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Modeling Phosphorus Environmental Thresholds On A Watershed Scale, Sara L. Jones Jan 2015

Modeling Phosphorus Environmental Thresholds On A Watershed Scale, Sara L. Jones

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Anthropogenic eutrophication of surface waterways is a major environmental concern as it leads to the decline of aquatic resources and degradation of water. Phosphorus is the most limiting nutrient in freshwater systems and, therefore, an important factor in the control of eutrophication. Identifying the natural P thresholds in soils using the relationship between soil P and potential P losses can help determine areas with a high risk of P loss to waterways via leaching. Twenty-three sites covering a range of land uses were sampled by the USDA-NRCS in the Potomac Watershed in the northeast United States. Four pedons described and …

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Control Design And Performance Analysis For Autonomous Formation Flight Experimentss, Caleb Michael Rice Jan 2015

Control Design And Performance Analysis For Autonomous Formation Flight Experimentss, Caleb Michael Rice

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Autonomous Formation Flight is a key approach for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and managing traffic in future high density airspace. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV's) have made it possible for the physical demonstration and validation of autonomous formation flight concepts inexpensively and eliminates the flight risk to human pilots. This thesis discusses the design, implementation, and flight testing of three different formation flight control methods, Proportional Integral and Derivative (PID); Fuzzy Logic (FL); and NonLinear Dynamic Inversion (NLDI), and their respective performance behavior. Experimental results show achievable autonomous formation flight and performance quality with a pair of low-cost unmanned research fixed …

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Supereulerian Properties In Graphs And Hamiltonian Properties In Line Graphs, Keke Wang Jan 2015

Supereulerian Properties In Graphs And Hamiltonian Properties In Line Graphs, Keke Wang

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Following the trend initiated by Chvatal and Erdos, using the relation of independence number and connectivity as sufficient conditions for hamiltonicity of graphs, we characterize supereulerian graphs with small matching number, which implies a characterization of hamiltonian claw-free graph with small independence number.;We also investigate strongly spanning trailable graphs and their applications to hamiltonian connected line graphs characterizations for small strongly spanning trailable graphs and strongly spanning trailable graphs with short longest cycles are obtained. In particular, we have found a graph family F of reduced nonsupereulerian graphs such that for any graph G with kappa'(G) ≥ 2 and alpha'( …

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Scenario-Based Estimation Model For Methane Emissions In The Heavy-Duty Transportation Sector, Ronald Andrew Mongold Jan 2015

Scenario-Based Estimation Model For Methane Emissions In The Heavy-Duty Transportation Sector, Ronald Andrew Mongold

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Natural gas (NG) is a promising alternative fuel to reduce exhaust emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG), particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) from heavy-duty (HD) vehicles. Past HD NG vehicle research has focused on the fuel consumption and exhaust emission of PM and NOx. Recent global warming concerns have raised interest in methane emissions from NG vehicles. However, there is currently no model available to estimate the methane emissions from HD NG vehicles. There is also a need to project the methane emissions of HD NG vehicles in 2035.;This research developed a scenario based estimation model for methane emissions …

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Using Storytelling As A Teaching Strategy To Increase Student Engagement In Stem Classes, Toni Morris Jan 2015

Using Storytelling As A Teaching Strategy To Increase Student Engagement In Stem Classes, Toni Morris

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study investigated whether or not the storytelling strategy could be used to increase student engagement and learning among non-STEM/STEAM majors participating in STEM/STEAM courses required by their programs of study. Specifically, it examined whether or not using storytelling to teach health science content to Early Childhood Development and Elementary Education students contributed to higher levels of student engagement, retention of content knowledge, self-reported preparedness to teach the content as future teachers, and ratings of teacher effectiveness. This study employed a QUAN-qual design. A true experimental design was used for the quantitative portion of the study while semi-structured group interviews …

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Building An Understanding: What Motivates Teachers To Use Science In Motion, Karen M. Spuck Jan 2015

Building An Understanding: What Motivates Teachers To Use Science In Motion, Karen M. Spuck

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Science education reform documents call for instructional practices that include scientific equipment and materials. Often, these types of resources are inaccessible for schools, especially those which are rural and socio-economically challenged, due largely to budgetary considerations. Science outreach partnerships are able to bridge the gap between what is called for in science education reform documents and the realities of many schools. Science in Motion is a science outreach partnership project located in rural Northwestern Pennsylvania, supported by state funds, that provides equipment, curricular materials, and professional development free of charge for area science educators. Teacher participation in this project is …

