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Articles 1381 - 1410 of 2808
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Evaluation Of Arsenic And Selenium Quantitation In Marcellus Shales And Flowback Saline Waters Using Thiol Cotton Fibre-Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy And Diffusive Gradient In Thin Film Techniques, Ronald S. Balaba
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Trace levels of arsenic and selenium can be toxic to living organisms yet their quantitation in high ionic strength or high salinity aqueous media is difficult due to the matrix interferences which can either suppress or enhance the analyte signal. The objective of this proposed study has been to apply and/or modify inexpensive, simple, and interference-free analytical methods for the sub-ppb to ppb quantification of both inorganic and bioavailable arsenic and selenium fractions in highly saline/salty waters such as flowback wastewater produced from natural gas well drilling sites in the Marcellus shale and/or simulated or artificial high-salinity prepared from deionized …
Temporal, Spatial, And Environmental Influences On The Demographics And Harvest Vulnerability Of American Black Bears (Ursus Americanus ) In Urban Habitats In New Jersey, Pennsylvania And West Virginia, Andrew Tri
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
To date, no research studies in the eastern United States have addressed the spatial ecology of black bears (Ursus americanus) in urban and suburban habitats, and there is limited information regarding black bear space use, habitat selection, and harvest vulnerability. I assessed the harvest vulnerability, home range size, and spatial ecology of black bears in New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia in collaboration with the New Jersey Division of Fish and Wildlife, Pennsylvania Game Commission, and the West Virginia Division of Natural Resources. The major objectives of my study were to identify and quantitatively assess: (1) if black bears shift …
Microbial Genome Evolution Due To Multifaceted Symbiosis Within The Tsetse Fly (Diptera: Glossinidae), Anna Kathleen Snyder
Microbial Genome Evolution Due To Multifaceted Symbiosis Within The Tsetse Fly (Diptera: Glossinidae), Anna Kathleen Snyder
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Microbes are capable of rapid genetic modification, enabling the habitation of a wide field of niches, including forming interdependent associations with macroscopic hosts. While ancient multipartite mutualisms have been shown to involve metabolic complementation, little is known concerning the early genomic adaptations leading towards co-residence within a novel host. The overall objective of this research is to gain insight on genome evolution resulting from symbiosis, particularly by examining bacteria with varying levels of host dependency and times of establishment. The tsetse fly (Diptera: Glossinidae) serves as a relatively simple model system to investigate evolutionary aspects of symbiosis, while also maintaining …
The Science Of Team Science: Exploring Principal Investigator Leadership Style And Team Collaboration Satisfaction, Stephenie K. Kennedy
The Science Of Team Science: Exploring Principal Investigator Leadership Style And Team Collaboration Satisfaction, Stephenie K. Kennedy
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study examined the relationship between the leadership style of principal investigators (PIs) of interdisciplinary research teams at academic health science centers and the collaboration satisfaction of their team members. Two stage sampling was used. One hundred NIH-funded principal investigators at eight regional health science centers completed a team identification form, identifying their teams as interdisciplinary and providing the names and emails of team members. An online survey instrument that included a basic demographic questionnaire, the Bolman and Deal Leadership (Others) Survey, and the Collaboration and Transdisciplinary Integration Survey was then sent to team members. The sample used for analysis …
Characterizations Of Concretes With Alkali-Activated Binder And Correlating Their Properties From Micro- To Specimen Level, Arkamitra Kar
Characterizations Of Concretes With Alkali-Activated Binder And Correlating Their Properties From Micro- To Specimen Level, Arkamitra Kar
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The manufacturing of portland cement (PC), the main binder of concrete, generates large amount of CO2 (a greenhouse gas), cement kiln dust (solid waste), and consumes significant amount of heat energy. Alkali-activated binder (AAB) is increasingly being considered as an environmentally friendly or green alternative to PC. The AAB is produced by alkali activation of aluminosilicate compounds as precursors with or without calcium ions in them in the temperature range of 60° C to 90° C. Since most of the precursors are waste or by-products, the AAB is regarded as sustainable and green construction material with great potential for its …
Liquid Chromatography -- Tandem Mass Spectrometry Techniques For Drugs Of Abuse As Applied To Bacterial And Forensic Toxicology, Stephanie Marie Martindale
Liquid Chromatography -- Tandem Mass Spectrometry Techniques For Drugs Of Abuse As Applied To Bacterial And Forensic Toxicology, Stephanie Marie Martindale
