children, Allison Serra Tetreault
Vocal Variability In Autism Spectrum Disorders: Assessment And Intervention To Increase Novel Vocalizations In Non-Verbal Children, Allison Serra Tetreault
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are disorders characterized by repetitive and stereotyped behavior. Research shows that these behaviors interfere with typical development and with the acquisition of new skills, including vocal communication. For many children with ASD who are unable to imitate others and who have limited vocal repertoires, few vocal training interventions are available. Research on operant variability, however, indicates that the direct reinforcement of varied sounds may create a larger set of vocal responses. This enlarged response class could then be used to shape functional vocal communication. In the first of three studies, the existing vocal repertoires of 10 …
Developing A Practical Consumable Reinforcer For The Experimental Analysis Of Human Operant Behavior, Emily Hill Morris
Developing A Practical Consumable Reinforcer For The Experimental Analysis Of Human Operant Behavior, Emily Hill Morris
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Two projects tested the reinforcing efficacy of a reduction in effort associated with a computer-based laboratory task. In both projects, college students could earn points exchangeable for money by working on an Imposed task or, by executing a changeover response, they could earn the points on an Alternate task. Of interest was whether access to the Alternate task would reinforce the changeover response. In Project 1 the students tracked a moving target on the screen. In the Imposed task the target was programmed to move faster and change directions more frequently relative to the target in the Alternate task. Despite …
Predicting Emergency Dental Care Over A Decade: Investigating Dental Care-Related Fears In Symptomatic Treatment-Seeking Behavior, Cameron L. Randall
Predicting Emergency Dental Care Over A Decade: Investigating Dental Care-Related Fears In Symptomatic Treatment-Seeking Behavior, Cameron L. Randall
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Avoidance of dental care, resulting from fear and anxiety, has major implications for oral and overall health. For instance, untreated oral disease may exacerbate cardiovascular disease and diabetes, among other systemic health concerns (Williams et al., 2008). In the USA, 5-10% of adults avoid necessary dental treatment because of dental care-related fear (Milgrom et al., 2009). The long-term goal of this project was to improve our understanding of psychosocial barriers to oral health care. Specifically, the study aimed to examine the relation between dental care-related fears, fear of pain, and dental beliefs in a rural, Appalachian population and to determine …
Evaluation Of Treatment Integrity Errors On Mand Acquisition, Sacha T. Pence
Evaluation Of Treatment Integrity Errors On Mand Acquisition, Sacha T. Pence
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Manding (requesting) is a vital component of successful language development and allows children to access reinforcers in their environment. When training mands, caregivers may not implement the training program as designed ("treatment integrity failures"). The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effects of incorrect-item delivery (Experiment 1) and response-independent item delivery (Experiment 2) across four levels of treatment integrity (0%, 40%, 70%, and 100%) on mand acquisition. A total of six children (three in each experiment), who communicated vocally using full sentences and engaged in some independent manding participated in the study. During Experiment 1, two of …
Pharmacological Characterization Of An Optimized Sigma Receptor Ligand, Michael Seminerio
Pharmacological Characterization Of An Optimized Sigma Receptor Ligand, Michael Seminerio
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Methamphetamine is an addictive psychostimulant drug with an increasing prevalence of abuse worldwide. Recent evidence has linked methamphetamine exposure to a wide array of neurological complications some of which lead to neurodegenerative changes in the brain and hyperthermia. Currently, there are no FDA approved pharmacologic agents to treat the effects of methamphetamine. Recent evidence has suggested methamphetamine may, in part, produce some of its effects through sigma receptors making them a potential target for pharmacological intervention. While our lab has shown a number of selective sigma receptor ligands can provide neuroprotection against the neurotoxic and behavioral effects of methamphetamine, limitations …
A Study Of Best Practices For The Recruitment And Retention Of Resident Directors, Patricia L. Cendana
A Study Of Best Practices For The Recruitment And Retention Of Resident Directors, Patricia L. Cendana
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
A resident director is an entry-level, student affairs professional staff member that resides within a college or university residence hall. The resident director provides developmental experiences for students who live in on-campus housing. The resident director interacts with students around the clock throughout the semester. Unlike other entry-level professional staff, who return to the sanctity of their home at the end of the work day, the resident director's responsibilities for the welfare of their students do not end until the semester is over and the students have moved out. Resident directors assume responsibility for insuring that all residential needs, in …
