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Fourth Grade Elementary Students' Perception Of The Motivational Aspects Of Using Computers To Write In The "Student As Authors" Project, Karla Ribeiro De Assis May 2001

Fourth Grade Elementary Students' Perception Of The Motivational Aspects Of Using Computers To Write In The "Student As Authors" Project, Karla Ribeiro De Assis

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to describe fourth grade elementary students' perception of the motivational aspects of using computers to write in the "Student as Authors" Project. The following questions were answered in this research: (a) how do fourth grade students perceive the importance of computers in the "Students as Authors" Project? (b) what are the motivational aspects of using a computer to write in the "Student as Authors" Project from fourth grade students' perspective? The researcher used questionnaire, and interviews as modes of data collection. This study indicates that students consider computer important in the "Student as Authors" …

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Mass Media Framing Of Hip-Hop Artists And Culture, Marc Allen Rutherford May 2001

Mass Media Framing Of Hip-Hop Artists And Culture, Marc Allen Rutherford

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of the mass news media is to inform individuals and society of important issues and events of the day. This coverage is influenced by the reporter's background, experience, time constraints, and a host of other factors. The way a reporter chooses to cover a particular story gives the story its slant or frame. Examining a cross section of media outlets from around the country gives a more complete picture of how a story is presented to society as a whole. Media coverage of hip-hop culture and the artists associated with it on a national level has been decidedly …

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Mitigation Of Water Quality And Ecosystem Impacts Of Roadway Construction Through Retrospective Engineering Analyses, Jaime Monique Sayre May 2001

Mitigation Of Water Quality And Ecosystem Impacts Of Roadway Construction Through Retrospective Engineering Analyses, Jaime Monique Sayre

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

During the construction of a segment of Appalachian Corridor H between Buckhannon and Elkins, West Virginia, mine spoils and land use features related to historic mining were disturbed. An assessment of the water quality, benthic macro invertebrates, and fish populations was conducted to ascertain the condition of the water and to assess the biological productivity of Laurel Run, a tributary of the Tygart Valley River which runs parallel to Corridor H. The water quality and biological impairments were attributed to the ineffective vegetation of the spoils pile, which permitted water infiltration and thus, served as a source of metals and …

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Teaching Web Design At The Higher Education Level, Randall Franklin Mull May 2001

Teaching Web Design At The Higher Education Level, Randall Franklin Mull

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

For the latter half of the last decade the new phenomenon known as the Internet has taken over media and journalism in many ways. It has changed the way that news and information is delivered to the public. It has made people also perceive the media in a new way. The public now, more than ever, demands information fast and accurately.;That is why it is critical that students of journalism today learn about this new tool which they can use to their advantage. In order to address this need within the P. I. Reed School of Journalism a new course …

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Mutagenicity Of Root Canal Sealer Rsa Roekoseal Automix In The Ames Test, Joseph Anthony Wateska May 2001

Mutagenicity Of Root Canal Sealer Rsa Roekoseal Automix In The Ames Test, Joseph Anthony Wateska

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The mutagenic activities of the root canal sealers, RSA Roekoseal Automix and AHPIus, were tested in the bacterial gene mutation assay (Ames test). Both materials were tested immediately after mixing and after setting 24 h. The Salmonella typhimurium tester strains TA98 and TA 100 were used to detect the induction of frame shift mutations and base pair substitutions both in the presence and absence of a metabolically active microsomal fraction from rat liver (S9 fraction). No mutagenic or toxic effects were found with DMSO eluates of freshly mixed or 24h set RSA Roekoseal Automix. However, under extreme experimental conditions, DMSO …

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Computer Usage By Building -Level Administrators In West Virginia Public Schools, Kevin Gail Cain May 2001

Computer Usage By Building -Level Administrators In West Virginia Public Schools, Kevin Gail Cain

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

By gaining a better understanding of the general computer usage of building-level administrators, effective training programs can be designed to enhance the leadership roles of the school principal. Administrators, supervisors, directors, and program coordinators at the West Virginia Department of Education will be able to use the information found through this study to assist administrators in becoming more effective leaders within their respective schools. More effective leaders will lead to more effective schools. Further, the technologically literate principal will be better equipped to take on a more active role in the technological advancements at his/her respective school.;The purpose of this …