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The ability of bacterial species to transform complex chemical substances has been well documented. Some of these species are native to the human gastrointestinal tract and play an active role in the postmortem decomposition process. These species have potential to cause biotransformations that affect compound-to-metabolite ratios within the human body, especially after death. Postmortem changes such as these have rarely been evaluated or taken into consideration but they have potential to supply valuable information, especially concerning compound identification and confirmation.;The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of Escherichia coli, Bacteroides fragilis, and Clostridium perfringens on drugs of …
Altered Hemodynamic Control In The Skeletal Muscle Microcirculation In The Metabolic Syndrome: The Emergence Of A New Attractor, Joshua Thomas Butcher
Altered Hemodynamic Control In The Skeletal Muscle Microcirculation In The Metabolic Syndrome: The Emergence Of A New Attractor, Joshua Thomas Butcher
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Peripheral vascular disease is a pathological disease state whereby the peripheral vascular system becomes progressively limited in its ability to adequately perfuse extremities despite increases in metabolic demand. One of the primary risk factors for development of peripheral disease is the Metabolic Syndrome. It is the presentation of three simultaneous comorbidities, with obesity being the most common denominator in most metabolic syndrome patients, but also including a pro-inflammatory state, pro-oxidant state, pro-thrombotic state, increased blood pressure, atherogenic dyslipidemia, or insulin resistance. Currently, the population of the United States is approximately 75% overweight, obese, or extremely obese and the prevalence of …
Development Of A 16s Rrna Gene Sequence As A Biomarker Specific To The Gastrointestinal Tract And Feces Of Swine Based On Suppressive Subtractive Hybridization, Autumn Sayre
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Fecal contamination of water bodies causes environmental issues and human health risks. Swine are a major contributor of fecal inputs to environmental waters due to their importance in American agriculture. Water quality currently is regulated using fecal coliforms, which have natural reservoirs in the environment and may not correlate with pathogens. In recent years there has been a shift towards microbial source tracking (MST). MST employs microbiological, genotypic, phenotypic and chemical methods to determine the source of fecal pollution in water bodies. Previous studies aimed at developing swine fecal biomarkers have had limited success. The overall objective of this research …
The Impact Of Service Learning On Leadership Skills Of Students Who Are Gifted And Talented In The Middle School, Patricia Anne Coon
The Impact Of Service Learning On Leadership Skills Of Students Who Are Gifted And Talented In The Middle School, Patricia Anne Coon
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This investigation relates to the impact of service learning on leadership skills of students who are gifted in the middle school while the students plan the project in-school and execute their goals out-of-school for their yearlong service learning project called Community Problem-Solving, or CmPS. Based on surveys, observations, and interviews from 25 students identified as gifted in the middle school, this study describes the student responses and observations from the researcher and teacher of the gifted. Findings show that most of the students in the study felt that their yearlong service learning project positively impacted their leadership skills. The data …
American Grail: Contemporary Federal Budget Reform, Velda Frisco
American Grail: Contemporary Federal Budget Reform, Velda Frisco
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Federal budget reforms initiated by the executive branch of government have been unsustainable. A commonality of these failed reforms is that they lack the support of Congress. The objective of this research is to determine whether the Program Assessment Rating Tool (PART), the most recent executive-initiated budget reform, was supported by Congress. The scope of this research includes an exploration of historic budget reforms, initiated from 1921 through 2008, to provide insight into previous reform sustainability.;Budget reforms provide context from which to view the power struggle between the executive and legislative branches of government; the tension of separate institutions sharing …
Influence Of Weight Loss On Metabolic And Mitochondrial Function In The Mature Horse, Jennie L. Zambito
Influence Of Weight Loss On Metabolic And Mitochondrial Function In The Mature Horse, Jennie L. Zambito
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Obesity causes a multitude of metabolic issues in the horse, yet stepwise alterations in glucose and lipid metabolism, mitochondrial capacity and oxidant status during weight loss have yet to be analyzed. Skeletal muscle contains subsarcolemmal (SSM) and interfibrillar (IFM) mitochondria, which respond differently to physiological stimuli, impacting tissue and whole body oxidant status. We hypothesized that 8 light-type horses would display improvements in skeletal muscle mitochondrial subpopulation function and decreases in circulating oxidant status markers during weight loss from an obese (7 to 8) to moderate (5) body condition score (BCS). Additionally, we hypothesized improvements in morphometric measurements, circulating metabolic …