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Understanding The Educational Experiences Of Science Teachers In A Five-Year Teacher Education Program: A Phenomenological Study, Nitin Srivastava Jan 2015

Understanding The Educational Experiences Of Science Teachers In A Five-Year Teacher Education Program: A Phenomenological Study, Nitin Srivastava

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This qualitative study provides an overview of educational experiences of six in-service and three pre-service secondary science teachers in the Benedum Collaborative Five-Year Teacher Education Program at a land-grant university. The researcher interviewed secondary science teachers on the experiences they found meaningful in various program components that influenced their teacher identity, beliefs about science pedagogy, and their sense of preparedness for teaching. Document analysis of teachers' journals and lesson plans supplemented the qualitative data in addition to the researcher's role and knowledge as an outsider (non-Benedum graduate) and insider (facilitator and instructor in the technology integration based classes for one …

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Design And Development Of The Wvu Advanced Technology Satellite For Optical Navigation, Miranda Straub Jan 2015

Design And Development Of The Wvu Advanced Technology Satellite For Optical Navigation, Miranda Straub

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In order to meet the demands of future space missions, it is beneficial for spacecraft to have the capability to support autonomous navigation. This is true for both crewed and uncrewed vehicles. For crewed vehicles, autonomous navigation would allow the crew to safely navigate home in the event of a communication system failure. For uncrewed missions, autonomous navigation reduces the demand on ground-based infrastructure and could allow for more flexible operation. One promising technique for achieving these goals is through optical navigation. To this end, the present work considers how camera images of the Earth's surface could enable autonomous navigation …

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Topics In Graph Compositions, Todd Tichenor Jan 2015

Topics In Graph Compositions, Todd Tichenor

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

For any discrete undirected graph G with vertex set V(G) and edge set E(G) (respectively), a graph composition of G is defined to be a partition of V(G) where every element of the partition yields a connected, induced subgraph of G. This dissertation is comprised of 5 chapters. The first is a general introduction to the concept of graph compositions and a survey of previously researched work; the second focuses on the composition number of deletions of specific graphs from complete graphs; the third focuses on establishing bounds for the composition number of general graphs and the Bell number coefficients …

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Detection And Location Of Faults In Wide Area Systems Based On Error-Dependent Communication Strategy, Preethi Priya Vallapu Jan 2015

Detection And Location Of Faults In Wide Area Systems Based On Error-Dependent Communication Strategy, Preethi Priya Vallapu

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Transmission system serves as a crucial link between generating stations and consumers. Early detection and accurate location of faults on transmission lines are essential to prevent the occurrence of blackouts. Also real time monitoring of power system states during faults will enhance the situational awareness for power system operators. Wide Area Measurement and Protection Systems (WAMPS) based on Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) are a promising solution for dynamic real time monitoring and protection of power system.;This thesis deals with detection and location of faults on a transmission system based on synchrophasor technology. Performance of WAMPS is largely dependent on the …

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Erbium Alloyed Aln Thin Films: Structural, Piezoelectric And Magnetic Properties, Vishal Narang Jan 2015

Erbium Alloyed Aln Thin Films: Structural, Piezoelectric And Magnetic Properties, Vishal Narang

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This research was undertaken to determine the effect of Erbium in Erbium-alloyed AlN thin films on their structural, piezoelectric and magnetic properties. For this purpose, Erbium-alloyed AlN thin films with Er concentration of 0, 1, 3 and 4 atomic percent were deposited on (001) p-type Si substrates by reactive magnetron sputtering. The samples were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Variable Angle Spectroscopic Ellipsometry (VASE). XRD measurements showed that Er alloying leads to preferential c-axis film deposition with a decrease in grain size and an increase in the lattice constant. XPS analysis was used to determine …

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The Online Lamodel User's & Training Manual Development & Testing, Christopher R. Newman Jan 2015

The Online Lamodel User's & Training Manual Development & Testing, Christopher R. Newman

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In order to better inform and train industry professionals, as well as engineering students and new users, an electronic user's manual and comprehensive online training course for LaModel has been developed in an open online learning environment. The online user's manual provides widespread access to detailed information on the installation, proper use, and troubleshooting procedures through a combination of: written documentation, voiced-over and captioned software simulations and slide presentations, and relevant academic articles. Some of the online LaModel material has also been organized into a set of progressive, self-paced training modules using a number of the slide presentations and software …

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Spatializing The Soil-Ecological Factorial: Data Driven Integrated Land Management Tools, Travis Nauman Jan 2015

Spatializing The Soil-Ecological Factorial: Data Driven Integrated Land Management Tools, Travis Nauman