Identification Of Early Behavioral Markers Of Anxiety And Social Withdrawal In Preschool Children, Chelsea M. Ale
Identification Of Early Behavioral Markers Of Anxiety And Social Withdrawal In Preschool Children, Chelsea M. Ale
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study examined an observational method for identifying specific behaviors to indicate social anxiety and social withdrawal in preschool children. During an interaction task with a novel adult, 28 children (ages 4 and 5) were observed for specific verbal and non-verbal behaviors (i.e., total utterances, commands, questions, unsolicited conversation, direct responses, eye gaze aversion, non-verbal response, physical distancing, freezing, smiling ) and global behaviors (i.e., shyness, volume or speech, and postural rigidity), theoretically relevant to early childhood social anxiety. Behaviors observed during the interaction task were examined in relation to the parent-reported Spence Preschool Anxiety Scale's social anxiety subscale (Spence, …
Rules Of The Game: Effects Of A Game-Based Metaphor On Instructional Activity Design And The Use Of Student Mentors On Learning Outcomes In A Middle School General Science Class, Angie Dowling
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study investigated the effects of a game-like environment on instructional activity design and the use of student mentors on learning outcomes in a middle school general science class. The participants for this study were 165 students, ages 13-14 years old, who were enrolled in 8th grade at a mid-Atlantic middle school. Two research questions were used to conduct the research:;1. Can science content be designed and successfully delivered instructionally using a game-like learning environment?;2. Does the use of student mentors/assistants help direct and maintain the flow of the class away from the technological issues toward the necessary learning outcomes …
The Relationship Between Temperament And Facets Of Creativity, Clark Daniel Pinson
The Relationship Between Temperament And Facets Of Creativity, Clark Daniel Pinson
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purported association between mental illness and creativity has been most heavily researched in individuals diagnosed with a bipolar disorder. The bipolar disorders have been conceptualized as a spectrum of disorders that range from problematic and labile affect to different types of temperament. Temperament has classically been defined as elements of personality that are heritable, stable, based on emotion, and uninfluenced by socio-cultural learning. Contemporary literature suggested that at least some aspects of creativity may be enhanced by an affective range that has been best characterized by the milder part of the bipolar spectrum of disorders. The primary inquiry of …
Maintaining Physical Activity Levels Of Teachers In A Summer Intervention, Meghan A. Phillips
Maintaining Physical Activity Levels Of Teachers In A Summer Intervention, Meghan A. Phillips
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Schools are in a premier position to promote physical activity programs with students, faculty and staff, and the surrounding community. Since individuals of working age spend a significant portion of their lives in their work environment the workplace potentially represents a convenient, efficient, and effective access point to the individual (McGillivray, 2005). One recent suggestion in the literature discusses the need for physical education teacher education programs to help make physical educators Sport, Physical Activity, and Fitness Education Specialists (Bulger & Housner, 2009). This new role would place physical educators as potential leaders in schools for the promotion of a …
Rhetorical Bridges: How Rhetoric Affects The Gap Between Knowledge And Behavior Change, Allison Matlack Pranger
Rhetorical Bridges: How Rhetoric Affects The Gap Between Knowledge And Behavior Change, Allison Matlack Pranger
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Health-communication campaigns have long operated according to the belief that individuals can be persuaded to change hazardous health practices through education about the risks or benefits of certain behaviors. Health-communication scholars and practitioners have ascribed to a theory of behavior change that posits acquiring knowledge about certain health issues leads to changes in attitudes and, ultimately, changes in personal health practices. Over the past decade, however, scholars have identified a KAP-gap, as they often see a wide gulf between an individual's Knowledge and Attitudes and his or her health Practice. Recently, rhetorical scholars have begun to view this KAP-gap through …
Negative Reinforcement By Timeout From Avoidance: The Roles Of Discriminative Cues, Shock-Frequency Reduction, And Response-Effort Reduction, Anne M. Foreman
Negative Reinforcement By Timeout From Avoidance: The Roles Of Discriminative Cues, Shock-Frequency Reduction, And Response-Effort Reduction, Anne M. Foreman
