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Kinetic Analysis Of Coal And Biomass Co-Gasification With Carbon Dioxide, Jiachuan Bu
Kinetic Analysis Of Coal And Biomass Co-Gasification With Carbon Dioxide, Jiachuan Bu
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Based on Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) experimental data, a kinetic analysis of the Boudouard reaction was studied for three different coal chars, three different biomass chars, and their mixtures. The coal chars included: North Dakota Lignite, Illinois No.6, and Powder River Basin char; the biomass chars included: Hardwood, Switchgrass, and Corn Stove char. The reaction temperature ranged from 900°C to 1100°C. Different kinetic models were used for modeling the reaction rate. For the simplified Dutta and Wen model, it was found that the reaction rate was first order with respect to both CO2 and carbon. For the modified shrinking sphere model, …
Development And Evaluation Of A Fault Detection And Identification Scheme For The Wvu Yf-22 Uav Using The Artificial Immune System Approach, Sebastian Pablo Sanchez
Development And Evaluation Of A Fault Detection And Identification Scheme For The Wvu Yf-22 Uav Using The Artificial Immune System Approach, Sebastian Pablo Sanchez
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
A failure detection and identification (FDI) scheme is developed for a small remotely controlled jet aircraft based on the Artificial Immune System (AIS) paradigm. Pilot-in-the-loop flight data are used to develop and test a scheme capable of identifying known and unknown aircraft actuator and sensor failures. Negative selection is used as the main mechanism for self/non-self definition; however, an alternative approach using positive selection to enhance performance is also presented. Tested failures include aileron and stabilator locked at trim and angular rate sensor bias. Hyper-spheres are chosen to represent detectors. Different definitions of distance for the matching rules are applied …
Nonlinear Dynamics Modulation In A Neon Glow Discharge Plasma, Paul M. Miller
Nonlinear Dynamics Modulation In A Neon Glow Discharge Plasma, Paul M. Miller
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
In dynamics modulation, two modes in a driven neon glow discharge alternate as the dominant mode as their response to the driving force alternates between spatiotemporal and temporal periodic pulling. This phenomenon was first noted by Koepke, Weltmann, and Selcher (Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 40, 1716 (1995)), who saw two limited but representative cases and proposed a mechanism (Phys. Rev. E 62, 2773 (2000)) by which it occurs. The intent of this dissertation is to document experimentally and test the dynamics modulation mechanism they proposed. Using a new extension of a previous mathematical treatment of periodic pulling, the resulting experimental …
Acoustic Plethysmograph For Measuring Pulmonary Function In Mice, Jeffrey S. Reynolds
Acoustic Plethysmograph For Measuring Pulmonary Function In Mice, Jeffrey S. Reynolds
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The traditional whole body plethysmograph (WBP) relies on pressure changes induced by a freely respiring animal inside a chamber. This pressure is a combination of a thermo-hygrometric effect (proportional to tidal volume) and a gas compression effect (related to lung mechanics). In order to measure either tidal volume or lung mechanics, it must be assumed that the other component is negligible. In this research, an acoustic WBP was developed that is capable of measuring the thoracic volume change of a mouse independent of the thermohygrometric effect. This allows independent measurement of tidal volume and specific airway resistance.;In the first phase …
Graph Coloring And Flows, Xiaofeng Wang
Graph Coloring And Flows, Xiaofeng Wang
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Part 1. The Fulkerson Conjecture states that every cubic bridgeless graph has six perfect matchings such that every edge of the graph is contained in exactly two of these perfect matchings. In this paper, we verify the conjecture for some families of snarks (Goldberg snarks, flower snarks) by using a technical lemma.;Part 2. A star coloring of an undirected graph G is a proper vertex coloring of G such that any path of length 3 in G is not bi-colored. The star chromatic number of a family of graphs G , denoted by chis( G ), is the minimum number …
Hamiltonian Line Graphs And Claw -Free Graphs, Huiya Yan
Hamiltonian Line Graphs And Claw -Free Graphs, Huiya Yan
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The research of my dissertation was motivated by the conjecture of Thomassen that every 4-connected line graph is hamiltonian and by the conjecture of Matthews and Sumner that every 4-connected claw-free graph is hamiltonian. Towards the hamiltonian line graph problem, we proved that every 3-connected claw-free Z8-free graph is hamiltonian, where Z8 is obtained by identifying one end-vertex of P9 with one vertex of a triangle; let hc( G) denote the least integer m such that the iterated line graph Lm(G) is Hamilton-connected, we showed that k -- 1 ≤ hc( G) ≤ max{lcub}diam(G), k -- 1{rcub}, where k is …
Laboratory Observation Of Evolution Of Iedd-Wave-Modified Equilibrium And Density-Gradient Effects On Smia Wave Propagation, Eric W. Reynolds
Laboratory Observation Of Evolution Of Iedd-Wave-Modified Equilibrium And Density-Gradient Effects On Smia Wave Propagation, Eric W. Reynolds
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