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Soils form the dynamic interface of many processes key to the function of terrestrial ecosystems. Many soil properties both influence and are influenced by activity of flora and fauna. Interactions between soils, biota, and climate determine the potential ecosystem services that a given unique ecological site (ES) can support, and how resilient a site is to various pressures and disturbances. Soil data are needed to fully understand how these factors interact, but because this data is difficult to obtain, existing soil maps are sometimes not detailed enough to fully explore relationships. Environmental raster GIS data layers were used to increase …

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Changing Vulnerabilities In A Changing Climate: Farming Opportunity And Constraint In Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania, Paul O'Keefe Jan 2015

Changing Vulnerabilities In A Changing Climate: Farming Opportunity And Constraint In Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania, Paul O'Keefe

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation demonstrates that the vulnerability of households to both socioeconomic and environmental processes is found in unequal, differentiated ability to access the means of social production and reproduction. Place specific environmental and social factors co-produce specific manifestations of vulnerability, but the underlying causes and driving forces are to be found in the social formation and social relations of households in the case study area. The major finding of this dissertation is that changes in the social relations of production and reproduction are creating as much risk to livelihoods as climate change does, or is likely to do in the …

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A Joint Location Inventory Model Under The Risk Of Supply Disruptions With Facility Fortifications, Ehsan Jafari Shirazi Jan 2015

A Joint Location Inventory Model Under The Risk Of Supply Disruptions With Facility Fortifications, Ehsan Jafari Shirazi

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Inefficient facility location decisions result in extra cost throughout the lifetime of the facilities. Hence, facility location decisions are considered as critical and difficult decisions in today's highly competitive business environment. There are two relatively new areas of research in facility location modeling approaches that have recently received much attention. The first is the incorporation of short-term inventory decisions into long-term location decisions. It has been shown in the literature (e.g. Daskin et al. 2002 or Shen et al. 2003) that failing to account for inventory may result in fundamental changes in the location decisions and thus suboptimality. The second …

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A Multi Agent System Design For Power Distribution Restoration Using Neural Networks, Mohamad Mashta Jan 2015

A Multi Agent System Design For Power Distribution Restoration Using Neural Networks, Mohamad Mashta

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The state of the art of power distribution systems is to demand a more accurate response. It also provides more reliability for fault location and restoration respectively. A multi-agent system design for power distribution has been developed using the change of current methodology to detect and locate any type of faults. Employing the artificial intelligence for restoration process is the most important contribution to this study. Since feed-forward neural networks are weight training based back propagation concept, radial basis neural networks showed more efficiency by using the minimum error method to optimize the decision. A Probabilistic radial basis Neural Network …

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Becoming A Mindful Sport Psychology Consultant: Defining, Developing, And Integrating Mindfulness Into Practice, Michelle M. Mcalarnen Jan 2015

Becoming A Mindful Sport Psychology Consultant: Defining, Developing, And Integrating Mindfulness Into Practice, Michelle M. Mcalarnen

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Sport psychology consultation is a problem solving situation and process (Sears, Rudisill, & Mason-Sears, 2006) in which sport psychology consultants (SPCs) are interpersonal and content communicators. To date, research in applied sport psychology has not examined consultants from the perspective of consultants as communicators in problem solving situations. Additionally, it remains unclear how consultants' graduate education and applied training experience relates to certain communication skills, such as mindfulness, cognitive flexibility, and communication flexibility. Yet, these skills, and its influence on consultants, have garnered interest for further study in professional practice literature (Baer et al., 2008; Davis, 2013; Poczwardowski & Sherman, …

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Heavy Metal Uptake By Four Plant Species: Radish, Indian Mustard, Corn, And Soybean., Oluwasogo Bolaji Alonge Jan 2015

Heavy Metal Uptake By Four Plant Species: Radish, Indian Mustard, Corn, And Soybean., Oluwasogo Bolaji Alonge

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Metal contaminated soils are a problem throughout the world. Because metals accumulate in the food chain they have been linked to adverse human and ecosystem health. One promising approach to remediating metal contaminated soils is phytoremediation but success has been limited by an incomplete understanding of the factors that control metal uptake by plants, including the effects when more than one contaminant metal is present in the system. Metal contaminated soil for this study was collected from near Spelter in Harrison County WV, the site of a former zinc smelting site that has contaminated residential soils and stream sediments with …

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Evaluating And Prioritizing Stream Restoration In Mined Appalachian Watersheds., Eric Mitchell Miller Jan 2015

Evaluating And Prioritizing Stream Restoration In Mined Appalachian Watersheds., Eric Mitchell Miller

