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Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

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Board Out Of Your Mind: Mapping Players' Mental Models Of Game Systems And Potentials For Systems-Thinking Instruction, Joe A. Wasserman Jan 2016

Board Out Of Your Mind: Mapping Players' Mental Models Of Game Systems And Potentials For Systems-Thinking Instruction, Joe A. Wasserman

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Despite evidence that game-based instruction is effective, and suggestive evidence that they are specifically effective for teaching systems thinking---the ability to think about complex systems---the mechanisms behind this learning are not well understood. One promising perspective on game-based learning is rooted in the development of mental models of game systems. Mental models are cognitive representations of the perceived entities and relationships between entities in a system. This study explores the entities and entity relationships in novice players' mental models of an analog game. Grounded, interpretive analysis of mental models externalized through cognitive mapping identified five categories of entities: formal game …

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Effect Of Narrative Structure Of Animated Movies On Esl Learners' Recall And Comprehension Of Stories, Noriza Abu Hassan Shaari Jan 2016

Effect Of Narrative Structure Of Animated Movies On Esl Learners' Recall And Comprehension Of Stories, Noriza Abu Hassan Shaari

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study aimed at expanding the examination of a narrative structure by using short 2D short animated movies in an ESL learning (L2) environment. Employing an experimental design, this study investigated whether there was an effect of narrative structure that was sequenced in a linear, a simple non-linear and a complex non-linear manner on ESL learners' recall and comprehension of stories. The independent between-groups ANOVA yielded a statistically significant effect on recall and comprehension. As a summary, the result of this investigation found that there was an effect of narrative structure of animated movies on ESL learners' recall and comprehension …

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Adolescent Health Risk Behaviors: An Examination Of The Co-Occurrence Of Risk Behaviors In A National Sample Of U.S. High School Adolescents, Halima Ahmadi-Montecalvo Jan 2016

Adolescent Health Risk Behaviors: An Examination Of The Co-Occurrence Of Risk Behaviors In A National Sample Of U.S. High School Adolescents, Halima Ahmadi-Montecalvo

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Introduction: Research on the health status of United States' youths has shown that the main adolescent health threats result from behavioral choices (health risk behaviors) that place boys and girls at risk for leading causes of morbidity and mortality. The aims of this study were to examine the co-occurrence of health risk behaviors and determine patterns of the co-occurrence of risk behaviors that may differ based on sex (aim 1); the association of health risk behaviors with weight status (aim 2); and the association of tobacco use, poor dietary habits, physical inactivity, and sedentary behavior among adolescents using nationally representative …

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Risk Of Newly-Diagnosed Depression, Treatment And Its Economic Outcomes Among Elderly Medicare Beneficiaries With Incident Breast, Colorectal Or Prostate Cancer, Monira Mansour Alwhaibi Jan 2016

Risk Of Newly-Diagnosed Depression, Treatment And Its Economic Outcomes Among Elderly Medicare Beneficiaries With Incident Breast, Colorectal Or Prostate Cancer, Monira Mansour Alwhaibi

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Depression is a highly prevalent chronic condition among the elderly cancer survivors. It is estimated that 5-25% of elderly cancer survivors suffer from depression. Depression co-existing with cancer is associated with many negative health consequences such as high mortality, poor health related quality of life and high healthcare utilization and expenditures. However, depression is treatable with pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy or combination of both. There are no studies that examine the variations in the risk of depression by cancer types and there are few studies that examined the rates of depression treatment among elderly with cancer. In addition, there is lack of …

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Pe Teachers' Perceptions Of Technology-Related Learning Experiences: A Qualitative Investigation, Jun-Hyung Baek Jan 2016

Pe Teachers' Perceptions Of Technology-Related Learning Experiences: A Qualitative Investigation, Jun-Hyung Baek