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Timeout from avoidance is an effective reinforcer, but the reason is not firmly established. Rats responded on concurrent schedules of avoidance and timeout. Pressing the right lever postponed shocks according to a schedule with a response-shock interval of 30 s and a shock-shock interval of 5 s, and pressing the left lever produced 2-min timeouts according to a variable-interval 45-s schedule. To assess the roles of shock-frequency reduction, response-effort reduction, and signals in varying the reinforcing efficacy of timeout, three experiments were conducted. In Experiment 1, to assess the point at which the reinforcing efficacy of the timeouts would be …
Ap Relationship Of The Maxillary Central Incisors To The Forehead In Adult Korean Females, Jung Mee Kim
Ap Relationship Of The Maxillary Central Incisors To The Forehead In Adult Korean Females, Jung Mee Kim
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Objectives: To evaluate and compare the anteroposterior relationship of the maxillary central incisors to the forehead in adult Korean females with harmonious profiles and in adult Korean female orthodontic patients. Methods: Ninety five photographic images of adult Korean females with good facial harmony (control group) were compared with 95 photographs of adult Korean females seeking orthodontic treatment (study group). All images were of the face in profile with the maxillary central incisors and the forehead in full view. The images were imported into Adobe Photoshop(TM) and resized and rotated to the upright head position. Reference lines were constructed to assess …
Uncertainty Considerations With The Grim, Eric L. Everts
Uncertainty Considerations With The Grim, Eric L. Everts
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Refractive index has been chosen as a comparison technique in glass analysis for many years. Hidden in this comparison is a quantitative measurement that requires the assessment of uncertainty. In this experiment, refractive index was performed on 63 samples from 41 sources of glass. Pairwise comparisons were calculated to illustrate the difference between using a conventional approach like standard deviation to using uncertainty. The amount of pairwise comparisons more than tripled from standard deviation to uncertainty showing the need to consider all possible sources of uncertainty in a refractive index measurement.
Metonymic, Thomas Stollar
Metonymic, Thomas Stollar
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This thesis intends to support and describe Metonymic, a Masters of Fine Arts exhibition. The exhibition was the result of recorded introspection during the month of January 2012. Metonymic (Image 1)* aimed to highlight the importance of seemingly meaningless everyday occurrences, feelings, and emotions on the growth of one's personality. Ultimately the exhibition emphasizes the abstract nature of human personality, and its unimaginable complexities. *Please refer to dissertation for diagrams.
Dating Anxiety And Paternal Dating Rules, Chad S. Brice
Dating Anxiety And Paternal Dating Rules, Chad S. Brice
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Dating anxiety is a specific type of social anxiety individuals experience in the presence of dating partners or potential dating partners that disrupts typical romantic development during adolescence. The etiological factors that contribute to dating anxiety have been less researched than other presentations of anxiety so the present research aimed to further explore potential contributors based on etiological factors related to other anxiety disorders. Many parent variables have been associated with anxiety disorders including parental anxiety, overcontrol, and fear-conditioning. In regard to dating, fathers have been shown to be more controlling and restrictive than mothers in their rule use. The …
Potential Empathy Deficits, Motivations, And Desistence In Traditional And Cyber Bullies, Colleen M. Keelan
Potential Empathy Deficits, Motivations, And Desistence In Traditional And Cyber Bullies, Colleen M. Keelan
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Bullying is a serious phenomenon that includes behaviors conducted in a variety of mediums, including face-to-face (i.e. traditional bullying) and through technology (i.e. cyberbullying). This study examined differences between traditional bullies and cyberbullies in empathy deficits, motivation to engage in bullying behavior, and reasons for desistence of bullying behavior. The Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire was used to assess traditional bullying whereas the Internet Experience Questionnaire was used to assess cyberbullying. In a sample of 288 college students, there was no significant differences in total empathy, affective empathy, or cognitive empathy, between traditional bullies (N = 41), cyberbullies (N = 48), victims …
Age, Expertise, And The Sunk-Cost Fallacy, Tara E. Karns
Age, Expertise, And The Sunk-Cost Fallacy, Tara E. Karns