It was previously found that sheared ion-flow alters the dispersion of waves in plasma [Koepke et al., 1994, 1998a]. Many aspects of sheared ion-flow effects were demonstrated for ion-acoustic waves [Teodorescu et al., 2002a], ion-cyclotron waves [ Teodorescu et al., 2002b; Koepke et al., 1999; Amatucci et al., 1998] and drift waves [Kaneko et al., 2003]. This dissertation further investigates ion-cyclotron waves and ion-acoustic waves in the WVU Q machine plasma in the presence of sheared parallel (magnetic-field aligned) ion-flow and further investigates ion-cyclotron waves in the WVU Q machine plasma in the presence of sheared perpendicular ion-flow.;Experiments were performed …
Effects Of Color And Animation On Visual Short -Term Memory In Computer-Environment Learning Tasks, Marc Debiase
Effects Of Color And Animation On Visual Short -Term Memory In Computer-Environment Learning Tasks, Marc Debiase
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The goals of this research study were to gain a better understanding of the effects of color and animation on visual short-term memory (STM) in computer-environment learning tasks. The research methodology was based on an investigative design that attempted to address weaknesses of previous visual STM research (Klauer & Zhao, 2004) to provide information readily applicable to instructional design and technology. A 3 x 2 x 3 totally-within participants, repeated-measures Factorial Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) design was utilized to investigate limitations on visual short-term memory learning processes in computer-learning environments. Participant scores for accuracy of visual learning tasks and participant …
Design Of Reinforced Concrete Seals For Underground Coal Mines, Rajagopala Reddy Kallu
Design Of Reinforced Concrete Seals For Underground Coal Mines, Rajagopala Reddy Kallu
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The conventional 'full-scale' explosion test for seal evaluation is expensive and time consuming. Therefore, alternative methodologies must be developed for the design of mine seals to meet the new MSHA design standards. This dissertation employed advanced explicit finite element code, ABAQUS, to develop reinforced concrete (RC) seal models for addressing various design parameters related to the RC seal design.;Firstly, using back analysis of structural data available from NIOSH full-scale explosion tests on RC seals, a suitable RC seal model was developed with a proper concrete constitutive material. Secondly, the optimum rebar parameters such as rebar diameter, and vertical and horizontal …
Cooperative Wireless Communications: Protocol Design And Performance Analysis, Kanchan Vardhe
Cooperative Wireless Communications: Protocol Design And Performance Analysis, Kanchan Vardhe
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
It is well known that multiple antenna wireless communication systems improve the capacity and reliability of wireless communication systems by leveraging spatial diversity. In many wireless applications where it is impractical to implement multiple antennas at the transceivers, cooperation between wireless users wherein single antenna terminals share their resources has been proposed as a viable option to achieve spatial diversity.;The main goal of this research is to characterize the performance bounds for the multiuser, multirelay cooperative communication systems using information theoretic tools and use it to provide guidance in the design of practical systems. The protocols developed in this work …
Assessment Of The Perceptions Of Principals About School Performance In West Virginia, Connie L. Myer
Assessment Of The Perceptions Of Principals About School Performance In West Virginia, Connie L. Myer
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study compares the perceptions of two groups of West Virginia school principals about the performance of their schools. Six hundred principals were sent an online, 70-item survey instrument aligned with the seven domains of the state's Framework for High-Performing Schools. Of the total 600 principals in the study, half had attended the West Virginia Institute for 21st-Century Leadership, and the other half had not. Both the parametric t-test and the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U were used to determine if there was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the two groups of principals. The results show a noteworthy …
Development Of A Web-Based Woody Biomass Energy Expert System, Sabina Dhungana
Development Of A Web-Based Woody Biomass Energy Expert System, Sabina Dhungana
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Woody biomass is evolving as a potential bioenergy feedstock at an industrial scale to provide the required supply for industries relying on these resources at necessary levels and feasible costs. In order to effectively utilize woody biomass for energy, it is essential to know in advance the availability of biomass, the equivalent energy provided, and the associated procurement costs. Expert systems, using computer based programming and containing knowledge bases reflecting the knowledge of human experts in the field, are being used in industrial facilities for real time problem analysis and knowledge enhancement. This study draws on this approach and attempts …
Implications For The Use Of Osmia Cornifrons (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) As Pollinators, Joseph Brent White
Implications For The Use Of Osmia Cornifrons (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) As Pollinators, Joseph Brent White