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Background/Purpose: Educational organizations, such as National Association for Sport and Physical Education (NASPE) and International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE), established technology-related standards indicating the knowledge and skills necessary for teachers to integrate technology. Such standards have challenged teacher education programs to restructure existing PETE program to prepare teachers to have knowledge, skills, and dispositions necessary for successful technology integration (Jones, Bulger, & Wyant, 2012). Yet, physical education (PE) teachers frequently reported that they still do not feel sufficiently prepared to incorporate technology into their classroom (Juniu, Shonfeld, & Ganot, 2013). Thus, the purpose of this study was to …

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Radioactive Masculinity: How The Anxious Postcolonial Learnt To Love And Live In Fear Of The Nuclear Bomb, Dibyadyuti Roy Jan 2016

Radioactive Masculinity: How The Anxious Postcolonial Learnt To Love And Live In Fear Of The Nuclear Bomb, Dibyadyuti Roy

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Radioactive Masculinity explores how the Cold War legacy, of nuclear weapons finding resonance in images of white maleness and masculinity, results in anxious hypermasculine performances. These discursive and physical masculine acts contingent on the symbolic and material power of nuclear weapons, I argue, represent radioactive masculinity, a form of hegemonic militarized masculinity, which is intrinsically linked to the concept of nationhood and sovereignty. This idealized masculinity is fluid and cannot be tangibly or materially realized, much like the constantly decaying radioactive bomb on which it is modeled. Through analyzing a wide range of artifacts from America and India, I show …

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Music Videos As Meaningful Entertainment? Psychological Responses To Audio-Visual Presentations Of Song Narratives, Lea Margarete Schlue Jan 2016

Music Videos As Meaningful Entertainment? Psychological Responses To Audio-Visual Presentations Of Song Narratives, Lea Margarete Schlue

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Combining auditive, visual, and textual elements in a unique way, music videos are currently one of the most popular and viral forms of entertainment media. Narrative music videos, in particular, engage their viewers by visually communicating the meaning of a song and its lyrics, which possibly employs them as a useful tool to communicate social, political and cultural messages to a broad audience, and implicates their social and cultural relevance. The purpose of this study was to test whether visual presentations of song narratives (as in music videos) foster a more transporting, engaging, enjoyable, and appreciative entertainment experience than listening …

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Four Days That Transformed Spain 11-M Impact On Memory Recovery Examined Through The Lens Of Duality, Thomas J. Divins Jan 2016

Four Days That Transformed Spain 11-M Impact On Memory Recovery Examined Through The Lens Of Duality, Thomas J. Divins

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This thesis studies the controversial aftermath of the Madrid terrorist attack of March 11, 2004 and how it impacted the history of memory and silence in Spain since the Spanish Civil War. The terrorist attack had surprising and significant short-term political impacts, which have been well documented by historians, political scientists, and journalists. However, surveying the attack aftermath through the lens of the history of duality in Spain has been less studied. The "lens of duality" is the viewpoint that Spain's history in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries can be explained as a clash between deeply-divided sectors within society which …

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A Case Of The Mundanes, Nathan Ditzler Jan 2016

A Case Of The Mundanes, Nathan Ditzler

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This written thesis is the supporting documentation for A Case of the Mundanes, my Master of Fine Arts thesis exhibition. The exhibition seeks to give a visual presence to the seemingly trivial and overlooked moments of everyday life. It contains six individual sculptures made of handmade ceramic forms, fabricated mixed media elements, and modified found objects. The intention of A Case of the Mundanes is to combine nuances of humor to bring lightheartedness to the foibles and anxieties found in everyday life. The exhibition combines familiar and surreal representations to explore the way in which an artwork's meaning can shift, …

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Does Mindfulness Reduce Attentional Negativity Bias And Depressive Symptoms?, Cameron Ford Jan 2016

Does Mindfulness Reduce Attentional Negativity Bias And Depressive Symptoms?, Cameron Ford