American Indian Adolescents Access To And Involvement In In-School Extracurricular Activities In Relation To Substance Use Frequency And Risk Behaviors, Elizabeth A. Jones
American Indian Adolescents Access To And Involvement In In-School Extracurricular Activities In Relation To Substance Use Frequency And Risk Behaviors, Elizabeth A. Jones
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This thesis looks at the protective benefits that involvement in adult-led in-school extracurricular activities had on the use of drugs and alcohol by 8th, 10th, and 12th grade American Indian adolescents in Arizona. This population has been chosen because they have a history of oppression, substance abuse, and prejudice. These adolescents represent an extremely at-risk population due to historical trauma and the present-day responses to this trauma. The researcher used data previously collected by the Arizona Youth Survey in 2010 and looked at it through the lens of Hirschi's Social Control Theory and the protective model of resilience. Hirschi's theory …
Integrated Marketing Communications (Imc) Variables That Influence Perceived Return On Investment (Roi) In Higher Education: Chief Marketing Officers' Perceptions, Adrienne L. King
Integrated Marketing Communications (Imc) Variables That Influence Perceived Return On Investment (Roi) In Higher Education: Chief Marketing Officers' Perceptions, Adrienne L. King
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study examines the relationship of the level of Integrated Marketing Communications (IMC) implementation, level of open systems and change in state appropriations on perceived return on investment (ROI) in U.S. public higher education institutions (HEIs). Designed to provide HEI leaders with data to more accurately determine the best IMC resource allocations, the analysis represents the responses of 40 Chief Marketing Officers (CMOs) at HEIs with high and very high research activity, as defined by the Carnegie Classification, and Council for the Advancement and Support of Education (CASE) memberships.;Building on previous research from the corporate industry indicating four stages of …
Meeting The Demand For Local Food In West Virginia: An Analysis Of Factors Influencing Producers' Market Participation And Expansion Decisions, Ruth Mary Oldham
Meeting The Demand For Local Food In West Virginia: An Analysis Of Factors Influencing Producers' Market Participation And Expansion Decisions, Ruth Mary Oldham
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Increasing demand in local food markets in WV offers a new or enhanced income generation opportunity to small producers. An ostensible gap in supply to meet this demand sparks an investigation of the factors that influence producers' decisions, as reflected by their behavior and intentions, to participate and expand in local food markets. The factors that influence both the behavior of current commercial producers and potential new entrants are identified through analysis of data collected through a survey of producers identified by field professionals. Specifically, the influence of motivational and place-based sociocultural characteristics, based on guidance from social psychology Theory …
Optimization Of A Coded-Modulation System With Shaped Constellation, Xingyu Xiang
Optimization Of A Coded-Modulation System With Shaped Constellation, Xingyu Xiang
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Conventional communication systems transmit signals that are selected from a signal constellation with uniform probability. However, information-theoretic results suggest that performance may be improved by shaping the constellation such that lower-energy signals are selected more frequently than higher-energy signals. This dissertation presents an energy efficient approach for shaping the constellations used by coded-modulation systems. The focus is on designing shaping techniques for systems that use a combination of amplitude phase shift keying (APSK) and low-density parity check (LDPC) coding. Such a combination is typical of modern satellite communications, such as the system used by the DVB-S2 standard.;The system implementation requires …
Simulation Of Multi-Component Gas Flow And Condensation In Marcellus Shale Reservoir, Abdallah Elamin
Simulation Of Multi-Component Gas Flow And Condensation In Marcellus Shale Reservoir, Abdallah Elamin
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The Marcellus shale formation, with more than 463 trillion cubic feet (Tcf) of recoverable gas in Pennsylvania and West Virginia, will play a critical role in providing clean energy, environmental sustainability, and increased security for our nation. However, due to recent low gas prices, most of the operating companies have slowed down their activities in dry gas areas and refocused their attention in oil and condensate production from liquid-rich regions. This change in production plans requires detailed investigation of gas condensate bank developments and saturation dynamics in shale gas reservoirs that change greatly with reservoir conditions. An advanced level of …
Laser Induced Fluorescence Studies Of Electrostatic Double Layers In An Expanding Helicon Plasma, Jerry Carr Jr.