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The Japanese hornfaced bees, Osmia cornifrons (Radoszkowski) (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae), is a key pollinator of spring blooming fruit crops such as apple, pear and blueberry. To maximize pollination efficiency, two implications must be considered. First, diapause termination of overwintering O. cornifrons adults needs to be synchronized with the bloom of the target trees because adult bees are active as pollinators for only a few weeks. Patterns of temperature-dependent diapause termination of O. cornifrons were modeled and simulated with linear and non-linear regression analyses. Results of the study indicated the upper and lower developmental thresholds, as well as the optimum temperature for …
Production Decline Analysis Of Horizontal Well In Gas Shale Reservoirs, Folarin Adekoya
Production Decline Analysis Of Horizontal Well In Gas Shale Reservoirs, Folarin Adekoya
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The major factor influencing the increase of natural gas use is the rise in its global demand. Due to the relentlessly increasing demand, there have been improvements in the techniques and technology used in recovering natural gas from shale gas reservoirs, including drilling a horizontal well and hydraulic fracturing. One of the significant challenges associated with gas shale production is that it is difficult to reliably predict ultimate recovery and estimate reserves, leading to great risk in exploitation of these resources. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the current decline curve analysis techniques and provide a more reliable …
Analytical Determination Of Strain Energy For The Studies Of Coal Mine Bumps, Qiang Xu
Analytical Determination Of Strain Energy For The Studies Of Coal Mine Bumps, Qiang Xu
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Coal mine bumps occur in most countries where coal is mined by underground methods. Coal bumps can be characterized as unstable releases of strain energy associated with energy changes that take place with progressive mining. This research is conducted to study the strain energy effect on coal bump problems associated with underground coal mining. The roofs are modeled as elastic beams on continuous elastic foundations subject to exponentially distributed abutment stress. Elastic beam theory is applied to develop analytical solutions for deflection of single-layer roof models. Methods for analyzing double layer roof and double layer foundation models are also discussed. …
An Experimental Analysis Of Preference For Rate Building, Andrew R. Lightner
An Experimental Analysis Of Preference For Rate Building, Andrew R. Lightner
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Educational research suggests that rate-building procedures produce superior academic performance and are preferred by participants when compared to traditional methods. However, these studies have not controlled for critical variables, such as practice, that might influence preference and performance. The current study compared two conditions using behavioral performance and preference measures; one condition had a correct response rate criterion and the other had an overall correct response criterion. Reinforcement and feedback were held constant across conditions. Most participants preferred the condition that did not have a rate criterion. Performance outcomes produced by the two conditions were not substantially different. This implies …
Effects Of Response Effort, Delay, And Stimulus Changes On The Sunk -Cost Effect, James W. Diller
Effects Of Response Effort, Delay, And Stimulus Changes On The Sunk -Cost Effect, James W. Diller
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The sunk-cost effect is a decision-making fallacy that has its origins in the discipline in economics. In general, sunk-cost situations are typified by the presence of an initial investment that is followed by behavioral persistence, especially in the face of progressively worsening outcomes. This fallacy occurs when individuals use past expenditures (i.e., sunk costs) rather than future costs to guide decisions. Although there is a growing body of literature involving human participants, relatively little work has been done examining the variables that govern the sunk-cost effect in nonhuman subjects. The present experiments examined effects of response effort, delay, and stimulus …
Professional Development In The Field Of Education, Jeanne L. Hager Moore
Professional Development In The Field Of Education, Jeanne L. Hager Moore
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The process of continual growth and development in the teaching profession represents a common value among education professionals. Federal and state laws maintain that teachers must continue to study. These mandates, pronounced at federal, state, and local levels to create high academic standards for students, must be met through quality instruction. Both the profession and the public expect that teachers have the willingness and the ability to engage in continuous learning that will impact instruction. The process by which educators keep their knowledge base current typically is referred to as professional development. Professional development is an ongoing process of continuous …
Determination Of The Range Of Safe-Comfortable Lifting Postures Using The Aesthetic Ergonomics Theory, Nicolas F. Salazar
Determination Of The Range Of Safe-Comfortable Lifting Postures Using The Aesthetic Ergonomics Theory, Nicolas F. Salazar