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Mindfulness has been associated with several psychological benefits such as reduced symptoms of depression (Brown, Ryan, & Creswell, 2007). However, the mechanism(s) by which mindfulness reduces depressive symptoms is unclear. The present research investigated one potential mechanism: attentional negativity bias. In two studies utilizing eye-tracking methodology, gaze patterns served as indicators of visual attention in order to examine the relations among attention, depressive symptoms, and mindfulness. In Study 1, there was some limited evidence that trait mindfulness was related to less attentional negativity bias. Specifically, trait mindfulness was related to more fixation duration and more fixations on positive images. However, …

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Platform Gratifications: Tinder Vs. Match.Com, Cassandra Lang Jan 2016

Platform Gratifications: Tinder Vs. Match.Com, Cassandra Lang

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This thesis examined user's experiences using dating applications by applying a uses and gratifications lens to investigate the gratifications of two different dating platforms. Specifically, this study drew upon past computer-mediated research to compare the gratifications obtained from a Tinder-like platform and a Match.com-like platform. The experiment found no significant differences between the gratifications levels of the two platforms types. However, female participants reported significantly lower levels of the "relaxation" gratification levels then males. The study also found identical ordinal gratification levels for the two platforms explored. The findings expand the study of mobile dating applications.

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Comprehensive Analysis Of The Atlantic Coast Natural Gas Transmission Line, William David Young Jan 2016

Comprehensive Analysis Of The Atlantic Coast Natural Gas Transmission Line, William David Young

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

New energy sources are needed to sustain our constant need for energy as well as the development of the next generation. The Atlantic Coast Pipeline is over 600 miles in length and will provide consistent, clean energy to the energy consumers in Virginia and North Carolina from natural gas production in the states of West Virginia, Pennsylvania, and Ohio. A detailed analysis was performed looking at modern pipeline construction as well as multiple studies to determine the economic, social, and environmental impacts of this transmission line. A theoretical study was also performed comparing how this transmission line would impact the …

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Conversion To Evangelical Christianity During College: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis, Meagan Alicia Brunson Jan 2016

Conversion To Evangelical Christianity During College: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis, Meagan Alicia Brunson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Psychology has a history of ignoring and pathologizing spiritual experiences. Many of the fathers of early psychology including Freud, Ellis, and Skinner modeled this trend. However, with the increasing awareness of the importance of multicultural factors as they relate to mental health, religion and spirituality have gained recognition in the professional literature. Research on religion and spirituality and college students has mainly consisted of survey studies collecting demographic data. The current study uses a qualitative research design to explore the experiences of college students who converted to Christianity during college. The guiding questions of this research pertain mainly to the …

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The Feasibility Of A Home Telenutrition Intervention For Weight Reduction In Men In West Virginia, Michelle Campion Jan 2016

The Feasibility Of A Home Telenutrition Intervention For Weight Reduction In Men In West Virginia, Michelle Campion

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Background: West Virginia (WV) has one of the highest national rates of obesity, especially among middle-aged men, and one of the lowest Registered Dietitian Nutritionist (RDN) ratios per capita. Providing nutrition advice via teleconferencing may allow obese WV middle-aged men to overcome access barriers that are preventing them from overcoming obesity. However, before large-scale interventions can be effectively conducted, the feasibility must be assessed.;Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of a home telenutrition weight-loss program using videoconferencing among obese men in WV. Feasibility is assessed through technical difficulties tracked throughout the intervention and through a …

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Endocannabinoid Modulation Of Secretory And Inflammatory Causes Of Gastric Pathology, Molly S. Crowe Jan 2016

Endocannabinoid Modulation Of Secretory And Inflammatory Causes Of Gastric Pathology, Molly S. Crowe

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are common analgesic drugs that also cause well-known, negative gastrointestinal (GI) side effects. The specific physiological mechanism(s) of NSAID-induced GI damage are unknown, and are likely due to multiple causes. The most studied components include: increased gastric acid secretions, inflammation of the gastric epithelium, and increased gastric motility. Currently, proton pump inhibitor (PPI) antacids are used by chronic NSAID users, with the expectation that decreasing gastric acid output will reduce gastric epithelial irritation. However, PPIs are associated with side effects like infection, gastric polyps, and dementia. Therefore, new gastroprotective treatments that prevent NSAID-induced gastropathy are needed. …