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Multimedia -Assisted Reading In Spanish And Its Relationship With The Cognitive Control Of Field Dependence And Field Independence, Laura Janes Little May 2001

Multimedia -Assisted Reading In Spanish And Its Relationship With The Cognitive Control Of Field Dependence And Field Independence, Laura Janes Little

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study examines the influence of the cognitive controls of field independence and field dependence on the use of a multimedia-assisted reading program and reading recall. The participants were 11 university students of intermediate Spanish as a second language. The participants were classified as field dependent or field independent based on GEFT scores. The participants read a passage about Mayan architecture that was converted to a multimedia-assisted format. Participants could access as many or as few of the multimedia aids as they chose. After completing the reading, a recall measure was obtained in which participants wrote everything they could recall …

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The Present Status Of Geography Education In Boys' Intermediate Schools Of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Abdulrahman Mohammed Al-Gahtany Jan 2001

The Present Status Of Geography Education In Boys' Intermediate Schools Of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Abdulrahman Mohammed Al-Gahtany

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to describe the present status of geography education in boys' intermediate schools in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia as perceived by geography teachers and supervisors; that is, to investigate the objectives, content, methods of teaching, tools and resources that are available and used in classrooms, evaluation techniques, and problems encountered in the teaching of geography. To collect data from this representative sample population, a questionnaire was developed by the researcher specifically for this study. Questionnaire data was collected from 19 social studies supervisors and 213 geography teachers. Percentages, frequencies, means, and standard deviations were computed for …

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The Effectiveness Of Argon Laser Irradiation Of Pumiced And Etched Enamel On Decalcification During Orthodontic Treatment: An In Vivo Study., Anissa Monseau Anderson Jan 2001

The Effectiveness Of Argon Laser Irradiation Of Pumiced And Etched Enamel On Decalcification During Orthodontic Treatment: An In Vivo Study., Anissa Monseau Anderson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Enamel decalcification is a significant problem in orthodontic patients. The argon laser has been shown to reduce decalcification during an acidic challenge in vitro. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of argon laser irradiation on decalcification under banded teeth during orthodontic treatment in vivo. Eight volunteers requiring four bicuspid extractions for orthodontic treatment were enrolled and each bicuspid was assigned a group. A specially designed plaque-collecting band was cemented on each tooth following the treatment and remained for five weeks. Treatment involved the following: Control (C)-no treatment prior to the band cementation, Pumice-lase (PL)-pumiced and lased …

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A Comparison Of The Effects Of Different Wavelengths Of Argon Laser Irradiation On The Solubility Of Human Enamel: An In Vitro Study., Bradley Fulton Kendzior Jan 2001

A Comparison Of The Effects Of Different Wavelengths Of Argon Laser Irradiation On The Solubility Of Human Enamel: An In Vitro Study., Bradley Fulton Kendzior

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Decalcification around orthodontic appliances is an ongoing problem during orthodontic treatment. Argon laser irradiation has been shown to decrease the solubility of enamel. The objectives of this study were to: 1) determine the length of time necessary to create lesions of adequate depth, an intact surface zone, and a distinct body of the lesion zone; 2) determine if different wavelengths of argon laser irradiation (457-501nm or 457 514nm) of non-pumiced and non-etched enamel provided different levels of resistance to demineralization; 3) determine if different wavelengths of argon laser irradiation (457 501nm or 457-514nm) of pumiced and etched enamel provided different …

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Trisomy 8 Mosaicism: Cell Cycle Kinetics And Distribution Of Trisomy 8 And Normal Cells In Embryonic And Extra-Embryonic Tissues., Bonnie J. Pettit Jan 2001

Trisomy 8 Mosaicism: Cell Cycle Kinetics And Distribution Of Trisomy 8 And Normal Cells In Embryonic And Extra-Embryonic Tissues., Bonnie J. Pettit