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Past research indicates that, in general, individuals performing material handling tasks tend to underestimate lower back stress, i.e. L5/S1 disk compression, adopting free style lifting postures that often results a greater biomechanical stress in the lower back, increasing their potential risk of developing low back injuries in the short, mid and long terms.;The main objective of this research was to identify within theoretically safe workstation layouts, the subgroup of layouts that would lead workers to adopt cognitively comfortable and at the same time physically safe lifting postures. This research objective was achieved through the use of the Aesthetic Ergonomics Dual …
Success From The Voices Of Educators, Katherine Eddy Cox
Success From The Voices Of Educators, Katherine Eddy Cox
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study examines teachers' conceptions of success through interviews of fourteen educators from a rural county in a Mid-Atlantic state. The results find that the critical elements of success are student-oriented, practice-oriented, and policy-oriented; the consensus definition of success is caring for individual students; and the beliefs and values of educators are in making a difference for every student. Relationships, joy in learning, and fair testing are enabling of success within the community and culture studied. In terms of challenges and needs---parents are often named as the biggest barrier to success; secondly, having time to teach as well as possible; …
A Needs Assessment Of West Virginia Environmental Educators: West Virginia Environmental Education Association And West Virginia University County Extension Agents, Amanda Rae Swecker See
A Needs Assessment Of West Virginia Environmental Educators: West Virginia Environmental Education Association And West Virginia University County Extension Agents, Amanda Rae Swecker See
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
West Virginia is a state full of a variety of environmental education (EE) programs---both formal and nonformal. However, in order to be effective, educators must have the most updated and user friendly resources readily accessible through various supporting organizations or agencies. The WVEEA is a new state-wide group dedicated to improving EE programs, and supporting EE through its members.;The ultimate goal of EE programs is to improve environmental literacy and foster environmentally responsible behavior. Environmental literacy gives people the awareness, knowledge, ability, motivation, commitment and skill to work with others to resolve environmental problems and prevent new ones. EE activities …
Agent Based Modeling Of Power Distribution Systems, Sridhar Chouhan
Agent Based Modeling Of Power Distribution Systems, Sridhar Chouhan
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The electric power system is a very vast network and becoming more complex each day. The traditional vertically monopolistic structure has been deregulated and replaced by gencos, transcos and, discos; increasing the power system intricacy. During the past few decades there has been remarkable development in software and hardware technologies for the analysis and design activities in power system planning, operation, and control. However, much still depends on the judgment of human experts. A single fault in power system can lead to multiple faults and can collapse the whole system. Power System needs a more decentralized control mechanism for solving …
Circulation Control Improvements To Rotor Lift Asymmetry Due To Reverse Flow, Michael J. Lyons
Circulation Control Improvements To Rotor Lift Asymmetry Due To Reverse Flow, Michael J. Lyons
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Circulation control has been applied to airfoils since the late 1960's, and has been proven to change the aerodynamic performance by altering the interaction of the streamlines without changing the physical characteristics of the airfoil itself. This has many applications in fluid dynamics; the focus of this application is for the replacement of the conventional helicopter rotor blade system with a fly-by-wire, active circulation controlled system. Conventional helicopters use a swashplate and a series of mechanical linkages, bearings, and dampers to create a fully articulated rotor hub system. This system is required to achieve the blade characteristics required for stable …
An Investigation Into The Theoretical And Analytical Basis For The Spread Of Airborne Influenza, John B. Redrow
An Investigation Into The Theoretical And Analytical Basis For The Spread Of Airborne Influenza, John B. Redrow
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
With the threat of a pandemic drawing near and the possibility of a "new", more deadly, form of the influenza virus from genetic re-assortment of avian and human influenza viruses, there is dire need for a better understanding of the transmission mechanisms of this virus. The present study focuses on the aerosol mode of transmission, particularly via the mechanism of human cough. Utilizing computational fluid dynamics (CFD), an in-house code was developed to model the transport of a sputum droplet (cough expectorant) within a jet of air (representative of a human cough). A parametric study was conducted using the model, …
Numerical Modeling Of Nitrogen Injection Into Gas Condensate Reservoir, Candace L. Subero
Numerical Modeling Of Nitrogen Injection Into Gas Condensate Reservoir, Candace L. Subero