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Differences In School Climate Means: Exploring Contextual Factors Among A Sample Of Appalachian Youth, Shay M. Daily Jan 2016

Differences In School Climate Means: Exploring Contextual Factors Among A Sample Of Appalachian Youth, Shay M. Daily

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) provides a means for states to streamline current assessment systems and integrate multidimensional measures. The use of comprehensive measures (i.e. school climate) is important in understanding non-academic factors that influence the quality of a school. There are limited studies which describe how contextual factors influence the learning and behavior of students within demographically homogenous populations, especially from rural settings. Rural populations are characterized to have higher prevalence of multiple social, behavioral, and contextual characteristics that negatively affect their perception of school when compared to their urban counterparts.;The purpose of this study was to examine …

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Young Adult Daughters And Their Parents: Communication About Workcareer And Family, Rita Daniels Jan 2016

Young Adult Daughters And Their Parents: Communication About Workcareer And Family, Rita Daniels

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Employing adult daughters' (N = 254) perspectives of their communication, relational quality, and identities with and surrounding their relationships with parents, I bridge organizational and family communication's scholarship realms to address family socialization regarding work/career and family. Specifically, I examine: (a) the content and context of memorable messages about work and/or family; (b) the connection between daughters' closeness to parents and daughters' likelihood to transmit these messages; and (c) the impact of mothers' socialization messages about work/career and family on daughters' personal, relational, and enacted identities (identity layers within the Communication Theory of Identity (CTI; Hecht (1993)). Using both online …

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An Examination Of Collegiate Athletes', Undergraduate Sport Science Majors', And Athlete Majors' Intent To Pursue Collegiate Coaching As A Career, Lauren Deckelbaum Jan 2016

An Examination Of Collegiate Athletes', Undergraduate Sport Science Majors', And Athlete Majors' Intent To Pursue Collegiate Coaching As A Career, Lauren Deckelbaum

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Social cognitive career theory (SCCT) has been used to examine how various predictive variables impact an individual's career choice (Lent, Brow, & Hackett, 1994). SCCT has been applied within coaching education research to examine collegiate athletes interest and intent in collegiate coaching as a profession (Cunningham & Singer, 2010; Moran-Miller & Flores, 2011). This study expanded upon this research by examining non-revenue producing varsity collegiate athletes' (CA), sport science majors that are non-varsity collegiate athletes' (SSM), and varsity collegiate athletes in sport science majors' (AM) intent to pursue full-time collegiate coaching as a career. The results of the study found …

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Synergistic Modeling Of In-Vitro And In-Vivo Data Via Stochastic Kriging With Qualitative Factors (Skq), Behnam Dehghan Jan 2016

Synergistic Modeling Of In-Vitro And In-Vivo Data Via Stochastic Kriging With Qualitative Factors (Skq), Behnam Dehghan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The objective of this study is to model in-vivo propranolol plasma concentration after administrating oral propranolol extended-release (ER) tablets. In-vivo data are typically expensive and scarce. To save time and cost needed to achieve high-quality in- vivo profile, this work utilizes both in-vitro and in-vivo data.;The ensemble of in-vitro and in-vivo data is modeled by stochastic kriging with qualitative factors (SKQ). It treats in-vivo and in-vitro as the two distinct levels of a qualitative factor. By synergistically modeling both types of data, SKQ is able to provide fitted in-vivo profiles whose quality is much higher than those obtained from modeling …

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Beyond The What And How: Why Parents Want To Know About Their Adolescents' Lives., Elizabeth Yale Babskie Jan 2016

Beyond The What And How: Why Parents Want To Know About Their Adolescents' Lives., Elizabeth Yale Babskie