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Amniocentesis identified a fetus with trisomy 8 in one third of metaphase cells while remaining cells were normal. The purpose of this project was to determine the level of trisomy 8 mosaicism within embryonic and extra-embryonic tissues and cell cycle division rates for the two cell lines. Tissue samples collected at birth included cord blood, cord tissue, peripheral blood, and placental tissues. The level of trisomy 8 and normal cells was determined in G-banded metaphases and fluorescence in situ hybridization of interphase cells. Trisomy 8 metaphase and interphase cell investigations identified a significant decrease of trisomy 8 cells undergoing mitosis. …

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Manufacturing Security: Mass Media Coverage Of Depleted Uranium Weapon Use In Okinawa, Japan., Yoko Abe Jan 2001

Manufacturing Security: Mass Media Coverage Of Depleted Uranium Weapon Use In Okinawa, Japan., Yoko Abe

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Despite the reversion of Okinawa to Japan in 1972, thirty-eight U.S. military bases still remain in the prefecture. While the local residents’ entreaties to end their suffering from the consequences of the U.S. military presence remain strong, the U.S. and Japanese governments have adopted measures to maintain the U.S. military foothold. This study examined the viewpoints of six claimsmakers to illustrate an overlooked political process in the perpetuation of the U.S. military presence. The research applied a content analysis of newspaper articles appearing in the Okinawa Times following the disclosure of the U.S. Marine Corps’ use of depleted uranium weapons. …

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The Impact Of Statehood And Republican Politics On Women's Legal Rights In West Virginia, 1863-1872., Amanda Jean Ray Jan 2001

The Impact Of Statehood And Republican Politics On Women's Legal Rights In West Virginia, 1863-1872., Amanda Jean Ray

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

While the nation debated the rights of citizenship and freedmen’s rights, legislators in the newly formed state of West Virginia instigated a legal revolution in women’s rights in the state. During the nineteenth century a married woman suffered “civil death” upon marriage in that she became the property of her husband. Thus, laws governing divorce, dower, and married women’s property held an unparalleled amount of control over a woman’s daily life. Oftentimes, issues of who could marry and remarry; who gained custody of minor children; who was entitled to alimony, maintenance, insurance, and curtesy; who had the ability to sue …

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Fashion In The Classroom And Perceptions Of Attraction And Credibility., Ellen Louise Kapalko Jan 2001

Fashion In The Classroom And Perceptions Of Attraction And Credibility., Ellen Louise Kapalko

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to determine whether an instructor’s fashionableness has an impact on his or her students and perceptions of attraction, credibility, and affect. Participants were 113 students enrolled in introductory communication courses at West Virginia University. A pre-test was given to 14 graduate students who rated the photographs as being fashionable or unfashionable. 51 participants rated the fashionable photograph and 63 rated the unfashionable photograph for attraction, credibility, and affect. Results of this study showed that there were no differences in students’ perceptions of attraction, credibility, and affect between the fashionable and unfashionable instructor

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The Relationship Of Interviewer's Communication Behaviors And Applicant's Evaluation Of The Interviewer., Seft George Hunter Jan 2001

The Relationship Of Interviewer's Communication Behaviors And Applicant's Evaluation Of The Interviewer., Seft George Hunter

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The present study sought to explain the nature of the relationship between interviewers’ communication behavior (willingness to communicate, self-perceived communication competence, and socio-communicative style) and applicants’ perception of credibility (competence, trustworthiness, and goodwill), general attitude toward the interviewer and belief that the interviewer should continue interviewing for her/his company. Results indicated that: (1) there was a significant positive relationship between perceived WTC, competence, goodwill, trustworthiness, general attitude toward the interviewer, and belief that the interviewer should continue interviewing for her/his organization; (2) perceived communication competence was positively correlated with competence, goodwill, trustworthiness, general attitude toward the interviewer, and belief that …

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Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Decreases Lipopolysaccharide (Lps)-Induced Cell Death In Rat Alveolar Macrophages., William Scott Poling Jan 2001

Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Decreases Lipopolysaccharide (Lps)-Induced Cell Death In Rat Alveolar Macrophages., William Scott Poling

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is a potent anti-inflammatory neuropeptide that inhibits the function of activated macrophages, inhibits the production of proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α and enhances production of the antiinflammatory cytokine IL-10 in lipopolysacharide (LPS)-stimulated peritoneal macrophages. The present study describes the effect of VIP on cell death resulting from LPS exposure on rat alveolar macrophages in vitro. The experiments show that VIP attenuates cell death in LPS-treated alveolar macrophages. The results suggest that the anti-inflammatory action of VIP in LPS-treated lungs may be important in limiting pulmonary inflammatory responses to LPS

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Portraits Of The Songwriting Process In Elementary Classrooms, Sally Dhruva Stephenson Jan 2001

Portraits Of The Songwriting Process In Elementary Classrooms, Sally Dhruva Stephenson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study uses the qualitative research technique of portraiture to study the songwriting process in elementary classrooms. In chapter one, the author provides a theoretical framework for incorporating the arts and music in general education, and proposes to provide support for incorporating the creative process of songwriting into the elementary curriculum. Chapter two reviews the research literature on the educational and therapeutic uses of songwriting, and published examples of educational applications of songwriting. In chapter three, the methodology of portraiture is explained and four research settings are described, one each in Virginia, West Virginia, Tennessee, and Maryland. Two of the …

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Israel's 1982 Invasion Of Lebanon: Israeli Blunders, American Hypocracy, And Lebanese Selfishness., Lloyd Robert Coughenour Iv Jan 2001

Israel's 1982 Invasion Of Lebanon: Israeli Blunders, American Hypocracy, And Lebanese Selfishness., Lloyd Robert Coughenour Iv

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

On June 6, 1982, Israel invaded Lebanon. Defense Minister Ariel Sharon was the invasion’s planner. Some American officials backed the invasion, because the PLO and Syria had obtained weapons from the Soviets. The United States also had a history of aiding Israel. Nevertheless, America attempted to make peace between Israel and its enemies. The United States sent marines to Lebanon twice. On October 23, 1983, 241 Americans were killed in a bombing attributed to an Iranian-supported group. On February 8, 1984, President Reagan withdrew American forces to ships off shore. This paper discusses three aspects of the Israeli invasion of …

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El Realismo Mágico En La Vida De Tita De La Garza. (Análisis Histórico De La Novela Mexicana Como Agua Para Chocolate), Hugo Garcia Jan 2001

El Realismo Mágico En La Vida De Tita De La Garza. (Análisis Histórico De La Novela Mexicana Como Agua Para Chocolate), Hugo Garcia

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This research shows that mexican novel Like Water for Chocolate by Laura Esquivel belongs to the Magical Realism due to it contains several characteristics of this Latin American current such as syncretisms, myths, legends, and social problems like femenine repression. Furthermore, it is shown that Esquivel’s work is not light and does not imitate Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s work. In chapter 1 of this work, historical aspects within the novel are be analyzed such as slavery in the United States and the participation of women soldier, soldaderas,in the Mexican Revolution. In chapter 2, aspects of magical realism like sincretisms, myths, legends, …

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Social Exchange Theory, Interpersonal Communication Motives, And Volunteerism: Identifying Motivation To Volunteer And The Rewards And Costs Associated., Michael Wesley Corrigan Jan 2001

Social Exchange Theory, Interpersonal Communication Motives, And Volunteerism: Identifying Motivation To Volunteer And The Rewards And Costs Associated., Michael Wesley Corrigan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The research objective of this study was to identify the motives behind an individual’s reasons for volunteering and discuss the equilibrium of rewards versus costs needed in order to sustain and better manage volunteer staffs. The participants for this study were drawn from a sample population of 177 individuals from three states (Ohio, Pennsylvania and West Virginia) who actively participated as volunteers. The sample participants were active volunteers in six different organizations that assisted hospital patients, underprivileged or at-risk youth, church related concerns, schools, and other miscellaneous services. Answers to the research questions proposed in this study offered a start …