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Gas-condensate reservoirs differ from dry-gas reservoirs. Gas condensate production is predominantly gas from which a quantity of liquid is condensed; the amount condensed being based on the gas-oil-ratio, GOR, in surface separators. Condensate dropout occurs in the reservoir as the pressure falls below dew-point, as a result of which, the liquid production decreases significantly and the condensate formed in the reservoir is also unrecoverable. Injection and cycling of dry natural gas has been used to enhance the condensate production from these reservoirs. However natural gas has become more valuable and alternative gases must be investigated. One of such gas is …
Parametric Study Of A Single Pdc Cutter With A Numerical Model, Ozge Sunal
Parametric Study Of A Single Pdc Cutter With A Numerical Model, Ozge Sunal
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Single cutter models constitute a cornerstone to understand the cutting process while drilling. There are various experimental and numerical studies on simulating cutting behavior of a single cutter in order to optimize drilling performance. In this study, the numerical model developed to analyze single PDC cutter performance was verified with the experimental data. Numerous runs with different model properties and rock post failure properties were conducted for the purpose of creating a model that works accurately in different conditions. The data used in this study for model verification was obtained from an experimental study reported in the literature. The study …
Elastic Guided Wave Dispersion In Layered Piezoelectric Plates: Application To Ultrasound Transducers And Acoustic Sensors, Daniel H. Cortes Correales
Elastic Guided Wave Dispersion In Layered Piezoelectric Plates: Application To Ultrasound Transducers And Acoustic Sensors, Daniel H. Cortes Correales
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Elastic wave propagation in layered media has been of interest in many disciplines including non-destructive material characterization, acoustic sensors and medical ultrasound imaging. A great variety of devices are based on the propagation of electromechanical waves in piezoelectric plates. Despite the diversity of applications, the principles and characteristics of wave propagation are the same regardless the design or configuration of the device. The aim of this study is to develop numerical and analytical tools to model and design devices based on the wave propagation in piezoelectric layered media; particularly, ultrasound transducers for medical imaging and acoustic sensors for biological applications.;Single-element …
Influence Of Cutting Sequence And Time Effects On Cutters And Roof Falls In Underground Coal Mine -- Numerical Approach, Anil Kumar Ray
Influence Of Cutting Sequence And Time Effects On Cutters And Roof Falls In Underground Coal Mine -- Numerical Approach, Anil Kumar Ray
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Roof falls are among the most serious safety hazards faced by underground coal mines worldwide. Due to the stringent safety measures and development of the innovative support systems in the past few decades, their numbers were drastically reduced but have not been eliminated. Underground observations reveal that a number of larger roof falls are preceded by the development of shear failures near pillar ribs, termed cutters or guttering. In the past, many factors were identified as responsible for the development of cutters and ultimately roof falls. These factors can be broadly classified as stress related and non stress related. Although …
Predictive Modeling Techniques With Application To The Cerulean Warbler (Dendroica Cerulea) In The Appalachian Mountains Bird Conservation Region, Matthew Buhrl Shumar
Predictive Modeling Techniques With Application To The Cerulean Warbler (Dendroica Cerulea) In The Appalachian Mountains Bird Conservation Region, Matthew Buhrl Shumar
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Many statistical approaches have been used for developing predictive models for wildlife presence/absence and abundance, each with varying levels of accuracy and complexity. As concerns for declining species intensify and anthropogenic impacts on habitats increase, the ability to quickly quantify and map species distributions and abundances over large regions will become increasingly important. To date, there is no set of best practices for modeling specific wildlife groups. My primary objectives with this thesis were to (1) compare model techniques for ease of use and accuracy, and (2) compare resolution of species occurrence data and its effect on model accuracy.;For the …
Establishing The Digital Chain Of Evidence In Biometric Systems, Nick Bartlow
Establishing The Digital Chain Of Evidence In Biometric Systems, Nick Bartlow
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Traditionally, a chain of evidence or chain of custody refers to the chronological documentation, or paper trail, showing the seizure, custody, control, transfer, analysis, and disposition of evidence, physical or electronic. Whether in the criminal justice system, military applications, or natural disasters, ensuring the accuracy and integrity of such chains is of paramount importance. Intentional or unintentional alteration, tampering, or fabrication of digital evidence can lead to undesirable effects. We find despite the consequences at stake, historically, no unique protocol or standardized procedure exists for establishing such chains. Current practices rely on traditional paper trails and handwritten signatures as the …