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

As adolescents spend more time away from home and increasingly engage in unsupervised activities, parents are challenged with allowing their children more responsibility while still promoting positive youth development (Smetana, Campione-Barr, & Metzger, 2006). Extant research shows that parents continue to play an important roll in facilitating positive adolescent development through their knowledge of what their adolescent children are doing and whom they are with when away from home or school (Racz & McMahon, 2011). Recent research has focused on understanding the sources of parents’ knowledge and has identified both parentdriven (rules, solicitation, indirect, covert) and adolescent-driven (disclosure, secrecy, concealment) …

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The Role Of Mindfulness, Self-Compassion, And Emotion Regulation As Protective Factors Against Disordered Eating In A Sample Of University Students, Lisa Paylo Meyer Jan 2016

The Role Of Mindfulness, Self-Compassion, And Emotion Regulation As Protective Factors Against Disordered Eating In A Sample Of University Students, Lisa Paylo Meyer

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Although eating disorders and related interventions have been heavily researched, less is known about potentially protective variables, including self-compassion, mindfulness, and emotion regulation. It is important to understand these constructs and their relationship to eating disorder symptoms because such factors may prevent these disorders in at-risk individuals and aid in more successful psychotherapeutic outcomes. Independent theories related to these variables and their relationship to disordered eating have been postulated, but not yet combined into a single model. In this study, 100 university students completed self-report surveys that were analyzed using a Path Analysis (PA) method. This method tested an integrated …

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Evaluating The Efficacy Of Various Modalities To Improve Arterial Stiffness, Corey Moore Jan 2016

Evaluating The Efficacy Of Various Modalities To Improve Arterial Stiffness, Corey Moore

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with an increase in cardiovascular (CV) mortality, partially due to arterial stiffening, which can be measured non-invasively via pulse wave velocity (PWV). Arterial stiffness is a clinically relevant CV marker of mortality, an increase in PWV by only 1 SD is associated with an increased CV risk of 15%. Land based aerobic exercise, both chronic and acute, has previously been identified as an effective method for improving arterial health. Unfortunately, land based aerobic exercise is not feasible for all populations, therefore a more effective treatment modality must be elucidated. Aquatic exercise has previously been shown …

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Attachment, Coping Style, And Perceived Stress In University Students, Erin L. Higgenbotham Jan 2016

Attachment, Coping Style, And Perceived Stress In University Students, Erin L. Higgenbotham

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Attachment theory suggests that previous experiences direct one's interpretations of potentially stressful events and one's reaction to these events. As university students interact with a novel environment and face new demands, they may experience elevated levels of stress. Dependent on what resources they feel are available to them, they might feel confident in addressing these challenges, or they may believe they cannot meet the demands of the college environment. This perception of ability or inability can affect personal and academic success. Using attachment theory as a foundation, this study investigated the relationships among students' attachment dynamics, coping styles, and perceived …

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Effects Of Anti-Viral Acute Phase Response On Hippocampal Glutamate Regulation, Holly C. Hunsberger Jan 2016

Effects Of Anti-Viral Acute Phase Response On Hippocampal Glutamate Regulation, Holly C. Hunsberger

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

A large body of clinical evidence suggests that viral infections in the periphery can exacerbate neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's, disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, and seizures. The underlying mechanisms of these conditions involve the activation of the acute phase response (APR), part of the innate immune system, which recognizes viral molecular patterns. As neighboring cells become infected, inflammatory mediators are released into the bloodstream and relayed to the central nervous system where they produce a "mirror" inflammatory response. To induce the APR, polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (PIC), a viral mimetic, is commonly used. PIC produces a robust and transient …

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Journeys Toward Reflective Practice: How Engaging In National Board Certification Influences Teacher Identities And Practices, Marylu Hutchins Jan 2016

Journeys Toward Reflective Practice: How Engaging In National Board Certification Influences Teacher Identities And Practices, Marylu Hutchins