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Diversity, Abundance, And The Effect Of Bacillus Thuringiensis Var. Kurstaki Berliner And Gypchek™ On Larval And Adult Symphyta In Virginia And West Virginia, Rachel Ann Braud Jan 2001

Diversity, Abundance, And The Effect Of Bacillus Thuringiensis Var. Kurstaki Berliner And Gypchek™ On Larval And Adult Symphyta In Virginia And West Virginia, Rachel Ann Braud

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Eighteen 200 ha plots were established in the Monongahela National Forest (MNF), Pocahontas County, West Virginia, and in the George Washington National Forest (GWNF), Augusta County, Virginia. From 1995-1999 Malaise traps and foliage pruning were used to collect Symphyta adults and larvae. During 1997 and 1998, six plots each were aerially treated with nucleopolyhedrosis virus (Gypchek™) and Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki. The remaining six plots were left untreated. Adult Symphyta richness and abundance were studied using Malaise traps. Each plot contained two Malaise traps, located at different elevations, which were monitored from early May through mid-August of 1995 through 1999. …

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Consonance: Creating Pots, Inviting Intimacy., Holly Winterhalter Adams Jan 2001

Consonance: Creating Pots, Inviting Intimacy., Holly Winterhalter Adams

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This thesis documents my journey as a graduate student in ceramics. Refining my skills at the potter’s wheel and finding a clay body and glaze palette that suit my personal aesthetic have been the central focus of my graduate studies. My work is informed primarily by pots made during China’s Sung Dynasty, as well as from forms and textures I observe in the natural world. I strive to make work that celebrates the tactile qualities of clay, creates a sense of consonance between the user and the pot, and facilitates a change from our everyday, habitual awareness into a reflective …

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"Playing To The Cameras": The Presence Of An Entertainment Perspective In Political Panel Programming And The Implications Of Making Politics Palatable And Appealing., Marcus Edward Snyder Jan 2001

"Playing To The Cameras": The Presence Of An Entertainment Perspective In Political Panel Programming And The Implications Of Making Politics Palatable And Appealing., Marcus Edward Snyder

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The proliferation of political television talk shows as a modern media form appears to have had a profound influence on the dimensions and depth of public discourse. While the majority of these public affairs programs position themselves as forums for the serious discussion of consequential events and ideas, many media critics have suggested that these programs have diminished the quality of the national political dialogue by presenting and interpreting information according to television’s penchant for drama and amusement. Although public affairs programs have been the target of much criticism, their has been little academic exploration of the ways which these …

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The Ontogeny Of Myogenic Regulatory Factor Expression During Muscle Differentiation In The Biceps Femoris And Pectoralis Major Muscles Of The Chicken., Amy Gayle Sarver Jan 2001

The Ontogeny Of Myogenic Regulatory Factor Expression During Muscle Differentiation In The Biceps Femoris And Pectoralis Major Muscles Of The Chicken., Amy Gayle Sarver

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study was conducted to determine the temporal expression pattern of MRFs in satellite cells derived from the biceps femoris and pectoralis major muscles of the chicken. Clonal satellite cells were isolated, grown, and collected at 0, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, and 144 hours. mRNA from each timepoint was used in PCR to determine semi-quantitative levels of each MRF. mRNA levels were normalized to - actin and then analyzed by GLM procedure of SAS. MyoD and myf-5 were upregulated during proliferation (48 hours) and fusion (72 hours). Myogenin was upregulated during differentiation (96 and 120 hours). These expression patterns …

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Lifestyle Management: The Effects Of An Intensive Lifestyle Management Course On Behavioral, Psychological, Physiological, And Psycho-Behavioral Factors., Jeffrey Scott Pauline Jan 2001

Lifestyle Management: The Effects Of An Intensive Lifestyle Management Course On Behavioral, Psychological, Physiological, And Psycho-Behavioral Factors., Jeffrey Scott Pauline