Laser Induced Fluorescence Studies Of Electrostatic Double Layers In An Expanding Helicon Plasma, Jerry Carr Jr.
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
We report the first evidence of a laboratory double layer (DL) collapsing in the presence of an instability studied by Chakraborty Thakur et al. 1 with the use of time resolved laser induced fluorescence (LIF) studies. Higher time resolution studies then provided the first statistically validated proof of the correlation between the ion acoustic instability and a DL. Time-frequency analysis in the form of time resolved cross power spectra and continuous wavelet transforms were used to provide insight into beam formation. The implications of this work is that in the creation of strong DLs in expanding plasmas for plasma propulsion …
Watering The St. Katherine Landscape: Exploring The Nexus Between Socio-Economic And Hydro-Cultural Change, Joshua D. Lohnes
Watering The St. Katherine Landscape: Exploring The Nexus Between Socio-Economic And Hydro-Cultural Change, Joshua D. Lohnes
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The town of St. Katherine is located in the mountainous and most water rich region of Egypt's Sinai Peninsula. This relative water abundance was a critical factor to the historical and cultural landscape that emerged there over the centuries. Past human settlements have left an intricate network of catchments, conduits and wells. Much of this infrastructure is still in use today across the hundreds of orchards that dot valley floors around this growing urban center. A pipeline has recently linked this community to the Nile River hundreds of miles away restructuring water consumption patterns throughout the area and reinforcing a …
Experimental Investigation Of The Vibrational And Thermal Response Of A Laser Spark Plug, Gregory S. Yoder
Experimental Investigation Of The Vibrational And Thermal Response Of A Laser Spark Plug, Gregory S. Yoder
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
A study was conducted in order to evaluate the external thermal and vibrational effects on the operation of a laser ignition system for internal combustion (IC) engine applications. West Virginia University (WVU) in conjunction with the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) have constructed a prototype laser spark plug which has been designed to mount directly onto the head of a natural gas engine for the purpose of igniting an air/fuel (A/F) mixture in the engine's combustion chamber. To be considered as a viable replacement for the conventional electrode-based ignition system, integrity, durability and reliability must be justified. Thermal and oscillatory …
Absorption Of Marine Vs Non-Marine Sources Of Epa And Dha, John S. Ketz
Absorption Of Marine Vs Non-Marine Sources Of Epa And Dha, John S. Ketz
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from algae oil has been incorporated into tissues at a lower level and has been less effective than fish oil (FO) at reducing body fat. Our objective was to determine fecal excretion of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and DHA from different dietary sources. Male mice (n=100) were fed a 12% lipid diet containing soy oil (SO), FO, yeast oil (YO) algae oil (AO), or AO+YO. The AO diet was fed to contain amounts of DHA equal to the FO diet, and the YO diet was fed to contain amounts of EPA equal to the FO diet. To measure …
An Examination Of The Leadership Practices Of University Presidents Of Land-Grant Universities In The United States, Wafa M. Aldighrir
An Examination Of The Leadership Practices Of University Presidents Of Land-Grant Universities In The United States, Wafa M. Aldighrir
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
A great deal of research has been done to understand leadership styles in different organizational settings. In this study, the researcher focused on the leadership practices of university presidents of land-grant universities (LGUs) in the United States. The study examined the leadership practices of presidents of land-grant universities as described by Kouzes and Posner (2002). Moreover, this study aimed to find whether a difference existed among university presidents in terms of leadership practices. Using a mixed research method, the researcher conducted an individual LPI self-survey and five interviews to answer the research questions. The findings indicate that university presidents engaged …