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to explore the lived experiences of accomplished teaching practitioners by tracing the development of the teaching expertise of participants using a narrative inquiry frame. This allowed time and space for participants to engage in making meaning of the memories of lived teaching experiences. This perspective took into account the influence of the cultures and contexts in which the teacher was situated prior to, during, and after engaging in the National Board process. The implications of the study indicated engaging in continuous reflection enabled teachers to mitigate problems by framing and reframing practices. Educators at …

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The Challenges Faced By New Science Teachers In Saudi Arabia, Salman Alsharari Jan 2016

The Challenges Faced By New Science Teachers In Saudi Arabia, Salman Alsharari

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Growing demand for science teachers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, fed by increasing numbers of public school students, is forcing the Saudi government to attract, recruit and retain well-qualified science teachers. Beginning science teachers enter the educational profession with a massive fullfilment and satisfaction in their roles and positions as teachers to educating children in a science classroom. Nevertheless, teachers, over their early years of practice, encounter numerous challenges to provide the most effective science instruction. Therefore, the current study was aimed to identify academic and behavioral classroom challenges faced by science teachers in their first three years of …

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Diversity Outreach In Major League Baseball: A Stakeholder Approach, Shaun M. Anderson Jan 2016

Diversity Outreach In Major League Baseball: A Stakeholder Approach, Shaun M. Anderson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Despite the prevalence and magnitude of community engagement within professional sporting organizations, limited attention has been devoted to understanding the significance and impact of these activities to the success and survival of the organization (Garrard, 2007). Consequently, The focus of this dissertation focused on Major League Baseball (MLB) because this organization has established efforts for engaging individuals from diverse communities, but is still failing in their efforts of diversity and inclusion from an external stakeholder perspective. In 1989, MLB implemented programs (e.g., Reviving Baseball in Inner Cities (RBI), Urban Youth Academy (UYA) to help diversify their team roster and fan …

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Protecting The Shield: How The Nfl Frames An Organizational Crisis, Mel Anton Jan 2016

Protecting The Shield: How The Nfl Frames An Organizational Crisis, Mel Anton

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The National Football League (NFL) is a multi-billion-dollar organization that is constantly utilizing impression management techniques to craft its public image. Currently, the NFL is embroiled in what many refer to as the "concussion crisis." When the NFL discusses this issue, one of the most common impression management techniques used is framing and accounts. This research brings together these two concepts to study this issue. I have analyzed a sample of press releases from the NFL using qualitative content analysis. From this, I have found and defined some common frames used, when they are used, and then used accounts research …

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Applying Psychological Reactance Theory To Communication Between Adult Child Caregivers And Their Older Adult Parents, Hannah Ball Jan 2016

Applying Psychological Reactance Theory To Communication Between Adult Child Caregivers And Their Older Adult Parents, Hannah Ball

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Given the rapid growth of the older adult population in the US and the number of adult children providing informal care to their older adult parents, there is a need for a better understanding of how communication can be used to negotiate the tension between dependence and autonomy in these caregiving relationships (Egbert, 2014; Morgan & Hummert, 2000). Guided by psychological reactance theory (Brehm, 1966; Brehm & Brehm, 1981), which posits that individuals value their autonomy and are motivated to restore it when they perceive that it is being threatened, the purpose of this dissertation was twofold: (a) to explore …

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Examining Whether Time Orientation Mediates Or Moderates Age Effects On Goal Selection And Pursuit, Amy M. Knepple Carney Jan 2016

Examining Whether Time Orientation Mediates Or Moderates Age Effects On Goal Selection And Pursuit, Amy M. Knepple Carney

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Future time perspective has been studied in a number of domains and shown to influence the associations among age and a range of personal, health and social goals (Carstensen et al., 1999; Cate & John, 2007; Nurmi, 1992; Stahl & Patrick, 2012). However, the past and present also matter. It is likely that future goals are affected by our present feelings or behaviors (Lewin, 1939), as well as by our future orientation. What is not clear, however, is whether and in what ways past and present orientation relate to current goals and age. The aim of the current study was …

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