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The state of West Virginia requires stream mitigation to offset anthropogenic impacts to streams; consequently there is a high concentration of mitigation projects in the mountaintop mining/valley fill region. Projects are typically outside mine boundaries and sites are selected at the discretion of the West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection. This dissertation evaluated current in-stream, natural channel design (NCD) structures and prioritized future project locations. First, we assessed the Little Coal River, which is one of the largest physical restoration projects in the state. The Little Coal drains 994 km2 with extensive historic and contemporary coal mining. The objectives of …

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Prediction Of Discretization Error Using The Error Transport Equation, Don Roscoe Parsons Iii Jan 2015

Prediction Of Discretization Error Using The Error Transport Equation, Don Roscoe Parsons Iii

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Since its conception, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has had a role to play in both the industrial and the academic realm. Due to the availability of relatively cheap computer resources, CFD is now playing an increasingly critical role in the industry compared to experiments. It is also becoming increasingly important for the CFD analyst to have an in-depth understanding of the error inherently present in numeric and mathematical models. At a minimum, CFD simulation results should be accompanied by some analysis of the error including some type of grid convergence study and an estimation of the corresponding numerical uncertainty.;Error estimation …

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Kriging-Based Design Of Experiments For Multi-Source Exposure-Response Studies In Nanotoxicology, Ying Pei Jan 2015

Kriging-Based Design Of Experiments For Multi-Source Exposure-Response Studies In Nanotoxicology, Ying Pei

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

One of the major challenges with toxicology studies of nanomaterials (NMs), compared to traditional materials or chemicals, lies in the large NM variety (or sources) caused by their various physico-chemical properties. How to efficiently design multi-source biological experiments for the toxicity characterization of NMs in terms of their exposure-response profiles? This work intends to address this question by a two-stage experimental design procedure, which is developed based on the statistical model, stochastic kriging with qualitative factors (SKQ). With a given experimental budget, the SKQ-based design method aims at achieving the highest-quality SKQ, which synergistically models the exposure-response data from multiple …

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Short-Term Resource Allocation And Management, Denis Da Cruz Pinha Jan 2015

Short-Term Resource Allocation And Management, Denis Da Cruz Pinha

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Almost all sectors of the economy, such as, government, healthcare, education, ship repair, construction, and manufacturing require project management. A key component of project management deals with scheduling of tasks such that limited resources are utilized in an effective manner. Current research on resource constrained project-scheduling has been classified as: a) Single project with single mode for various tasks, b) Single project with multiple task modes, c) Multiple projects with single task mode, and d) Multiple projects with multiple task modes.;This work extends the current multi-project, multi-mode scheduling techniques. The resources can be renewable, and non-renewable. In addition, it focuses …

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A Simulation Model For The Procedure Of Psychiatric Patients' Diversion At William R. Sharpe, Jr. Hospital Using Flocking Algorithm For Input Modeling, Aida Rabiee Gohar Jan 2015

A Simulation Model For The Procedure Of Psychiatric Patients' Diversion At William R. Sharpe, Jr. Hospital Using Flocking Algorithm For Input Modeling, Aida Rabiee Gohar

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The high rate of civil commitment in West Virginia indicates that the bureau of mental health in the state has been inefficient and unproductive at facilitating the procedures of mental health system delivery, to the point that the two state hospitals of West Virginia are often at their full capacity and incapable of admitting any new cases. This inadequacy at managing psychiatric emergencies causes frequent diversion of civil committed patients from the state psychiatric hospitals to other community psychiatric units, and ultimately costs the state an un-budgeted {dollar}4 million annually.;The main objective of this research is to contribute to the …

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The Relationship Between The Distributed Leadership Readiness Of West Virginia Principals And Their Perceptions Of Selected School-Based Committees, Patrick L. Riddle Ii Jan 2015

The Relationship Between The Distributed Leadership Readiness Of West Virginia Principals And Their Perceptions Of Selected School-Based Committees, Patrick L. Riddle Ii

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the distributed leadership readiness of West Virginia principals and their perceptions of selected school-based committees which influence leadership in their schools. Six hundred seventy four West Virginia principals were invited to participate in this study by responding to an online survey that included the Distributed Leadership Readiness Scale (DLRS), demographic items, and items from the researcher developed School-Based Committee Influence Survey. There were 198 West Virginia principal respondents to the survey (29.3%). The results of this study showed that West Virginia principal respondents were ready for distributed leadership and …

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Quantitative Assessment Of The Discrimination Potential Of Class And Randomly Acquired Characteristics For Crime Scene Quality Shoeprints, Nicole Richetelli Jan 2015