Houses Of History And Homepages: Museums Of Communism In Eastern And Central Europe And Their Online Presence, Alexandra Day Coffman
Houses Of History And Homepages: Museums Of Communism In Eastern And Central Europe And Their Online Presence, Alexandra Day Coffman
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Museums of communism have been appearing all over Central and Eastern Europe, as has the interest in them. Memorabilia sells well and tourists are interested in what life was like behind the Iron Curtain. If these museums show how they present, represent, and deal with the recent past, museum websites also give insight into the museums' greater outreach. Communism is portrayed in several ways in different countries, but they generally depict the country as a victim of Soviet rule and influence. This study examines resources that are available for the global audience and observes how engaged the museums are in …
Evaluation Of The Effectiveness Of Healthy Me A Nutritional And Exercise Program For African American Adolescents In An Urban School Utilizing The Cope/Teen Program, Patricia D Setlow
Evaluation Of The Effectiveness Of Healthy Me A Nutritional And Exercise Program For African American Adolescents In An Urban School Utilizing The Cope/Teen Program, Patricia D Setlow
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Background.;Obesity, a preventable and reversible condition, increases the risk of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia, while decreasing both life expectancy and quality of life (U.S. Department of Health And Human Services, 2001). The national obesity rate for adolescents ages 12-19 years was 18.1% in the 2007-2008 period, a significant change from 6.1% in the early 70's (CDC, 2009). According to Barlow (2007) these figures have sounded alarms for all involved in the health care of children and adolescents.;Objectives.;The purpose of this pilot program was to assess the effectiveness of providing nutritional education and exercise opportunities for African American adolescents …
Lessons In Modeling, Preventing, And Treating Neural Injury: Improving Bench-To- Bedside Translation, Ryan Coddington Turner
Lessons In Modeling, Preventing, And Treating Neural Injury: Improving Bench-To- Bedside Translation, Ryan Coddington Turner
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The translation of therapeutic agents for ischemic stroke and traumatic brain injury from the preclinical laboratory to clinical trials has been fraught with failure as evident by the 1,000+ preclinical studies that have failed to translate to a proven therapeutic clinically. Numerous potential reasons for these shortcomings have been identified and include the use of animal models that fail to capture clinically relevant risk factors or injury parameters, targeting of pathological events occurring rapidly after injury but before the likely time of patient presentation for treatment, emphasis on acute rather than chronic outcome measures, and mismatch in outcome measures used …
Fractured Communities: Natural Gas, Resource Control, And Social Response In Bradford County, Pa, Chad F. Spade
Fractured Communities: Natural Gas, Resource Control, And Social Response In Bradford County, Pa, Chad F. Spade
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This thesis examines natural gas drilling in the Marcellus Shale formation through a case study and research conducted in Bradford County, Pennsylvania. Drawing upon the literatures of environmental justice and accumulation by dispossession, this thesis examines the impacts natural gas drilling has on the local community. Themes of economic benefits, leasing procedures, environmental concerns, social fracturing and political power are explored as they relate to the natural gas industry's impact on the local community. Viewed through the theories of accumulation by dispossession and environmental justice, this thesis examines the role resource control plays in the development and exploitation of natural …
Landscape Planning And Design For Natural Disaster Mitigation And Response From A Design Simulation Of The Bluestone Dam Failure, Ayaka H. Matthews
Landscape Planning And Design For Natural Disaster Mitigation And Response From A Design Simulation Of The Bluestone Dam Failure, Ayaka H. Matthews