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The present study is an investigation of age and expertise differences in the sunk-cost fallacy (SCF), the phenomenon of basing one's decision on past investments rather than the future consequences and/or benefits. The current study used a procedure which required participants to answer sunk-cost vignettes and to justify their answers to the vignettes. Results revealed that demonstration of the SCF decreased with age: young adults demonstrated the fallacy the most frequently and older adults demonstrated it the least frequently. An age by expertise interaction was identified for normatively correct decisions: expert young adults made more normatively correct decisions than naive …
Effects Of Reinforcer Magnitude And D-Amphetamine On Delay Discounting In Rats, William J. P. Reilly
Effects Of Reinforcer Magnitude And D-Amphetamine On Delay Discounting In Rats, William J. P. Reilly
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Delay-discounting procedures are commonly employed to study impulsive choice, which can be defined as choice for a smaller, more immediate reinforcer over a larger, more delayed reinforcer. Differences in reinforcer magnitude have been shown to alter delay discounting with human participants, but results have been mixed with non-human animals. It is also unclear what impact the absolute difference between a smaller, more immediate and a larger, more delayed reinforcer has on choice in a delay-discounting context. Therefore, in Experiment 1 of the present study, effects of different reinforcer magnitudes on delay discounting in rats were examined using a discrete-trials procedure …
State Supervisors' Perceptions Of Teacher Efficacy Regarding Alternatively Certified/Licensed Secondary Agriculture Teachers, Joshua E. Rice
State Supervisors' Perceptions Of Teacher Efficacy Regarding Alternatively Certified/Licensed Secondary Agriculture Teachers, Joshua E. Rice
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purpose of this study was to identify state supervisors' perceptions of teacher efficacy regarding alternatively certified/licensed secondary agriculture teachers. The researcher focused on state supervisors' perception of alternatively certified/licensed teachers' efficacy in relationship to classroom/laboratory, supervised agriculture experience programs, and the National FFA organization. The researcher chose to conduct descriptive survey. Forty five states expressed that they offered alternative certification/licensure (N = 45). The population consisted of all state supervisors of agriculture educators as listed by the 2010-2011 approved list from the American Association for Agricultural Education and the National Association of Supervisors of Agricultural Education. State supervisors disagreed …
Influence Of Parent-Child Communication Styles On Social Anxiety: Observation During A Film Discussion Task, Jonathan M. Ortega
Influence Of Parent-Child Communication Styles On Social Anxiety: Observation During A Film Discussion Task, Jonathan M. Ortega
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study sought to examine the relation between levels of child social anxiety and parenting communication styles, specifically parental control and criticism verbal behaviors, during a film discussion task. Additionally, the current study examined the influence of discussion instructions (unstructured vs. structured) and content of film clips (social performance, friendships and family dynamics) on parent-child dyad responses and children's perception of threat respectively. A total of 26 parent-child dyads participated in the study, with 25 dyads (23 mothers (M age = 40.3), 2 fathers (M age = 48), 15 girls (M age = 9.7), 10 boys (M age = 10.2)) …
The Word And The World: The Activist Spirit In American Literature, 1968-1998, Jason M. Stupp
The Word And The World: The Activist Spirit In American Literature, 1968-1998, Jason M. Stupp
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
In The Word and the World: The Activist Spirit in American Literature , 1968-1998, I argue that some American authors confronted what Audre Lorde calls the "triumphs and errors" of the 1960s by producing literature that conceptualizes methodologies of resistance within sustainable models of community organization. Instead of succumbing to the inherent cynicism of the postmodern era, this literature encourages readers to adopt activist practices and to remain vigilant against oppressive government actions that intrude on civil liberties. Referring to selective works by Thomas Pynchon, Don DeLillo, Norman Mailer, Charles Johnson, Alice Walker, Toni Morrison, and Lorde, among others, I …
Principles Of Learner Autonomy In Action: Effects And Perceptions In A College-Level Foreign Language Class, Heiko Everwien Ter Haseborg
Principles Of Learner Autonomy In Action: Effects And Perceptions In A College-Level Foreign Language Class, Heiko Everwien Ter Haseborg
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study was designed to investigate how college learners of a foreign language perceived learner autonomy, its effects on student motivation, and its benefits to different parts of language learning. It utilized a mixed-methods design. Participants were 90 undergraduate students in German courses of different levels. During the course of instruction, principles of learner autonomy were implemented in the instruction. Qualitative as well as quantitative data were collected in the form of a self-assessment survey, learning journals, reflective statements, and an autonomous learning survey. The analysis was focused on (1) how students perceived the ability to make autonomous learning choices, …