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of an intensive one-week Lifestyle Management course on behavioral, psychological, physiological, and psycho-behavioral factors. The current study contained forty-five participants (N = 45) which included twenty-four individuals enrolled in the Lifestyle Management course (experimental group) and twenty-one matched individuals (control group). The experimental group experienced high-level wellness in the intensive one-week course of Lifestyle Management. The control group did not participate in the Lifestyle Management course or any other wellness course prior to the study. The experimental and control groups were evaluated at three time points: prior to entering the …

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The Impacts Of Technology On Interactivity In A Distance Learning Course., Christine Ann Peterson Jan 2001

The Impacts Of Technology On Interactivity In A Distance Learning Course., Christine Ann Peterson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study examined the impacts of technology on interactions in a distance learning course. This study was directed by three categories of research questions: (1) How does technology impact interactions overtime? (2) How does technology impact interactions at host versus remote sites? (3) How does technology impact interactions according to students' perceptions? The population consisted of 14 master's level students in a distance learning course delivered via video conferencing technology (two-way audio and video) at West Virginia University. The students were registered in a Family/Community/Rural Health Systems nursing course conducted during the summer, 2001. The course was delivered to two …

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"A Mad Intemperance...Of Building": The Literary Construction Of Early Modern London., Rachel Dawn Ramsey Jan 2001

"A Mad Intemperance...Of Building": The Literary Construction Of Early Modern London., Rachel Dawn Ramsey

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

My dissertation tracks the development of London's built environment through the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, identifying the shared conceptual and narrative techniques employed in building literature (construction manuals, architectural treatises, and urban improvement tracts) and in literature about buildings (plays, poems, and novels) to discuss the evolution, dissemination, and significance of contemporary debates over urban expansion, urban planning, and spatiality. The first two chapters examine how literary texts proved instrumental in shaping debates over London's urban expansion at key historical junctures: the late-sixteenth century when London's population explosion triggered a series of anti-building proclamations and during the rebuilding of London …

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An Analysis Of Quality Of Life, Income Distribution And Rural Development In West Virginia., James Obadiah Bukenya Jan 2001

An Analysis Of Quality Of Life, Income Distribution And Rural Development In West Virginia., James Obadiah Bukenya

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The term quality of life has been described as a vague entity (Grayson and Young, 1994) and conceptualizing it, has proved to be difficult. Nevertheless, understanding how individuals form their needs to create life satisfaction is important because these subjective evaluations determine life adjustment and mobility behavior and is the basis of demand for public actions. Additionally, more effective social programs can be designed based on the knowledge of how individuals form their needs to create life satisfaction and avoid problems that may result because the perceptions of the planners and policy makers do not always coincide with those of …

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Rocky Mountain National Park: History And Meanings As Constraints To African-American Park Visitation., Elizabeth B. Erickson Jan 2001

Rocky Mountain National Park: History And Meanings As Constraints To African-American Park Visitation., Elizabeth B. Erickson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study is to examine history and park meanings as constraints to visitation to Rocky Mountain National Park (RMNP) by the African-American community. Thirty-six one-hour interviews were conducted in Denver, Colorado with African-American participants who resided in the city. In addition eleven, fifteen-minute interviews were conducted with African-Americans while visiting Rocky Mountain National Park. Over the course of the interviews, participants discussed their current and past relationship with Rocky Mountain National Park, the meanings they ascribed to the park, and their perceived constraints to park visitation. Snowball sampling was used, the data was transcribed verbatim, and content …

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Putting West Virginia Middle Schools To The Test: Implementation Of Key Practices As A Predictor Of School Achievement., Thelma Mae Isaacs Jan 2001

Putting West Virginia Middle Schools To The Test: Implementation Of Key Practices As A Predictor Of School Achievement., Thelma Mae Isaacs

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to provide an accurate description of the status of middle schools in the state of West Virginia and to determine the relationship that exists between the degree of implementation of key middle level practices and school achievement level when controlling for school location, school size, student body socioeconomic status, and student body race/ethnicity. Seventy-eight West Virginia middle schools contributed data for the study. Each school principal completed the Survey of Middle School Implementation Levels, which was used to measure the degree of implementation of key middle level practices. School achievement data, aggregated to the …

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