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The frequency and the intensity of natural disasters, especially weather-related disasters such as storms or floods, have been increasing rapidly in the last 20 years. This trend is expected to continue to increase in the future due to climate change. Among natural hazards, floods are the most serious type, causing more cost and loss of life than any other natural hazard in the world. In addition, there are 27,000 dams, which is equal to 32% of all dams in the country, that have the potential to be damaged or fail. This could cause catastrophic damages in communities that exist downstream …
Optimization Of Integrated Reservoir, Wellbore, And Power Plant Models For Enhanced Geothermal Systems, Jason Peluchette
Optimization Of Integrated Reservoir, Wellbore, And Power Plant Models For Enhanced Geothermal Systems, Jason Peluchette
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Geothermal energy has the potential to become a substantially greater contributor to the U.S. energy market. An adequate investment in Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) technology will be necessary in order to realize the potential of geothermal energy. This study presents an optimization of a waterbased Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS) modeled for AltaRock Energy's Newberry EGS Demonstration location. The optimization successfully integrates all three components of the geothermal system: (1) the present wellbore design, (2) the reservoir design, and (3) the surface plant design.;Since the Newberry EGS Demonstration will use an existing well (NWG 55-29), there is no optimization of the …
Colorectal Cancer Disease In Appalachia: Symptom Interpretation And Cancer Worry Predictors, Omar F.S. Attarabeen
Colorectal Cancer Disease In Appalachia: Symptom Interpretation And Cancer Worry Predictors, Omar F.S. Attarabeen
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
In the Appalachian region, many cultural, religious, and psychological factors have been identified to affect health. These factors are expected to play a role in health disparities, such as higher rates of colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality. Appalachia-specific factors such as geographic isolationism, poverty, and Appalachian stereotypes have been reported to negatively affect preventive health care including CRC screening. Although previous research has investigating the impact of some of these Appalachia-specific factors on seeking health care, impact of symptom interpretation and psychological states of the Appalachian population on health care seeking behavior needs to be clarified. The objective of …
The Effect Of Melatonin Or Maternal Nutrient Restriction On Cell Proliferation In The Ovine Placenta, Adam Walter Eifert
The Effect Of Melatonin Or Maternal Nutrient Restriction On Cell Proliferation In The Ovine Placenta, Adam Walter Eifert
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Our objectives were to assess melatonin receptor dependent modulation of placental cell proliferation following treatment with either melatonin, luzindole (melatonin receptor 1 and 2 antagonist), or vehicle. In addition, a second study was conducted to assess placental cell proliferation following dietary melatonin treatment in a maternal nutrient restriction model. For the first experiment, 14 primiparous ewes were fitted with Alzet mini osmotic pumps attached to a catheter and infused with vehicle, melatonin, or luzindole from d 62 to 90 of gestation. Ewes were euthanized and placentomes collected for analysis at the end of the 4 week infusion. For the second …
Evaluation Of Growth And Survival Of Hardwood Trees On Brown And Gray Sandstone, Lindsay M. Wilson-Kokes
Evaluation Of Growth And Survival Of Hardwood Trees On Brown And Gray Sandstone, Lindsay M. Wilson-Kokes
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Deciduous forests in the Appalachian region have been greatly disrupted due to surface coal mining since the 1930's. After the passage of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act (SMCRA) in 1977, coal mine operators began planting a variety of grasses and legumes as a fast and economical way to re-establish a permanent vegetative cover in order to meet erosion and site stabilization requirements. However, soil compaction and competitive forage species have arrested the re-colonization of native hardwood tree species on these reclaimed sites. In an effort to evaluate tree growth on selected spoils and determine the effects of compaction, …