Quantitative Assessment Of The Discrimination Potential Of Class And Randomly Acquired Characteristics For Crime Scene Quality Shoeprints, Nicole Richetelli

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Footwear evidence has tremendous forensic value; it can focus a criminal investigation, link suspects to scenes, help reconstruct a series of events, or otherwise provide information vital to the successful resolution of a case. When considering the specific utility of a linkage, the strength of the connection between the source footwear and an impression left at the scene of a crime varies with the known rarity of the shoeprint itself, which is a function of the class characteristics, as well as the complexity, clarity, and quality of randomly acquired characteristics (RACs) available for analysis. To help elucidate the discrimination potential …

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Analysis And Optimization Of A Dual Free Piston, Spring Assisted, Linear Engine Generator, Matthew C. Robinson Jan 2015

Analysis And Optimization Of A Dual Free Piston, Spring Assisted, Linear Engine Generator, Matthew C. Robinson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The free piston linear engine (FPLE) generator has the potential to displace existing crankshaft driven engine technology because of its relative simplicity, higher efficiency, and increased power density. Continued interest in hybrid-electric vehicles for transportation and tightening emissions regulations has created a challenging market for conventional piston engines. Combined with rising market interest in localized power generation means there are exciting opportunities for innovative technologies that can satisfy both regulatory and commercial demands. Many groups around the world are currently working to advance the state of the FPLE, and recent success at West Virginia University will lead to a working …

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Kinematic Basis For Body Specific Locomotor Mechanics And Perturbation Responses, Ryan B. Ross Jan 2015

Kinematic Basis For Body Specific Locomotor Mechanics And Perturbation Responses, Ryan B. Ross

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Animals have evolved mechanical and neural strategies for locomotion in almost every environment, overcoming the complexities of their habitats using specializations in body structure and animal behavior. These specializations are created by neural networks responsible for generating and altering muscle activation. Species specific musculoskeletal anatomy and physiology determine how locomotion is controlled through the transformation of motor patterns into body movements. Furthermore, when these species specific locomotor systems encounter perturbations during running and walking their behavioral and mechanical attributes determine how stability is established during and after the perturbation. It is still not understood how species specific structural and behavioral …

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Cooperative Learning In Rural Mathematics Classrooms: Interactions Of Instructional Coaching, And Achievement, Joanna Burt-Kinderman Jan 2015

Cooperative Learning In Rural Mathematics Classrooms: Interactions Of Instructional Coaching, And Achievement, Joanna Burt-Kinderman

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Cooperative learning in school mathematics has been widely studied. However, variation is found in efficacy of this approach. This study examines the particular fit of a cooperative learning approach in rural mathematics classrooms. Research centers on two rural sixth-grade mathematics classrooms whose teachers have had varying degrees of experience in and support for a student-centered cooperative approach to mathematics. This study examines the overall effect of cooperative learning in this setting, then searches for differences in outcomes that may correlate with differences in experience, support, and teacher training in cooperative learning processes. Throughout the school year, benchmark measures of students' …

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Improving Community College Student Success Through Investment Of A Community Capitals Framework: A Multi-Case Study, Gregory T. Busch Jan 2015

Improving Community College Student Success Through Investment Of A Community Capitals Framework: A Multi-Case Study, Gregory T. Busch

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this dissertation is to understand how community colleges invest in a wide range of resources to achieve student success and how that investment can be better understood through the roles of the constructs found in the Community Capitals Framework. To address these questions, the top two Ohio community colleges demonstrating the greatest positive percent growth in overall student success from 2012 to 2015 were analyzed through case studies. From these inductive inquiries, success initiatives and college interventions to overcome barriers to student success were grouped into strands. The strands reflected a collection of similar themes helpful for …

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The Experience Of Transition As Told By First-Year, First-Generation Appalachian College Students, Jeffrey T. Bush Jan 2015

The Experience Of Transition As Told By First-Year, First-Generation Appalachian College Students, Jeffrey T. Bush

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The study examines the transitional experiences of Appalachian first-generation students during their first year of college. Because first-generation status, alone, has a negative affect on student persistence (Ishitani, 2003; Paulsen & Martin Lohfink, 2005), this phenomenological inquiry explores perceptions and experiences of separation and adjustment as expressed by students through semi-structured interviews with Tinto's Theory of Student Departure (1993) as a theoretical framework. Tinto's theory states that students arrive at college with personal attributes, as well as intentions and commitment, however it is their perception of their transition from home culture into the college that can affect persistence. This study …

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